Bionic compound eye type special equipment for mine displacement monitoring

Abstract

The utility model discloses bionic compound eye type mine displacement monitoring special equipment, which relates to the technical field of mine safety monitoring, and comprises a shell, the shell is composed of a plurality of groups of sensing surfaces and a plurality of groups of supporting nodes, a three-ring optical system is integrated on each sensing surface, and the bottom of the shell is provided with a tenon-and-mortise quick-release interface matched with the sensing surfaces for use. The shell is in the shape of a truncated icosahedron hemisphere, the sensing face is in the shape of a regular hexagon, and the supporting nodes are in the shape of a regular pentagon. According to the utility model, the horizontal field of view is expanded to 270 degrees and the vertical field of view reaches 120 degrees through the eccentric prisms, the 4 * 4 microprism aberration correction array dynamically compensates wide-angle distortion, the microlenses employ gradient refraction design to correct spherical aberration and field curvature, light is focused into 1.2 [mu] m light spots which are matched with the photonic crystal waveguide mode field diameter, and the adjacent microlens fields of view overlap 40%. The FPGA is fused with multi-channel data, so that the signal-to-noise ratio is increased to 40dB +, accurate acquisition and processing of light are ensured, high-precision three-dimensional deformation monitoring is realized, and fine change conditions of mine rock strata can be captured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to mine safety monitoring technical field, concretely is a kind of bionic compound eye type mine displacement monitoring special equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of mine exploitation, geological conditions are complex and changeable, and rock strata are in dynamic change at all times. As a core means to ensure the safety of underground personnel and realize efficient exploitation of resources, mine three-dimensional deformation monitoring technology plays a vital role. By capturing displacement, tilt and strain data of rock strata in real time, serious geological disasters such as collapse and rock burst can be effectively warned in advance, and a solid defense line for mine safety production is built. This technology puts forward extremely strict requirements on the precision, environmental adaptability and response speed of monitoring devices, and its performance directly affects the effectiveness of mine safety production and disaster prevention and control.

[0003] Mine three-dimensional deformation monitoring technology can effectively warn geological disasters such as collapse and rock burst by capturing displacement, tilt and strain data of rock strata in real time, and is a key means to ensure the safety of underground personnel and efficient exploitation of resources. This technology has strict requirements on the precision, environmental adaptability and response speed of monitoring devices, and is directly related to mine safety production and disaster prevention and control.

[0004] In current mainstream technology, satellite InSAR is limited by revisit period and signal attenuation in the mine; GNSS layout is costly and easily blocked by tunnels; fiber sensing installation is complex and difficult to maintain; and traditional optical equipment has significantly reduced signal-to-noise ratio in low-illumination and high-dust environments. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] To overcome the above-mentioned defects, the utility model provides a kind of bionic compound eye type mine displacement monitoring special equipment, solves the problem that traditional optical equipment fails in extreme environment, InSAR and GNSS precision and real-time performance are difficult to consider, and traditional point sensor and surface monitoring have field-of-view blind area.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a kind of bionic compound eye type mine displacement monitoring special equipment, including shell, the shell is made of multiple groups of sensing surface and multiple groups of support nodes, three-ring optical system is integrated on the sensing surface, and the three-ring optical system includes outer ring eccentric prism array, middle ring microlens array and inner ring photonic crystal waveguide, spring compound damper is installed in the support node, and the spring compound damper is connected with mine roadway through bolt hole, the shell bottom is provided with mortise and tenon quick release interface matched with the sensing surface, the shell is truncated icosahedral hemispherical, and the sensing surface is regular hexagon, and the support node is regular pentagon.

[0007] As a further scheme of the utility model: the edge of the sensing surface is provided with eccentric prism in symmetrical structure, the eccentric prism has an inclination of 15°, the eccentric prism end is integrated with a micro-prism aberration correction array, and the micro-prism aberration correction array forms a gradient refraction field.

[0008] As a further scheme of the utility model: the middle ring micro-lens array is distributed at the middle position of the sensing surface, the middle ring micro-lens array comprises micro-lens units, the micro-lens units are arranged in a hexagonal array, the micro-lens adopts a gradient refraction design, the central lens has an inclination of 0°, the edge lens has an inclination of ±3° to 5°, and the micro-lens base adopts a non-spherical surface structure manufactured by a nano-imprinting process.

