Novel leaching mining ore leaching mechanism research device
By designing a novel leaching mechanism research device for solution leaching mining, and combining electrochemical and data sensors, the problems of environmental pollution and low leaching efficiency in solution leaching mining have been solved, and efficient leaching reaction simulation and parameter optimization have been achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520195431.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing leaching mining processes suffer from environmental problems such as soil acidification, water pollution, and leaching blind zones. Furthermore, leaching efficiency is greatly affected by the degree of leaching chemical reaction and seepage patterns, and there is a lack of effective simulation and optimization methods.
A novel leaching mechanism research device for solution leaching mining was designed, comprising a reaction column, an electrochemical structure, data sensors, and an air intake system. It can simulate the solution leaching mining process, explore the leaching reaction mechanism, and test the electrochemical reaction of the ore body through an electrochemical workstation to collect various parameters to optimize the leaching system.
It enables accurate simulation and parameter optimization of the leaching reaction process, improves leaching efficiency, reduces environmental pollution, and provides a simple and highly accurate experimental method.
Smart Images
Figure CN223870640U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of leaching mining, and in particular to a device for studying the mechanism of in-situ leaching mining of ion-type rare earth, copper, and manganese ores. Technical Background
[0002] Leaching mining is divided into chemical leaching mining and microbial mining. Chemical leaching mining, based on the chemical properties of minerals, involves injecting leaching solutions into heterogeneous ore bodies or surface ore heaps under natural burial conditions to leach out and recover useful components. The leaching mining process and leaching efficiency are greatly affected by the degree of leaching chemical reactions and seepage patterns.
[0003] Based on different leaching processes and methods, chemical leaching mining can be divided into heap leaching, in-situ crushing leaching, in-situ leaching, and combined leaching. Heap leaching involves directly leaching low-grade ore and waste rock in the open pit; in-situ crushing leaching uses blasting or ground pressure to crush the ore in situ, and then leaches the crushed ore; in-situ leaching involves contacting the leaching solution in the ore layer with non-uniform ore that has not undergone any displacement to complete the chemical reaction; combined leaching uses two or more leaching methods to mine a single ore block.
[0004] Compared to traditional mining methods, solution leaching mining causes less damage to soil and vegetation, requires less infrastructure investment, has a shorter construction period, and lower production costs. However, it still faces challenges such as soil acidification, water pollution, and leaching blind spots. It is primarily suitable for ion-adsorption rare earth, uranium, copper, and manganese ores. For example, the in-situ leaching process for ion-adsorption rare earth ores promoted in southern China is hailed as a new type of green mining technology due to its low cost and minimal environmental pollution. Therefore, simulating the solution leaching mining process, exploring the leaching mechanism, and investigating the impact of different leaching conditions on leaching efficiency to obtain suitable mining process parameters are particularly important. Utility Model Content
[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a novel device for studying the leaching mechanism of solution leaching mining.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:
[0007] A novel leaching mining leaching mechanism research device includes a hollow reaction column with openings at the top and bottom. The reaction column is mounted on a support base. A silicone tube outlet is provided at the top opening of the reaction column. The bottom of the reaction column is connected to a funnel with a valve. A filter layer is provided in the lower part of the reaction column. A working electrode, a reference electrode, a control electrode, a pH sensor, an ion concentration sensor, and a temperature sensor are provided inside the reaction column. An air inlet is provided on the reaction column. One end of an air inlet needle is inserted into the air inlet. A sealing ring is provided between the air inlet needle and the air inlet.
[0008] The silicone hose is equipped with a flow meter and a throttle valve;
[0009] The working electrode, reference electrode, and control electrode are located above the filter layer and are all connected to the electrochemical workstation.
[0010] The temperature sensor, pH sensor, and ion concentration sensor are located below the filter layer;
[0011] A liquid collection bottle is provided below the funnel;
[0012] The side of the reaction column is provided with multiple sets of air inlets, each set of air inlets is located at a different height of the reaction column, and each set of air inlets is evenly distributed along the circumference of the reaction column.
[0013] Each group of air inlets is connected to each air inlet needle tube in the corresponding group. Each group of air inlet needle tubes is connected to the side of the air inlet hose in the corresponding group. One end of the air inlet hose is closed and the other end is connected to the gas pump. A gas flow meter is installed on the air inlet hose.
[0014] The reaction column, filter layer, and support base are all made of plexiglass.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:
[0016] (1) This utility model is a novel leaching mining mechanism research device. Through this device, the leaching mining process can be simulated, and the leaching reaction process and the optimization conditions of the leaching system can be explored.
[0017] (2) This utility model incorporates an air intake structure, taking the type and flow rate of the introduced gas as conditions affecting the mechanism study. The gas is uniformly introduced into the reaction column, firstly to change the pH value of the reaction solution; secondly, the introduction of gas can increase the fluidity of the liquid, expand the contact area of the solid-liquid reaction, and make the reaction more complete.
