Smelting device

Abstract

The utility model provides a smelting device. Comprising a smelting furnace body provided with a smelting cavity; a furnace side feeding part of the furnace side feeding structure is inserted into the side wall of the smelting furnace body and faces the bottom of the smelting cavity; wherein the furnace side feeding part is provided with an air supply opening and a feeding opening, the air supply opening and the feeding opening are both located in the smelting cavity, and the air supply opening is used for introducing fuel and combustion-supporting gas; and the feeding port is used for introducing a to-be-smelted material and carrying gas, so that the to-be-smelted material is laterally blown into the smelting cavity through the carrying gas. By means of the technical scheme, the technical problems that in the prior art, a smelting device is low in smelting efficiency, high in energy consumption and large in smoke dust can be solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to smelting device technical field, specifically, relate to a smelting device. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the existing smelting device usually transports the tin-containing material to be smelted to the furnace top through the belt, and then puts it into the smelting furnace. And the existing smelting device only sets a spray gun at the furnace top to pass fuel and combustion oxygen-rich air into the furnace body to heat and stir the molten pool.

[0003] However, the material is easy to be taken away by the flue gas in the way of feeding at the furnace top, resulting in a large amount of material circulation and occupying the production capacity of the smelting furnace. To solve this problem, the tin-containing material often needs to be granulated by adding water. But the operation of granulating by adding water also occupies the production capacity of the smelting furnace and increases the smelting energy consumption. Moreover, after the water is vaporized into high-temperature steam at high temperature, it will enter a large amount into the subsequent flue gas treatment system, resulting in an increase in the processing capacity and processing cost of the flue gas treatment system, and easily causing the slagging at the furnace top and forming a safety hazard. At the same time, the spray gun only set at the furnace top will result in insufficient stirring of the molten pool in the smelting furnace, and the position far away from the spray gun is difficult to be fully stirred, which affects the smelting efficiency. SUMMARY

[0004] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a smelting device to solve the technical problems of low smelting efficiency, high energy consumption and large smoke and dust in the prior art smelting device.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a smelting device, which comprises:

[0006] The smelting furnace body has a smelting cavity;

[0007] The furnace side feeding structure is inserted on the side wall of the smelting furnace body and is arranged towards the bottom of the smelting cavity;

[0008] The furnace side feeding part has an air inlet and a feeding port, and the air inlet and the feeding port are located in the smelting cavity; the air inlet is used for passing fuel and combustion-supporting gas; the feeding port is used for passing the material to be smelted and carrier gas to blow the material to be smelted into the smelting cavity through the carrier gas.

[0009] Further, the furnace side feeding part is at least two, and the at least two furnace side feeding parts are arranged along the circumference of the smelting furnace body; and / or,

[0010] The furnace side feeding part is at least two, and the at least two furnace side feeding parts are arranged along the height direction of the smelting furnace body; and / or,

[0011] The furnace side feeding part is a spray gun structure or a nozzle structure; and / or,

[0012] The distance between the side feeding part and the inner bottom wall of the smelting furnace body in the height direction of the smelting furnace body is greater than or equal to 300 mm and less than or equal to 1000 mm.

[0013] Further, the side feeding structure comprises:

[0014] The material bin has a material cavity for storing the material to be smelted, and the first air inlet is arranged on the material bin and communicates with the material cavity, and the first air inlet communicates with the carrier gas source.

[0015] The first side air supply pipeline is arranged on one side of the smelting furnace body, the inlet of the first side air supply pipeline communicates with the outlet of the material bin, and the outlet of the first side air supply pipeline communicates with the feeding port.

[0016] The gas inlet valve is arranged at the first air inlet, and the opening degree of the gas inlet valve is adjustably arranged to adjust the flow of the carrier gas entering the material cavity through the first air inlet.

[0017] Further, the side feeding structure further comprises:

[0018] The flux bin has a flux cavity for storing the flux and a second air inlet communicating with the flux cavity, the second air inlet communicates with the carrier gas source, the outlet of the flux bin communicates with the inlet of the first side air supply pipeline, and / or

[0019] The reducing agent bin has a reducing agent cavity for storing the reducing agent and a third air inlet communicating with the reducing agent cavity, the third air inlet communicates with the carrier gas source, the outlet of the reducing agent bin communicates with the inlet of the first side air supply pipeline, and / or

[0020] The fuel bin has a fuel cavity for storing the fuel and a fourth air inlet communicating with the fuel cavity, the fourth air inlet communicates with the carrier gas source, and the outlet of the fuel cavity communicates with the inlet of the first side air supply pipeline.

[0021] Further, the side feeding structure further comprises:

[0022] The second side air supply pipeline is arranged on one side of the smelting furnace body, the inlet of the second side air supply pipeline is used for introducing the fuel and the combustion-supporting gas, and the outlet of the second side air supply pipeline communicates with the air supply port.

[0023] The first valve body is arranged on the first side air supply pipeline, the second valve body is arranged on the second side air supply pipeline, and the opening degrees of the first valve body and the second valve body are adjustably arranged.

[0024] Further, the smelting device further comprises:

[0025] The furnace top feeding structure is arranged above the smelting furnace body, a furnace top feeding part of the furnace top feeding structure extends into the smelting cavity and is arranged towards the top of the smelting cavity; the furnace top feeding part has a fuel inlet for feeding fuel and a gas inlet for feeding combustion-supporting gas.