[0009] As a further scheme of the utility model: the inner ring photonic crystal waveguide comprises a silicon-based photonic crystal waveguide and an SPAD sensor array, the silicon-based photonic crystal waveguide comprises a plurality of independent waveguide channels, the independent waveguide channels correspond to the micro-lens units in the middle ring micro-lens array one by one, the silicon-based photonic crystal waveguide surface is provided with a carbon nanotube shielding layer, the SPAD sensor array comprises a plurality of independent SPAD pixels, the independent SPAD pixels correspond to the micro-lens units in the middle ring micro-lens array one by one, and the inner ring photonic crystal waveguide is distributed below the middle ring micro-lens array and at the center of the sensing surface.

[0010] As a further scheme of the utility model: the shell is integrated with an FPGA module inside, the FPGA module is connected with a graphene heat conduction sheet through heat-conducting silica gel, and the shell side is provided with a heat dissipation grid.

[0011] As a further scheme of the utility model: the spring composite damper comprises a hydraulic cavity, and the hydraulic cavity is filled with damping liquid and double-helix springs, and the shell outer layer is provided with a sealing rubber ring and an explosion-proof coating.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

[0013] 1. The horizontal field of view is expanded to 270° and the vertical field of view reaches 120° through the eccentric prism, the monitoring range is greatly widened, a wider area in the mine can be covered, meanwhile, the 4x4 micro-prism aberration correction array dynamically compensates wide-angle distortion, the micro-lens adopts a gradient refraction design to correct spherical aberration and field curvature, focuses light into 1.2μm light spots and matches the photonic crystal waveguide mode field diameter, the adjacent micro-lens field of view overlaps by 40%, the FPGA fuses multi-channel data to make the signal-to-noise ratio reach 40dB+, and the accurate collection and processing of light are ensured, high-precision three-dimensional deformation monitoring is realized, and the subtle change of the mine rock stratum can be captured.

[0014] 2, SPAD pixel can detect single photon event under 0.01 lux low illumination and response time <10ns, photonic crystal waveguide low loss (<0.2dB / cm) transmission optical signal, so that the device can quickly, acutely perceive the change of light signal, and obtain the related information of mine deformation in time, provide accurate and real-time data support for subsequent analysis and calculation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 It is the overhead view of three-ring optical system of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 It is the layout schematic diagram of outer ring eccentric prism array of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 It is the eccentric prism schematic diagram of the utility model

[0019] Figure 5 It is the layout schematic diagram of middle ring and inner ring array of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 6 It is the cross section schematic diagram of middle ring and inner ring of the utility model.

[0021] In the drawing: 1, shell; 101, sensing surface; 102, support node; 2, outer ring eccentric prism array; 201, eccentric prism; 202, microlens aberration correction array; 3, middle ring microlens array; 301, microlens unit; 4, inner ring photonic crystal waveguide; 401, silicon-based photonic crystal waveguide; 402, SPAD sensor array; 403, carbon nanotube shielding layer; 404, independent SPAD pixel; 405, independent waveguide channel; 5, spring composite damper; 6, heat dissipation grid; 7, bolt hole; 8, three-ring optical system; 9, mortise and tenon quick release interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical scheme of the patent will be further described in detail in combination with specific implementation manners.

[0023] As Figures 1-6 shown, the utility model provides a kind of bionic compound eye type mine displacement monitoring special equipment technical scheme:

[0024] The shell 1 is composed of a plurality of sensing surfaces 101 and a plurality of support nodes 102, the three-ring optical system 8 is integrated on the sensing surface 101, the three-ring optical system 8 includes an outer ring eccentric prism 201 array 2, a middle ring microlens array 3 and an inner ring photonic crystal waveguide 4, the spring composite damper 5 is installed in the support node 102, the spring composite damper 5 is connected with the mine tunnel through the bolt hole 7, the mortise and tenon quick release interface 9 used in cooperation with the sensing surface 101 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 1, the shell 1 is a truncated icosahedral hemispherical type, and the sensing surface 101 is a regular hexagon, and the support node 102 is a regular pentagon;

[0025] Specifically, the inner angle of the regular pentagon is 108°, when the regular hexagon on the truncated icosahedral hemispherical shell 1 and other regular pentagons are connected, a relatively close connection structure can be formed, stable support is provided, and the weight and external force of the shell 1 can be uniformly transmitted to the mine tunnel wall through the joint action of the plurality of regular pentagonal support nodes 102, stress concentration is reduced, the outer ring eccentric prism 201 array 2 simulates the curved surface distribution of the compound eye ommatidium, eliminates the blind area of the field of view of the traditional lens, and the outer ring eccentric prism 201 array 2 includes: two groups of eccentric prisms 201 are symmetrically arranged on each side of the regular hexagonal sensing surface 101, a total of twelve groups on a single surface, and the prism inclination angle is 15°; a 4*4 microlens aberration correction array 202 is integrated at the rear end of each group of prisms 2101, a gradient refraction field is formed, optical distortion is effectively corrected, imaging quality is enhanced, each spatial point is synchronously monitored by 2-3 sub-eyes through the overlapping field of view of the microlens, and the displacement vector superposition algorithm of the FPGA is combined to greatly improve the displacement resolution and dust blocking resistance;

