Permanent and temporary combined soil dam flexible overtopping protection structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to a flexible overtopping protection structure of a permanent and temporary combined soil dam, which is characterized in that a protection structure is laid on the soil dam and comprises a plurality of protection units; every two adjacent protection units are bonded together; each protection unit comprises a flexible layer with holes, a flat-bag-shaped reinforcing layer and an anti-scour layer, a plurality of reinforcing nails are further arranged on the reinforcing layer, and the reinforcing nails penetrate through the corresponding holes and then are inserted into the dam body; protection units are laid among the dam foot, the backwater side dam face and the dam crest to form a permanent protection structure, and a pavement structure is arranged on the dam crest of the permanent protection structure. Protection units are laid among the dam foot, the downstream side dam face and the dam crest, the protection unit of the dam crest extends to the upstream side dam face to form a temporary protection structure, and the reinforcing layers are filled with reinforcing materials. The dam protection device can achieve combination of permanent protection and temporary rescue at the same time, has a good protection effect on a dam, prevents the dam face from being impacted by water flow for a long time, and reduces the risk of overtopping and burst.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to water conservancy project protection technical field especially relates to permanent and temporary combination soil embankment flexible overtopping protection structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Reservoir dam is the important basis of flood control system, and once dam breaches, the loss is great. According to the statistics in the reservoir dam breach case, 51% is overtopping dam breach, and overtopping dam breach is mainly earth-rockfill dam, the main reason is that earth-rockfill dam refers to the water retaining dam formed by local soil, stone or mixed material through throwing, rolling and other methods, and the earth-rockfill dam is constructed early, the design standard is low, and the anti-erosion capacity is poor. Once the earth-rockfill dam encounters flood exceeding the design standard, the dam will be overtopped by flood, and the flood forms penetration, scouring and erosion on the surface of the dam body, which promotes the rapid breaching of the earth-rockfill dam, and seriously threatens the safety of people's life and property, so it is very important to develop overtopping protection technology for small and medium-sized earth-rockfill dams.

[0003] The authorized publication number CN218233343U discloses an ecological reinforcing structure for temporary water passing of earth-rockfill dam, iron wire mesh is laid on the earth-rockfill dam, and the iron wire mesh is fixed on the earth-rockfill dam through anchor nails, and finally vegetation concrete is laid on the iron wire mesh to realize the reinforcement of the earth-rockfill dam. The reinforcing structure needs to clean and smooth the surface of the earth-rockfill dam when applied, and then the iron wire mesh and the vegetation concrete are arranged, the whole reinforcing period is long, many labors are consumed, and the input cost is high.

[0004] At present, the common way for dam surface rapid protection is geotextile, the material is widely sourced and convenient to use, so it is applied more, but the combination ability of the geotextile with the dam surface is poor, the anti-erosion capacity is insufficient, and once the geotextile is not combined tightly and falls off, the flood will scour the dam surface. Therefore, a team has developed a multi-layer composite protection structure capable of resisting high-speed water flow scouring, which has the advantages of high rescue efficiency and reusability. However, with the frequent occurrence of extreme weather, more and more soil embankments are facing the risk of overtopping breaching, various types of embankments are different, and the service environment is various, so there is an urgent need for comprehensive technology that can realize the effective combination of permanent protection and temporary rescue, and at the same time, the technology requires simple construction and simple process, and has good adaptability to different embankment structures. SUMMARY

[0005] The utility model discloses in order to solve the problem that the single geotextile protection measure of prior art is narrow in application range and weak in anti-erosion capacity, provide permanent and temporary combination soil embankment flexible overtopping protection structure, realize the protection of embankment through the corresponding protection structure arranged on the dam body's backwater side, the protection structure can adapt to the dam surface topography and closely adhere to the dam surface, and can meet the needs of temporary rescue and realize permanent protection, effectively reduce the penetration, scouring and erosion of flood on the dam surface, and greatly reduce the risk of overtopping dam breach.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is:

[0007] The permanent protection structure is formed by laying the protection units between the dam foot, the backwater side dam face and the dam top, and a road surface structure is arranged on the dam top of the permanent protection structure, which covers the protection units above.

[0008] The two adjacent protection units are overlapped and bonded together after lapping, so that the bonding force between the protection units is improved.

[0009] The permanent protection structure is formed by laying the protection units between the dam foot, the backwater side dam face and the dam top, and a road surface structure is arranged on the dam top of the permanent protection structure, which covers the protection units above.

