Dry and wet dual-purpose camellia oleifera fruit husking separator
The dry and wet dual-purpose camellia fruit peeling and separation machine solves the problems of long processing time and high risk of mold in traditional camellia fruit peeling, and realizes efficient and automated separation of dry and wet fruits and improves oil yield.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520462779.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-06
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-17
AI Technical Summary
Traditional methods for peeling camellia fruit are time-consuming and affected by weather, resulting in a high risk of mold growth and making it difficult to automate and efficiently peel both dry and wet fruit.
A dry and wet dual-purpose camellia fruit peeling and separating machine was designed, including a feeding machine, a grading and shelling machine, a seed shell separator and a tea seed conveyor. Through a three-stage oscillating screen and two sets of shelling machines, the machine can achieve grading and shelling of dry and wet fruits and separation of seed shells. The composting process promotes the brittleness of the fruit shells and reduces tea seed damage.
This achieves seamless integration of the drying and wetting process, reduces the risk of mold, improves processing efficiency, saves labor costs and shelling time, reduces tea seed breakage rate, and increases oil yield.
Smart Images
Figure CN223873181U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to agricultural machinery field technical field, concretely relates to a dry and wet dual-purpose oil camellia fruit shelling separator. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the expansion of the oil tea planting area, the output of oil tea fruit increases significantly, but the shelling treatment of oil tea fruit becomes a big challenge. The traditional method is to sun and manually select after the oil tea fruit is exploded, but this method is time-consuming, and the complete sunning and explosion is greatly affected by the weather, especially in rainy weather, the oil tea fruit is easy to mildew and deteriorate. In order to improve the processing efficiency and reduce the mildew risk, a part of the oil tea fruit can be sun-dried after composting for several days to make it explode naturally, and the other part of the oil tea fruit is composted for a short period (usually 7-10 days), and then shelled and dried or baked. In this way, the shelled oil tea fruit (hereinafter referred to as wet oil tea fruit) is shelled, and the other part of the sun-dried oil tea fruit is also used for shelling, realizing seamless connection in time, effectively reducing the mildew risk caused by the large amount of oil tea fruit and the delay in shelling. In order to meet the automatic shelling treatment of dry and wet fruits, it is necessary to design a dry and wet dual-purpose oil camellia fruit shelling separator. SUMMARY
[0003] The utility model aims at overcoming the prior art's insufficient, provide a dry and wet dual-purpose oil camellia fruit shelling separator.
[0004] In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:
[0005] A dry and wet dual-purpose oil camellia fruit shelling separator, comprising a feeder, a grading shell breaking and slag removing machine, a seed shell separator and a tea seed conveyor;
[0006] The grading shell breaking and slag removing machine comprises a rack, a three-stage swing screen is arranged at the upper part of the rack, the three-stage swing screen comprises a three-stage screen body and a first transmission assembly for driving the three-stage screen body to reciprocate, the grading inlet side of the three-stage swing screen is connected with the outlet of the feeder, a flow guide bin, a medium fruit shell breaking machine and a large fruit shell breaking machine are sequentially arranged below the three-stage swing screen along the grading direction, a three-layer swing screen is arranged below the medium fruit shell breaking machine and the large fruit shell breaking machine, the three-layer swing screen comprises a screen frame and a second transmission assembly for driving the screen frame to reciprocate, a large-hole screen layer, a medium-hole screen layer and a small-hole screen layer are sequentially arranged in the screen frame from top to bottom, each screen layer is provided with an outlet, the outlet of the medium-hole screen layer is connected with the inlet of the seed shell separator, and the outlet of the seed shell separator is connected with the inlet of the tea seed conveyor;
[0007] The flow guide bin comprises a three-way distributor, a hopper is arranged at the inlet of the three-way distributor, two outlets of the three-way distributor correspond to a dry tea seed channel and a small fruit channel respectively, and the outlet of the dry tea seed channel is located above the three-layer swing screen.
[0008] Further, the medium fruit huller and the large fruit huller have the same structure, and both include a feeding hopper, a hulling bin, a support frame, a rotating shaft, a fixed disc, a hulling roller, a hulling screen and a belt pulley III, the hulling bin is installed on the frame through the support frame, the upper part of the hulling bin is provided with the feeding hopper, the bottom part is provided with the hulling screen, the rotating shaft is arranged in the hulling bin, the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively installed on the frame through bearings, the two ends of the rotating shaft located at the inner side of the hulling bin are respectively provided with the fixed disc, a plurality of hulling rollers are arranged between the two fixed discs, the end of the rotating shaft extending out of the hulling bin is provided with the belt pulley III, the mesh of the hulling screen is oval, and the mesh size of the hulling screen of the large fruit huller is larger than that of the hulling screen of the medium fruit huller.
[0009] Further, one side of the three-stage screen body is provided with a large fruit outlet corresponding to the large fruit huller, and the three-stage screen body is provided with a small fruit screen hole corresponding to the feeding hopper and a medium fruit screen hole corresponding to the medium fruit huller.