[0026] The edges of the sensing surface 101 are provided with eccentric prisms 201 in a symmetrical structure, the eccentric prism 201 has an inclination angle of 15°, the microprism aberration correction array 202 is integrated at the end of the eccentric prism 201, the microprism aberration correction array 202 forms a gradient refraction field, the middle ring microlens array 3 is distributed at the middle position of the sensing surface 101, the middle ring microlens array 3 includes a microlens unit 301, the microlens unit 301 is arranged in a hexagonal array, the microlens adopts a gradient refraction design, the center lens has an inclination angle of 0°, and the edge lens has an inclination angle of ±3° to 5°, and the microlens base adopts a non-spherical structure manufactured by a nanoimprinting process;

[0027] Specifically, the gradient refractive field can continuously and non-uniformly refract the light according to different positions and propagation directions of the light, which can more accurately correct aberration, adapt to light of different incident angles and wavelengths, has higher correction accuracy and flexibility than uniform refractive field, and can better meet the imaging requirements of complex optical systems, so that the whole device realizes 120° ultra-wide angle distortion suppression, high multi-directional deformation detection uniformity, millimeter-level displacement monitoring precision and low downhole dust interference false alarm rate, and can realize full field seamless coverage, high curved surface deformation tracking sensitivity, sub-millimeter-level deformation analysis capability and high-precision imaging of complex curved surfaces.

[0028] The inner ring photonic crystal waveguide 4 comprises a silicon-based photonic crystal waveguide 401 and a SPAD sensor array 402, the silicon-based photonic crystal waveguide 401 comprises a plurality of independent waveguide channels 405, the independent waveguide channels 405 correspond to the microlens units 301 in the middle ring microlens array 3 in a one-to-one manner, the silicon-based photonic crystal waveguide 401 is provided with a carbon nanotube shielding layer 403 on the surface, the SPAD sensor array 402 comprises a plurality of independent SPAD pixels 404, the independent SPAD pixels 404 correspond to the microlens units 301 in the middle ring microlens array 3 in a one-to-one manner, the inner ring photonic crystal waveguide 4 is distributed below the middle ring microlens array 3 and the central part of the sensing surface 101, the shell 1 is internally integrated with an FPGA module, and the FPGA module is connected with a graphene heat conduction sheet through heat-conducting silica gel; the shell 1 is provided with a heat dissipation grille 6 on the side surface, and the spring combined damper 5 comprises a hydraulic cavity filled with damping liquid and a double helical spring; the shell 1 is externally provided with a sealing rubber ring and an explosion-proof coating.

[0029] Specifically, the plurality of independent waveguide channels 405 of the silicon-based photonic crystal waveguide 401 correspond to the microlens units 301 in the middle ring microlens array 3 in a one-to-one manner, can accurately transmit the light focused by the microlens to the specified position, reduce the crosstalk and loss of the light signal, and improve the accuracy and efficiency of the light signal transmission; the carbon nanotube shielding layer 403 can effectively shield external electromagnetic interference, protect the light signal transmitted in the silicon-based photonic crystal waveguide 401 from the influence of electromagnetic noise, ensure the stable transmission of the light signal, and improve the reliability and anti-interference capability of the system; the independent SPAD pixels 404 of the SPAD sensor array 402 correspond to the microlens units 301 in a one-to-one manner, can detect the light signal transmitted by the waveguide with high sensitivity, can detect extremely weak light signals, and are suitable for optical detection and imaging in low-light environments; the FPGA module is attached to the graphene heat conduction sheet through heat-conducting silica gel to optimize the heat conduction performance and prevent the device from overheating; the shell 1 is provided with a heat dissipation grille 6 on the side surface to enhance the heat exchange efficiency and ensure the stable operation of the device for a long time.

[0030] The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

[0031] Firstly, after the incident light enters the monitoring device, it will first pass through the eccentric prism 201, which will deflect the incident light by 15°. This design effectively expands the horizontal field of view to 270° and the vertical field of view to 120°, greatly increasing the monitoring range of the device. Each prism is equipped with a 4x4 microlens array 202 at the rear end, which can dynamically compensate for wide-angle distortion and ensure that the deflected light can be accurately incident on the middle ring microlens, providing a good foundation for subsequent light focusing and processing.