[0010] The two adjacent protection units are overlapped and bonded together after lapping, so that the bonding force between the protection units is improved.

[0011] Further, the width of each protection unit is 2-5 m, the width of the protection unit of the temporary protection structure is 3-5 m, so that the protection unit can be quickly laid, and the width of the protection unit of the permanent protection structure is not greater than 3 m, so that each protection unit can be overlapped with each other.

[0012] Further, the two adjacent protection units are overlapped, so that the contact area is increased, and the overlapping part of the two adjacent protection units is fixed by hot melting; the overlapping part of the two adjacent protection units is also bonded with a fiber cloth, the fiber cloth is a high-bonding fiber cloth, the fiber cloth covers the overlapping position of the two adjacent protection units, and the tensile capacity between the protection units is further improved.

[0013] Further, the flexible layer is a layer structure made of a flexible cloth body which is self-adaptive to the terrain, and the plurality of holes in the flexible layer are arranged in a rectangular array; the anti-impact layer is a layer structure made of a waterproof and wear-resistant flexible cloth body, and the width of the anti-impact layer is consistent with the width of the flexible layer; the width of the reinforcing layer is smaller than the width of the anti-impact layer.

[0014] Further, the reinforcing layer and the flexible layer are fixed by adhesive, and the reinforcing layer and the impact protection layer are fixed by extrusion and melting of adhesive fibers; the impact protection layer extends beyond the reinforcing layer on both sides and is fixed to the flexible layer on both sides.

[0015] Further, the reinforcing layer is of a segmented structure, facilitating filling of reinforcing materials into the reinforcing layer; the reinforcing layer comprises short reinforcing layers and long reinforcing layers which are arranged in a linear form on the left and right sides, and the short reinforcing layers are laid at the dam foot, and the long reinforcing layers are laid between the dam top and the dam surface on the downstream side.

[0016] Further, the short reinforcing layer and the long reinforcing layer are both of a flat bag structure with one end open and made of a waterproof and sealed flexible cloth.

[0017] The short reinforcing layer is open at one end away from the long reinforcing layer, and the long reinforcing layer is open at one end away from the short reinforcing layer; the open ends of the short reinforcing layer and the long reinforcing layer are both provided with waterproof zippers, facilitating opening and closing of the reinforcing layer.

[0018] Further, the reinforcing nails are conical, and the reinforcing nails are inserted into the dam body through the holes after penetrating the reinforcing layer; the distance between the reinforcing nails is 0.5-2 m, and the length of the reinforcing nails is 0.1-0.3 m.

[0019] In the protection unit of the temporary protection structure, the distance between the reinforcing nails is 1-2 m, and the length of the reinforcing nails is 0.1-0.2 m; in the protection unit of the permanent protection structure, the distance between the reinforcing nails is 0.5-1 m, and the length of the reinforcing nails is 0.2-0.3 m.

[0020] Further, the reinforcing material is one of sand and stone material and solidified sand and stone; different reinforcing materials are selected according to different protection forms; in the protection unit of the temporary protection structure, the reinforcing material filled in the reinforcing layer is sand and stone material which can be obtained locally; in the protection unit of the permanent protection structure, the reinforcing material filled in the reinforcing layer is solidified sand and stone which is used for permanent reinforcement.

[0021] Further, in the protection unit of the temporary protection structure, the reinforcing material is filled in the reinforcing layer at the dam foot and the dam surface on the downstream side, or the reinforcing material is filled in the reinforcing layer at the dam foot, the dam surface on the upstream side, the dam top and the dam surface on the downstream side.

[0022] In the protection unit of the permanent protection structure, the reinforcing material is filled in the reinforcing layer at the dam foot, the dam surface on the upstream side and the dam top.

[0023] Through the above technical solutions, the utility model has the advantages of:

[0024] The utility model discloses reasonable structure design mainly arranges multiple protection units on the dam body's backwater slope, and the multiple protection units are arranged along the length direction of the dam body, can cover the dam. The protection units are fixedly connected between each other, and are connected again by fiber cloth, thereby improving the waterproof tensile property of the joint. The protection units are laid from the dam top to the dam foot, can form comprehensive protection for the dam, and the protection units are composed of multiple layers, and the layers are matched with each other, can prevent seepage on the backwater slope, effectively prevent the seepage, scour and erosion of water flow on the dam surface, guarantee the seepage resistance and durability of the dam, and reduce the risk of overtopping and collapse.