[0026] Further, the furnace top feeding structure further comprises:

[0027] A first top air supply pipeline, an inlet of the first top air supply pipeline is used for feeding fuel, and an outlet of the first top air supply pipeline is in communication with the fuel inlet;

[0028] A second top air supply pipeline, an inlet of the second top air supply pipeline is used for feeding combustion-supporting gas, and an outlet of the second top air supply pipeline is in communication with the gas inlet;

[0029] A third valve body and a fourth valve body, the third valve body is arranged on the first top air supply pipeline, the fourth valve body is arranged on the second top air supply pipeline, and the opening degrees of the third valve body and the fourth valve body are adjustably arranged.

[0030] Further, the furnace top feeding structure further comprises:

[0031] A third top air supply pipeline and a fifth valve body, an inlet of the third top air supply pipeline is used for feeding compressed gas, an outlet of the third top air supply pipeline is in communication with the gas inlet, the fifth valve body is arranged on the third top air supply pipeline, and the opening degree of the fifth valve body is adjustably arranged; and / or,

[0032] A fourth top air supply pipeline and a sixth valve body, an inlet of the fourth top air supply pipeline is used for feeding cooling air, an outlet of the fourth top air supply pipeline is in communication with the gas inlet, the sixth valve body is arranged on the fourth top air supply pipeline, and the opening degree of the sixth valve body is adjustably arranged; and / or,

[0033] A heat preservation burner, an outlet of the heat preservation burner is located in the smelting cavity and is arranged towards the top of the smelting cavity, and the outlet of the first top air supply pipeline and the outlet of the second top air supply pipeline are both in communication with an inlet of the heat preservation burner.

[0034] Further, the smelting furnace body further has a charging port, the charging port is arranged at the top of the smelting furnace body and is in communication with the smelting cavity, and the charging port is used for feeding at least one of flux, fuel, combustion-supporting gas and material to be smelted; and / or,

[0035] The smelting furnace body further has a slag tapping port and a material tapping port, and the slag tapping port and the material tapping port are both arranged at the bottom of the smelting furnace body and are both in communication with the smelting cavity.

[0036] Further, the smelting device further comprises:

[0037] A temperature detection member, a detection end of the temperature detection member is arranged in the smelting cavity, and the temperature detection member is used for detecting the temperature in the smelting cavity; and / or,

[0038] The liquid level detection piece is arranged at the inner side wall of the smelting furnace body, and is used for detecting the liquid level height in the smelting cavity.

[0039] The technical scheme of the present application has the advantages that: the material to be smelted is side-blown to the smelting cavity through the furnace side feeding part, compared with the furnace top feeding mode, the material is not easy to be taken away by the flue gas, thereby reducing the material circulation amount, avoiding the water adding and granulating operation, reducing the occupation of the production capacity of the smelting furnace body, and further improving the smelting efficiency. At the same time, the fuel and combustion-supporting gas are directly introduced into the smelting cavity bottom through the air supply port, so that a more effective stirring and reaction area can be formed in the smelting cavity, the contact area of the material and the heat source is increased, thereby accelerating the smelting speed and shortening the smelting period. In addition, the side-blown feeding mode avoids the material granulation and water adding at the furnace top, reduces the generation of smoke and dust, reduces the requirements and cost of the subsequent flue gas treatment system, and also reduces the pollution to the environment. Therefore, the technical scheme of the present application can solve the technical problems of low smelting efficiency, high energy consumption and large smoke and dust in the smelting device in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] The drawings accompanying the specification of the present application form a part of the present application and serve to provide a further understanding of the present application, the illustrative embodiments of the present application and its description serve to explain the present application without limiting the present application in any manner. In the drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 A structure schematic view of a smelting device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0042] Figure 2 A structure schematic view of a smelting device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 1 A cross-sectional structure schematic view at A-A in the smelting device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0043] In the above drawings, the following reference signs are used:

[0044] 1, smelting furnace body;

[0045] 11, smelting cavity; 12, slag outlet; 13, material outlet; 14, smoke outlet;

[0046] 2, furnace side feeding structure;

[0047] 21, furnace side feeding part; 22, material bin; 23, flux bin; 24, reducing agent bin; 25, fuel bin; 26, side-blown air supply valve station; 201, first side air supply pipeline; 202, second side air supply pipeline;

[0048] 3, furnace top feeding structure;

[0049] 31, top feeding part; 32, top blowing air supply valve station; 301, first top air supply pipeline; 302, second top air supply pipeline; 303, third top air supply pipeline; 304, fourth top air supply pipeline;

[0050] 4, heat preservation burner;

[0051] 51, combustion-supporting gas; 52, fuel; 53, reducing agent; 54, flux; 55, material to be smelted; 56, carrying gas;

[0052] 61, flue gas treatment system; 62, crude tin treatment system; 63, tin-lean residue treatment system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0054] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The embodiment of the present application provides a smelting device, which comprises a smelting furnace body 1 and a furnace side feeding structure 2. The smelting furnace body 1 has a smelting cavity 11. A furnace side feeding part 21 of the furnace side feeding structure 2 is inserted on a side wall of the smelting furnace body 1 and is arranged towards the bottom of the smelting cavity 11. The furnace side feeding part 21 has an air supply port and a feeding port. Both the air supply port and the feeding port are located in the smelting cavity 11. The air supply port is used for feeding fuel 52 and combustion-supporting gas 51. The feeding port is used for feeding material to be smelted 55 and carrying gas 56, so as to blow the material to be smelted 55 into the smelting cavity 11 through the carrying gas 56.

