Heat transfer piece and high-capacity battery

Abstract

The utility model provides a heat transfer piece and a high-capacity battery, which mainly realize reliable insulation and heat exchange between a heat transfer tube and a polar terminal of the battery. The heat transfer piece comprises a heat transfer pipe and an insulation structure arranged on the heat transfer pipe, and the insulation structure comprises a second insulation layer; the second insulating layer comprises a supporting structure and a heat-conducting insulating material, the supporting structure is made of the insulating material and arranged on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube, and at least one filling space is formed in the supporting structure; and the at least one filling space is filled with the heat-conducting insulating material. The second insulating layer is made of an insulating material, reliable insulation between the heat transfer tube and the single battery polarity terminal is achieved, meanwhile, the second insulating layer is provided with a filling space, the filling space is filled with a heat conduction insulating material, the heat conduction effect between the heat transfer tube and the single battery polarity terminal can be improved, and the service life of the heat transfer tube is prolonged. Therefore, the heat transfer piece not only can ensure reliable insulation performance, but also has excellent heat exchange performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of battery temperature control, specifically relating to a heat transfer component and a large-capacity battery. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the further development of lithium-ion batteries, their safe use has also attracted attention. Due to the principle and structural characteristics of lithium-ion batteries, a large amount of heat is generated during charging and discharging, and this heat gradually increases. If the generated heat cannot be effectively released, it will accumulate in the battery, causing uneven battery temperature, thereby reducing battery life. In severe cases, the battery's thermal balance is disrupted, leading to battery safety accidents.

[0003] Research has shown that the temperature at the battery's polarity terminals is the highest during charging and discharging. Managing the heat at these terminals can effectively dissipate heat and achieve efficient temperature control. Currently, one method to manage this heat is to add heat transfer pipes to the terminals. These pipes conduct the heat away from the terminals, thus achieving effective temperature control. Reliable insulation and heat exchange between the heat transfer pipes and the battery terminals are essential during this process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve reliable insulation and heat exchange between the heat transfer tube and the battery polarity terminals, this utility model provides a heat transfer element and a large-capacity battery.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0006] This utility model provides a heat transfer component, which includes a heat transfer tube and an insulating structure disposed on the heat transfer tube. The insulating structure includes a second insulating layer. The second insulating layer includes a support structure and a thermally conductive insulating material. The support structure is made of insulating material and is disposed on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube. The support structure has at least one filling space. The thermally conductive insulating material fills the at least one filling space.

[0007] Furthermore, the supporting structure is a sleeve structure, and the filling space is a hollow structure provided on the sleeve wall, with thermally conductive and insulating material filling the hollow structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the support structure is a plastic sleeve with multiple openings in its wall, and the wall thickness of the plastic sleeve is 0.1mm to 1mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the openings are located in the area where the plastic sleeve overlaps with the polarity terminal of the individual battery, and the size of each opening is 2mm to 5mm, with a distance of 0.3mm to 2mm between each opening.

[0010] Furthermore, the support structure is a heat-shrinkable plastic sleeve, which is formed on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube by heat shrinking. The material of the heat-shrinkable sleeve is FEP.

[0011] Furthermore, the support structure includes multiple insulating support rings, which are sequentially fitted onto the outer wall of the heat transfer tube along the axial direction. The filling space is an annular radial gap formed between adjacent insulating support rings, and thermally conductive insulating material is filled in the annular gap.

[0012] Furthermore, the thermally conductive insulating material is thermally conductive silicone grease.

[0013] Furthermore, the insulation structure also includes a first insulation layer disposed on the second insulation layer, wherein the first insulation layer is a flexible insulation layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the insulation structure also includes a third insulation layer attached to the outer wall of the heat transfer tube, with the second insulation layer disposed on the third insulation layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the heat transfer tube is a U-shaped heat transfer tube, including a first tube, a second tube, and a connecting tube; the first tube is used for heat exchange with the positive terminal of each individual battery cell; the second tube is used for heat exchange with the negative terminal of each individual battery cell; the connecting tube is a flexible insulating tube, and both ends of the connecting tube are respectively connected to the ports of the first tube and the second tube located on the same side, and the insulating structure is provided on the first tube and the second tube.

[0016] This utility model also provides a large-capacity battery, which includes multiple individual cells arranged in sequence. The heat transfer element is fixed on the clamping part of the polarity terminal of each individual cell. The clamping part is a through groove or through hole opened on the polarity terminal of each individual cell.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a housing; multiple individual cells are arranged in the same direction in the inner cavity of the housing; the housing has at least one shared chamber, the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected to the inner cavity of all individual cells; a clearance hole is provided on the top plate of the housing corresponding to the polarity terminal of each individual cell; the polarity terminal of each individual cell extends out of the clearance hole, the area of ​​the top plate of the housing corresponding to the clearance hole is fixedly sealed with the individual cell housing, and a clamping part is provided at the part of the polarity terminal of each individual cell extending out of the clearance hole.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. This utility model provides an insulating structure on the heat transfer tube. The insulating structure includes a second insulating layer on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube. This second insulating layer includes a support structure and a thermally conductive insulating material. The support structure is made of insulating material and has a filling space. The second insulating layer fills the filling space with thermally conductive insulating material to improve the heat conduction effect between the heat transfer tube and the polarity terminal of the individual battery. Simultaneously, the support structure also supports, positions, and fixes the thermally conductive insulating material, increasing its resistance to deformation. Under the support of the support structure, the thermally conductive insulating material will not shift or misalign, reliably adhering to the outer wall of the heat transfer tube, protecting the heat transfer tube and maintaining reliable insulation. This prevents the thermally conductive insulating material from shifting or deforming during installation, thus avoiding insulation problems caused by direct contact between the heat transfer tube and the polarity terminal. Finally, the insulating structure formed by the support structure and the thermally conductive insulating material achieves reliable insulation between the heat transfer tube and the polarity terminal of the individual battery, ensuring both excellent heat transfer performance and reliable insulation performance in this heat transfer component.

[0020] 2. In the heat transfer component of this utility model, the supporting structure is a sleeve structure, and the filling space is a hollow structure provided on the sleeve wall. This type of supporting structure is easy to manufacture and has better supporting strength and insulation performance. At the same time, this supporting structure can also protect the heat transfer tube. During installation and other processes, if the thermally conductive insulating material is squeezed or scratched, it will prevent the heat transfer tube from directly contacting the polarity terminal and causing insulation problems.