[0025] The lower layer is a flexible layer and can be self-adapted to the terrain, can be closely attached to the dam body and the outer slope of the dam body, and has holes on the flexible layer and is matched with the reinforcing nails on the reinforcing layer, so that the reinforcing nails can pass through the flexible layer and are inserted into the dam body, the protection unit and the dam body are reliably combined, and falling off is prevented, and the holes can facilitate water accumulation between the reinforcing layer and the flexible layer to be discharged. The middle layer is a bag-shaped reinforcing layer, has a sealing and waterproof function, and can be filled with different reinforcing materials, the reinforcing layer is isolated from the dam body at the dam foot, is separately arranged, and has a zipper to be opened. The upper layer is an anti-scour layer, has strong water drainage capacity, is used for overtopping flood flow, and has high tensile strength and can resist the erosion of water flow.

[0026] The utility model can flexibly adjust the arrangement form of the protection unit according to the predicted flood flow time and long-term protection and temporary emergency demand: the protection unit is arranged between the dam foot, the backwater side dam surface, the dam top and the water side dam surface, and is filled with reinforcing materials in a specific position or the whole reinforcing layer according to the flow time, so as to form a temporary protection structure. The protection unit is arranged between the dam foot, the backwater side dam surface and the dam top, and is filled with reinforcing materials in the whole reinforcing layer, and meanwhile, a pavement structure is built on the dam top to cover the protection unit, so as to form a permanent protection structure, the dam body is disturbed and damaged little, the flood flow demand is effectively met, and the hydraulic erosion suffered by the dam is reduced. ACCURACY OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a temporary protection structure schematic drawing of the permanent and temporary combined flexible overtopping protection structure of the earth dam of the utility model.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a permanent protection structure schematic drawing of the permanent and temporary combined flexible overtopping protection structure of the earth dam of the utility model.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a Figure 2 It is a multiple protection unit fixedly connected schematic drawing of the permanent and temporary combined flexible overtopping protection structure of the earth dam of the utility model.

[0030] Figure 4 It is aFigure 3 Schematic diagram of B-axis fiber cloth bonding.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the protective unit layer structure of the flexible overtopping protection structure for permanent and temporary soil embankments of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of reinforcing nails and reinforcing layers in the flexible overtopping protection structure of the permanent and temporary combined soil embankment of this utility model.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the separation of the protective unit layer structure of the flexible overtopping protection structure for permanent and temporary soil embankments of this utility model.

[0034] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1 Dam body, 2 Dam crest, 3 Water-facing dam face, 4 Water-repellent dam face, 5 Dam toe, 6 Protective unit, 7 Fiber cloth, 8 Flexible layer, 9 Reinforcement layer, 91 Short reinforcement layer, 92 Long reinforcement layer, 10 Anti-scour layer, 11 Hole, 12 Reinforcing nail, 13 Through passage, 14 Road surface structure, 15 Reinforcing material, 16 Waterproof zipper. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0036] like Figures 1-7 As shown, a flexible overtopping protection structure for a permanent and temporary combined earthen embankment is used to prevent the earthen embankment from overtopping and collapsing. The earthen embankment is an existing construction structure, consisting of a dam body 1, a dam crest 2, a water-facing dam face 3, a water-repellent dam face 4, and a dam toe 5. The dam body 1 has a trapezoidal cross-section, with the top of the dam body 1 being the dam crest 2. The two sides of the dam body 1 are the water-facing dam face 3 and the water-repellent dam face 4, respectively. The dam toe 5 is located at the bottom of the water-repellent side of the dam body 1.

[0037] A protective structure is laid on the earthen embankment to provide a certain degree of protection and avoid the risk of the embankment overflowing and collapsing during floods. The protective structure consists of multiple protective units 6, which are essentially spliced ​​together. Each protective unit 6 is 2-5m wide, and multiple protective units 6 are spliced ​​together to form the protective structure.

[0038] Multiple protective units 6 are arranged sequentially along the river direction on the earthen embankment. In short, the earthen embankment is built along the river direction, and the multiple protective units 6 are arranged sequentially along the length of the earthen embankment and can fit tightly against the surface of the earthen embankment.

