Bridge anti-collision test device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of anti-collision testing, and particularly relates to a bridge anti-collision testing device which is simple in overall structure, an arc-shaped hammer similar to a ship bow is adopted, the loading form of the anti-collision device during ship bow collision is simulated as much as possible, the testing result is more practical, and evaluation on the protection efficiency of the bridge anti-collision device is more accurate. The impact load is applied in a vertical falling mode, the collision energy can be increased by increasing the balance weight and / or increasing the falling height of the impact unit, a large-energy-level collision test can be simulated, and the protection capacity of the anti-collision device under the limiting working condition can be tested; the high-speed photographing device is used for collecting test piece deformation data and arc-shaped hammer head displacement data, and displacement sensors do not need to be arranged for collecting the displacement data.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of anti-collision test, in particular to a bridge anti-collision test device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, the bridges built in wide water areas at home and abroad are increasing, which plays an indispensable role in the rapid development of transportation industry and the rapid growth of economy. However, the bridges located in navigable water areas are artificial obstacles for ships on water, and there is a risk of ship collision; among many ship collision accidents, the ship bow collision with the bridge is the most common and the most destructive accident scenario.

[0003] In view of the challenges faced by bridge safety, experts and engineers have designed various forms of bridge anti-collision devices, which have different structures, different materials and different load failure modes, and have posed challenges to how to evaluate the protection effect of the anti-collision device. At present, the test technology of the anti-collision device proposed is small in impact energy and difficult to simulate the most common ship bow impact load mode, and it is urgent to establish a test technology suitable for the field of bridge anti-collision device.

[0004] The test method of the anti-collision device proposed at present is the test and evaluation method of the structural deformation performance of steel-composite anti-collision facilities proposed by Wang Wenwei of Southeast University. The test method uses a pendulum device as an impact unit, a high-speed camera and a laser displacement sensor as a data acquisition unit, and an anti-collision device support frame to fix the test piece. The test method has the following shortcomings: 1. The pendulum hammer head is square, which is quite different from the ship bow impact load mode; 2. The impact energy level that can be tested is small due to the form of the support frame; 3. The laser displacement sensor can only measure the displacement of the back of the test piece, and the test data has little effect on the performance evaluation of the test piece. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides a bridge anti-collision test device, which aims to provide a bridge anti-collision device test technology which can simulate ship bow impact, has simple test process and convenient data acquisition.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a bridge anti-collision test device, which comprises:

[0007] a bottom plate;

[0008] a guide piece arranged vertically to the bottom plate, the lower end of the guide piece being fixed to the bottom plate;

[0009] an impact unit comprising a sliding block and an arc-shaped hammer head arranged at the lower end of the sliding block, the sliding block being arranged on the guide piece to slide up and down, and the lower surface of the arc-shaped hammer head being the same as the arc-shaped surface of the front end of the ship bow;

[0010] A force equalizing plate is located below the impact unit and is parallel to the base plate. The upper surface of the force equalizing plate is used to place the specimen.

[0011] A force sensor is disposed between the lower surface of the force equalization plate and the base plate, and the force sensor is used to collect load data during the collision process;

[0012] A high-speed photography device is installed on one side of the specimen, and the high-speed photography device is used to collect deformation data of the specimen and displacement data of the arc-shaped hammer head.

[0013] Optionally, the guide includes two columns, which are spaced apart on the base plate. Both ends of the slider are provided with vertical sliding holes for the columns to pass through. The arc-shaped hammer is located in the middle of the lower end of the slider.

[0014] Optionally, the slider is cuboid, and the two sliding holes are located at both ends of the slider along its length, and the two sliding holes are located on the center line of the slider along its length.

[0015] Optionally, the top of the slider is provided with a placement area for placing a counterweight.

[0016] Optionally, the force equalizing plate is a rectangular plate, and a limiting block for positioning the specimen is provided on the upper surface of the force equalizing plate. The specimen is symmetrically arranged in both the length and width directions of the force equalizing plate.

[0017] Optionally, the specimen is located directly below the arc-shaped hammer head, the specimen has a cubic structure, and the width of the specimen is equal to the width of the arc-shaped hammer head.

[0018] Optionally, the bridge collision avoidance test device includes two force sensors, which are spaced apart on the center line of the lower surface of the force equalization plate.

[0019] Optionally, a level is provided on the base plate.

[0020] Optionally, the level is a bubble level.

[0021] Optionally, the high-speed photography device includes a high-speed camera.

[0022] The bridge collision avoidance testing device provided in this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The load conditions are close to reality: It can simulate the load mode of a ship's bow collision. It uses an arc-shaped hammer head that is similar to the bow of a ship to simulate the load form of the anti-collision device as much as possible. The test results are more in line with reality, and the evaluation of the protective effectiveness of the bridge anti-collision device is more accurate.

[0024] 2. High collision energy level: The impact load is applied by vertical drop. The collision energy can be increased by adding counterweight and / or increasing the drop height. This can simulate high-energy collision tests and test the protective capability of the anti-collision device under extreme conditions.