[0032] Secondly, after the middle ring microlens receives the preprocessed light, it focuses it into a 1.2μm diameter spot. The microlens uses a gradient refractive design with a central inclination angle of 0° and an edge inclination angle of ±3°-5°. This structure can dynamically correct spherical aberration and field curvature, allowing the focused light spot to better match the mode field diameter of the photonic crystal waveguide and improve light coupling efficiency. At the same time, the field of view of adjacent microlenses overlaps by 40%, allowing each spatial point to be covered by 2-3 sub-eyes. The FPGA uses a weighted displacement vector fusion algorithm to superimpose and process multi-channel data, significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio to more than 40dB, enhancing the quality and reliability of the signal.

[0033] It is worth mentioning that the photonic crystal waveguide transmits the focused light signal to the SPAD pixel with extremely low loss (<0.2dB / cm). The SPAD pixel has extremely high sensitivity and can detect single-photon events even at 0.01lux illumination, with a very short response time (<10ns). The displacement optical flow data of each optical channel is input into each independent computing unit. The pulse neural network acceleration core uses an event-driven mechanism to process only the photon events that exceed the threshold. This processing method reduces the computing energy consumption by 70%, effectively improving energy efficiency and reducing unnecessary computational burden.

[0034] Finally, based on the spatial topological relationship between the 169-channel displacement vector (Δx, Δy, Δz) and the hexagonal sensing surface 101, the device can calculate the free degree deformation tensor of the rock stratum, including translation and rotation information. These deformation data are output at a frequency of 100Hz through the RS485 / optical fiber interface, facilitating subsequent data analysis and processing. When the deformation exceeds the preset threshold, the device will trigger an audible and visual alarm to remind relevant personnel to take measures to ensure the safety of mine production.

[0035] The above describes the preferred embodiments of the present patent in detail, but the present patent is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present patent.

Claims

1. A kind of bionic compound eye type mine displacement monitoring special equipment, including shell (1), it is characterized in that: The shell (1) is composed of multiple groups of sensing surfaces (101) and multiple groups of support nodes (102), the sensing surface (101) is integrated with a three-ring optical system (8), the three-ring optical system (8) includes an outer ring eccentric prism array (2), a middle ring microlens array (3) and an inner ring photonic crystal waveguide (4), the support node (102) is internally provided with a spring composite damper (5), the spring composite damper (5) is connected with a mine tunnel through a bolt hole (7), the shell (1) is provided at the bottom with a mortise and tenon quick release interface (9) matched with the sensing surface (101), the shell (1) is a truncated icosahedral hemispherical type, and the sensing surface (101) is a regular hexagon, and the support node (102) is a regular pentagon.

2. The bionic compound eye type mine displacement monitoring special device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edges of the sensing surface (101) are provided with eccentric prisms (201) in a symmetrical structure, the eccentric prisms (201) have an inclination angle of 15°, the eccentric prisms (201) are integrated at the ends with a microlens aberration correction array (202), and the microlens aberration correction array (202) forms a gradient refractive field.

3. The bionic compound eye type mine displacement monitoring special device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The middle ring microlens array (3) is distributed at a middle position of the sensing surface (101), the middle ring microlens array (3) includes microlens units (301) arranged in a hexagonal array, the microlenses adopt a gradient refractive design, the central lens has an inclination angle of 0°, and the edge lens has an inclination angle of ±3° to 5°, and the microlens base adopts a non-spherical structure manufactured by a nano-imprinting process.

4. The bionic compound eye type mine displacement monitoring special device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner ring photonic crystal waveguide (4) includes a silicon-based photonic crystal waveguide (401) and an SPAD sensor array (402), the silicon-based photonic crystal waveguide (401) contains multiple groups of independent waveguide channels (405), the independent waveguide channels (405) correspond one-to-one to the microlens units (301) in the middle ring microlens array (3), the silicon-based photonic crystal waveguide (401) is provided on the surface with a carbon nanotube shielding layer (403), the SPAD sensor array (402) contains multiple groups of independent SPAD pixels (404), the independent SPAD pixels (404) correspond one-to-one to the microlens units (301) in the middle ring microlens array (3), and the inner ring photonic crystal waveguide (4) is distributed below the middle ring microlens array (3) and at the center of the sensing surface (101).

5. The bionic compound eye type mine displacement monitoring special device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shell (1) is internally integrated with an FPGA module, the FPGA module is connected with a graphene heat conduction sheet through heat-conducting silica gel, and the shell (1) is provided on the side with a heat dissipation grille (6).

6. The bionic compound eye type mine displacement monitoring special device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spring composite damper (5) includes a hydraulic cavity filled with damping liquid and a double helix spring, and the shell (1) is provided on the outer layer with a sealing rubber ring and an explosion-proof coating.

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