[0021] 3. In the heat transfer component of this utility model, the supporting structure is a plastic sleeve with multiple openings in its wall. The plastic sleeve has reliable insulation performance and is also convenient for making the corresponding openings. At the same time, the wall thickness of the plastic sleeve is 0.1mm to 1mm, and the plastic sleeve with this thickness has reliable insulation performance and excellent thermal conductivity.

[0022] 4. In the heat transfer component of this utility model, the diameter of each opening is 2mm to 5mm, and the distance between each opening is 0.3mm to 2mm. This setting of the opening size and the opening spacing can ensure insulation and heat exchange performance, while also improving the support strength and deformation resistance of the plastic sleeve, and facilitating the filling of thermally conductive insulating material.

[0023] 5. In the heat transfer component of this utility model, the heat-shrinkable plastic sleeve is fitted onto the outer wall of the heat transfer tube by heat shrinking, so that there is no heat conduction gap between the plastic sleeve and the outer wall of the heat transfer tube, resulting in better heat conduction.

[0024] 6. In the heat transfer component of this utility model, the insulation structure further includes a first insulation layer disposed on the second insulation layer. The first insulation layer is a flexible insulation layer. The multi-layer insulation achieves reliable insulation between the heat transfer tube and the polarity terminal of the individual battery. Simultaneously, the first insulation layer is a flexible insulation layer. Due to its flexibility and elastic deformation capability, it also has functions such as buffering, shock absorption, and compensating for assembly tolerances. Installing it between the heat transfer tube and the polarity terminal of the individual battery can protect both the heat transfer tube and the polarity terminal. Furthermore, during the installation or use of the flexible insulation layer, there may be a risk of damage due to compression. In this case, the second insulation layer can protect and support the flexible insulation layer, improving the reliability of the flexible insulation layer during installation and use.

[0025] 7. In the heat transfer component of this utility model, the insulation structure further includes a third insulating layer attached to the outer wall of the heat transfer tube, resulting in a multi-layered insulation structure on the heat transfer tube. This multi-layered insulation ensures that even if one of the heat transfer tubes fails during heat exchange with the individual battery, reliable insulation performance can still be maintained between the heat transfer tube and the individual battery, thereby improving the safety of the individual battery during use. Simultaneously, the arrangement of this third insulating layer ensures both insulation and heat exchange performance of the heat transfer tube.

[0026] 8. In the heat transfer component of this utility model, the heat transfer tube is a spliced ​​pipeline assembled from a first tube, a second tube, and a connecting tube. This spliced ​​pipeline structure facilitates installation and improves the ease of heat transfer tube assembly. Furthermore, in this spliced ​​pipeline, the connecting tube can be a flexible insulating tube, which can achieve insulation between the first tube and the second tube, further improving the insulation performance of the heat transfer tube.

[0027] 9. This utility model provides a high-capacity battery comprising multiple individual cells, with heat transfer tubes installed on the polarity terminals of each individual cell, thereby improving the reliability of the high-capacity battery during operation. Simultaneously, the insulation structure on the heat transfer tubes ensures reliable insulation performance and excellent heat exchange capacity during heat exchange between each individual cell and the heat transfer tubes.

[0028] 10. In the large-capacity battery of this utility model, a clamping part is provided at the polar terminal of each individual cell. The heat transfer tube is fixed by the clamping part, so that the heat transfer tube is in direct contact with the polar terminal of the individual cell. The heat of the polar terminal with the most concentrated heat is conducted to the outside for treatment. This heat dissipation method realizes balanced heat dissipation at the top of the large-capacity battery, especially at the polar terminal, and avoids performance and safety problems caused by excessively high or low temperature of the large-capacity battery.

[0029] Other advantages, objectives and features of this invention will be partly apparent from the following description, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat transfer tube with a second insulating layer in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat transfer element (with a first insulating layer) in Embodiment 1 of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat transfer element (with a first insulating layer) in Embodiment 1 of this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the heat transfer component in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat transfer element (two-section spliced ​​heat transfer tube) in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the heat transfer component in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the heat transfer element in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the large-capacity battery (with terminal adapter) in Embodiment 4 of this utility model;

[0041] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery (with terminal adapter) with a heat transfer component installed in Embodiment 4 of this utility model;

[0042] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat transfer component installed in the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 4 of this utility model;

[0043] Figure 13This is a schematic diagram of the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 4 of this utility model, which has an insulating sealant layer and an insulating protective cover.

[0044] Reference numerals: 1-Heat transfer element, 2-Single cell, 3-Shell, 4-Sealing connector, 5-Insulating sealant layer, 6-Insulating protective cover, 7-Electrical connector, 11-Heat transfer tube, 12-Insulating structure, 111-First tube, 112-Second tube, 113-Connecting tube, 114-First tube segment, 115-Second tube segment, 116-Connector, 121-First insulating layer, 122-Second insulating layer, 123-Third insulating layer, 124-Fourth insulating layer, 125-Thermal conductive insulating material, 21-Polar terminal, 211-Clamping part, 31-Electrolyte sharing chamber, 32-Gas sharing chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0046] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0047] The phrase "other embodiments" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that excludes other embodiments. In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0048] In this specification, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can refer to a direct connection, an indirect connection via an intermediate component, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0049] Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0050] During battery charging and discharging, a large amount of heat is generated. If the battery is not cooled in time, its performance will deteriorate. Currently, heat transfer pipes are generally used to exchange heat with the battery to control its temperature. These heat transfer pipes can be heat pipes containing a phase change medium, which handles the heat generated by the battery by changing the state of the phase change medium. Alternatively, they can be liquid-cooled pipes containing a heat exchange medium, which achieves heat exchange with individual battery cells by heating or cooling the medium. When the heat transfer pipe contacts the polarity terminals of the individual battery cells for heat exchange, it is necessary to consider not only insulation and heat exchange performance but also manufacturing processes, maintenance operability, and assemblability. Currently, a layer of plastic is coated onto the heat transfer pipe to achieve insulation between the heat transfer pipe and the polarity terminals of the individual battery. However, the poor thermal conductivity of plastic results in low heat exchange efficiency.

[0051] This invention provides a heat transfer component, comprising a heat transfer tube and an insulating structure disposed on the heat transfer tube. The insulating structure includes a second insulating layer disposed on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube. The second insulating layer includes a support structure and a thermally conductive insulating material. The support structure, made of the insulating material, is disposed on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube and has a filling space, in which the thermally conductive insulating material is filled. The thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive insulating material is superior to that of the support structure, i.e., the thermal conductivity coefficient of the thermally conductive insulating material is greater than that of the support structure. Therefore, filling the filling space with thermally conductive insulating material improves the heat transfer effect between the heat transfer tube and the polarity terminal of the individual battery. Simultaneously, the support structure, made of insulating material, and the insulating structure formed by the support structure and the thermally conductive insulating material ensure reliable insulation between the heat transfer tube and the polarity terminal of the individual battery, enabling the heat transfer component to possess both excellent heat transfer performance and reliable insulation performance.