[0039] The two adjacent protective units 6 are overlapped, that is, the two adjacent protective units 6 are overlapped. The overlapping part is connected and fixed by adhesion. Specifically, the overlapping part of the two adjacent protective units 6 is fixed by hot melt adhesion. At the same time, in order to improve the adhesion strength, the overlapping part of the two adjacent protective units 6 is also adhered with a fiber cloth 7. The fiber cloth 7 is made of high adhesion fiber cloth 7, and the fiber cloth 7 covers the overlapping position of the two adjacent protective units 6.

[0040] In the embodiment, each protective unit 6 includes a flexible layer 8 with holes 11, a reinforcing layer 9 in the form of a flat bag, and a shockproof layer 10. The flexible layer 8 is a layer structure made of a flexible cloth body that adapts to the terrain. The number of holes 11 on the flexible layer 8 is several, and the several holes 11 are arranged in a rectangular array. The shockproof layer 10 is a layer structure made of a waterproof and wear-resistant flexible cloth body. The width of the shockproof layer 10 is consistent with the width of the flexible layer 8. The reinforcing layer 9 is arranged between the shockproof layer 10 and the flexible layer 8, and the width of the reinforcing layer 9 is smaller than the width of the shockproof layer 10.

[0041] When the layer structure in the protective unit 6 is connected, the flexible layer 8, the reinforcing layer 9, and the shockproof layer 10 are sequentially adhered and fixed from bottom to top. Specifically, the reinforcing layer 9 and the flexible layer 8 are adhered and fixed by adhesive. The reinforcing layer 9 and the shockproof layer 10 are extruded and fused to form a shape at the same time. After the shockproof layer 10 extends outward beyond the reinforcing layer 9 on both sides, it is adhered and fixed to the flexible layer 8 on both sides.

[0042] It should be noted that the flexible layer 8 and the shockproof layer 10 in the protective unit 6 are both single thin layer structures, and the reinforcing layer 9 is a flat bag structure, which means that the reinforcing layer 9 can be filled with certain materials. In the initial state, the reinforcing layer 9 is relatively flat. Once the reinforcing layer 9 is filled with materials, it gradually expands and thickens, which is equivalent to using materials to prop up the reinforcing layer 9.

[0043] In order to improve the bonding force of the protective unit 6 and the dam body 1, a plurality of reinforcing nails 12 arranged in an array are arranged on the reinforcing layer 9. The reinforcing nails 12 are conical, the spacing between the reinforcing nails 12 is 0.5-2m, and the length of the reinforcing nails 12 is 0.1-0.3m. The reinforcing nails 12 and the holes 11 correspond one by one. Each reinforcing nail 12 passes through the corresponding hole 11 and is inserted into the dam body 1. The reinforcing nails 12 can firmly fix the protective unit 6 on the dam body 1, preventing the protective unit 6 from detaching and shifting.

[0044] The reinforcing nails 12 are arranged in the reinforcing layer 9, and the reinforcing nails 12 are bonded to the bottom surface of the reinforcing layer 9, or the reinforcing nails 12 are inserted into the dam body 1 through the holes 11 after penetrating the reinforcing layer 9. In order to improve the bonding strength between the reinforcing nails 12 and the reinforcing layer 9, the reinforcing nails 12 are arranged in the penetrating mode. Specifically, the reinforcing layer 9 is provided with penetrating channels 13 for the reinforcing nails 12 to penetrate, and the penetrating channels 13 are tubular structures made of flexible cloth, and the upper and lower ends of the penetrating channels 13 are in the shape of a flared mouth and expand outward.

[0045] In this way, the reinforcing nails 12 can be provided with a separate arrangement space under the action of the penetrating channels 13, and the reinforcing nails 12 can avoid directly piercing the reinforcing layer 9. If the reinforcing layer 9 is filled with certain materials, the materials may flow out after the reinforcing layer 9 is directly pierced. Therefore, the reinforcing nails 12 can penetrate the reinforcing layer 9 through the penetrating channels 13, and the materials can be prevented from flowing out. In short, the penetrating channels 13 are special penetrating channels reserved for the reinforcing nails 12, and the reinforcing nails 12 can avoid directly piercing the reinforcing layer 9 to cause the internal materials to flow out.

[0046] In the embodiment, the temporary protection structure or the permanent protection structure can be formed by changing the arrangement form of the protection structure. The protection units 6 are arranged between the dam foot 5, the backwater side dam surface 4 and the dam top 2, and the protection units 6 of the dam top 2 extend to the water side dam surface 3, so as to form the temporary protection structure. The width of the protection units 6 of the temporary protection structure is 3-5 m, the distance between the protection units 6 and the reinforcing nails 12 of the temporary protection structure is 1-2 m, and the length of the reinforcing nails 12 is 0.1-0.2 m.