[0010] Further, the first transmission assembly includes a swing bearing I, a connecting arm, a driving shaft I, a belt pulley I and an eccentric block, the three-stage screen body and the frame are connected through the swing bearing I; the lower part of the three-stage screen body close to the inlet side is provided with the connecting arm, the upper part of the frame close to the inlet side is provided with the driving shaft I installed through a bearing, one end of the driving shaft I is provided with the belt pulley I, and the other end of the driving shaft I is provided with the eccentric block, the eccentric block is provided with an eccentric shaft I, one end of the swing lever I is connected with the eccentric shaft I through a joint bearing I, and the other end is rotationally connected with the connecting arm.
[0011] Further, the second transmission assembly includes a swing bearing II, a driving shaft II, a swing lever II, an eccentric wheel and a belt pulley II, the screen frame and the frame are connected through the swing bearing II; the frame is provided with the driving shaft II installed through a bearing, one end of the driving shaft II is provided with the belt pulley II, and the other end is provided with the eccentric wheel, the eccentric wheel is provided with an eccentric shaft II, one end of the swing lever II is connected with the eccentric shaft II through a joint bearing II, and the other end is rotationally connected with the connecting lug on the screen frame.
[0012] Further, the power of the medium fruit huller, the first transmission assembly and the second transmission assembly all comes from a driving motor, and the driving motor is installed on the frame.
[0013] Further, the seed shell separator includes a separator frame, the upper part of the separator frame is provided with a seed shell separation mechanism, and the lower part is provided with a fruit shell conveyor.
[0014] The seed shell separation mechanism comprises a plurality of light rollers, a plurality of groove rollers arranged in a spaced manner with the light rollers, and a driving mechanism for driving the rotation of the light rollers and the groove rollers, one end of the light roller is engaged with one end of the groove roller in a gear manner, the driving mechanism comprises a plurality of belt pulleys and a shell separation driving motor, the shell separation driving motor is arranged at the bottom of the separation frame, the belt pulleys are installed at one end of the groove rollers, and the shell separation driving motor is connected with the belt pulleys through a belt.
[0015] Further, the diameter of the groove roller is 2.3 times the diameter of the light roller, the rolling surface of the light roller is higher than the rolling surface of the groove roller, and the gap between the light roller and the groove roller is 2mm.
[0016] Further, the upper part of the separation frame is provided with a blocking net, the blocking net comprises a horizontal section and an upward bending section, and the upward bending section forms a feeding guide structure with the feeding port of the seed shell separation mechanism.
[0017] Further, the upper part of the frame is provided with an upper turnover door on each side, an air spring is arranged between the upper turnover door and the frame, and a slag removal conveyor is further arranged below the three-layer swinging screen. Beneficial effects
[0018] The utility model discloses a loading, grading, shell breaking and separating function as a whole, greatly improves processing efficiency, can realize the processing of dry fruits and wet fruits, can satisfy the connection of dry fruits and wet fruits in time, greatly reduces the risk of wet oil tea fruit mildewing, saves manual cost and peeling period, and has great popularization value. ACCURACY OF DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of the preferred embodiment of the utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic view of the grading shell breaking and slag removing machine in the preferred embodiment of the utility model;
[0021] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic view of the first transmission assembly and the flow guide bin in the preferred embodiment of the utility model;
[0022] Figure 4 It is a structure schematic view of the three-layer screen body in the preferred embodiment of the utility model;
[0023] Figure 5 It is Figure 2 It is an enlarged view of A in the preferred embodiment of the utility model;
[0024] Figure 6 It is a structure schematic view of the internal structure of the shell breaking machine in the preferred embodiment of the utility model;
[0025] Figure 7 It is a structure schematic view of the three-layer swinging screen in the preferred embodiment of the utility model;
[0026] Figure 8 Structure diagram of each screen layer in the preferred embodiment of the utility model;
[0027] Figure 9 Structure diagram of the seed shell separator in the preferred embodiment of the utility model;
[0028] In the figure: power control box 1, feeder 2, flow guide bin 3, three-stage swing screen 4, medium fruit huller 5, upturned door 6, large fruit huller 7, seed shell separator 8, tea seed conveyor 9, fruit shell conveyor 10, three-layer swing screen 11, slag removal conveyor 12, feeding motor 2-1, material holding hopper 2-2, feeder body 2-3, flow guide handle 3-1, dry tea seed channel 3-2, small fruit channel 3-3, hopper 3-4, flow guide flap 3-5, swing rod I 4-1, belt pulley I 4-2, drive shaft I 4-3, knuckle bearing I 4-4, connecting arm 4-5, eccentric block 4-6, swing bearing I 4-7, eccentric shaft I 4-8, belt 4-9, three-stage screen body 4-10, large fruit outlet 4-11, small fruit screen hole 4-12, medium fruit screen hole 4-13, feed hopper 5-1, hulling bin 5-2, support frame 5-3, rotating shaft 5-4, fixed disc 5-5, hulling roller 5-6, hulling screen 5-7, belt pulley III 5-8, fruit shell separation drive motor 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, smooth roller 8-4, grooved roller 8-5, grooved roller gear 8-6, smooth roller gear 8-7, belt disc 8-8, screen stopper 8-9, tea seed conveyor motor 9-1, tea seed conveyor belt 9-2, large hole screen layer 11-1, medium hole screen layer 11-2, small hole screen layer 11-3, eccentric wheel 11-4, swing bearing II 11-5, belt pulley II 11-6, drive shaft II 11-7, knuckle bearing II 11-8, swing rod II 11-9, connecting lug 11-10, large fruit huller drive motor 13-1, drive motor 13-2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] The technical solutions of the utility model will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the utility model.
