Sediment sampling device for water-sediment flux

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sediment sampling device with water and sediment flux, which belongs to the technical field of sediment sampling equipment and comprises a sampling head and a shell, the shell is cylindrical, a channel is arranged in the center of the sampling head, a plurality of filter screens are arranged in the channel at intervals, and the screen hole diameters of the filter screens are gradually reduced along the water flow direction; end covers are arranged at two ends of the channel; the traction mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the sampling head and pulls the sampling head to horizontally descend or lift; the flow meter is fixedly connected to the top of the end, close to the channel water inlet, of the shell. The sediment collection device can effectively collect sediment in a larger particle range, and the collected sample can accurately reflect the actual sediment composition condition and is more representative.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to silt sampling equipment technical field especially relates to a silt sampling device of water and sediment flux. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the study of water and sediment flux, silt sampling is the key to obtaining accurate data. However, the existing silt sampling device has many shortcomings, such as:

[0003] During the sampling process, it is difficult to ensure that the collected silt samples are representative and are easily affected by factors such as water flow disturbance; when dealing with different particle size silt, there is a lack of effective separation and collection means, which easily misses the fine particle silt or the screen is blocked by large particle silt, resulting in that the collected samples cannot accurately reflect the actual silt composition; when facing complex water flow environment, there is a lack of adaptive adjustment mechanism for collecting different particle size silt, and when the flow rate is fast, the impact force of large particle silt is large, and the device may not be able to withstand, resulting in insufficient collection amount or particle breakage; when the flow rate is slow, fine particle silt is easy to settle, and the device is also difficult to effectively collect.

[0004] Therefore, a silt sampling device for water and sediment flux is proposed. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a silt sampling device for water and sediment flux.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a silt sampling device for water and sediment flux, which comprises:

[0007] The sampling head comprises an outer shell, the outer shell is cylindrical, a channel is formed in the center of the sampling head, a plurality of filter screens are arranged at intervals in the channel, and the screen aperture of the filter screen gradually decreases along the water flow direction; end covers are arranged at both ends of the channel;

[0008] The pulling mechanism is fixed to the top of the sampling head and pulls the sampling head to horizontally lower or lift;

[0009] The flow velocity meter is fixed to the top of one end of the outer shell near the water inlet of the channel.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of first mounting columns are arranged at intervals in the channel, the filter screens are detachably connected with the first mounting columns, an installation cavity is formed in the sampling head below the channel, the top end of the first mounting column is rotatably connected with the top wall of the channel, the bottom end of the first mounting column penetrates through the channel and extends into the installation cavity and is fixedly connected with a first worm gear, a first rotary motor is fixedly connected in the installation cavity, the first rotary motor is rotatably connected with a first worm, and the first worm is meshingly connected with the plurality of first worm gears; the interval between the plurality of filter screens is greater than the maximum diameter of the filter screens.

[0011] Preferably, second mounting posts are arranged at two ends of the channel, the end cover is detachably connected with the second mounting posts, top ends of the second mounting posts are rotationally connected with the top wall of the channel, bottom ends of the second mounting posts penetrate into the mounting cavity and are fixedly connected with second worm wheels, a second rotary motor is fixedly connected in the mounting cavity, the second rotary motor is rotationally connected with a second worm, and the second worm is meshingly connected with the two second worm wheels.

[0012] Preferably, the end cover and the outer edge of the filter screen are wrapped with sealing soft pads.

[0013] Preferably, a C-shaped mounting post is fixedly connected at the center of the filter screen, the C-shaped mounting post is clamped on the first mounting post, a plurality of plug-in posts are fixedly connected at the inner side of the C-shaped mounting post in intervals, and plug-in holes are formed in the first mounting post in correspondence with the plug-in posts, and the plug-in posts are inserted into the plug-in holes.

[0014] Preferably, the pulling mechanism comprises a winch, an end of a rope of the winch is connected with a traction rope, the traction rope is fixedly connected with two ends of the sampling head, and the position where the rope is connected with the traction rope is such that, when the rope pulls the sampling head, an extension line of the rope passes through the barycenter of the whole device when the sampling head is horizontally placed.

[0015] Preferably, the rope of the winch is rotationally connected with the traction rope through a rotating joint, and a guide plate is vertically fixedly connected at one end of the shell close to the water outlet of the channel.

[0016] Preferably, an encoder is installed on the winch.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0018] When sampling, the pulling device can pull the sampling head horizontally downward or lift it; the sampling head shell is cylindrical, which can reduce water flow resistance and disturbance to water flow when descending; the sampling head is internally provided with multiple filter screens with different aperture sizes, which are arranged in sequence from large to small, and can preliminarily separate and collect sediments of different particle sizes; the large-aperture screen can intercept large-particle-size sediment particles, while the small-aperture screen can capture fine sediment, ensuring that sediments of different particle sizes can be effectively collected; through this layered screening and collecting method, the representativeness of the collected samples is greatly improved. The distribution and movement characteristics of sediments of different particle sizes in water bodies are different, and accurate acquisition of sediments in each particle size interval can truly reflect the actual composition of sediments in water bodies; the end cover can be closed after sampling is completed to prevent the collected sediments from being washed away by water flow during the lifting of the sampling head; the flow velocity meter can automatically adjust the sampling time and sampling amount according to the water flow velocity, ensuring that the collected samples are representative. The present application can effectively collect sediments in a larger particle range, the collected samples can accurately reflect the actual composition of sediments, and the collected samples are more representative. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application. The embodiments of the present application illustrated in the drawings and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of the water-sediment flux sediment sampling device of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 It is an internal structure schematic view of the sampling head in the present application.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a rotating connection structure schematic view of the end cover in the present application.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a rotating connection structure schematic view of the filter screen in the present application.

