Air capture system coupled with solid oxide fuel cell and heat pump
By coupling the air capture system of solid oxide fuel cells and heat pumps, the waste heat of high-temperature exhaust gas from SOFCs is recovered to drive the heat pump unit, providing steam and heat energy for the DAC unit. This solves the problem of high energy consumption of DACs and achieves low-cost near-zero emissions and efficient carbon capture.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423253922.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-06
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-28
AI Technical Summary
Existing DAC technology consumes a lot of energy and electricity during carbon capture, resulting in high carbon capture costs, and the waste heat from SOFC exhaust gas is not fully utilized.
Design an air capture system that couples a solid oxide fuel cell with a heat pump. The heat pump recovers the waste heat from the high-temperature exhaust gas of the SOFC, drives the DAC unit to provide steam and heat energy, and combines it with a solid amine adsorbent to capture CO2, achieving near-zero emissions.
It reduces the electricity cost of DAC units, achieves near-zero emissions from SOFCs, and improves energy utilization and carbon capture efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223874449U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to air capture technical field, concretely relates to a kind of air capture system of coupling solid oxide fuel cell and heat pump. BACKGROUND
[0002] Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system is a kind of power generation equipment with high power generation efficiency, low emission level and strong fuel adaptability. SOFC power generation system using hydrogen as fuel can achieve zero emission, but when using hydrocarbon fuel for power generation, CO2 will be generated, and the SOFC tail gas needs to be treated. In addition, the SOFC tail gas waste heat has very high utilization value, and by coupling other process, the comprehensive utilization rate of energy can be further improved.
[0003] Current carbon emission reduction technology mainly captures carbon at the source to achieve the purpose of carbon emission reduction. To achieve the goal of net zero carbon dioxide emission, negative emission technology is needed to capture carbon from the atmosphere to reduce the CO2 content in the atmosphere. Direct air capture (DAC) technology can capture CO2 directly from the air by using adsorbents, providing a new way to achieve negative CO2 emissions. However, DAC technology is still in development, and the heat and electricity consumed in carbon capture using DAC technology is large, and the cost of carbon capture is high. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0004] The utility model aims to design a kind of air capture system of coupling solid oxide fuel cell and heat pump, which can realize SOFC power generation to drive heat pump unit and DAC unit, coupled heat pump recovers SOFC high-temperature tail gas waste heat, for producing steam, which can provide corresponding steam and heat energy for DAC carbon capture, to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: an air capture system of coupling solid oxide fuel cell and heat pump is provided, which includes SOFC module, heat pump unit and DAC unit. The heat pump unit includes evaporator, compressor, first condenser, and the evaporator, compressor, first condenser and evaporator are connected in sequence by pipeline. The SOFC module is connected to the evaporator by tail gas discharge pipe. The DAC unit includes regenerative fan and air contactor. The first condenser is connected to the regenerative fan by steam delivery pipeline. The regenerative fan is connected to the air contactor by pipeline. The evaporator is connected to the air contactor by tail gas delivery pipeline. The air contactor is connected to the purified gas delivery pipeline.
[0006] Further, a throttle valve is installed on the pipeline between the first condenser and the evaporator.
[0007] Further, an air blower is installed on the tail gas conveying pipeline.
[0008] Further, the DAC unit further comprises a second condenser connected with the air contactor through a pipeline, and the second condenser is communicated with a CO2 collecting pipeline.
[0009] Further, the second condenser is communicated with the first condenser through a condensate water conveying pipeline.
[0010] Further, a water pump is installed on the condensate water conveying pipeline.
[0011] Further, the second condenser is communicated with a refrigerant medium circulation loop.
[0012] Further, the air contactor is communicated with an air input pipeline, and an air blower is installed on the air input pipeline.