[0030] Fresh oil tea fruit shell fiber is hard, direct shell is easy to cause tea seed breakage, and there are a lot of pulp attached to the tea seed, such tea seed oil is very bitter, oil tea fruit pile fermentation process can promote shell fermentation and brittle, tea seed and shell form a separation layer, brittle after more easily shelled, shelling process of tea seed and shell more easily broken open and separated, can reduce the breakage rate of tea seed, pile fermentation process can also promote the conversion of tea seed oil yield, the later oil extraction rate is higher. If not pile fermentation directly dry, oil tea fruit shell fiber is not brittle, will appear a lot of dead fruit, can not burst open, even with the shell breaking machine is also very difficult to shell.
[0031] Camellia oleifera has its particularity: tea fruit size is uneven, some tea fruit is larger, some is relatively small, the number of tea seeds in each Camellia oleifera is also different, some small tea fruit may have only 1-2 tea seeds, tea seeds are often larger; while some large tea fruit may have 6-12 tea seeds, tea seeds are relatively small, the particularity of Camellia oleifera makes it need more careful treatment and consideration in the processing process.
[0032] Considering that the shell of freshly picked Camellia oleifera is hard, direct shelling is easy to damage tea seeds and pulp attached to affect oil quality, we promote shell fermentation and brittle through pile fermentation for 7-10 days, form a separation layer, not only reduce the breakage of tea seeds during shelling, but also improve the oil yield, this process is not simply increase the maturity or oil yield of Camellia oleifera, but directly help the shelling process, make tea seed and shell more easily separated, through this machine, wet Camellia oleifera can be directly shelled, and the other half of Camellia oleifera is dried and burst, then shelled with this machine, realize seamless connection of time, avoid the risk of moldy wet Camellia oleifera, compared with the single function shelling machine on the market, our dry and wet dual-purpose machine has significant advantages, not only saves a lot of labor and shelling period, but also greatly improves the production efficiency.
[0033] Embodiment, see Figure 1 — Figure 9As shown, a dry and wet dual-purpose oil tea fruit shelling and separating machine, comprising a feeding machine 2, a grading and shelling and slag removing machine, a seed shell separating machine 8 and a tea seed conveying machine 9; more specifically, the feeding machine 2 in the embodiment is a hopper feeding machine, comprising a feeding hopper 2-2, a feeding machine body 2-3 and a feeding motor 2-1, the tea seed conveying machine 9 comprises a tea seed conveying machine motor 9-1 and a tea seed conveying belt 9-2, the grading and shelling and slag removing machine comprises a rack, a three-stage swinging screen 4 is arranged at the upper part of the rack, the three-stage swinging screen 4 comprises a three-stage screen body 4-10 and a first transmission assembly for driving the three-stage screen body 4-10 to swing back and forth, the grading inlet side of the three-stage swinging screen 4 is connected with the outlet of the feeding machine 2, a flow guide bin 3, a medium fruit shelling machine 5 and a large fruit shelling machine 7 are sequentially arranged below the three-stage swinging screen 4 along the grading direction, a three-layer swinging screen 11 is arranged below the medium fruit shelling machine 5 and the large fruit shelling machine 7, the three-layer swinging screen 11 comprises a screen frame and a second transmission assembly for driving the screen frame to swing back and forth, a large-pore screen layer 11-1, a medium-pore screen layer 11-2 and a small-pore screen layer 11-3 are sequentially arranged in the screen frame from top to bottom, each screen layer is respectively provided with an outlet, the outlet of the medium-pore screen layer 11-2 is connected with the inlet of the seed shell separating machine 8, and the outlet of the seed shell separating machine 8 is connected with the inlet of the tea seed conveying machine 9.
[0034] The flow guide bin 3 comprises a three-way distributor, which can be electric or manual, when being manual, the three-way distributor is provided with a flow guide handle 3-1, the inlet of the three-way distributor is provided with a hopper 3-4, two outlets of the three-way distributor correspond to a dry tea seed channel 3-2 and a small fruit channel 3-3 respectively, the outlet of the dry tea seed channel 3-2 is located above the three-layer swinging screen 11, and the outlets of the large-pore screen layer 11-1, the small-pore screen layer 11-3 and the small fruit channel 3-3 are respectively connected with corresponding collecting frames.