[0025] 3. Simple data acquisition: High-speed photography device is used to collect specimen deformation data and arc hammer displacement data, eliminating the need to deploy displacement sensors to collect displacement data. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] in:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a bridge collision avoidance test device shown in one embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The side view of the bridge collision avoidance test device shown;

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The front view of the bridge collision avoidance test device shown.

[0031] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0032] 100. Specimen;

[0033] 10. Base plate;

[0034] 20. Guide components;

[0035] 30. Impact unit; 31. Slider; 32. Arc-shaped hammer;

[0036] 40. Force equalizing plate; 41. Limiting block;

[0037] 50. Force sensor;

[0038] 60. High-speed photography equipment;

[0039] 70. Level. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings. However, this application can be implemented in many other different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this application.

[0041] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0042] It should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0044] It should also be noted that in the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same component or part. For the same part in the embodiments of this application, the reference numerals may only be used to mark one part or component as an example. It should be understood that the reference numerals are also applicable to other identical parts or components.

[0045] Embodiments of this application provide a bridge collision avoidance testing device, such as... Figures 1 to 3As shown, the bridge collision avoidance test device includes a base plate 10, a guide member 20, an impact unit 30, a force equalizing plate 40, a force sensor 50, and a high-speed photography device 60. The guide member 20 is perpendicular to the base plate 10, and its lower end is fixed to the base plate 10. The impact unit 30 includes a slider 31 and an arc-shaped hammer 32 disposed at the lower end of the slider 31. The slider 31 slides up and down on the guide member 20, allowing the impact unit 30 to fall vertically along the guide member 20 under gravity. The guide member 20 guides the fall of the impact unit 30. The lower surface of the arc-shaped hammer 32 is the same as the arc-shaped surface of the bow. The force equalizing plate 40 is located below the impact unit 30 and is parallel to the base plate 10. The upper surface of the force equalizing plate 40 is used to place the test specimen 100. The force sensor 50 is disposed between the lower surface of the force equalizing plate 40 and the base plate 10, and is used to collect load data during the collision process. A high-speed photography device 60 is disposed on one side of the specimen 100. The high-speed photography device 60 is used to collect deformation data of the specimen 100 and displacement data of the arc-shaped hammer head 32.

[0046] The high-speed photography device 60 can be a high-speed camera.

[0047] In the specific experiment, the bridge anti-collision device specimen 100 was placed on the upper surface of the force equalization plate 40. The slider 31 was lifted to a certain height. After the slider 31 was released, it caused the arc-shaped hammer head 32 to fall and impact the specimen 100. Based on the displacement of the arc-shaped hammer head 32 collected by the high-speed photography device 60, the computer processed the data to generate the collision displacement-time curve of the arc-shaped hammer head 32. Based on the load-time curve collected by the force sensor 50, the protective performance of the bridge anti-collision device was comprehensively evaluated by analyzing the displacement-time curve and load-time curve of the specimen 100 and combining the load-induced failure of the specimen 100.

[0048] In this embodiment, the bridge collision avoidance test device has a simple overall structure. It adopts an arc-shaped hammer head 32 that approximates the bow of a ship to simulate the load-bearing form of the collision avoidance device during a bow collision as much as possible. The test results are more realistic, and the evaluation of the protective effectiveness of the bridge collision avoidance device is more accurate. The impact load is applied in a vertical drop manner. The collision energy can be increased by adding counterweights and / or raising the drop height of the impact unit 30, which can simulate high-energy collision tests and test the protective capability of the collision avoidance device under extreme working conditions. The high-speed photography device 60 is used to collect the deformation data of the specimen 100 and the displacement data of the arc-shaped hammer head 32, eliminating the need to arrange displacement sensors to collect displacement data.

[0049] Furthermore, it should be noted that, since the curved hammer head 32, which is similar to the bow of a ship, is used in the loading mode, the damage mode of the bridge anti-collision device caused by the collision with the bow of a ship can be approximately simulated, and the anti-collision performance of the bridge anti-collision device under similar working conditions can be accurately evaluated. Based on the results of this test, a unified evaluation system for the anti-collision performance of the bridge anti-collision device can be established.

[0050] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the guide member 20 includes two columns, which are spaced apart on the base plate 10. Both ends of the slider 31 are provided with vertical sliding holes for the columns to pass through. The arc-shaped hammer head 32 is located between the two columns, in the middle of the lower end of the slider 31.

[0051] Specifically, the column has a circular cross-section, and the diameter of the sliding hole is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the column. The slider 31 is cuboid, with two sliding holes located at both ends of the slider 31 along its length, and the two sliding holes are located on the center line of the slider 31 along its length.

[0052] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the top of the slider 31 has a placement area for placing counterweights. By placing counterweights in the placement area to increase the collision energy of the arc-shaped hammer head 32, a high-energy collision test can be simulated to test the protective capability of the anti-collision device under extreme conditions.