[0055] The smelting device provided by the embodiment of the present application blows the material to be smelted 55 into the smelting cavity 11 through the furnace side feeding part 21. Compared with the top feeding mode, the material is not easy to be taken away by flue gas, thereby reducing the material circulation amount, avoiding the water granulation operation, reducing the occupation of the production capacity of the smelting furnace body 1 by these operations, and further improving the smelting efficiency. Meanwhile, the fuel 52 and the combustion-supporting gas 51 are directly fed into the bottom of the smelting cavity 11 through the air supply port, so as to form a more effective stirring and reaction area in the smelting cavity, improve the contact area of the material and the heat source, accelerate the smelting speed, and shorten the smelting period. In addition, the side blowing feeding mode avoids the material granulation and water addition at the top of the furnace, reduces the generation of smoke and dust, reduces the requirements and costs of the subsequent flue gas treatment system, reduces the pollution to the environment, and also reduces the power consumption, coal consumption and water consumption in the smelting process without granulation and water addition. Therefore, the smelting device provided by the embodiment can solve the technical problems of low smelting efficiency, high energy consumption and large smoke and dust in the smelting device in the prior art.

[0056] Specifically, the fuel 52 includes at least any one of coal, coke, diesel, natural gas and hydrogen. The combustion-supporting gas 51 includes at least air or oxygen-enriched air, and the oxygen-enriched air has an oxygen-enriched concentration of 20% to 100%. The smelting material 55 is a tin-containing material, which includes tin concentrates, tin middlings, dust, pre-treated calcine and tin-containing returns from a tin-roughing system, a tin-lean residue treatment system and a flue gas treatment system. The carrying gas 56 is any one of air, nitrogen and helium.

[0057] Specifically, the smelting device is suitable for smelting of tin, copper, lead and other metals.

[0058] Specifically, the furnace-side feeding part 21 is at least two, and the at least two furnace-side feeding parts 21 are arranged along the circumference of the smelting furnace body 1. With such a structure, the at least two furnace-side feeding parts 21 are arranged along the circumference, which can feed materials into the smelting cavity 11 from different angles, so that the materials are more evenly distributed in the smelting cavity 11, the stirring effect in the molten pool is enhanced, the contact and reaction of the materials and the melt are promoted, and at the same time, the fineness of the material input in the smelting process is also enhanced, avoiding the excessive wear of the furnace wall or the furnace bottom caused by the concentration of materials at one point, and prolonging the service life of the furnace body.

[0059] Specifically, the furnace-side feeding part 21 is at least two, and the at least two furnace-side feeding parts 21 are arranged along the height direction of the smelting furnace body 1. With such a structure, multiple furnace-side feeding parts 21 are arranged in the height direction, which can introduce fuel 52 and materials at different height positions of the smelting cavity 11, which is helpful for the vertical distribution of heat in the molten pool, and promotes the uniform heating of the melt and the sufficient reaction of the raw materials.

[0060] As shown in FIG. 1, Figure 2 the number of furnace-side feeding parts 21 is 2 to 8, Figure 2 and FIG. 8 illustrates a case where the number of furnace-side feeding parts 21 is 8. The multiple furnace-side feeding parts 21 are uniformly and evenly arranged along the circumference of the smelting furnace body 1, so as to improve the uniformity of the distribution of the input materials in the smelting cavity 11.

[0061] Specifically, the furnace-side feeding part 21 is in a spray gun structure or a spray nozzle structure. With such a structure, the fuel 52 and the materials can be more effectively sprayed into the smelting cavity 11 at a high speed, increasing the contact area of the materials and the melt and improving the reaction efficiency. The spray gun or spray nozzle structure allows precise control of the input amount and the spraying speed of the materials and the fuel 52, which is helpful for maintaining the stability of the smelting process parameters and improving the controllability of the smelting process.

[0062] In another embodiment, the side feeding part 21 of the furnace comprises a side blowing lance and a material nozzle, the side blowing lance is used to pass the fuel 52 and the combustion-supporting gas 51 and spray the fuel 52 and the combustion-supporting gas 51 into the smelting cavity 11. The material nozzle is used to pass the material to be smelted 55 and the carrier gas 56 to side blow the material to be smelted 55 into the smelting cavity 11 by the carrier gas 56.

[0063] Specifically, in order to enhance the durability and service life of the side feeding part 21 of the furnace, the side feeding part 21 of the furnace is made of high-temperature-resistant material.

[0064] Specifically, an angle adjusting mechanism is arranged between the side feeding part 21 of the furnace and the side wall of the smelting furnace body 1, which can adjust the spray angle of the side feeding part 21 of the furnace during smelting to adapt to the needs of different smelting stages.

[0065] Specifically, along the height direction of the smelting furnace body 1, the distance between the side feeding part 21 of the furnace and the inner bottom wall of the smelting furnace body 1 is greater than or equal to 300mm and less than or equal to 1000mm. With such a structure, since the molten pool is located at the bottom of the smelting cavity 11, such a setting can ensure that the material to be smelted 55 can quickly contact the molten pool after entering the smelting cavity 11 and start the smelting process. At the same time, the appropriate distance can reduce the thermal shock of the smelted material to the bottom of the furnace body and reduce the thermal stress of the bottom of the furnace body, thereby prolonging the service life of the smelting furnace body 1.