[0035] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the medium fruit huller 5 and the large fruit huller 7 are structurally identical, and each includes a feeding hopper 5-1, a hulling bin 5-2, a support frame 5-3, a rotating shaft 5-4, a fixed disc 5-5, a hulling roller 5-6, a hulling screen 5-7, and a belt pulley III 5-8. The hulling bin 5-2 is installed on the frame via the support frame 5-3. The feeding hopper 5-1 is arranged on the upper portion of the hulling bin 5-2, and the hulling screen 5-7 is arranged on the bottom portion of the hulling bin 5-2. The rotating shaft 5-4 is arranged in the hulling bin 5-2. The two ends of the rotating shaft 5-4 are respectively installed on the frame via bearings. The two ends of the rotating shaft 5-4 located on the inner side of the hulling bin 5-2 are respectively provided with the fixed disc 5-5. A plurality of hulling rollers 5-6 are arranged between the two fixed discs 5-5. The end of the rotating shaft 5-4 extending out of the hulling bin 5-2 is provided with the belt pulley III 5-8. The mesh holes of the hulling screen 5-7 are elliptical. The mesh hole size of the hulling screen 5-7 of the large fruit huller 7 is larger than that of the hulling screen 5-7 of the medium fruit huller 5. In this embodiment, the mesh holes of the hulling screen 5-7 are elliptical. The mesh hole size of the hulling screen 5-7 of the medium fruit huller 5 is 20 mm x 24 mm, and the mesh hole size of the hulling screen 5-7 of the large fruit huller 7 is 24 mm x 28 mm. By arranging two sets of hullers, the hulling treatment can be more effectively performed according to the different sizes of the fruits, and the tea seeds can be prevented from being damaged.
[0036] Referring to Figure 4 As shown, one side of the three-stage screen body 4-10 is provided with a large fruit outlet 4-11 corresponding to the large fruit huller 7. The three-stage screen body 4-10 is provided with a small fruit screen hole 4-12 corresponding to the feeding hopper 3-4 and a medium fruit screen hole 4-13 corresponding to the medium fruit huller 5.
[0037] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the first transmission assembly includes swing bearing I4-7, connecting arm 4-5, drive shaft I4-3, pulley I4-2 and eccentric block 4-6, and the tertiary screen body 4-10 is connected between the frame through the swing bearing I4-7; the lower part of the tertiary screen body 4-10 close to the inlet side is provided with the connecting arm 4-5, the upper part of the frame close to the inlet side is provided with the drive shaft I4-3 through the bearing, one end of the drive shaft I4-3 is provided with the pulley I4-2, the other end of the drive shaft I4-3 is provided with the eccentric block 4-6, the eccentric block 4-6 is provided with the eccentric shaft I4-8, one end of the swing rod I4-1 is connected with the eccentric shaft I4-8 through the joint bearing I4-4, and the other end is rotatably connected with the connecting arm 4-5; when the pulley I4-2 rotates, the drive shaft I4-3 drives the eccentric block 4-6 to rotate, and every rotation of the connecting arm 4-5 drives the connecting arm 4-5 to complete a push-pull stroke, so that the tertiary screen body 4-10 advances and rises, and retreats and sinks; when the tertiary screen body 4-10 advances and rises, the oil tea fruit is thrown up, and when the tertiary screen body 4-10 retreats and sinks, the oil tea fruit falls down, so that the oil tea fruit continuously moves forward and is sorted, the small fruit smaller than the small fruit screen hole 4-12 (the aperture is about 25mm) enters the flow guide bin 3, and the large and medium oil tea fruits continue to move forward, the oil tea fruits smaller than the medium fruit screen hole 4-13 (the aperture is about 40mm) fall down and enter the medium fruit huller 5, and the large fruits continue to move forward and enter the large fruit huller 7 from the large fruit outlet 4-11.
[0038] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the second transmission assembly includes swing bearing II11-5, drive shaft II11-7, swing rod II11-9, eccentric wheel 11-4 and pulley II11-6, and the screen frame is connected between the frame through the swing bearing II11-5; the drive shaft II11-7 is installed on the frame through the bearing, one end of the drive shaft II11-7 is provided with the pulley II11-6, and the other end is provided with the eccentric wheel 11-4, the eccentric wheel 11-4 is provided with the eccentric shaft II, one end of the swing rod II11-9 is connected with the eccentric shaft II through the joint bearing II11-8, and the other end is rotatably connected with the connecting lug 11-10 on the screen frame; when the pulley II11-6 rotates, the drive shaft II11-7 drives the eccentric wheel 11-4 to rotate, and every rotation of the swing rod II11-9 completes a push-pull stroke, the swing rod II11-9 pushes and pulls the connecting lug 11-10, so that the screen frame advances and rises, and retreats and sinks; when the screen frame advances and rises, the tea seeds and fruit shells are thrown up, and when the screen frame retreats and sinks, the tea seeds and fruit shells fall down, so that the tea seeds and fruit shells continuously move forward and are separated, the mesh hole of the large mesh screen layer 11-1 is an oval hole with a size of 24mm*28mm, and the aperture of the mesh hole of the medium mesh screen layer 11-2 is 10mm; the large mesh screen layer 11-1 can remove the obvious large fruit shells; reduce the burden of the roller and the mill for separating the fruit shells, the small mesh screen layer 11-3 can remove the residues, avoid the residues entering the filling groove roller 8-5, reduce the separation efficiency, and prolong the machine cleaning time.