[0013] Further, a filter is installed on the air input pipeline.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
[0015] The SOFC module, the heat pump unit and the DAC unit are arranged, the SOFC power generation is used for driving the heat pump unit and the DAC unit, the power supply from the power grid of the heat pump unit and the DAC unit in the carbon capture process is reduced, and the power consumption cost of carbon capture is reduced. The SOFC high-temperature tail gas is coupled with the heat pump to recover the waste heat of the SOFC high-temperature tail gas, the refrigerant medium in the evaporator absorbs the heat from the SOFC module high-temperature tail gas after the SOFC high-temperature tail gas is condensed in the evaporator, the refrigerant medium is pressurized and heated by the compressor, is delivered to the first condenser, the refrigerant medium is condensed by heat release in the first condenser, and finally flows back to the evaporator. The circulating water of the first condenser is heated to form water vapor, is delivered to the air contactor under the action of the regenerative blower, and provides corresponding steam and heat energy for the DAC carbon capture. The condensed SOFC tail gas is directly delivered to the air contactor, the CO2 in the tail gas is selectively adsorbed by the adsorbent in the air contactor, the purified tail gas is discharged through the purified gas conveying pipeline of the air contactor, the SOFC tail gas is subjected to decarburization treatment by the DAC unit, and near-zero emission of the SOFC is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.
[0017] Figure 1 The whole structure schematic view of the utility model.
[0018] The names of the components marked in the figure are as follows:
[0019] 1, SOFC module; 2, heat pump unit; 3, DAC unit; 4, evaporator; 5, compressor; 6, first condenser; 7, tail gas discharge pipe; 8, regenerative fan; 9, air contactor; 10, steam delivery pipeline; 11, tail gas delivery pipeline; 12, purified gas delivery pipeline; 13, throttle valve; 14, induced draft fan; 15, second condenser; 16, CO2 collection pipeline; 17, condensate delivery pipeline; 18, water pump; 19, refrigerant medium circulation loop; 20, air input pipeline; 21, air fan; 22, filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the utility model to achieve the predetermined utility model purposes, the specific embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the utility model are described in detail as follows in combination with the drawings and preferred embodiments.
[0021] Embodiment: please refer to Figure 1 An air capture system coupling a solid oxide fuel cell and a heat pump, comprising a SOFC module 1, a heat pump unit 2 and a DAC unit 3. The power generated by the SOFC can supply the heat pump unit 2 and the DAC unit 3, reducing the power consumption of the heat pump unit 2 and the DAC unit 3 from the power grid during carbon capture, reducing the electricity cost of carbon capture. In addition, SOFC power generation is carried out under high temperature conditions, and the SOFC tail gas still has a high temperature of 150-200 DEG C, which has very high utilization value. In order to fully recover and utilize the high-temperature waste heat of SOFC, the system couples the heat pump unit 2 to recover this waste heat to produce steam. The waste heat of SOFC high-temperature tail gas can reduce the power consumption of the heat pump unit 2, thereby greatly reducing the steam production cost of the heat pump unit 2.
[0022] The heat pump unit 2 comprises an evaporator 4, a compressor 5, a first condenser 6 and a throttling valve 13, and the evaporator 4, the compressor 5, the first condenser 6, the throttling valve 13 and the evaporator 4 are sequentially connected through pipes, and the SOFC module 1 is connected with the evaporator 4 through a tail gas discharge pipe 7. The heat pump unit 2 is composed of the evaporator 4, the compressor 5, the first condenser 6 and the throttling valve 13, and the refrigerant medium of the heat pump unit 2 sequentially passes through the evaporator 4, the compressor 5, the first condenser 6, the throttling valve 13 and the evaporator 4 in the flow direction, thereby forming a circulating loop. The refrigerant medium absorbs heat from the high-temperature tail gas of the SOFC module 1 in the evaporator 4 to be warmed up, is pressurized and warmed up by the compressor 5, and then flows to the first condenser 6 to be condensed by heat release, and then returns to the evaporator 4 through the throttling valve 13, thereby repeatedly working in a cycle.