[0066] In the embodiment, the side feeding structure 2 of the furnace comprises a material bin 22, the material bin 22 has a material cavity for storing the material to be smelted 55, and the material bin 22 is provided with a first air inlet communicating with the material cavity, and the first air inlet is in communication with the carrier gas source. The side feeding structure 2 of the furnace further comprises a first side air supply pipeline 201 and an air inlet valve, the first side air supply pipeline 201 is arranged on one side of the smelting furnace body 1, the inlet of the first side air supply pipeline 201 is in communication with the outlet of the material bin 22, and the outlet of the first side air supply pipeline 201 is in communication with the feeding port. The air inlet valve is arranged at the first air inlet, and the opening degree of the air inlet valve is adjustably arranged to adjust the flow of the carrier gas 56 entering the material cavity through the first air inlet. With such a structure, the flow of the carrier gas 56 can be accurately controlled through the adjustable air inlet valve, and then the speed and amount of the material to be smelted 55 entering the smelting cavity can be controlled, thereby improving the controllability of the smelting process and the accuracy of the material processing.

[0067] Specifically, the furnace-side feeding structure 2 further comprises a flux bin 23, the flux bin 23 having a flux cavity for storing flux 54 and a second air inlet in communication with the flux cavity, the second air inlet being in communication with the carrier gas source; the outlet of the flux bin 23 being in communication with the inlet of the first side air feeding pipeline 201. With such a structure, the flux 54 can adjust the slag type, so that the slag produced in the smelting process has better fluidity, which is beneficial to the separation of metal and slag, and improves the recovery rate of metal and the product quality. The carrier gas 56 can ensure that the flux 54 is efficiently and accurately added to the molten pool, reducing the loss of the flux 54 during the adding process and reducing the cost of the smelting process.

[0068] Specifically, in order to better control the amount of flux 54 added, a first air valve is arranged on the second air inlet, and the opening degree of the first air valve is adjustably set.

[0069] Specifically, the flux 54 at least includes limestone and quartzite. The flux 54 is a granular solid, and the maximum diameter of the flux 54 particles is less than 1mm.

[0070] Specifically, the furnace-side feeding structure 2 further comprises a reducing agent bin 24, the reducing agent bin 24 having a reducing agent cavity for storing reducing agent 53 and a third air inlet in communication with the reducing agent cavity, the third air inlet being in communication with the carrier gas source; the outlet of the reducing agent bin 24 being in communication with the inlet of the first side air feeding pipeline 201. With such a structure, the design of the reducing agent cavity ensures that the reducing agent 53 can be accurately added to the molten pool and fully contacted with the oxides, improving the efficiency of the reduction reaction and accelerating the smelting process.

[0071] Specifically, a second air valve is arranged on the third air inlet, and the opening degree of the second air valve is adjustably set. In this way, by adjusting the opening degree of the second air valve, the amount of reducing agent 53 added can be accurately controlled to avoid excess or deficiency, ensuring the stability of the smelting process and the product quality.

[0072] Specifically, the reducing agent 53 at least includes any one of lump coal, pulverized coal, coke, natural gas and hydrogen.

[0073] In another embodiment, the reducing agent 53 is a gas or a liquid, the reducing agent bin 24 has a reducing agent cavity for storing the reducing agent 53, and the outlet of the reducing agent bin 24 is in communication with the inlet of the first side air feeding pipeline 201.

[0074] Specifically, the furnace side feeding structure 2 further comprises a fuel bin 25, the fuel bin 25 has a fuel cavity for storing the fuel 52 and a fourth air inlet in communication with the fuel cavity, the fourth air inlet is in communication with the carrier gas source; the outlet of the fuel cavity is in communication with the inlet of the first side air supply pipeline 201. With such a structure, the connection of the fuel cavity and the side blowing pipeline can accurately control the input amount of the fuel 52, thereby accurately controlling the heat input in the smelting cavity 11, keeping the molten pool temperature in the ideal range, and improving the smelting efficiency.

[0075] Specifically, in order to better control the input amount of the fuel 52, a third air valve is arranged on the fourth air inlet, and the opening degree of the third air valve is adjustably arranged.

[0076] Specifically, the fuel 52 at least includes any one of coal, coke, diesel, natural gas and hydrogen.

[0077] In another embodiment, the fuel 52 is a gas or a liquid, and the fuel bin 25 has a fuel cavity for storing the fuel 52, and the outlet of the fuel cavity is in communication with the inlet of the first side air supply pipeline 201.

[0078] Specifically, the furnace side feeding structure 2 further comprises a second side air supply pipeline 202, the second side air supply pipeline 202 is arranged on one side of the smelting furnace body 1, the inlet of the second side air supply pipeline 202 is used to introduce the fuel 52 and the combustion-supporting gas 51, and the outlet of the second side air supply pipeline 202 is in communication with the air supply port. The furnace side feeding structure 2 further comprises a first valve body and a second valve body, the first valve body is arranged on the first side air supply pipeline 201, and the second valve body is arranged on the second side air supply pipeline 202, and the opening degrees of the first valve body and the second valve body are adjustably arranged. With such a structure, the amount of material and the amount of fuel 52 and combustion-supporting gas 51 can be controlled by adjusting the opening degrees of the first valve body and the second valve body, so as to better adapt to different smelting requirements and reaction stage requirements.