[0039] In this embodiment, the power of the medium fruit huller 5, the first transmission assembly and the second transmission assembly all come from the driving motor 13-2, which can also be an independent motor drive. The large fruit huller 7 is driven by the independent large fruit huller driving motor 13-1. The driving motor 13-2 and the large fruit huller driving motor 13-1 are both installed on the frame. The driving motor 13-2 can simultaneously provide power for these three components. This design simplifies the power transmission system, reduces energy consumption and equipment cost, improves the overall operation efficiency of the equipment, and ensures the stability and reliability of power transmission.
[0040] Referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, Figure 1 and Figure 9 As shown in the drawings, the seed shell separator 8 comprises a separator frame, the upper part of the separator frame is provided with a seed shell separation mechanism, and the lower part is provided with a fruit shell conveyor 10. The seed shell separation mechanism comprises a plurality of smooth rollers 8-4, a plurality of groove rollers 8-5 arranged at intervals with the smooth rollers, and a driving mechanism for driving the rotation of the smooth rollers and the groove rollers. One end of the smooth roller 8-4 is meshed with one end of the groove roller 8-5 by means of a gear. The driving mechanism comprises a plurality of belt pulleys 8-8 and a fruit shell separation driving motor. The fruit shell separation driving motor is arranged at the bottom of the separator frame, the belt pulleys 8-8 are installed at one end of the groove rollers 8-5, and the fruit shell separation driving motor is connected with the belt pulleys 8-8 through a belt. Preferably, the fruit shell separation driving motor has three.
[0041] In this embodiment, the diameter of the groove roller 8-5 is 2.3 times the diameter of the smooth roller 8-1. The rolling surface of the smooth roller 8-4 is higher than that of the groove roller 8-5. The gap between the smooth roller 8-4 and the groove roller 8-5 is 2mm. When the tea seeds and fruit shells enter, the fruit shells are difficult to move forward due to their irregularity and large friction, and are blocked by the combined action of the smooth roller 8-4 and the blocking net 8-9. The fruit shells are separated during the rolling process of the smooth roller 8-1 and the groove roller 8-2, and fall into the fruit shell conveyor 10. The tea seeds are spherical and have small friction, so they are easily thrown forward and finally pushed to the tea seed conveying platform 9.
[0042] Referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, Figure 1 As shown in the drawings, the upper part of the separator frame is provided with a blocking net 8-9. The blocking net 8-9 comprises a horizontal section and an upward bending section. The upward bending section forms a feeding guide structure with the feeding port of the seed shell separation mechanism. This design helps to guide the tea seeds to smoothly enter the seed shell separation mechanism, ensures the smooth progress of the separation process, and avoids the fruit shells and tea seeds from being thrown out during the rolling process, thereby ensuring the quality and efficiency of the separation.
[0043] Referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the upper part of the frame is provided with an upper door 6 on both sides, and the air spring is arranged between the upper door 6 and the frame, and the upper door 6 can facilitate the machine maintenance; The lower part of the three-layer swing screen 11 is also provided with a slag removal conveyor 12, and the slag removal conveyor 12 can send out the slag; The power control box 1 is arranged on the frame, and the power control box is usually used to provide stable power support for the equipment, and control and distribute the power.
[0044] The wet oil tea fruit processing process of the utility model is as follows:
[0045] Start each link motor on the power control box 1, and the working parts start normal operation; Adjust the shunt or baffle of the three-way distributor to make the small fruit channel 3-3 conductive; Pour the wet oil tea fruit which has been piled and decomposed for 7-10 days into the material hopper 2-2 of the feeding machine 2; Slowly lift the feeding machine body 2-3 to send the wet oil tea fruit into the three-stage swing screen 4;
[0046] The driving motor 13-2 drives the belt pulley I4-2 to rotate through the belt 4-9, the driving shaft I4-3 drives the eccentric block 4-6 to rotate, and every rotation of the driving shaft I4-3 drives the connecting arm 4-5 to complete a push-pull stroke, so that the three-stage screen body 4-10 advances and rises, and retreats and sinks; When the three-stage screen body 4-10 advances and rises, the oil tea fruit is thrown up, and when it retreats and sinks, the oil tea fruit falls down; In this way, the oil tea fruit will continuously move forward and be sorted; The small fruit smaller than the small fruit screen hole 4-12 will enter the flow guide bin 3 from the small fruit channel 3-3 and be collected; After being dried and cracked, the oil tea fruit will be processed by the machine again; The large and medium oil tea fruit continues to move forward, and the oil tea fruit smaller than the medium fruit screen hole 4-13 will leak into the medium fruit huller 5; The large fruit continues to move forward and enters the large fruit huller 7 from the large fruit outlet 4-11.
