Communication base station micro-grid system

Abstract

The communication base station micro-grid system provided by the utility model improves the power supply reliability and energy efficiency of a base station and reduces the dependence on a traditional power grid through integrating distributed energy and an intelligent management system. The system comprises a photovoltaic system, an energy storage battery pack BMS system, a 4G communication module and a power grid access module. The photovoltaic system is composed of a photovoltaic cell panel and a light stacking controller and provides 48V direct current. And the energy storage battery pack BMS monitors and manages the battery state in real time. And the 4G communication module realizes data transmission and remote monitoring. The power grid access module provides a standby power supply. The system adopts a 48V direct-current bus, so that the energy efficiency is improved and the loss is reduced. The stacked light controller optimizes photovoltaic output and has comprehensive fault self-test and protection functions. Real-time monitoring and remote management are realized through the 4G communication module, and the reliability and maintenance efficiency of the system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of communication base station technology, and in particular to communication base station microgrid systems. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of 5G technology, the stable operation of base stations, as a key component of mobile communication networks, is crucial. The number and power demand of communication base stations are increasing dramatically. Traditional communication base stations rely on the power grid for power supply, but the stability and reliability of the power grid cannot be guaranteed, especially in remote areas or areas with unstable power supply. Therefore, developing a communication base station microgrid system with high reliability and self-powering capabilities is particularly important.

[0003] Communication base station microgrid systems are comprehensive power supply solutions that integrate distributed energy resources. This system not only improves the power supply reliability of communication base stations but also reduces dependence on the traditional power grid to some extent, achieving energy self-sufficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a communication base station microgrid system that improves the power supply reliability and energy efficiency of the base station and reduces dependence on the traditional power grid by integrating distributed energy and intelligent management systems.

[0005] This utility model discloses a communication base station micronetwork system, comprising:

[0006] The photovoltaic system includes photovoltaic panels and a photovoltaic controller. The current generated by the photovoltaic modules is processed by the DC-DC photovoltaic module of the photovoltaic controller and then connected to the system bus to provide a stable 48V DC power.

[0007] The battery management system (BMS) for energy storage batteries includes the battery pack, battery management system, control module, display module, wireless communication module, and data acquisition module. It monitors the battery's charge status at all times and provides effective charge and discharge control and protection for the operating battery.

[0008] The 4G communication module is used for data transmission and remote monitoring, recording the system's operating status in real time, including parameters such as voltage, current, and load status.

[0009] The grid access module allows electrical energy to enter the system from the grid through a single-phase energy meter and a switching power supply, providing backup power.

[0010] For AC loads, a DC / AC inverter converts 48V DC power to 220V AC power to supply the AC load.

[0011] Furthermore, a 48V DC bus voltage is used as the energy transmission and distribution center for each component. Compared to the traditional 220V AC bus, the 48V DC bus has higher efficiency and lower losses in energy conversion and transmission.

[0012] Furthermore, the solar panel controller can detect the power generation of the solar panels in real time and track the highest voltage and current values, enabling the system to charge the battery at maximum power output. Applied to off-grid photovoltaic systems, it coordinates the operation of solar panels, batteries, and loads, and is a core control component of the system. In addition, the controller has comprehensive electronic fault self-testing functions and powerful electronic protection functions. Photovoltaic input protection includes input overvoltage and undervoltage protection, reverse connection protection, reverse current protection, surge and lightning protection, etc. Output protection includes voltage regulation protection, battery reverse connection protection, battery disconnection protection, and overvoltage and undervoltage protection, etc. Conventional protection includes overheat protection and over-temperature derating operation, and ambient light over-temperature protection, etc.

[0013] Furthermore, as a core component of a photovoltaic system, the PV controller can be used to calculate the appropriate number of PV modules to be connected in series for different types of modules based on the controller's open-circuit voltage (VOC) and maximum power point voltage (VMPP). The total open-circuit voltage (VOC) after series connection should be less than the controller's rated maximum input voltage of 250V, and the total theoretical maximum power point voltage (VMPP) after series connection should be greater than 65V.

[0014] Furthermore, the controller has a charging current limiting function, which means that the controller can limit the charging current to within the controller's rated charging current range. Even if the power input to the controller's PV terminal exceeds the controller's rated charging power, the controller will charge the battery according to the controller's rated charging current.

[0015] The actual operating power of the photovoltaic array meets the following conditions: when the actual power of the photovoltaic array is less than or equal to the rated charging power of the controller, the maximum charging power of the controller is equal to the actual power of the photovoltaic array; when the actual power of the photovoltaic array is greater than the rated charging power of the controller, the controller operates at the rated charging current. When the power of the photovoltaic array is greater than the rated charging power of the controller, the charging time of the rated charging current will be extended, thus allowing more energy to be obtained to charge the battery.