[0052] The second insulation layer mentioned above is crucial in that the support structure can also support, position, and fix the thermally conductive insulating material, increasing its resistance to deformation. Under the support of the support structure, the thermally conductive insulating material will not shift or misalign, and can reliably adhere to the outer wall of the heat transfer tube, protecting the heat transfer tube and maintaining reliable insulation. This prevents the thermally conductive insulating material from shifting or deforming during the installation process, which could cause insulation problems due to direct contact between the heat transfer tube and the polarity terminal.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a heat transfer component 1, which includes a heat transfer tube 11 and an insulating structure 12 disposed on the heat transfer tube 11. The second insulating layer 122 includes a support structure and a thermally conductive insulating material 125. The support structure is made of insulating material and is disposed on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11. The support structure is provided with at least one filling space, and the thermally conductive insulating material is filled in the at least one filling space.

[0055] The aforementioned heat transfer pipe 11 is a pipe with heat exchange function, mainly in contact with the polar terminals 21 of each individual battery 2, and exchanges heat with the polar terminals 21 of the individual battery 2 in the large-capacity battery. The cross-sectional shape of the heat transfer pipe 11 is not required, as long as it can contact the polar terminals 21 of the individual battery 2 for heat exchange; for example, a square pipe, an elliptical pipe, or a round pipe can be used. In this embodiment, the heat transfer pipe 11 is preferably a round pipe, as round pipes are easy to install and can be made of metal, resulting in relatively low cost.

[0056] In this embodiment, the heat transfer tube 11 is specifically made of a metal tube with good thermal conductivity, such as an aluminum tube or a copper tube. Preferably, the heat transfer tube 11 is made of aluminum tube, which has good heat conduction effect and relatively low cost. Ideally, it is a circular aluminum tube, which is an aluminum extrusion and easy to manufacture. Simultaneously, a functional structure to increase the heat exchange area can be provided on the inner wall of the heat transfer tube. This functional structure can specifically be annular protrusions, heat dissipation teeth, dotted protrusions, etc., which can increase the heat exchange area between the heat transfer tube 11 and the heat exchange medium, thereby improving heat exchange performance.

[0057] To ensure effective heat transfer, the thinner the aluminum tube wall, the better. However, if the aluminum tube wall is too thin, it becomes relatively soft and prone to bending and breakage during installation. Therefore, in this embodiment, the aluminum tube wall thickness is preferably 0.5mm to 1mm. This wall thickness ensures good heat transfer performance while maintaining reliable installation, avoiding the risk of bending and damage that occurs with thinner walls. In practical applications, the diameter of the heat transfer tube 11 is generally around 10mm to 20mm.

[0058] When the heat transfer tube 11 exchanges heat with the polarity terminals 21 of each individual cell 2 in the large-capacity battery, the following structure can be used in its fabrication:

[0059] First, the heat transfer tube 11 includes two independent metal tubes, each with an insulating structure 12. The two metal tubes are respectively fixed to the positive and negative terminals in the large-capacity battery, and exchange heat with the positive and negative terminals of each individual battery 2.

[0060] Second, such as Figure 9As shown, the heat transfer tube 11 is a U-shaped heat transfer tube, which is made of a whole tube by bending the entire aluminum tube into a U-shaped tube. The two straight tubes of the U-shaped tube are provided with an insulating structure 12, and the two straight tubes of the U-shaped tube are respectively fixed to the positive terminal and negative terminal of each single cell 2 in the large-capacity battery.

[0061] Third, such as Figure 6 As shown, the heat transfer tube 11 is a U-shaped heat transfer tube and is a spliced ​​pipeline, mainly including an L-shaped first tube section 114 and a second tube section 115; the relatively longer tube sections of the first tube section 114 and the second tube section 115 are provided with an insulating structure 12. The first tube section 114 is fixed to the positive terminal of each individual cell 2; the second tube section 115 is fixed to the negative terminal of each individual cell 2. The relatively shorter tube sections of the first tube section 114 and the second tube section 115 are connected by a connector 116. The connector 116 can be an insulating connector to further increase the insulation performance of the heat transfer tube 11.

[0062] Fourth, such as Figure 5 As shown, the heat transfer tube 11 is a U-shaped heat transfer tube and is a spliced ​​pipeline, mainly including a first tube 111, a second tube 112 and a connecting tube 113; the first tube 111 is fixed on the positive terminal of each individual cell 2; the second tube 112 is fixed on the negative terminal of each individual cell 2, and the two ends of the connecting tube 113 are respectively connected to the ports of the first tube 111 and the second tube 112 located on the same side. The first tube 111 and the second tube 112 are provided with an insulating structure 12.

[0063] Among the heat transfer tubes 11 with the above-described structure, the fourth type of spliced ​​heat transfer tube 11 is relatively better. This spliced ​​pipe structure is easy to install and improves the ease of assembly of the heat transfer tube 11. At the same time, the connecting pipe 113 in this spliced ​​pipe can be a flexible insulating pipe, which can realize the insulation between the first pipe 111 and the second pipe 112, further increasing the insulation performance of the heat transfer tube 11.

[0064] When the insulation structure 12 is provided on the heat transfer tube 11, it can be provided only on the side wall of the heat transfer tube 11 where it contacts the polarity terminal 21 of the single cell 2, or it can be provided on the entire outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11. To facilitate the provision of the insulation structure and further ensure insulation, it is relatively better to provide the insulation structure on the entire outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11.

[0065] The insulation structure in this embodiment includes a second insulation layer, which comprises a support structure and a thermally conductive insulating material 125. The support structure is made of the insulating material and has at least one filling space. The thermally conductive insulating material fills the at least one filling space. The support structure can be implemented using various structures, as long as it meets at least the following requirements: the support structure can form a gap between the outer wall of the heat transfer tube and the polarity terminal, preventing direct contact between the outer wall of the heat transfer tube and the polarity terminal of the individual battery. Simultaneously, the support structure supports and positions the thermally conductive insulating material 125, preventing displacement or misalignment of the thermally conductive insulating material. The second insulation layer formed by the support structure and the thermally conductive insulating material enables reliable insulation between the heat transfer tube and the polarity terminal of the individual battery, ensuring both excellent heat exchange performance and reliable insulation performance in the heat transfer component.