[0079] In the embodiment, the smelting device further comprises a furnace top feeding structure 3, the furnace top feeding structure 3 is arranged above the smelting furnace body 1, and a furnace top feeding part 31 of the furnace top feeding structure 3 extends into the smelting cavity 11 and is arranged towards the top of the smelting cavity 11; the furnace top feeding part 31 has a fuel inlet for introducing the fuel 52 and a gas inlet for introducing the combustion-supporting gas 51. With such a structure, the setting of the furnace top feeding structure 3 enables the smelting cavity 11 top to also receive the fuel 52 and the combustion-supporting gas 51, increases the heat source supplement of the molten pool, and helps to balance the temperature of the whole molten pool, thereby improving the smelting efficiency. The combination of the furnace top feeding structure 3 and the furnace side feeding structure 2 can flexibly adjust the distribution of materials and heat sources according to the properties of the smelted materials and the internal state of the molten pool, optimize the smelting process, and improve the metal direct recovery rate and product quality.

[0080] Specifically, the furnace top feeding part 31 is in a spray gun structure or a nozzle structure.

[0081] Specifically, the furnace top feeding structure 3 further comprises a first top air feeding pipe 301, a second top air feeding pipe 302, a third valve body and a fourth valve body. The inlet of the first top air feeding pipe 301 is used for passing the fuel 52, and the outlet of the first top air feeding pipe 301 is communicated with the fuel inlet. The inlet of the second top air feeding pipe 302 is used for passing the combustion-supporting gas 51, and the outlet of the second top air feeding pipe 302 is communicated with the gas inlet. The third valve body is arranged on the first top air feeding pipe 301, and the fourth valve body is arranged on the second top air feeding pipe 302, and the opening degrees of the third valve body and the fourth valve body are adjustably arranged. With such a structure arrangement, the independent arrangement of the first top air feeding pipe 301 and the second top air feeding pipe 302 allows the operator to accurately control the flow of the fuel 52 and the combustion-supporting gas 51 at the top of the molten pool according to the smelting requirements, thereby accurately controlling the heat input at the top of the molten pool and improving the controllability of the smelting process.

[0082] Specifically, the furnace top feeding structure 3 further comprises a third top air feeding pipe 303 and a fifth valve body, the inlet of the third top air feeding pipe 303 is used for passing the compressed gas, the outlet of the third top air feeding pipe 303 is communicated with the gas inlet, and the fifth valve body is arranged on the third top air feeding pipe 303, and the opening degree of the fifth valve body is adjustably arranged. With such a structure arrangement, the input of the compressed gas can enhance the disturbance of the material at the top of the molten pool, promote the uniform mixing of the smelting material and the melt, and accelerate the reaction rate. The input of the compressed gas can also be used as an auxiliary means to control the temperature of the molten pool, prevent local overheating, protect the furnace top equipment, and prolong its service life.

[0083] Specifically, the furnace top feeding structure 3 further comprises a fourth top air feeding pipe 304 and a sixth valve body, the inlet of the fourth top air feeding pipe 304 is used for passing the cooling air, the outlet of the fourth top air feeding pipe 304 is communicated with the gas inlet, and the sixth valve body is arranged on the fourth top air feeding pipe 304, and the opening degree of the sixth valve body is adjustably arranged. With such a structure arrangement, the input of the cooling air can effectively reduce the temperature at the top of the molten pool, prevent local overheating, protect the furnace top feeding part 31 and the smelting furnace body 1, and prolong their service life.

[0084] Specifically, the furnace top feeding structure 3 further comprises a heat preservation burner 4, the outlet of the heat preservation burner 4 is located in the smelting cavity 11 and is arranged towards the top of the smelting cavity 11, and the outlet of the first top air feeding pipe 301 and the outlet of the second top air feeding pipe 302 are both communicated with the inlet of the heat preservation burner 4. With such a structure arrangement, the heat preservation burner 4 can stably provide heat to help maintain the temperature at the top of the molten pool within a suitable smelting range, thereby ensuring the smelting efficiency and product quality.

[0085] In the embodiment, the smelting furnace body 1 further has a charging port, the charging port is arranged at the top of the smelting furnace body 1 and communicates with the smelting cavity 11, and the charging port is used for introducing at least one of the flux 54, the fuel 52, the combustion-supporting gas 51 and the material to be smelted 55. With the arrangement of the charging port, the operator can assist in flexible addition of the flux 54, the fuel 52, the combustion-supporting gas 51 and the material to be smelted 55 through the charging port according to the smelting requirement and the state of the molten pool, thereby improving the flexibility and adaptability of the smelting process.

[0086] Specifically, the top feeding structure 3 further comprises a top blowing lance, the top blowing lance is used for introducing the material to be smelted 55 and the carrier gas 56, so as to blow the material to be smelted 55 into the smelting cavity 11 through the carrier gas 56. In this way, auxiliary feeding can be performed at the top of the furnace through the top blowing lance, and the uniformity of feeding is effectively improved.