[0023] The DAC unit 3 comprises a regenerative blower 8, an air contactor 9 and a second condenser 15, the first condenser 6 is connected with the regenerative blower 8 through a steam conveying pipe 10, the regenerative blower 8 is connected with the air contactor 9 through a pipe, the evaporator 4 is connected with the air contactor 9 through a tail gas conveying pipe 11, an air blower 14 is installed on the tail gas conveying pipe 11, the air contactor 9 is connected with a purified gas conveying pipe 12 for discharging the purified gas. The second condenser 15 is connected with the air contactor 9 through a pipe, and the second condenser 15 is connected with a CO2 collecting pipe 16. The high-temperature tail gas waste heat of the SOFC is recovered by the coupled heat pump, the refrigerant medium in the evaporator 4 exchanges heat with the high-temperature tail gas to be heated, is pressurized and warmed up by the compressor 5, and then is conveyed to the first condenser 6 to heat the circulating water to form water vapor, and is conveyed to the air contactor 9 under the action of the regenerative blower 8 to provide corresponding steam and heat energy for the DAC to capture carbon; the condensed SOFC tail gas is directly conveyed to the air contactor 9, the CO2 in the tail gas is selectively adsorbed by the adsorbent in the air contactor 9, the purified tail gas is discharged through the purified gas conveying pipe 12 of the air contactor 9, the SOFC tail gas is decarburized by the DAC unit 3, and the near-zero emission of the SOFC is realized. Among them, the DAC unit 3 adopts the solid amine adsorbent DAC technology, the adsorbent in the air contactor 9 adopts the solid amine adsorbent, the CO2 in the air is selectively adsorbed by the adsorbent arranged in the air contactor 9, the steam generated by the heat pump unit 2 is transported to the air contactor 9 by the regenerative blower 8 to provide a heat source to heat the adsorbent, the CO2 in the adsorbent is separated from the adsorbent in the water vapor at about 100℃, and then is taken away from the air contactor 9. The steam and the CO2 mixed gas are condensed in the second condenser 15, and high-concentration CO2 is obtained after gas-liquid separation and enters the CO2 collecting pipe 16 for recovery. Through the above process, the purposes of purifying air and capturing carbon can be achieved.
[0024] The second condenser 15 is communicated with the first condenser 6 through a condensate water conveying pipeline 17, and a water pump 18 is installed on the condensate water conveying pipeline 17. The condensate water in the second condenser 15 is returned to the first condenser 6 through the condensate water conveying pipeline 17 under the action of the water pump 18, and exchanges heat with the refrigerant medium pressurized and heated by the compressor 5 in the first condenser 6, and then forms steam to supply the DAC unit 3 to form a circulating loop. The second condenser 15 is also communicated with a refrigerant medium circulating loop 19. The refrigerant medium circulating loop 19 enables the refrigerant medium in the second condenser 15 to cool the steam and carbon dioxide mixed gas, and the refrigerant medium is heated and then can supply heat to the outside through an external waste heat recovery device. Coupling the solid oxide fuel cell with the heat pump, the heat pump can provide steam and heat for carbon capture of the DAC unit 3, and reduce the carbon capture cost of the DAC unit 3. The heat pump is used to supply steam, and water in the DAC unit 3 can be recycled. The circulating water is formed by the first condenser 6, a regenerative blower 8, an air contactor 9, the second condenser 15, and the water pump 18. The circulating water is heated and evaporated to form steam in the first condenser 6, and is transported to the air contactor 9 under the negative pressure generated by the regenerative blower 8 to purge and regenerate the adsorbent. The steam rich in CO2 enters the second condenser 15 to exchange heat with the refrigerant medium in the second condenser 15, and the steam is condensed into liquid water and returned to the first condenser 6 under the action of the water pump 18 to continue to absorb heat and evaporate to form steam again.
[0025] The air contactor 9 is communicated with an air input pipeline 20, and an air blower 21 is installed on the air input pipeline 20. A filter 22 is installed on the air input pipeline 20. The filter 22 is used to filter impurity particles in the air to avoid affecting the adsorption of CO2 by the adsorbent in the air contactor 9, and to avoid pollution of the circulating condensate water by the impurity particles in the air. Thus, the atmospheric carbon capture reduces the CO2 content in the atmosphere.