[0018] (3) This utility model incorporates an electrochemical structure, connecting three electrodes into the interior of the ore body. When the ore body and the leaching solution come into contact and react, the electrochemical reaction inside the ore body is tested by an electrochemical workstation, thereby exploring the leaching mechanism.
[0019] (4) This utility model incorporates a data sensing structure. The operation of this utility model is simple, fast and has high simulation accuracy. It can simultaneously collect parameters such as leaching liquid flow rate, leaching system temperature, pH value and gas flow rate to explore the influence of different mining conditions on leaching efficiency and achieve the optimization of the best conditions of the leaching system. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0021] In the diagram: 1-Silicone tubing, 2-Flow meter, 3-Throttle valve, 4-Liquid inlet, 5-Reaction column, 6-Gas inlet, 7-Filter layer, 8-Support base, 9-Gas pump, 10-Gas inlet tubing, 11-Gas inlet needle, 12-Gas flow meter, 13-Function funnel, 14-Collection bottle, 15-Electrochemical workstation, 16-Three electrodes, 17-Temperature sensor, 18-pH sensor, 19-Ion concentration sensor, 20-Data processor. Detailed Implementation
[0022] To facilitate understanding and implementation of this utility model by those skilled in the art, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.
[0023] Example 1:
[0024] like Figure 1 A novel leaching mining mechanism research device includes a hollow reaction column 5, with a gasket installed on the reaction column 5 and secured to the opening at the top of a support base 8. The reaction column 5 is supported by the support base 8. The reaction column 5 has openings at the top and bottom. A silicone hose 1 is installed at the top opening of the reaction column 5, through which the leaching solution flows into the interior of the reaction column 5. The bottom opening of the reaction column 5 is connected to the opening of a funnel 13. A valve is installed at the neck of the funnel 13 to ensure that the leaching solution does not flow out during the experiment. The reaction column 5 is equipped with a three-electrode system 16 (working electrode, reference electrode, and control electrode), a pH sensor 18, an ion concentration sensor 19, and a temperature sensor 17. An air inlet 6 is provided on the reaction column 5. One end of an air inlet needle 11 is inserted into the air inlet 6, and a sealing ring is installed between the air inlet needle 11 and the air inlet 6 to ensure that the air inlet 6 does not leak after the air inlet needle 11 is inserted.
[0025] The silicone hose 1 is equipped with a flow meter 2 and a throttle valve 3. The flow rate of the leaching solution can be controlled by adjusting the valve opening size of the throttle valve 3.
[0026] The three electrodes 16 are located above the filter layer 7 and are all connected to the electrochemical workstation 15.
[0027] Temperature sensor 17, pH sensor 18 and ion concentration sensor 19 are located below filter layer 7 to measure the filtered leaching solution, resulting in more accurate data.
[0028] A collection bottle 14 is set below the funnel 13. After the experiment is completed, the valve on the funnel 13 is opened, and the leaching solution flows into the collection bottle 14, thus completing the recovery of the leaching solution.
[0029] To ensure uniform and sufficient air intake in the reaction column 5, multiple sets of air intake holes 6 are provided on the side of the reaction column 5. Each set of air intake holes 6 is located at a different height of the reaction column 5, and each set of air intake holes 6 is evenly distributed around the circumference of the reaction column 5. In this embodiment, there are 3 sets of air intake holes 6.
[0030] Each group of air inlets 6 is connected one-to-one with each air inlet needle tube 11 of the corresponding group. Each group of air inlet needle tubes 11 is connected to the side of the corresponding group of air inlet hoses 10. One end of the air inlet hose 10 is closed, and the other end is connected to the gas pump 9. A gas flow meter 12 is installed on the air inlet hose 10. In this embodiment, there are three air inlet hoses 10.
[0031] Temperature sensor 17, pH sensor 18, ion concentration sensor 19, flow meter 2 and gas flow meter 12 are all connected to data processor 20 to acquire experimental parameters.
[0032] The reaction column 5, filter layer 7 and support base 8 are made of plexiglass. Plexiglass has excellent properties such as corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, which can fully ensure the stability of the leaching reaction environment. The transparency of plexiglass is conducive to experimental observation.
[0033] When using it, conduct a solution leaching mining test according to the following steps:
[0034] Step 1: Prepare raw materials and reagents for mechanism study. Load the screened raw ore into the top opening of reaction column 5, with the loading height not exceeding two-thirds of the reaction column 5. Prepare leaching solution with set concentration and pH value.