[0066] The aforementioned support structure can be a tubular structure with a perforated structure to fill with thermally conductive and insulating material; or, the support structure can be a support mesh structure with thermally conductive and insulating material filling the mesh openings; or, the support structure can be a spiral structure with thermally conductive and insulating material filling the gaps in the spiral structure; or, the support structure can be a modular component with gaps or openings formed between adjacent modular components to fill with thermally conductive and insulating material. The support structure can be specifically implemented through the following structures.

[0067] First, the support structure includes multiple insulating support rings, each of which is sequentially fitted onto the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11 along the axial direction. The filling space is an annular radial gap formed between adjacent insulating support rings, and thermally conductive insulating material is filled in the annular gap.

[0068] Second, the support structure includes multiple insulating support strips, each insulating support strip extends axially along the outer wall of the heat transfer tube, and the multiple insulating support strips are evenly distributed circumferentially along the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11. The filling space is a strip-shaped gap formed between adjacent insulating support strips, and thermally conductive insulating material is filled in the strip gap.

[0069] Third, the support structure is a spiral structure, which is fitted on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11. The filling space is the spiral gap on the spiral support frame, and the thermally conductive and insulating material is filled in the spiral gap.

[0070] Fourth, the supporting structure is a sleeve structure, and the filling space is a hollow structure on the sleeve wall, which is filled with thermally conductive and insulating material; the hollow structure can be multiple openings formed on the sleeve wall.

[0071] Compared to the first, second, and third types of support structures, the fourth type of support structure is easier to install and has more reliable support and insulation. The following description of the second insulation layer will take the sleeve structure as an example.

[0072] like Figure 5 and Figure 1 As shown, the support structure in this embodiment can be manufactured as a sleeve structure. This sleeve structure can be a circular sleeve, a U-shaped sleeve, or a C-shaped sleeve. The specific shape is related to the shape of the metal tube and the shape of the area where the metal tube contacts the polar terminal of the individual battery. Simply attach the support structure tightly to the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11 to achieve insulation and heat conduction.

[0073] Theoretically, the thinner the thickness of the second insulating layer 122, the better its thermal conductivity. However, while ensuring its thermal conductivity, it is also necessary to ensure its insulation performance. After balancing thermal conductivity and insulation performance, the thickness of the second insulating layer 122 in this embodiment is preferably 0.1mm to 1mm, and most preferably about 0.1mm to 0.2mm. This thickness can ensure good thermal conductivity while ensuring excellent insulation performance.

[0074] In this embodiment, the sleeve structure is made of insulating material. Specifically, the sleeve structure can be made of thin-walled plastic sleeve, preferably heat-shrinkable plastic sleeve, such as PTFE heat-shrinkable sleeve. When using heat-shrinkable plastic sleeve, the hole is made first, and then heat-shrinkable. That is, the hole is first made in the heat-shrinkable plastic sleeve, and then it is fitted onto the outer wall of the heat transfer tube by heat shrinking, so that there is no heat conduction gap between the plastic sleeve and the outer wall of the heat transfer tube, resulting in better heat conduction. The material of the heat-shrinkable plastic sleeve can be wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant, and insulating materials such as FEP, PEK, PTFE, PVDF, and PVC. Preferably, the material of the heat-shrinkable sleeve is FEP. At the same time, the wall thickness of the heat-shrinkable plastic sleeve is 0.1mm to 0.5mm, preferably 0.1mm to 0.2mm, and the shrinkage rate of the heat-shrinkable plastic sleeve is 1.2% to 1.5%, with 1.3% being optimal.

[0075] In other methods, the sleeve structure can also be installed on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube through thermal spraying, injection molding, etc. When the sleeve structure is formed by thermal spraying, the thickness of the sleeve structure is about 0.1mm to 0.2mm, and when the sleeve structure is formed by injection molding, the thickness of the sleeve structure is about 0.5mm to 1mm. When forming the support structure through thermal spraying, injection molding, etc., the insulating material is first attached to the metal tube by thermal spraying or injection molding, and then perforations are processed in the plastic layer formed by thermal spraying or injection molding to form a porous structure.

[0076] In this embodiment, the sleeve structure is a plastic sleeve with multiple openings in its wall. Specifically, the openings on the plastic sleeve are hollow holes or grooves, and their shape is not limited; they can be round, square, strip-shaped, triangular, or hexagonal, or even spiral-shaped. During processing, openings can be provided throughout the entire area of ​​the plastic sleeve, or only in certain areas. In this embodiment, multiple openings are provided in the area where the plastic sleeve contacts the polarity terminals 21 of each individual battery 2. This arrangement not only enables good heat exchange between the heat transfer tube 11 and the polarity terminals 21 of each individual battery 2, but also improves the insulation reliability and strength of the support structure.

[0077] When multiple openings are machined on the plastic sleeve, these openings can be arranged as a group along the axial direction of the plastic sleeve, or as a group along the circumference of the plastic sleeve. Specifically, adjacent groups of openings can be staggered to ensure both thermal conductivity and the strength of the plastic sleeve. The preferred size of each opening is 2mm to 5mm, with an optimal size of 2mm to 3mm, and the distance between each opening is 0.3mm to 2mm. This arrangement further enhances the heat exchange effect of the heat transfer element 1 while ensuring the insulation of the supporting structure.

[0078] The opening of the aforementioned sleeve structure is filled with thermally conductive insulating material 125. The filling thickness of the thermally conductive insulating material 125 is less than or equal to the depth of the opening on the sleeve structure. That is, after the thermally conductive insulating material 125 is filled into the opening of the support structure, it should preferably not protrude from the sleeve structure so that no installation gap will be generated when it comes into contact with the polarity terminal of the individual battery, thereby ensuring the heat transfer effect.

[0079] The aforementioned thermally conductive insulating material 125 is a paste or adhesive material with excellent thermal conductivity and insulation properties. In this embodiment, the thermally conductive insulating material 125 is thermally conductive silicone grease. Thermally conductive silicone grease has both excellent electrical insulation and excellent thermal conductivity, and can be used for a long time at temperatures ranging from -50℃ to +230℃, making it an excellent interstitial thermally conductive medium. Simultaneously, this thermally conductive silicone grease also has certain adhesive properties, fixing the second insulating layer 122 to the heat transfer tube 11 and preventing problems caused by misalignment or detachment of the support structure after installation.