[0047] Small fruit refers to a fruit type with a relatively small diameter and usually 1-2 tea seeds inside; Compared with large fruit and medium fruit, small fruit has a significantly smaller diameter, and the diameter of the tea seed inside is close to the outer diameter of the small fruit, which makes the tea seed prone to breakage during the hulling process; Therefore, it is not appropriate to set up a small fruit huller; The mesh size of the hulling screen 5-7 is larger than the small fruit, and the small fruit will enter the seed shell separator without being broken, which will cause the unbroken small fruit to mix with the tea seeds separated at the end, and manual selection is required, which greatly increases the workload; Therefore, only the small fruit is selected out through the small fruit channel 3-3, and after being dried and cracked, the outer diameter becomes larger, and the tea seed will not be damaged when entering the huller;
[0048] The broken tea seeds and shells fall on the three-layer swinging screen 11, the driving motor 13-2 drives the belt pulley II 11-6 through the belt 4-9 to rotate, the driving shaft II 11-7 drives the eccentric wheel 11-4 to rotate, and each rotation of the driving shaft II 11-7 completes a push-pull stroke of the swing lever II 11-9, the swing lever II 11-9 pushes and pulls the connecting lug 11-10, so that the screen frame moves forward and rises, and moves backward and sinks, when the screen frame moves forward and rises, the tea seeds and shells are thrown upward, and when the screen frame moves backward and sinks, the tea seeds and shells fall down, so that the tea seeds and shells are continuously separated, the large holes of the screen layer 11-1 can remove the obvious large shells and impurities, the burden of the roller pair of the shell separation roller pair is reduced, the normal size tea seeds and shells enter the seed-shell separation machine 8, the tea seeds with a diameter smaller than the mesh of the medium hole screen layer 11-2 are easily crushed in the seed-shell separation machine 8, so the tea seeds are separated out, the small hole screen layer 11-3 can remove the residues, the residues are thrown away by the residue removal conveyor 12, the residues are prevented from entering the filling groove roller, the separation efficiency is reduced, and the machine cleaning time is prolonged, and the risk of crushing the tea seeds due to different sizes can be reduced to a certain extent through the two sets of shell breaking machines.
[0049] The seed-shell separation machine 8 is driven by the driving motors 8-1, 8-2 and 8-3 to rotate the belt disc 8-8 through a transmission belt, the belt disc 8-8 is connected with the groove roller 8-5, when the groove roller 8-5 rotates, the upper groove roller gear 8-6 drives the light roller gear 8-7 to rotate in pairs, so that the light roller 8-4 and the groove roller 8-5 form a roller pair working state, the structure of the seed-shell separation machine 8 is that the diameter of the light roller 8-4 is small and the rotating speed is high, the diameter of the groove roller 8-5 is large and the rotating speed is slightly low, the diameter of the groove roller 8-5 is 2.3 times the diameter of the light roller 8-1, the diameter of the groove roller 8-5 connecting gear is 1.3 times the diameter of the light roller 8-1 connecting gear, and the top surface of the light roller 8-4 is slightly higher than the top surface of the groove roller 8-5, and the gap is about 2mm.
[0050] The dry oil tea fruit processing process of the utility model is as follows:
[0051] Start each link motor on the power control box 1, the working parts start normal operation, through the adjustment of the three-way distributor shunt or baffle to make dry tea seed channel 3-2 conduction, pour the dry oil tea fruit into the 2-2 material hopper of the feeding machine 2, the feeding machine body 2-3 slowly lifts, the dry oil tea fruit is sent into the three-stage swing screen 4, the driving motor 13-2 drives the belt pulley I 4-2 to rotate through the belt 4-9, the driving shaft I 4-3 drives the eccentric block 4-6 to rotate, every rotation of the swing rod I 4-1 drives the connecting arm 4-5 to complete a push-pull stroke, so that the three-stage screen body 4-10 advances and rises, and retreats and sinks, when the three-stage swing screen 4 advances and rises, the oil tea fruit is thrown up, and when it is pulled back, the oil tea fruit falls down, so that the oil tea fruit continuously moves forward and is sorted,
[0052] Because the dry oil tea fruit bursts, more tea seeds have been separated from the shell, and the tea seeds smaller than the small fruit screen hole 4-12 will enter the flow guide bin 3 and be directly introduced into the three-layer swing screen 11 from the dry tea seed channel 3-2, so that the step of entering the hulling machine is avoided, the probability of damage to the tea seeds is reduced, and the small and medium oil tea fruits continue to move forward, the oil tea fruits smaller than the medium fruit screen hole 4-13 fall down and enter the medium fruit hulling machine 5, and the large fruits continue to move forward and enter the large fruit hulling machine 7 from the large fruit outlet 4-11;