[0053] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the force equalization plate 40 ensures that the specimen 100 is placed horizontally, and transmits the impact load on the specimen 100 to the force sensor 50 below. The force equalization plate 40 is a rectangular plate, and a limiting block 41 for positioning the specimen 100 is provided on the upper surface of the force equalization plate 40. The limiting block 41 is used to limit the position of the specimen 100 to ensure that the specimen 100 is located directly below the arc-shaped hammer head 32. The limiting block 41 is fixed to the force equalization plate 40 by bolts. The specimen 100 is symmetrically arranged in both the length and width directions of the force equalization plate 40.

[0054] Specimen 100 is located directly below the arc-shaped hammer head 32. Specimen 100 has a cubic structure, and its width is equal to the width of the arc-shaped hammer head 32. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the high-speed photography device 60 can record the falling displacement of the arc-shaped hammer head 32 during the collision process.

[0055] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the bridge collision avoidance test device includes two force sensors 50, which are spaced apart on the center line of the lower surface of the force equalization plate 40. This arrangement avoids the influence of eccentricity on the data collected by the force sensors 50. Specifically, the two force sensors 50 are spaced apart on the center line of the length direction of the lower surface of the force equalization plate 40, and the two force sensors 50 are symmetrical about the center line of the width direction of the lower surface of the force equalization plate 40.

[0056] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a level 70 is installed on the base plate 10. The level 70 can be a bubble level, which is simple in structure and low in cost.

[0057] By setting the level 70, the base plate 10 is placed horizontally, thereby ensuring that the specimen 100 is placed horizontally, and the impact load on the specimen 100 during the test is vertically transmitted to the force sensor 50 below.

[0058] In summary, using the bridge collision avoidance testing device provided in this application, combined with Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the specific experimental steps are as follows:

[0059] Specimen 100 fabrication: The width of specimen 100 is equal to the width of the arc-shaped hammer head 32;

[0060] Force sensor 50 installation: Install the force sensor 50 on the center line of the bottom surface of the force equalization plate 40 to avoid the influence of eccentricity on the collected data;

[0061] Placement of specimen 100: The force equalizing plate 40 is located directly below the arc-shaped hammer head 32 and is arranged horizontally. Specimen 100 is placed symmetrically on the force equalizing plate 40, and the position of specimen 100 is fixed by the limiting block 41.

[0062] Place the high-speed photography device 60: The high-speed photography device 60 is positioned directly in front of the specimen 100 and focused, recording the collision deformation of the specimen 100 and collecting the collision displacement data of the arc-shaped hammer head 32.

[0063] Parameter settings: Adjust the drop height of the counterweight and impact unit 30 according to the required working conditions;

[0064] Data acquisition and processing: After the impact unit 30 falls, the collision displacement-time curve of the arc hammer 32 is generated based on the displacement of the arc hammer 32 collected by the high-speed photography device 60; the load-time curve is collected based on the force sensor 50; by analyzing the displacement-time curve and load-time curve of the specimen 100, and in combination with the load-induced failure of the specimen 100, the protective performance of the bridge anti-collision device is comprehensively evaluated.

[0065] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0066] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A bridge collision avoidance testing device, characterized in that, include: Base plate; A guide member is provided perpendicular to the base plate, and the lower end of the guide member is fixed to the base plate; The impact unit includes a slider and an arc-shaped hammer head disposed at the lower end of the slider. The slider is slidably disposed on the guide member, and the lower surface of the arc-shaped hammer head is the same as the arc-shaped surface of the bow front end. A force equalizing plate is located below the impact unit and is parallel to the base plate. The upper surface of the force equalizing plate is used to place the specimen. A force sensor is disposed between the lower surface of the force equalization plate and the base plate, and the force sensor is used to collect load data during the collision process; A high-speed photography device is installed on one side of the specimen, and the high-speed photography device is used to collect deformation data of the specimen and displacement data of the arc-shaped hammer head.

2. The bridge collision avoidance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide includes two columns, which are spaced apart on the base plate. Both ends of the slider have vertical sliding holes for the columns to pass through. The arc-shaped hammer is located in the middle of the lower end of the slider.

3. The bridge collision avoidance testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slider is cuboid in shape, and the two sliding holes are located at both ends of the slider along its length, and the two sliding holes are located on the center line of the slider along its length.

4. The bridge collision avoidance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the slider has a placement area for placing counterweights.

5. The bridge collision avoidance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The force equalizing plate is rectangular, and a limiting block for positioning the specimen is provided on the upper surface of the force equalizing plate. The specimen is symmetrically arranged in both the length and width directions of the force equalizing plate.

6. The bridge collision avoidance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specimen is located directly below the arc-shaped hammer head. The specimen has a cubic structure and its width is equal to the width of the arc-shaped hammer head.

7. The bridge collision avoidance testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bridge collision avoidance test device includes two force sensors, which are spaced apart on the center line of the lower surface of the force equalization plate.

8. The bridge collision avoidance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A level is installed on the base plate.

9. The bridge collision avoidance testing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The level is a bubble level.

10. The bridge collision avoidance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-speed photography device includes a high-speed camera.

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