[0080] Since the aforementioned thermally conductive insulating material 125 is a paste or adhesive material that is easily deformed, it may experience displacement or compression deformation when attached to the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11. In this embodiment, it is filled in the filling space of the support structure. The support structure supports, positions, and fixes the thermally conductive insulating material, increasing its resistance to deformation. Under the support of the support structure, the thermally conductive insulating material will not shift or misalign, and can reliably adhere to the outer wall of the heat transfer tube, protecting the heat transfer tube and maintaining reliable insulation. This prevents the thermally conductive insulating material from shifting or deforming during the installation process, which could cause the heat transfer tube to directly contact the polarity terminal and cause insulation problems.

[0081] Based on the above structure, the insulation structure 12 in this embodiment may further include a first insulating layer 121, which is a flexible insulating layer. During installation, the second insulating layer 122 and the first insulating layer 121 are sequentially disposed on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11 from the inside to the outside. That is, the second insulating layer 122 is disposed on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11, and the first insulating layer 121 is disposed on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube with the second insulating layer 122. This insulation structure 12 can maintain reliable insulation performance when the heat transfer tube 11 contacts the polar terminals 21 of each individual cell 2 in the large-capacity battery for heat exchange, thereby improving the safety of each individual cell 2 during use.

[0082] When the second insulating layer 122 and the first insulating layer 121 are provided on the heat transfer tube 11, they can be provided only on the side wall of the heat transfer tube 11 where it contacts the polarity terminal 21 of the single cell 2, or they can be provided on the entire outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11. The following description uses the heat transfer tube 11 as a circular tube to illustrate the arrangement of the insulating structure 12:

[0083] First, the insulating structure 12 provided on the side wall of the heat transfer tube 11 that contacts the polarity terminal 21 of the single cell 2 may include the following methods:

[0084] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the second insulating layer 122 is provided on the outer wall area of ​​the entire heat transfer tube 11, and the first insulating layer 121 is provided in the area where the heat transfer tube 11 contacts the polar terminal 21 of the single cell 2.

[0085] The second insulating layer 122 is provided only in the area where the heat transfer tube 11 contacts the polar terminal 21 of the single cell 2, and the first insulating layer 121 is provided on the entire outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11.

[0086] The second insulating layer 122 and the first insulating layer 121 are provided only in the area where the heat transfer tube 11 contacts the polar terminal 21 of the single cell 2;

[0087] 2) An insulating structure 12 is provided on the side wall of the entire heat transfer tube 11;

[0088] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, a first insulating layer 121 and a second insulating layer 122 are provided on the outer wall of the entire heat transfer tube 11.

[0089] In the above-mentioned configuration, preferably, a first insulating layer 121 and a second insulating layer 122 are provided on the side wall of the entire heat transfer tube 11. This configuration not only simplifies the forming and installation of the first insulating layer 121 and the second insulating layer 122, but also eliminates the need to consider the installation error between the insulating structure 12 on the heat transfer tube 11 and the polar terminal 21 of the single cell 2 when installing the heat transfer tube 11 with this structure. This makes the on-site installation of the heat transfer tube 11 more convenient.

[0090] In this embodiment, the first insulating layer 121 is a flexible insulating layer. This flexible insulating layer is disposed on the outside of the heat transfer tube 11 with the second insulating layer 122 to form a multi-layer insulating structure 12 on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11. When installing this flexible insulating layer, it can also be made into a sleeve structure. The cross-sectional shape of this sleeve structure can be circular, U-shaped, or C-shaped, as long as it can fit onto the heat transfer tube 11 with the second insulating layer 122 to achieve insulation at the contact point between the heat transfer tube 11 and the polar terminal 21 of the single cell 2. Because this flexible insulating layer has flexibility and elastic deformation capabilities, it also has functions such as buffering, shock absorption, and compensating for assembly tolerances. Installing it between the heat transfer tube 11 and the polar terminal 21 can protect both the heat transfer tube 11 and the polar terminal 21 of the single cell 2.

[0091] In this embodiment, the flexible insulating layer can be made of an insulating material with good thermal conductivity, so that it has both excellent thermal conductivity and good insulation properties. For example, it can be a thermally conductive rubber layer or a thermally conductive silicone pad. Preferably, the flexible insulating layer uses a thermally conductive silicone pad, which has both good insulation and thermal conductivity. Thermally conductive silicone pads are low in cost, have good softness, compressibility, and flexibility, and can be easily installed on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11.

[0092] Theoretically, the thinner the flexible insulating layer, the better its thermal conductivity. However, while ensuring its thermal conductivity, its insulation performance must also be guaranteed. The thicker the flexible insulating layer, the more reliable its insulation performance. After balancing thermal conductivity and insulation performance, the thickness of the flexible insulating layer in this embodiment is preferably 0.5 mm to 2 mm, and most preferably 1 mm. This thickness can ensure good thermal conductivity while guaranteeing excellent insulation performance.

[0093] After the first insulating layer 121 and the second insulating layer 122 are provided on the heat transfer tube 11, the first insulating layer 121, being a flexible insulating layer, possesses flexibility and elastic deformation capabilities, and also serves to buffer, dampen shocks, and compensate for assembly tolerances. Installing it between the heat transfer tube and the polarity terminal of the individual battery provides protection for both. Furthermore, during installation or use, the flexible insulating layer may be scratched or compressed, resulting in damage. In such cases, the second insulating layer 122 can protect and support the flexible insulating layer, improving its reliability during installation and use.

[0094] Based on the heat transfer tube 11 and insulation structure 12 described above, the manufacturing method of the heat transfer element 1 in this embodiment includes the following process:

[0095] S1. Fabricate heat transfer tube 11;

[0096] If the heat transfer tube 11 is made of a single metal tube, the entire metal tube is bent into a U-shaped tube; if the heat transfer tube 11 is a spliced ​​pipeline, the first tube 111, the second tube 112 and the connecting tube 113 are processed separately.

[0097] S2. An insulating structure 12 is provided on the heat transfer tube 11;

[0098] First, an insulating material is wrapped around the heat transfer tube 11 to form a support structure with a filling space. Thermally conductive insulating material 125 is filled into the filling space. Second, a flexible insulating layer is wrapped around the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11 with a second insulating layer 122 to form a first insulating layer 121 on the heat transfer tube 11.

[0099] Alternatively, an insulating material is made and has a filling space laid inside the flexible insulating layer, and the opening is filled with thermally conductive insulating material 125 to assemble the first insulating layer 121 and the second insulating layer 122 together. Then, the side of the first insulating layer 121 with the second insulating layer 122 is covered on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11 to form an insulating structure 12.