[0053] The tea seeds and fruit shells fall onto the three-layer swing screen 11, the driving motor 13-2 drives the belt pulley II 11-6 to rotate through the belt 4-9, the driving shaft II 11-7 drives the eccentric wheel 11-4 to rotate, every rotation of the swing rod II 11-9 completes a push-pull stroke, the swing rod II 11-9 pushes and pulls the connecting ear 11-10, so that the screen frame advances and rises, and retreats and sinks, when the screen frame advances and rises, the tea seeds and fruit shells are thrown up, and when it retreats and sinks, the tea seeds and fruit shells fall down, so that the tea seeds and fruit shells continuously move forward and are separated, the large-hole screen layer 11-1 can remove obvious large fruit shells and impurities; reduce the burden of the roller and the roller for removing residue in the fruit shell separation, the normal size tea seeds and fruit shells enter the seed shell separator 8, the tea seeds with a diameter smaller than the mesh of the medium-hole screen layer 11-2 are easily crushed in the seed shell separator 8, so they are separated here, the small-hole screen layer 11-3 can remove residue, the residue is thrown away to the residue removal conveyor 12, avoiding the residue entering the filling groove roller, reducing the separation efficiency, prolonging the machine cleaning time, and through the two sets of hulling machines, the risk of crushing the tea seeds due to different sizes can be reduced to a certain extent,
[0054] The seed shell separator 8 is driven by the driving motor 8-1, 8-2, 8-3 through the transmission belt to rotate the pulley 8-8, the pulley 8-8 is connected with the groove roller 8-5, when the groove roller 8-5 rotates, the upper groove roller gear 8-6 drives the light roller gear 8-7 to rotate in pairs, so that the light roller 8-4 and the groove roller 8-5 form a pair of roller milling working state. The structure of the seed shell separator 8 is that the diameter of the light roller 8-4 is small and the rotating speed is high, the diameter of the groove roller 8-5 is large and the rotating speed is slightly low, the diameter of the groove roller 8-5 is 2.3 times of the diameter of the light roller 8-1, the diameter of the connecting gear of the groove roller 8-5 is 1.3 times of the diameter of the connecting gear of the light roller 8-1, the rolling surface of the light roller 8-4 is higher than the rolling surface of the groove roller 8-5, and the gap is about 2mm. When the tea seeds and the fruit shells enter, the fruit shells are irregular and have large friction, and are difficult to move forward under the joint action of the light roller 8-4 and the blocking net 8-9. The light roller 8-4 and the groove roller 8-5 are easily pulled down during the rotation process, and fall into the fruit shell conveyor 10. The tea seeds are spherical and have small friction, and are easily thrown forward. Finally, the tea seeds are pushed to the tea seed conveyor 9. Two people can stand on both sides of the tea seed conveyor 9, and a small amount of damaged tea seeds or fruit shells can be manually selected. Finally, the tea seeds flow into the tea seed collecting frame.
[0055] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present application and the advantages of the present application. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present application is not limited to the details of the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments, and the present application can be realized in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present application. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and therefore all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present application. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.
[0056] In addition, it should be understood that although the present application is described in the form of embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution, and the description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand.
Claims
1. A dual-purpose (dry and wet) camellia fruit peeling and separating machine, characterized in that: It includes a feeding machine (2), a grading and shelling machine, a seed shell separator (8), and a tea seed conveyor (9); The grading, shelling, and slag removal machine includes a frame, with a three-stage gyratory screen (4) on the upper part of the frame. The three-stage gyratory screen (4) includes a three-stage screen body (4-10) and a first transmission component that drives the three-stage screen body (4-10) to oscillate back and forth. The grading inlet side of the three-stage gyratory screen (4) is connected to the outlet of the feeder (2). Below the three-stage gyratory screen (4), along the grading direction, are arranged a guide chamber (3), a medium-sized fruit shelling machine (5), and a large-sized fruit shelling machine (7). The medium-sized fruit shelling machine (5) and the large-sized fruit shelling machine (7) are arranged sequentially. The shell-breaking machine (7) is provided with three layers of swing screens (11) below. The three layers of swing screens (11) include a screen frame and a second transmission component that drives the screen frame to swing back and forth. The screen frame is provided with a large-hole screen layer (11-1), a medium-hole screen layer (11-2) and a small-hole screen layer (11-3) from top to bottom. Each screen layer is provided with an outlet. The outlet of the medium-hole screen layer (11-2) is connected to the inlet of the seed shell separator (8). The outlet of the seed shell separator (8) is connected to the inlet of the tea seed conveyor (9). The flow guide chamber (3) includes a three-way distributor. The inlet of the three-way distributor is equipped with a hopper (3-4). The two outlets of the three-way distributor correspond to the dry tea seed channel (3-2) and the small fruit channel (3-3) respectively. The outlet of the dry tea seed channel (3-2) is located above the three-layer oscillating screen (11).