[0047] The protection units 6 are arranged between the dam foot 5, the backwater side dam surface 4 and the dam top 2, so as to form the permanent protection structure. The width of the protection units 6 of the permanent protection structure is not greater than 3 m, the distance between the protection units 6 and the reinforcing nails 12 of the permanent protection structure is 0.5-1 m, and the length of the reinforcing nails 12 is 0.2-0.3 m. The dam top 2 of the permanent protection structure is provided with a road surface structure 14, the road surface structure 14 is a prior art, and is composed of a surface layer, a base layer and a cushion layer. The road surface structure 14 covers the protection units 6.

[0048] The reinforcing layer 9 in the protection units 6 of the temporary protection structure and the permanent protection structure is filled with reinforcing materials 15, and the reinforcing materials 15 are one of sand materials and solidified sand. Different types of reinforcing materials 15 can be selected for different protection types, and the positions of the reinforcing materials 15 can also be adjusted.

[0049] For temporary protection structure: the reinforcing layer 9 in the protection unit 6 of the temporary protection structure is filled with reinforcing material 15 at the position of the dam foot 5 and the water-facing dam surface 3, or the reinforcing layer 9 is filled with reinforcing material 15 at the position of the dam foot 5, the backwater dam surface 4, the dam top 2 and the water-facing dam surface 3, and the reinforcing material 15 is sand and stone material. For permanent protection structure: the reinforcing layer 9 in the protection unit 6 of the permanent protection structure is filled with reinforcing material 15 at the position of the dam foot 5, the backwater dam surface 4 and the dam top 2, and the reinforcing material 15 is solidified sand and stone.

[0050] In order to conveniently fill the reinforcing material 15 into the reinforcing layer 9, the reinforcing layer 9 is a segmented structure, and the reinforcing layer 9 includes short reinforcing layers 91 and long reinforcing layers 92 which are arranged in a linear type and are bonded together. The short reinforcing layer 91 is laid at the dam foot 5, and the long reinforcing layer 92 is laid between the backwater dam surface 4, the dam top 2 and the water-facing dam surface 3. The short reinforcing layer 91 and the long reinforcing layer 92 are both flat bag structures with one end opening and are made of waterproof and sealed flexible cloth bodies, and the short reinforcing layer 91 and the long reinforcing layer 92 are independent of each other, that is, the spaces in the short reinforcing layer 91 and the long reinforcing layer 92 are not connected.

[0051] The end of the short reinforcing layer 91 away from the long reinforcing layer 92 is open, the end of the long reinforcing layer 92 away from the short reinforcing layer 91 is open, and the open ends of the short reinforcing layer 91 and the long reinforcing layer 92 are provided with waterproof zippers 16. The reinforcing material 15 can be filled into the short reinforcing layer 91 or the long reinforcing layer 92 through the waterproof zipper 16, and after the waterproof zipper 16 is closed, the corresponding reinforcing layer 9 can be sealed to prevent the reinforcing material 15 from flowing out.

[0052] The principle of the utility model is as follows: before application, according to the protection requirement, the soil embankment protection is determined to be temporary protection or permanent protection, and according to the length and height range that the soil embankment needs to be protected, the protection structure size and the reinforcing nail 12 arrangement density are determined in combination with the predicted flood flow time and the long-term protection and temporary emergency rescue requirement. The width of each protection unit 6 used for temporary protection is required to be between 3-5m, the distance between the reinforcing nails 12 is 1-2m, and the length of the reinforcing nail 12 is 0.1-0.2m; the width of each protection unit 6 used for permanent protection is required to be not more than 3m, the distance between the reinforcing nails 12 is 0.5-1m, and the length of the reinforcing nail 12 is 0.2-0.3m.

[0053] After the protection requirement is determined, the production of the protection structure is started, and when each protection unit 6 is produced, the flexible layer 8, the reinforcing layer 9 and the anti-impact layer 10 are produced, and the reinforcing nail 12 is arranged on the reinforcing layer 9, and the reinforcing nail 12 penetrates through the flexible layer 8. The flexible layer 8, the reinforcing layer 9 and the anti-impact layer 10 are arranged in an overlapped mode and are bonded and fixed together. The above operation is repeated to produce the required multiple protection units 6, and the produced protection units 6 are transported to the dam top 2.