[0100] Example 2

[0101] This embodiment provides a heat transfer element, which is similar to the heat transfer element in Embodiment 1, except that, as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the insulation structure 12 on the heat transfer tube 11 further includes a third insulation layer 123; the third insulation layer 123 is attached to the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11, and at this time, the second insulation layer 122 is disposed on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11 having the third insulation layer 123.

[0102] like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, in this embodiment, the third insulating layer 123 is formed on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11, and the second insulating layer 122 and the first insulating layer 121 are disposed on the heat transfer tube 11 having the third insulating layer 123. This arrangement results in three insulating layers on the side wall of the heat transfer tube 11 that contacts the polar terminal 21 of the single cell 2. When the heat transfer tube 11 contacts the polar terminal 21 of the single cell 2 for heat exchange, even if one of the insulating layers is damaged, reliable insulation can still be maintained between the heat transfer tube 11 and the polar terminal 21 of the single cell 2.

[0103] In other embodiments, the insulation structure 12 on the heat transfer tube 11 includes a second insulating layer 122 and a third insulating layer 123. The third insulating layer 123 is formed on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11, and the second insulating layer 122 is disposed on the heat transfer tube 11 having the third insulating layer 123. This arrangement ensures that the sidewall of the heat transfer tube 11 in contact with the polar terminal 21 of the individual battery 2 has two insulating layers. When the heat transfer tube 11 contacts the polar terminal 21 of the individual battery 2 for heat exchange, even if one of the insulating layers is damaged, reliable insulation can still be maintained between the heat transfer tube 11 and the polar terminal 21 of the individual battery 2.

[0104] In this embodiment, the third insulating layer 123 is formed on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11. Specifically, it can be formed by at least one of spraying, coating, chemical vapor deposition, and physical vapor deposition. The following are several ways to implement the third insulating layer 123:

[0105] First, a ceramic coating is formed on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11 as the third insulating layer 123, namely a high-temperature electrical insulating coating, to form an insulating layer. The ceramic coating can be boron nitride or aluminum oxide or copper fluoride coating. However, the insulating layer formed in this way is easy to fall off and the processing cost is high.

[0106] Second, an insulating material is coated on the outer wall surface of the heat transfer tube 11 to form a third insulating layer 123, such as spraying insulating paint, coating insulating glue, using a powder coating process to uniformly place powdered insulating and heat-conducting material on the surface of the heat transfer tube, or using a printing process to uniformly place powdered insulating and heat-conducting material on the surface of the heat transfer tube.

[0107] Third, an enamel insulating layer is formed on the outer wall surface of the heat transfer tube 11 as the third insulating layer 123. When forming the enamel insulating layer on the heat transfer tube 11, an inorganic glassy material can be fused onto the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11 using a high-temperature melting technique, and firmly bonded to the outer wall. After forming the enamel insulating layer on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11, the heat transfer tube 11 exhibits excellent properties such as high hardness, high temperature resistance, wear resistance, and insulation. The thickness of the aforementioned enamel insulating layer is preferably 100µm to 300µm. This thickness of enamel insulating layer ensures insulation performance while also giving the sidewall of the aluminum tube better thermal conductivity. Simultaneously, this enamel insulating layer is not easily detached and has better wear resistance.

[0108] Fourth, the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11 is oxidized to form a third insulating layer 123. The oxidation process utilizes the chemical reaction between the metal surface and oxygen to form an oxide film, thereby improving the insulation performance of the metal surface. For example, electrochemical oxidation methods. Specifically, the heat transfer tube 11 is oxidized to form a hard oxide layer.

[0109] Among the various methods described above, a hard oxide layer as the third insulating layer is a relatively preferred method. The insulating layer formed by this method is less prone to peeling and has relatively good insulation performance. The thicker the hard oxide layer formed by oxidation treatment, the better the insulation performance; however, its thermal conductivity will decrease. In this embodiment, the thickness of the hard oxide layer is preferably 10µm to 50µm. This thickness of hard oxide layer ensures insulation performance while also giving the sidewall of the heat transfer tube 11 good thermal conductivity.

[0110] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the insulating structure 12 may further include a fourth insulating layer 124. The fourth insulating layer 124 is disposed on the inner wall of the heat transfer tube 11, further improving the insulation performance of the heat transfer tube 11. The specific arrangement of the fourth insulating layer 124 can adopt the same method as the formation of the third insulating layer 123. For example, the inner wall surface of the heat transfer tube 11 is oxidized to form a hard oxide layer. The fourth insulating layer 124 can achieve insulation between the heat transfer tube 11 and the heat exchange medium, which can prevent short circuits between adjacent large-capacity batteries or between the positive and negative terminals of the large-capacity batteries due to the heat exchange medium becoming charged, further improving the safety of the heat transfer component 1.

[0111] In this embodiment, the method of manufacturing the heat transfer element 1 is similar to that in embodiment 1. The difference is that when manufacturing the heat transfer tube 11, a third insulating layer 123 needs to be formed on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11, and a fourth insulating layer 124 needs to be formed on the inner wall of the heat transfer tube 11.

[0112] Example 3

[0113] like Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment provides a large-capacity battery, which includes multiple individual cells 2 arranged in the same direction. The number of individual cells 2 can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the shape of the individual cells 2 can also be adjusted according to actual needs. A clamping part 211 is provided on the polarity terminal 21 of each individual cell 2, and the heat transfer element 1 in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 is fixed in the clamping part 211, so that the heat transfer tube 11 directly contacts the polarity terminal 21 of each individual cell 2. When the temperature of the large-capacity battery is higher than a set threshold, a lower-temperature heat exchange medium is introduced into the heat transfer tube 11 to cool the large-capacity battery; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is lower than the set threshold, a higher-temperature heat exchange medium is introduced into the heat transfer tube 11 to heat the large-capacity battery. By controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery always operates at its normal operating temperature.

[0114] like Figure 9 As shown, during the specific installation of the heat transfer tube 11, a through groove or through hole is opened on the polarity terminal 21 of the single cell 2 as a clamping part 211. Compared with through holes, through grooves are easier to install on site and have relatively lower installation requirements. When the through groove is set, the cross-section is C-shaped. The opening width of the C-shaped through groove is smaller than the widest part of the through groove. This design is conducive to the heat transfer tube 11 being interference-fitted into the through groove. At the same time, the curvature formed at both ends of the C-shaped through groove has natural tension, which is conducive to tightly clamping the heat transfer tube 11 into the through groove.