2. The dry and wet dual-purpose camellia fruit peeling and separating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medium-sized fruit shelling machine (5) and the large fruit shelling machine (7) have the same structure, both including a feeding hopper (5-1), a shelling chamber (5-2), a support frame (5-3), a rotating shaft (5-4), a fixed plate (5-5), a shelling roller (5-6), a shelling screen (5-7), and a pulley III (5-8). The shelling chamber (5-2) is mounted on the machine frame via the support frame (5-3). The upper part of the shelling chamber (5-2) is equipped with a feeding hopper (5-1), and the bottom is equipped with a shelling screen (5-7). The rotating shaft (5-4) is located inside the shelling chamber (5-2). The two ends of the shaft (5-4) are respectively mounted on the frame by bearings. The two ends of the shaft (5-4) located inside the shell-breaking chamber (5-2) are respectively provided with fixed discs (5-5). Several shell-breaking rollers (5-6) are provided between the two fixed discs (5-5). The end of the shaft (5-4) that extends out of the shell-breaking chamber (5-2) is provided with a pulley III (5-8). The mesh of the shell-breaking screen (5-7) is elliptical. The mesh size of the shell-breaking screen (5-7) of the large fruit shell-breaking machine (7) is larger than that of the shell-breaking screen (5-7) of the medium fruit shell-breaking machine (5).
3. The dry and wet dual-purpose camellia fruit peeling and separating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-stage screen body (4-10) has a large fruit outlet (4-11) corresponding to the large fruit shelling machine (7) on one side, and a small fruit screen hole (4-12) corresponding to the hopper (3-4) and a medium fruit screen hole (4-13) corresponding to the medium fruit shelling machine (5) on the three-stage screen body (4-10).
4. The dry and wet dual-purpose camellia fruit peeling and separating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transmission assembly includes a rocker bearing I (4-7), a connecting arm (4-5), a drive shaft I (4-3), a pulley I (4-2), and an eccentric block (4-6). The three-stage screen body (4-10) is connected to the frame via the rocker bearing I (4-7). The three-stage screen body (4-10) is provided with a connecting arm (4-5) near the bottom of the inlet side. The drive shaft I (4-3) is mounted on the upper part of the frame near the inlet side via a bearing. One end of the drive shaft I (4-3) is provided with a pulley I (4-2), and the other end of the drive shaft I (4-3) is provided with an eccentric block (4-6). An eccentric shaft I (4-8) is provided on the eccentric block (4-6). One end of the rocker arm I (4-1) is connected to the eccentric shaft I (4-8) via a spherical bearing I (4-4), and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting arm (4-5).
5. The dry and wet dual-purpose camellia fruit peeling and separating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second transmission assembly includes a rocker bearing II (11-5), a drive shaft II (11-7), a rocker arm II (11-9), an eccentric wheel (11-4), and a pulley II (11-6). The screen frame and the machine frame are connected by the rocker bearing II (11-5). The drive shaft II (11-7) is mounted on the machine frame by bearings. One end of the drive shaft II (11-7) is provided with a pulley II (11-6), and the other end is provided with an eccentric wheel (11-4). An eccentric shaft II is provided on the eccentric wheel (11-4). One end of the rocker arm II (11-9) is connected to the eccentric shaft II through a spherical bearing II (11-8), and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting lug (11-10) on the screen frame.
6. The dry and wet dual-purpose camellia fruit peeling and separating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power of the fruit shelling machine (5), the first transmission component and the second transmission component all come from the drive motor (13-2), which is mounted on the frame.
7. The dry and wet dual-purpose camellia fruit peeling and separating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed shell separator (8) includes a separator frame, with a seed shell separation mechanism on the upper part of the separator frame and a fruit shell conveyor (10) on the lower part. The seed shell separation mechanism includes multiple smooth rollers (8-4), multiple grooved rollers (8-5) arranged at intervals with the smooth rollers, and a drive mechanism for driving the smooth rollers and grooved rollers to rotate. One end of the smooth roller (8-4) meshes with one end of the grooved roller (8-5) by gears. The drive mechanism includes several pulleys (8-8) and a seed shell separation drive motor. The seed shell separation drive motor is located at the bottom of the separation frame. The pulleys (8-8) are installed at one end of the grooved rollers (8-5). The seed shell separation drive motor is connected to the pulleys (8-8) by belts.
8. A dry and wet dual-purpose camellia fruit peeling and separating machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The diameter of the grooved roller (8-5) is 2.3 times the diameter of the smooth roller (8-1). The rolling surface of the smooth roller (8-4) is higher than the rolling surface of the grooved roller (8-5). The gap between the smooth roller (8-4) and the grooved roller (8-5) is 2 mm.
9. A dry and wet dual-purpose camellia fruit peeling and separating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the separator frame is provided with a baffle (8-9), which includes a horizontal section and an upward bending section. The upward bending section forms a feeding guide structure with the feed inlet of the seed shell separation mechanism.
10. A dry and wet dual-purpose camellia fruit peeling and separating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper two sides of the frame are provided with flip-up doors (6), and gas springs are provided between the flip-up doors (6) and the frame; a slag removal conveyor (12) is also provided below the three-layer swing screen (11).