[0087] In the embodiment, the smelting furnace body 1 further has a slag discharge port 12 and a material discharge port 13, both of which are arranged at the bottom of the smelting furnace body 1 and communicate with the smelting cavity 11. With the arrangement of the slag discharge port 12, the discharge of the molten slag is facilitated, the separation efficiency of the molten slag and the molten metal is improved, and the purity of the molten metal is ensured. Through the precise control of the material discharge port 13, the mixing of the molten metal and the molten slag during the discharge process can be reduced, the loss of the molten metal is reduced, and the direct recovery rate of the metal is improved.

[0088] Specifically, the smelting device further comprises a temperature detection member, a detection end of the temperature detection member is arranged in the smelting cavity 11, and the temperature detection member is used for detecting the temperature in the smelting cavity 11. With the arrangement of the temperature detection member, the operator can monitor the temperature change in the smelting cavity 11 in real time, which is crucial for controlling the chemical reaction rate, the material melting speed and the product quality in the smelting process.

[0089] Specifically, the smelting device further comprises a liquid level detection member, a detection end of the liquid level detection member is arranged at the inner side wall of the smelting furnace body 1, and the liquid level detection member is used for detecting the liquid level height in the smelting cavity 11. With the arrangement of the liquid level detection member, the liquid level height of the molten pool can be monitored in real time, which is very important for ensuring the stability of the molten pool and the continuity of the smelting process. The arrangement of the liquid level detection member enables the operator to timely adjust the feeding speed and the smelting parameters according to the liquid level data, and also helps to judge the smelting stage, thereby avoiding production accidents caused by improper liquid level control and improving the safety and controllability of the smelting process.

[0090] As Figure 1As shown, the core component of the smelting device is the smelting furnace body 1, which is the heat source and material processing center of the entire device. The smelting furnace body 1 is equipped with a smelting cavity 11, which is the core space for material smelting. The bottom of the furnace body is designed with a slag outlet 12 and a material outlet 13, which are used to discharge the molten slag and remaining material after the smelting process is completed, ensuring the cleanliness of the inside of the furnace body and the smoothness of subsequent operations. The top of the furnace body is provided with a smoke outlet 14 to guide the smoke generated during the smelting process to be discharged, avoiding the accumulation of smoke in the furnace body, affecting the smelting efficiency and the health of the operators.

[0091] Specifically, the smoke outlet 14 is connected to the smoke treatment system 61. The smoke treatment system 61 is responsible for treating the smoke generated during the smelting process. These smoke includes by-products such as oxides and sulfides generated during the smelting process, as well as waste gas generated by the combustion of fuel 52. The main task of the smoke treatment system is to recover the heat in the smoke and reduce the emission of pollutants, achieving the purpose of environmental protection and energy saving.

[0092] Specifically, the material outlet 13 is connected to the crude tin treatment system 62. The crude tin treatment system is used to process the crude tin obtained during the smelting process, i.e. the tin metal that has not been refined. The main task of this system is to further process the crude tin to remove impurities and improve the purity of the tin metal.

[0093] Specifically, the slag outlet 12 is connected to the tin-poor slag treatment system 63. The tin-poor slag treatment system is used to process the tin-poor slag produced during the smelting process, i.e. the smelting residue with low tin content. The main task of this system is to recover the tin metal in the tin-poor slag and reduce resource waste.

[0094] Specifically, the side blowing air supply valve station 26 is connected to the second side air supply pipeline 202, and the side blowing air supply valve station 26 is responsible for controlling and adjusting the gas flow in the second side air supply pipeline 202, ensuring that the fuel 52, combustion-supporting gas 51, reducing agent 53, etc. during the smelting process can enter the furnace side feeding part 21 with appropriate proportion and flow rate, thereby affecting the chemical reaction and thermodynamic conditions in the molten pool. Specifically, the side blowing air supply valve station 26 contains multiple valves, each corresponding to a different pipeline. The operator can control the amount of each substance entering by adjusting the opening of the valve to adapt to different stages and reaction conditions of the smelting process.

[0095] Specifically, the first top air supply pipeline 301, the second top air supply pipeline 302, the third top air supply pipeline 303 and the fourth top air supply pipeline 304 are all connected with the top air supply valve station 32, which is responsible for controlling and adjusting the flow and type of the material entering the top feeding part 31. Through the top air supply valve station 32, the operator can control the supply of fuel 52, the proportioning of combustion-supporting gas 51 and other materials delivered through the top feeding part 31 during the smelting process. A plurality of valves are also contained in the top air supply valve station 32 for controlling the flow from different pipelines into the top feeding part 31.

[0096] Specifically, the smelting process applicable to the smelting device includes: gas or liquid material is sprayed into the furnace from the top blowing lance (equivalent to the top feeding part 31), the side blowing lance (equivalent to the side feeding part 21) or the holding burner 4, so that the molten bath in the furnace is violently stirred or supplemented with heat, and solid or liquid material is delivered by the carrier gas 56 through the side feeding part 21 and sprayed into the violently stirred molten bath at a certain metering ratio, so that rapid melting, reduction and slagging are carried out at 1200-1300℃ to obtain crude tin, tin-lean slag and flue gas. The crude tin enters the pyrogenic refining system to produce refined tin containing 99.95% of tin, the tin-lean slag enters the tin slag fuming treatment system, and the flue gas enters the waste heat boiler to recover waste heat. Among them, the solid or liquid material refers to tin-containing material, flux 54, reducing agent 53 and fuel 52. In order to meet the requirements of blowing, the particle diameter of the solid material is less than 1mm. The gas or liquid material refers to combustion-supporting gas 51, reducing agent 53 and fuel 52.