[0115] In this embodiment, the polarity terminal 21 of the single cell 2 is cylindrical. In this case, the through-slot can be set on the side wall or end face of the cylinder. By opening the through-slot or through-hole on the side wall, compared to opening the through-slot on the end face, the heat transfer tube 11 has a larger contact area with the inner wall of the through-slot or through-hole, resulting in higher heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, when the through-slot or through-hole is located on the side wall, the entire area of ​​the end face can serve as an electrical connection area. In addition, two through-slots or through-holes can be simultaneously provided on the side wall of the polarity terminal 21 to increase the number of heat transfer tubes 11 and further improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0116] After the heat transfer tube 11 is fixed in the through groove or through hole of the polar terminal 21 of the large-capacity battery, the first insulating layer 121 on the heat transfer tube 11 is squeezed between the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 11 and the polar terminal 21 of each individual battery 2, so as to achieve close contact between the heat transfer tube 11 and the polar terminal 21, and achieve good insulation performance and heat exchange effect.

[0117] This embodiment may also include an electrolyte sharing chamber at the bottom of the large-capacity battery, connecting the electrolyte areas within the cavities of all individual battery cells 2 to achieve electrolyte sharing. This electrolyte sharing chamber can be a hollow component located at the bottom of the large-capacity battery, with through-holes in the hollow component, allowing multiple individual battery cells 2 to share electrolyte. This embodiment may also include a gas sharing chamber at the top of the large-capacity battery, connecting the gas areas within the cavities of all individual battery cells to achieve gas balance. The structures of the electrolyte sharing chamber and gas sharing chamber can be found in the first and second hollow components in Chinese Patent CN117477186A, and the electrolyte sharing channel in CN115275453A.

[0118] Example 4

[0119] like Figures 10 to 13 As shown, this embodiment provides another type of high-capacity battery. Unlike embodiment 3, the high-capacity battery in this embodiment also has a casing 3.

[0120] This embodiment adds a casing 3 to the large-capacity battery of embodiment 3. Multiple individual batteries 2 are arranged in the same direction and placed inside the casing 3. The top plate of the casing 3 has clearance holes corresponding to the polarity terminals 21 of each individual battery 2. The polarity terminals 21 of each individual battery 2 extend out of the corresponding clearance holes as the polarity terminals 21 of the large-capacity battery (all polarity terminals 21 on one side serve as the positive polarity terminals of the large-capacity battery, and all polarity terminals 21 on the other side serve as the negative polarity terminals). The area of ​​the top plate of the casing 3 corresponding to the clearance hole is fixedly sealed to the casing of the individual battery 2, sealing the gap between the polarity terminals 21 and the clearance holes. A sealing connector 4 is typically used to achieve this fixed sealing between the top plate of the casing 3 and the casing of the individual battery 2. The sealing connector 4 is a hollow tube, sleeved on the outside of the polarity terminals 21 of the individual battery 2. The bottom of the sealing connector 4 is sealed to the area around the polarity terminals 21 on the top cover of the individual battery 2, and the top of the sealing connector 4 is sealed to the area of ​​the top plate of the casing 3 corresponding to the clearance holes. Welding can be used to achieve a sealed connection.

[0121] It should be noted that the polarity terminal 21 of the single cell 2 here can be the terminal post of the single cell 2, such as... Figure 12 As shown. To prevent the terminal of the single cell 2 from not being able to smoothly extend out of the clearance hole as the polarity terminal 21, a terminal adapter can be connected to the terminal of the single cell 2, and the overall structure of the terminal of the single cell 2 and the terminal adapter can be used as the polarity terminal 21 of the single cell 2, as shown. Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown.

[0122] like Figure 10As shown, the aforementioned casing 3 has a shared chamber, the inner cavity of which is connected to the inner cavities of all individual battery cells 2. By placing multiple individual battery cells 2 within a casing 3 that has a shared chamber, and utilizing this shared chamber's connection to the inner cavities of each individual battery cell 2 within the casing 3, the differences between the individual battery cells 2 are reduced, improving the consistency among them to some extent, thereby enhancing the cycle life of the high-capacity battery. The shared chamber specifically includes the following types:

[0123] The shared chamber within the outer casing 3 can be an electrolyte sharing chamber 31. The inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber 31 is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​all individual battery cells 2. Through the electrolyte sharing chamber 31, each individual battery cell 2 is placed in a uniform electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte within each individual battery cell 2 and improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery. It should be noted that the electrolyte sharing chamber 31 is an electrolyte containing chamber. After it is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​each individual battery cell 2, it is necessary to ensure that the electrolyte in the entire large-capacity battery does not come into contact with the external environment.

[0124] The shared chamber within the aforementioned outer casing 3 can be a gas-sharing chamber 32. The inner cavity of the gas-sharing chamber 32 is connected to the gas regions of all individual battery cells 2. Gas balance among the individual battery cells 2 is achieved through the gas-sharing chamber 32, which also improves the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery. In this structure, the upper cover of the individual battery cell 2 has a gas port that communicates with the inner cavity of the individual battery cell 2. The inner cavity of the gas-sharing chamber 32 is connected to the gas regions of each individual battery cell 2 through this gas port. Based on the gas-sharing chamber 32, the gas regions of each individual battery cell 2 can be connected, achieving gas balance.

[0125] The aforementioned shared chamber can be a gas-liquid shared chamber. The inner cavity of the gas-liquid shared chamber is connected to the electrolyte and gas regions of all individual battery cells 2. Through a gas-liquid shared chamber, each individual battery cell 2 can be placed in a unified electrolyte and gas environment, improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery. In a specific configuration, the side plate of the outer casing 3 has a protrusion extending along the arrangement direction of the individual battery cells 2, forming a gas-liquid shared chamber at the protrusion. This gas-liquid shared chamber is connected to the electrolyte and gas regions of each individual battery cell 2.

[0126] The aforementioned shared chamber may also include an electrolyte shared chamber 31 and a gas shared chamber 32. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 31 is connected to the electrolyte region of all individual battery cells 2, and the inner cavity of the gas shared chamber 32 is connected to the gas region of all individual battery cells 2. This high-capacity battery places multiple individual battery cells 2 inside a housing 3 with a shared chamber. By utilizing this shared chamber and the inner cavity of each individual battery cell 2 located within the housing 3, the electrolyte and gas of each individual battery cell 2 are shared, ensuring the consistency of each individual battery cell 2. That is, by connecting the electrolyte and gas of each individual battery cell 2, the electrolyte and gas of all individual battery cells 2 are in the same system, reducing the differences between individual battery cells 2 and improving the consistency between individual battery cells 2 to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the high-capacity battery to a certain extent.