[0054] Start the paving of the protection structure: if it is temporary protection, manually quickly pave multiple protection units 6 on the dam body 1 at the same time, and extend one end of the protection structure downward to the dam foot 5 and extend the other end upward to the dam crest 2. According to the predicted flood flow time, if it is less than 6 hours, only fill the sand and stone material in the reinforcement layer 9 at the dam foot 5 and the position of the dam body 1, that is, only part of the reinforcement layer 9 has sand and stone material; if it exceeds 6 hours, fill the sand and stone material in the reinforcement layer 9 at the dam foot 5, the dam body 1, the dam crest 2 and the position of the dam body 1, that is, the entire reinforcement layer 9 has sand and stone material.

[0055] If it is permanent protection, manually quickly pave the protection structure on the dam body 1, and extend one end of the protection structure downward to the dam foot 5 and extend the other end upward to the dam crest 2. Manually fill the solidified sand and stone in the reinforcement layer 9 at the dam foot 5, the dam body 1 and the position of the dam crest 2, and the strength of the solidified sand and stone material is required to exceed 2MPa, so as to resist the impact of the flood.

[0056] After the paving of the protection structure, it needs to be fixed. Specifically, after the filling of the reinforcement material 15, the reinforcement nails 12 are rammed into the dam body 1 by manual tools. The above operation is repeated to complete the paving and fixing of multiple protection units 6, so that multiple protection units 6 can be fixed on the dam body 1. Then, the protection units 6 are overlapped together, and the adjacent two protection units 6 are quickly connected by using a hot melting machine. It should be noted that for permanent protection, on the basis of hot melting and bonding, the fiber cloth 7 is used to fix the overlapping position between the adjacent two protection units 6 again, so as to ensure that the joint is waterproof and resistant to tension. After that, the pavement structure 14 is rebuilt at the position of the dam crest 2, thereby completing the permanent protection of the dam.

[0057] The utility model mainly forms a certain protection to the earth dam through the protection unit 6 on the dam body 1. The protection unit 6 is composed of a flexible layer 8, a reinforcement layer 9 and a scouring layer 10, and the layer structures cooperate with each other, so as to improve the anti-seepage capacity of the dam body 1. At the same time, according to the actual protection requirement, the arrangement form of the protection unit 6 can be adjusted, thereby forming a temporary protection structure or a permanent protection structure, which can realize the effective combination of permanent protection and temporary rescue, so as to prevent the dam body 1 from being eroded by the overtopping flood and reduce the risk of overtopping and collapse.

[0058] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the utility model, and do not limit the implementation range of the utility model. Therefore, equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, features and principles described in the patent range of the utility model should be included in the patent range of the utility model.

Claims

1. A permanent and temporary combined soil embankment flexible overtopping protection structure for preventing overtopping and dam break of a soil embankment, the soil embankment being composed of an embankment body (1), an embankment top (2), a water-facing embankment surface (3), a water-back embankment surface (4) and an embankment foot (5), characterized in that, The dam is provided with a protection structure, which comprises a plurality of protection units (6) arranged in sequence along the river direction on the earth dam; The adjacent two protection units (6) are bonded together after overlapping, each of the protection units (6) comprises a flexible layer (8) provided with a plurality of holes (11), a reinforcing layer (9) in the shape of a flat bag and a scouring layer (10), the flexible layer (8), the reinforcing layer (9) and the scouring layer (10) are sequentially fixed from bottom to top, the reinforcing layer (9) is further provided with a plurality of reinforcing nails (12) arranged in an array, the reinforcing nails (12) and the holes (11) are one-to-one corresponding, each of the reinforcing nails (12) is inserted into the dam body (1) after penetrating through the corresponding hole (11); The protection units (6) are laid between the dam foot (5), the dam surface (4) on the backwater side and the dam top (2) to form a permanent protection structure, the dam top (2) of the permanent protection structure is provided with a pavement structure (14), and the pavement structure (14) covers the protection units (6) above; The protection units (6) are laid between the dam foot (5), the dam surface (4) on the backwater side and the dam top (2), and the protection units (6) of the dam top (2) extend to the dam surface (3) on the water side to form a temporary protection structure, the reinforcing layer (9) in the protection units (6) of the temporary protection structure and the permanent protection structure is filled with reinforcing material (15).