[0097] Specifically, by means of the top blowing lance (equivalent to the top feeding part 31) to spray the pulverized coal (fuel 52) and the combustion oxygen-enriched air (combustion gas 51) into the smelting chamber 11 to heat, the smelting side blowing lance (equivalent to the side feeding part 21) to spray the tin calcine and the dust (smelting material 55) into the molten pool, when the tin calcine and the dust are melted to form the molten pool to 1.6 m, the reduction smelting is carried out, the side blowing lance starts to spray the pulverized coal as the reducing agent 53 into the molten pool, at the same time, the top blowing lance sprays the pulverized coal and the combustion oxygen-enriched air into the smelting furnace to heat and provide the heat required by the reaction, the quartzite and the limestone are added from the top charging port as the flux 54 to adjust the slag type. The smelting period of the smelting device is 8 h per furnace, 3 furnaces per day. Each furnace is divided into three stages of melting, reduction and slagging. During the smelting process, the continuous charging is adopted, the intermittent operation system of multiple tin discharging and once slagging is adopted. The tin is discharged from the tin discharging port (equivalent to the discharging port 13) at a certain interval, during the tin discharging operation, the charging is not stopped, and the smelting process continues. The tin content in the intermediate slag in the smelting furnace is controlled to be 15-20%. When the tin content in the slag is reduced to 3-5% in the reduction stage, the reduction is ended, and the tin discharging and slagging operations are carried out. After the slagging is ended, a certain amount of slag is left in the furnace as the bottom slag for the next production, and the bottom slag molten pool depth is 400 mm. In this way, by using the conveying characteristics of the calcine and the dust, the dry powder material is directly sprayed into the furnace without granulation and water supplement, the power consumption, the coal consumption and the water consumption in the smelting process are reduced, the dust rate is reduced, the tin smelting direct recovery rate is improved, the treatment amount and the treatment cost of the flue gas treatment system 61 are reduced, the occurrence rate of the top slagging is reduced, the production safety is improved, the energy saving and emission reduction and the production environment improvement are realized.

[0098] Specifically, under different production scales, the fuel 52 consumption reduction ratio, the dust rate reduction ratio, the direct recovery rate improvement ratio and the cost saving ratio of the smelting device provided in the embodiment are shown in the following table.

[0099]

[0100] From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the utility model realize the following technical effects: through complementary side blowing and top blowing, the flexibility of the smelting device is enhanced, multi-directional agitation is formed, the reaction capacity of raw materials is improved, the problem of short service life of single top blowing lance is made up, and the operation rate is improved. The powdery raw materials are sprayed into the smelting pool through the side blowing lance, so that the raw materials can rapidly melt, reduce and discharge slag in the smelting process to obtain crude tin, tin-poor slag and flue gas, the smoke rate is reduced by 4% to 10%, the production capacity of the smelting furnace is fully utilized, the energy consumption is reduced by 4% to 8%, the processing capacity of the flue gas treatment system is reduced, the cost is saved by 20 million yuan to 50 million yuan per year, the occurrence rate of the furnace top slagging is reduced, and the safety of production is improved. Tin calcine and smoke dust are transported through the single-bin pump pipeline and sprayed into the smelting furnace melt through the side blowing lance, the tin raw materials are transported in a closed manner, dust flying is reduced, the smoke rate in the smelting process is reduced, the direct recovery rate and the recovery rate of tin are improved.

[0101] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0102] The relative arrangement of parts and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in the examples are not intended to limit the scope of the present application unless otherwise specifically stated. It will be further understood that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale and that, for the purposes of convenience and clarity, not every component can be shown in a given drawing. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail because such can be found in other literature available to those skilled in the art. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be interpreted as an example only and not as a limitation. Other examples of the example embodiments can have different values. It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following drawings and that, as a result, further discussion of such items can not be necessary in the following drawings.

[0103] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "transverse, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" and the like indicated orientation or position relationship are generally based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, without the opposite description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present application; the orientation words "inner, outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the contour of each component.

[0104] For the convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "over", "above", "upper surface", "upper" and the like can be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature with other devices or features as shown in the drawings. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation of the device described in the drawings. For example, if the device in the drawing is inverted, the device described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures will be positioned "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below" orientations. The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0105] In addition, it should be noted that the use of "first", "second" and the like to define parts only facilitates the differentiation of the corresponding parts, and the above words have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present application.