[0127] The aforementioned shared chamber may also include an electrolyte shared chamber 31 and a gas shared chamber 32. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 31 is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​all individual battery cells 2. The gas shared chamber 32 is a gas channel located between the top plate of the outer casing 3 and each individual battery cell 2. This gas channel covers the explosion-proof membrane on the top of each individual battery cell 2. When the explosion-proof membrane of any individual battery cell 2 is ruptured by the thermal runaway flue gas in the inner cavity, the gas area of ​​that individual battery cell 2 is connected to the inner cavity of the gas shared chamber. The gas shared chamber 32 is used as an explosion-proof channel. That is, during the normal operation of the large-capacity battery, the inner cavity of each individual battery cell 2 is not connected to the explosion-proof channel. When any individual battery cell 2 experiences thermal runaway, the explosion-proof membrane on the top of that individual battery cell 2 is opened by the flue gas in the inner cavity, and the inner cavity of that individual battery cell 2 is connected to the explosion-proof channel. The thermal runaway flue gas is discharged through the explosion-proof channel, improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0128] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, after the polar terminal 21 of each individual battery 2 extends out of the clearance hole, a clamping part 211 is provided. The heat transfer element 1 in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 is fixed in the clamping part 211, so that the heat transfer tube 11 is directly connected to the polar terminal 21 of each individual battery 2. When the temperature of the large-capacity battery is higher than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is cooled by introducing a heat exchange medium with a lower temperature into the heat transfer tube 11. When the temperature of the large-capacity battery is lower than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is heated by introducing a heat exchange medium with a higher temperature into the heat transfer tube 11. By controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery always operates at the normal operating temperature.

[0129] During long-term use, the large-capacity battery will condense on the surface due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the heat transfer tube 11. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it will seep into the gap between the polar terminal 21 of the single cell 2 and the clearance hole, causing the polar terminal 21 of the single cell 2 to be electrically connected to the outer casing 3, which may lead to a short circuit of the same single cell 2.

[0130] like Figure 13 As shown, in this embodiment, an insulating sealant layer 5 is laid on the top plate of the outer casing 3. The end face of the polarity terminal 21 of each individual battery 2 extends out of the insulating sealant layer 5 and is connected to the electrical connector 7. The liquid inlet and outlet ends of the heat transfer tube 11 extend out of the insulating sealant layer 5. When condensation occurs on the surface of the heat transfer tube 11 on the polarity terminal, the condensation cannot penetrate into the gap between the polarity terminal and the clearance hole due to the obstruction of the insulating sealant layer, thereby preventing the battery from short-circuiting. The electrical connector 7 is a connection device for connecting two large-capacity batteries in series, or it can be a connection device for connecting the large-capacity battery to an external load.

[0131] like Figure 13 As shown, based on the above structure, this embodiment also provides an insulating protective cover 6 on the top of the large-capacity battery, thereby providing insulation protection for the polarity terminal 21. This avoids potential safety hazards caused by the exposure of the polarity terminal 21 during the operation of the large-capacity battery, and also prevents foreign objects from falling into the polarity terminal 21 and causing a short circuit, thus improving the safety of the large-capacity battery. It should be noted that if the insulating protective cover 6 completely covers the polarity terminal 21, it would make electrical connection of this type of large-capacity battery more difficult. Therefore, this embodiment opens a slit on the side wall of the insulating protective cover 6, through which the electrical connector 7 can be connected to the polarity terminal 21 of the individual battery 2, thereby achieving electrical connection. It should also be noted that channels for the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the heat transfer tube 11 to extend are also opened on the side wall of the insulating protective cover 6.

Claims

1. A heat transfer element, characterized in that, It includes a heat transfer tube and an insulating structure disposed on the heat transfer tube, the insulating structure including a second insulating layer; The second insulating layer includes a support structure and a thermally conductive insulating material. The support structure is made of insulating material and is disposed on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube. The support structure has at least one filling space. The thermally conductive insulating material is filled in the at least one filling space.

2. The heat transfer element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting structure is a sleeve structure, and the filling space is a hollow structure provided on the sleeve wall, which is filled with thermally conductive and insulating material.

3. The heat transfer element according to claim 2, characterized in that, The supporting structure is a plastic sleeve with multiple openings in the tube wall, and the tube wall thickness of the plastic sleeve is 0.1mm to 1mm.

4. The heat transfer element according to claim 3, characterized in that, The openings are located in the area where the plastic sleeve overlaps with the polarity terminal of the individual battery. The size of each opening is 2mm to 5mm, and the distance between each opening is 0.3mm to 2mm.

5. The heat transfer element according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support structure is a heat-shrinkable plastic sleeve, which is formed on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube by heat shrinking. The material of the heat-shrinkable sleeve is FEP.

6. The heat transfer element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support structure includes multiple insulating support rings, which are sequentially fitted onto the outer wall of the heat transfer tube along the axial direction. The filling space is an annular radial gap formed between adjacent insulating support rings, and thermally conductive insulating material is filled in the annular gap.

7. The heat transfer element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermally conductive insulating material is thermally conductive silicone grease.

8. The heat transfer element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation structure further includes a first insulation layer disposed on the second insulation layer, wherein the first insulation layer is a flexible insulation layer.

9. The heat transfer element according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The insulation structure also includes a third insulation layer attached to the outer wall of the heat transfer tube, and the second insulation layer is disposed on the third insulation layer.

10. The heat transfer element according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The heat transfer tube is a U-shaped heat transfer tube, including a first tube, a second tube, and a connecting tube; the first tube is used for heat exchange with the positive terminal of each individual battery cell; the second tube is used for heat exchange with the negative terminal of each individual battery cell. The connecting tube is a flexible insulating tube, and both ends of the connecting tube are respectively connected to the ports of the first tube and the second tube located on the same side. The insulating structure is provided on the first tube and the second tube.

11. A high-capacity battery, characterized in that, It includes multiple individual cells arranged in sequence, and a heat transfer element as described in any one of claims 1 to 10 is fixed on the clamping part of the polarity terminal of each individual cell, wherein the clamping part is a through groove or through hole formed on the polarity terminal of each individual cell.

12. The high-capacity battery according to claim 11, characterized in that, It also includes a housing; multiple individual cells are arranged in the same direction in the inner cavity of the housing; the housing has at least one shared chamber, the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected to the inner cavity of all individual cells; the top plate of the housing has clearance holes corresponding to the polarity terminals of each individual cell; the polarity terminals of each individual cell extend out of the clearance holes, the area of ​​the top plate of the housing corresponding to the clearance holes is fixedly sealed to the individual cell housing, and the part of each individual cell polarity terminal extending out of the clearance holes is provided with a clamping part.

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