2. The permanent temporary combination earth dam flexible overtopping protection structure according to claim 1, wherein, The width of each of the protection units (6) is 2-5 m, the width of the protection units (6) of the temporary protection structure is 3-5 m, and the width of the protection units (6) of the permanent protection structure is not greater than 3 m.

3. The permanent temporary combination earth dam flexible overtopping protection structure according to claim 1, wherein, The adjacent two protection units (6) overlap after overlapping, and the overlapping positions of the adjacent two protection units (6) are fixed by hot melting bonding; the overlapping positions of the adjacent two protection units (6) are further bonded with a fiber cloth (7), the fiber cloth (7) is a high-bonding fiber cloth (7), and the fiber cloth (7) covers the overlapping positions of the adjacent two protection units (6).

4. The permanent temporary combination earth dam flexible overtopping protection structure according to claim 1, wherein, The flexible layer (8) is a layer structure made of a flexible cloth body that is self-adaptive to the terrain, the plurality of holes (11) on the flexible layer (8) are arranged in a rectangular array; the scouring layer (10) is a layer structure made of a flexible cloth body that is waterproof and wear-resistant, and the width of the scouring layer (10) is consistent with the width of the flexible layer (8); the width of the reinforcing layer (9) is smaller than the width of the scouring layer (10).

5. The permanent temporary earth dam flexible overtopping protection structure according to claim 4, wherein, The reinforcing layer (9) and the flexible layer (8) are bonded and fixed by an adhesive, and the reinforcing layer (9) and the scouring layer (10) are formed by extrusion and melting of adhesive fibers; the two sides of the scouring layer (10) extend outward beyond the reinforcing layer (9) and are bonded and fixed with the two sides of the flexible layer (8).

6. The permanent temporary combination earthen dam flexible overtopping protection structure as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The reinforcing layer (9) is of a sectional structure, and the reinforcing layer (9) comprises short reinforcing layers (91) and long reinforcing layers (92) bonded together, the short reinforcing layers (91) and the long reinforcing layers (92) are arranged in a linear shape left and right, the short reinforcing layers (91) are laid at the dam foot (5), and the long reinforcing layers (92) are laid between the dam surface (4) on the backwater side, the dam top (2) and the dam surface (3) on the water side.

7. The permanent temporary earth dam flexible overtopping protection structure according to claim 6, wherein, The short reinforcing layers (91) and the long reinforcing layers (92) are both flat bag structures made of a waterproof and sealed flexible cloth body with one end open; The short reinforcing layer (91) is open at one end away from the long reinforcing layer (92), the long reinforcing layer (92) is open at one end away from the short reinforcing layer (91), and the open ends of the short reinforcing layer (91) and the long reinforcing layer (92) are provided with waterproof zippers (16).

8. The permanent temporary combination earthen dam flexible overtopping protection structure as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The reinforcing nails (12) are conical, the reinforcing nails (12) are inserted into the dam body (1) through the holes (11) after penetrating the reinforcing layer (9), the spacing between the reinforcing nails (12) is 0.5-2m, and the length of the reinforcing nails (12) is 0.1-0.3m. The spacing between the reinforcing nails (12) in the protection unit (6) of the temporary protection structure is 1-2m, and the length of the reinforcing nails (12) is 0.1-0.2m; the spacing between the reinforcing nails (12) in the protection unit (6) of the permanent protection structure is 0.5-1m, and the length of the reinforcing nails (12) is 0.2-0.3m.

9. The permanent temporary earth dam flexible overtopping protection structure according to claim 1, wherein, The reinforcing material (15) is one of sand and stone material and solidified sand and stone, the reinforcing material (15) filled in the reinforcing layer (9) in the protection unit (6) of the temporary protection structure is sand and stone material, and the reinforcing material (15) filled in the reinforcing layer (9) in the protection unit (6) of the permanent protection structure is solidified sand and stone.

10. The permanent temporary earth dam flexible overtopping protection structure according to claim 9, wherein, In the protection unit (6) of the temporary protection structure, the reinforcing layer (9) located at the dam foot (5) and the water-facing side dam surface (3) is filled with the reinforcing material (15), or the reinforcing layer (9) located at the dam foot (5), the backwater side dam surface (4), the dam top (2) and the water-facing side dam surface (3) is filled with the reinforcing material (15). In the protection unit (6) of the permanent protection structure, the reinforcing layer (9) located at the dam foot (5), the backwater side dam surface (4) and the dam top (2) is filled with the reinforcing material (15).

Images