[0106] The above only describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A smelting apparatus, characterized by, The application relates to a smelting furnace body (1) having a smelting cavity (11); a furnace-side feeding structure (2) having a furnace-side feeding part (21) arranged on a side wall of the smelting furnace body (1) and facing the bottom of the smelting cavity (11); wherein the furnace-side feeding part (21) has an air supply port and a feeding port, both of which are arranged in the smelting cavity (11), the air supply port is used for feeding fuel and combustion-supporting gas, and the feeding port is used for feeding material to be smelted and carrier gas to side-blow the material to be smelted into the smelting cavity (11) through the carrier gas. The furnace-side feeding part (21) is at least two, and the at least two furnace-side feeding parts (21) are arranged along the periphery of the smelting furnace body (1); and / or, The furnace-side feeding part (21) is at least two, and the at least two furnace-side feeding parts (21) are arranged along the height direction of the smelting furnace body (1); and / or, The furnace-side feeding part (21) is a lance structure or a nozzle structure; and / or, 2. The smelting apparatus of claim 1, wherein Along the height direction of the smelting furnace body (1), the distance between the furnace-side feeding part (21) and the inner bottom wall of the smelting furnace body (1) is greater than or equal to 300 mm and less than or equal to 1000 mm. The furnace-side feeding structure (2) comprises: A material bin (22) having a material cavity for storing the material to be smelted, the material bin (22) is provided with a first air inlet port communicating with the material cavity, and the first air inlet port communicates with a carrier gas source; A first side air supply pipeline (201) arranged on one side of the smelting furnace body (1), the inlet of the first side air supply pipeline (201) communicates with the outlet of the material bin (22), and the outlet of the first side air supply pipeline (201) communicates with the feeding port; 3. The smelting apparatus of claim 1, wherein An air inlet valve arranged at the first air inlet port, the opening degree of the air inlet valve is adjustably arranged to adjust the flow of the carrier gas entering the material cavity through the first air inlet port. The furnace-side feeding structure (2) further comprises: A flux bin (23) having a flux cavity for storing flux and a second air inlet port communicating with the flux cavity, the second air inlet port communicates with the carrier gas source; the outlet of the flux bin (23) communicates with the inlet of the first side air supply pipeline (201); and / or, A reducing agent bin (24) having a reducing agent cavity for storing reducing agent and a third air inlet port communicating with the reducing agent cavity, the third air inlet port communicates with the carrier gas source; the outlet of the reducing agent bin (24) communicates with the inlet of the first side air supply pipeline (201); and / or, 4. The smelting apparatus defined in claim 3, characterised in that A fuel bin (25) having a fuel cavity for storing fuel and a fourth air inlet port communicating with the fuel cavity, the fourth air inlet port communicates with the carrier gas source; the outlet of the fuel cavity communicates with the inlet of the first side air supply pipeline (201). The furnace-side feeding structure (2) further comprises: ​ ​ 5. The smelting apparatus defined in claim 3, wherein ​ A second side air supply duct (202) is arranged at one side of the smelting furnace body (1), an inlet of the second side air supply duct (202) is used for introducing fuel and combustion-supporting gas, and an outlet of the second side air supply duct (202) is communicated with the air supply port; A first valve body and a second valve body, the first valve body is arranged on the first side air supply duct (201), the second valve body is arranged on the second side air supply duct (202), and the opening degrees of the first valve body and the second valve body are adjustably arranged.

6. Smelting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that, The smelting device further comprises: A top feeding structure (3) is arranged above the smelting furnace body (1), a top feeding part (31) of the top feeding structure (3) extends into the smelting cavity (11) and is arranged towards the top of the smelting cavity (11); the top feeding part (31) has a fuel inlet used for introducing fuel and a gas inlet used for introducing combustion-supporting gas.

7. The smelting apparatus defined in claim 6, characterised in that The top feeding structure (3) further comprises: A first top air supply duct (301), an inlet of the first top air supply duct (301) is used for introducing the fuel, and an outlet of the first top air supply duct (301) is communicated with the fuel inlet; A second top air supply duct (302), an inlet of the second top air supply duct (302) is used for introducing the combustion-supporting gas, and an outlet of the second top air supply duct (302) is communicated with the gas inlet; A third valve body and a fourth valve body, the third valve body is arranged on the first top air supply duct (301), the fourth valve body is arranged on the second top air supply duct (302), and the opening degrees of the third valve body and the fourth valve body are adjustably arranged.

8. The smelting apparatus defined in claim 7, characterised in that, The top feeding structure (3) further comprises: A third top air supply duct (303) and a fifth valve body, an inlet of the third top air supply duct (303) is used for introducing compressed gas, an outlet of the third top air supply duct (303) is communicated with the gas inlet, the fifth valve body is arranged on the third top air supply duct (303), and the opening degree of the fifth valve body is adjustably arranged; and / or, A fourth top air supply duct (304) and a sixth valve body, an inlet of the fourth top air supply duct (304) is used for introducing cooling air, an outlet of the fourth top air supply duct (304) is communicated with the gas inlet, the sixth valve body is arranged on the fourth top air supply duct (304), and the opening degree of the sixth valve body is adjustably arranged; and / or, A heat preservation burner (4), an outlet of the heat preservation burner (4) is located in the smelting cavity (11) and is arranged towards the top of the smelting cavity (11), the outlet of the first top air supply duct (301) and the outlet of the second top air supply duct (302) are both communicated with an inlet of the heat preservation burner (4).

9. The smelting apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The smelting furnace body (1) further has a feeding port, the feeding port is arranged at the top of the smelting furnace body (1) and is communicated with the smelting cavity (11), and the feeding port is used for introducing at least one of flux, fuel, combustion-supporting gas and material to be smelted; and / or, The smelting furnace body (1) further has a slag tapping hole (12) and a material tapping hole (13), both of which are arranged at the bottom of the smelting furnace body (1) and are communicated with the smelting cavity (11).

10. Smelting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that, The smelting device further comprises: a temperature detecting member, a detecting end of which is arranged in the smelting cavity (11), and which is used for detecting the temperature in the smelting cavity (11); and / or a liquid level detecting member, a detecting end of which is arranged at the inner side wall of the smelting furnace body (1), and which is used for detecting the liquid level height in the smelting cavity (11).

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