[0016] Furthermore, bus monitoring includes bus voltage detection, bus current detection, and bus load detection, to monitor the bus's operating status in real time and ensure the stability and reliability of power transmission.

[0017] Furthermore, the microgrid system uses a 48V DC bus that can be directly connected to communication equipment without the need for voltage reduction via a switching power supply, thus improving the energy utilization rate of the communication equipment.

[0018] This utility model has the following advantages:

[0019] The system integrates photovoltaic power generation modules and a photovoltaic controller to ensure maximum power output from the photovoltaic system, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency. By promoting the utilization of solar energy, it reduces dependence on the traditional power grid and lowers operating costs at base stations. The 48V DC bus voltage reduces losses in the energy conversion process, improving the overall efficiency of the system. Through the 4G communication module, the system achieves real-time monitoring and remote management, improving system reliability and maintenance efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the microgrid system architecture for a communication base station. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The working process of this utility model's communication base station microgrid system is as follows:

[0022] During the daytime, photovoltaic (PV) power generation processes involve solar panels generating direct current (DC) under sunlight, which is then converted to DC power and output to the 48V DC bus via a DC / DC converter. PV power is prioritized for supplying electricity to communication base stations; any surplus power is stored through an energy storage system. At night or on cloudy days, PV power generation decreases or becomes zero, and the system primarily relies on energy storage or the power grid for power.

[0023] During the charging and discharging process of the energy storage system, excess electrical energy generated by photovoltaic power generation enters the energy storage battery pack through a bidirectional DC / DC converter. The BMS system monitors and manages the charging process to ensure battery safety. When photovoltaic power generation is insufficient, the energy storage battery pack supplies power to the 48V DC bus through the bidirectional DC / DC converter to maintain normal system operation.

[0024] In the grid power supply process, when neither photovoltaic power generation nor energy storage systems can meet the load demand, grid power is converted to 48V DC through a single-phase electricity meter and an AC / DC converter to supplement the system's power. If there is excess power in the system, the grid can also feed the power back to the grid through an inverter, realizing bidirectional energy flow.

[0025] When equipment requires AC power, a DC / AC inverter converts 48V DC to 220V AC to supply the AC load. For security systems and communication equipment, a 48V DC bus can be used directly, improving energy utilization.

[0026] The RS485 port is connected to the unidirectional energy meter, photovoltaic stacking controller, and energy storage battery pack BMS system; the base station system communicates through the 485 interface, and the 4G communication module adopts the 4G to 485 interface. The 4G module sends data to the RS-485 device or receives data from the RS-485 device and sends it out through the 4G network.

[0027] The busbar monitoring system collects voltage, current, and load data in real time, and the 4G communication module transmits this data to a remote management center. Administrators use management software to monitor and analyze the system, promptly identify and address anomalies, and ensure efficient and stable system operation.

[0028] The load within the base station is managed in a tiered manner. Critical loads are jointly guaranteed by the power grid and local power sources, while non-critical loads can be temporarily disconnected in the event of a fault to ensure the normal operation of critical equipment. In the event of a local power supply failure, the power grid can serve as a reliable backup power source, automatically switching to grid power to directly supply power to the base station and ensure its continuous operation.

[0029] To ensure the normal operation of communication base stations, the system has fault response measures. Through backup power supplies, automatic switching devices, real-time monitoring and alarms, and regular maintenance, the system's reliability and stability are effectively improved, ensuring that base stations can continue to operate under various fault conditions.

Claims

1. A communication base station microgrid system, characterized in that, include: —The photovoltaic system includes photovoltaic panels and a condensing controller. The current generated by the photovoltaic modules is processed by the condensing controller and then connected to the system bus to provide 48V DC power. —The energy storage battery pack BMS system includes a battery pack, a battery management system, a control module, a display module, a wireless communication module, and a data acquisition module, which monitors the battery status and controls charging and discharging; —4G communication module, used for data transmission and remote monitoring, recording system operating status; —Grid access module, where electrical energy enters the system through a single-phase energy meter and a switching power supply to provide backup power; —Communication equipment: The 48V DC bus of the microgrid system can be directly connected to the communication equipment.

2. The communication base station microgrid system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Using a DC 48V bus voltage as the energy transmission and distribution center for each component, the DC 48V bus has higher efficiency and lower loss in energy conversion and transmission compared to the traditional AC 220V bus.

3. The communication base station microgrid system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar panel controller can detect the power generation of the solar panel in real time and track the highest voltage and current values, enabling the system to charge the battery at maximum power output. It has electronic fault self-testing function and electronic protection function, including input and output protection as well as conventional protection.

4. The communication base station microgrid system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management of the photovoltaic system is as follows: when the actual power of the photovoltaic array is less than or equal to the rated charging power of the controller, the maximum charging power of the controller is the actual power of the photovoltaic array; when the actual power of the photovoltaic array is greater than or equal to the rated charging power of the controller, the controller operates according to the rated charging current.

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