[0035] Step 2: First, close the valve on funnel 13. Then, inject the leaching solution into the inlet end 4 of the silicone hose 1. Next, open the throttle valve 3 and the flow meter 2. The leaching solution flows into the reaction column 5, and the ore body reacts with the leaching solution. The leaching solution flows into funnel 13 through the filter layer 7. When the leaching solution fills the space below the filter layer 7 in the reaction column 5, stop the injection. Then, open the valve on funnel 13, and the leaching solution flows into the collection bottle 14, successfully collecting the solution. The data processor 20 has collected the inlet flow rate, reaction temperature, leaching solution pH value, and leaching solution ion concentration of this experiment through the flow meter 2, temperature sensor 17, pH sensor 18, and ion concentration sensor 19. The collected leaching solution is then detected by ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer) to obtain the rare earth leaching rate. The experimental parameters can be adjusted by introducing leaching solutions with different pH values and setting different influent rates. Through multiple experiments, the leaching solutions recovered from each experiment were detected by ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer) to obtain multiple sets of rare earth leaching rate data. By comparing different rare earth leaching rate data, the optimal rare earth leaching rate was obtained, along with the influent rate and pH value of the leaching solution at the optimal rare earth leaching rate, i.e., the optimal influent flow rate and the optimal leaching solution pH value.
[0036] Step 3: Set the optimal inlet flow rate and the optimal pH value of the leaching solution.
[0037] After the ore body comes into contact with the leaching solution, the electrochemical workstation 15 is turned on. Since the three electrodes 16 are set in the cavity of the reaction column 5 and are in full contact with the raw ore and the leaching solution, the electrochemical workstation 15 can test the electrochemical reactions during the leaching process and display the reaction data and corresponding spectra. When the leaching solution fills the space below the filter layer 7 in the reaction column 5, the injection is stopped. Then, the valve on the funnel 13 is opened to recover the leaching solution and collect the rare earth leaching rate to obtain the effect of the electrochemical reaction data on the rare earth leaching rate.
[0038] Step 4: Set the same experimental conditions as in Step 3, and simultaneously add the aeration process. Turn on the gas pump 9 to inject gas into the reaction column 5. Maintain the set gas flow rate. After successful liquid collection, record the liquid inlet flow rate, reaction temperature, pH value of the leaching solution, and ion concentration of the leaching solution in this step, and then collect the rare earth leaching rate.
[0039] Step 5: Set the same experimental conditions as in Step 4, inject different gases, record the influent flow rate, reaction temperature, pH value of the leaching solution and ion concentration of the leaching solution, collect the rare earth leaching rate, and finally compare the changes in rare earth leaching rate with and without gas, as well as the changes in rare earth leaching rate with different gases, to obtain the effect of introducing different gases on the leaching effect.
[0040] In experiments, this invention allows for simultaneous adjustment of the liquid inlet flow rate, the gas flow rate, and the current of the electrochemical workstation 15. By comparing data recorded from multiple experiments, the optimal leaching reaction system conditions can be obtained.
[0041] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples of the principles of this utility model. Those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains may make corresponding modifications to the described specific embodiments, but they shall not deviate from the principles of this utility model or the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A novel leaching mining ore leaching mechanism research device, comprising a hollow reaction column (5), characterized in that, The reaction column (5) has openings at the top and bottom. The reaction column (5) is set on the support base (8). The top opening of the reaction column (5) is provided with the liquid outlet of the silicone tube (1). The bottom of the reaction column (5) is connected to the funnel (13) with a valve. The lower part of the inside of the reaction column (5) is provided with a filter layer (7). The reaction column (5) is provided with a working electrode, a reference electrode, a control electrode, a pH sensor (18), an ion concentration sensor (19), and a temperature sensor (17). The reaction column (5) has an air inlet (6). One end of the air inlet needle (11) is inserted into the air inlet (6). A sealing ring is provided between the air inlet needle (11) and the air inlet (6).
2. The novel leaching mining leaching mechanism research device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silicone hose (1) is equipped with a flow meter (2) and a throttle valve (3).
3. The novel leaching mining leaching mechanism research device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working electrode, reference electrode and control electrode are located above the filter layer (7) and are all connected to the electrochemical workstation (15).
4. The novel leaching mining leaching mechanism research device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature sensor (17), pH sensor (18) and ion concentration sensor (19) are located below the filter layer (7).
5. The novel leaching mining leaching mechanism research device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A collection bottle (14) is provided below the funnel (13).
6. The novel leaching mining leaching mechanism research device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction column (5) is provided with multiple sets of air inlets (6) on its side. Each set of air inlets (6) is located at a different height of the reaction column (5), and each set of air inlets (6) is evenly distributed along the circumference of the reaction column (5).
7. The novel leaching mining leaching mechanism research device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each group of air inlets (6) is connected to each air inlet needle (11) of the corresponding group. Each group of air inlet needles (11) is connected to the side of the air inlet hose (10) of the corresponding group. One end of the air inlet hose (10) is closed, and the other end is connected to the gas pump (9). A gas flow meter (12) is installed on the air inlet hose (10).
8. The novel leaching mining leaching mechanism research device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction column (5), filter layer (7) and support base (8) are all made of plexiglass.