[0026] The working principle of the utility model is: the high-temperature tail gas of SOFC module 1 is transported to evaporator 4 through tail gas discharge pipe 7, the high-temperature tail gas exchanges heat with the refrigerant medium in evaporator 4, the refrigerant medium in evaporator 4 absorbs the heat from the high-temperature tail gas of SOFC module 1 and gets heated up. Then the refrigerant medium after heat absorption is pressurized and heated up by compressor 5 and is transported to first condenser 6, wherein the refrigerant medium is condensed by releasing heat in first condenser 6 and is returned to evaporator 4 after throttle valve 13; the condensed circulating water in first condenser 6 is heated to form water vapor and is transported to air contactor 9 under the action of regenerative blower 8 to provide corresponding steam and heat energy for DAC carbon capture; the condensed SOFC tail gas is directly transported to air contactor 9 by induced draft fan 14, the CO2 in the tail gas is selectively adsorbed by the adsorbent in air contactor 9, the purified tail gas is discharged through purified gas delivery pipeline 12 of air contactor 9, the steam and CO2 mixed gas in air contactor 9 is condensed in second condenser 15, high-concentration CO2 is obtained after gas-liquid separation and enters CO2 collection pipeline 16 for recycling. At the same time, the condensed water in second condenser 15 is returned to first condenser 6 through condensed water delivery pipeline 17 under the action of water pump 18, exchanges heat with the refrigerant medium pressurized and heated up by compressor 5 in first condenser 6, and is reformed into steam for DAC unit 3 after heat absorption, forming a circulating loop, and working in this way.
[0027] It is to be understood that when an element such as a layer, region or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements can also be present. In addition, it should be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements can be present. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0028] The above merely illustrates the preferred embodiments of the utility model, and does not limit the utility model in any form, although the utility model has been disclosed as above with the preferred embodiments, however, it is not used to limit the utility model, any person skilled in the art, without departing from the technical scheme range of the utility model, can make some changes or modifications for the equivalent embodiments with the disclosed technical content, but as long as it does not depart from the technical scheme content of the utility model, according to the technical essence of the utility model, any simplification, modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments, still belongs to the range of the technical scheme of the utility model.
Claims
1. An air capture system coupling a solid oxide fuel cell with a heat pump, characterized by: The application relates to a system for producing electricity and clean energy, which comprises a SOFC module (1), a heat pump unit (2) and a DAC unit (3), wherein the heat pump unit (2) comprises an evaporator (4), a compressor (5) and a first condenser (6), the evaporator (4), the compressor (5) and the first condenser (6) are sequentially connected through pipelines, the SOFC module (1) is connected with the evaporator (4) through a tail gas discharge pipeline (7), the DAC unit (3) comprises a regenerative fan (8) and an air contactor (9), the first condenser (6) is connected with the regenerative fan (8) through a steam conveying pipeline (10), the regenerative fan (8) is connected with the air contactor (9) through a pipeline, the evaporator (4) is connected with the air contactor (9) through a tail gas conveying pipeline (11), and the air contactor (9) is connected with a purified gas conveying pipeline (12).
2. The air capture system coupling a solid oxide fuel cell with a heat pump of claim 1, wherein: A throttle valve (13) is arranged on the pipeline between the first condenser (6) and the evaporator (4).
3. The air capture system coupling a solid oxide fuel cell with a heat pump of claim 1, wherein: An air draught fan (14) is arranged on the tail gas conveying pipeline (11).
4. The air capture system coupling a solid oxide fuel cell with a heat pump of claim 1, wherein: The DAC unit (3) further comprises a second condenser (15), the second condenser (15) is connected with the air contactor (9) through a pipeline, and the second condenser (15) is connected with a CO2 collecting pipeline (16).
5. The air capture system coupling a solid oxide fuel cell with a heat pump of claim 4, wherein: The second condenser (15) is connected with the first condenser (6) through a condensate water conveying pipeline (17).
6. The air capture system coupling a solid oxide fuel cell with a heat pump of claim 5, wherein: A water pump (18) is arranged on the condensate water conveying pipeline (17).
7. The air capture system coupling a solid oxide fuel cell with a heat pump of claim 4, wherein: The second condenser (15) is connected with a refrigerant medium circulating loop (19).
8. The air capture system coupling a solid oxide fuel cell with a heat pump of claim 1, wherein: The air contactor (9) is connected with an air input pipeline (20), and an air fan (21) is arranged on the air input pipeline (20).
9. The air capture system coupling a solid oxide fuel cell with a heat pump of claim 8, wherein: A filter (22) is arranged on the air input pipeline (20).