[0024] Figure 5 It is an installation structure schematic view of the filter screen and the first mounting column in the present application.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a sectional view of the plug-in column and the first mounting column in the present application.

[0026] As shown in the figure, 1 is an outer shell, 2 is a channel, 3 is a filter screen, 4 is an end cover, 5 is a flowmeter, 6 is a first mounting column, 7 is a mounting cavity, 8 is a first worm gear, 9 is a first rotary motor, 10 is a first worm, 11 is a second mounting column, 12 is a second worm gear, 13 is a second rotary motor, 14 is a second worm, 15 is a sealing soft pad, 16 is a C-shaped mounting column, 17 is a plug-in column, 18 is a jack, 19 is a hoist, 20 is a rope, 21 is a traction rope, 22 is a rotating joint, and 23 is a guide plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0028] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Referring to Figures 1 to 6 As shown in the figure, the present embodiment provides a sediment sampling device for water and sediment flux, which comprises:

[0030] The sampling head comprises an outer shell 1, the outer shell 1 is cylindrical, a channel 2 is formed in the center of the sampling head, a plurality of filter screens 3 are arranged in the channel 2 at intervals, and the mesh size of the filter screens 3 gradually decreases along the water flow direction; end covers 4 are arranged at both ends of the channel 2.

[0031] The pulling mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the sampling head and pulls the sampling head to horizontally lower or lift;

[0032] The flowmeter 5 is fixedly connected to the top of one end of the outer shell 1 close to the water inlet of the channel 2.

[0033] When sampling, the pulling device can pull the sampling head horizontally downward or upward; the sampling head shell 1 is cylindrical, which can reduce the water flow resistance and disturbance to the water flow when descending; the sampling head is internally provided with a plurality of filter screens 3 with different diameters, which are arranged in order from large to small, and can preliminarily separate and collect different particle sizes of the sediment; the large-diameter screen can intercept large-particle-size sediment particles, and the small-diameter screen can capture fine sediment, ensuring that different particle sizes of the sediment can be effectively collected, and the representativeness of the collected sample is greatly improved through this layered screening collection method. The distribution and movement characteristics of sediment of different particle sizes in the water body are different, and accurate acquisition of sediment in each particle size interval can truly reflect the actual composition of the sediment in the water body; the end cover 4 can be closed after sampling is completed to prevent the water flow from washing away the collected sediment during the lifting of the sampling head; the flow velocity instrument 5 can automatically adjust the sampling time and sampling amount according to the water flow velocity, ensuring that the collected sample is representative. The present application can effectively collect sediment in a large particle range, the collected sample can accurately reflect the actual composition of the sediment, and the collected sample is more representative.

[0034] Further optimization scheme, the channel 2 is internally provided with a plurality of first mounting columns 6 at intervals, the filter screens 3 are detachably connected with the first mounting columns 6, a mounting cavity 7 is formed in the sampling head below the channel 2, the first mounting columns 6 are rotationally connected with the top wall of the channel 2 at the top ends, the first mounting columns 6 penetrate through the channel 2 and extend into the mounting cavity 7 at the bottom ends and are fixedly connected with first worm gears 8, first rotating motors 9 are fixedly connected in the mounting cavity 7, the first rotating motors 9 are rotationally connected with first worm shafts 10, and the first worm shafts 10 are meshingly connected with the first worm gears 8.

[0035] The first rotating motor can drive the first worm shaft 10 to rotate, the first worm shaft 10 drives the first worm gears 8 to rotate, so that the first mounting columns 6 rotate, and the first mounting columns 6 drive the filter screens 3 connected therewith to rotate, so that the filter screens 3 can realize two states of being parallel to the axis of the channel 2 and being perpendicular to the axis of the channel 2 through rotation. When the sampling head is just submerged in water, the filter screens 3 are parallel to the axis of the channel 2, and the water flow can pass through the channel 2 without obstruction. After the water flow disturbance caused by the submersion of the sampling head is stable, the filter screens 3 are slowly rotated to be perpendicular to the axis of the channel 2, so that the filter screens 3 block the channel 2 and start sampling the sediment passing through the channel 2. In this way, the influence of the sampler on the water flow when the sampler is submerged can be avoided, and the sediment carried by the water flow in a stable state can be collected, so that the collected sample is more representative.

[0036] Further optimization scheme, the both ends of the channel 2 are provided with a plurality of second mounting columns 11, the end cover 4 is detachably connected with the second mounting columns 11, the top end of the second mounting column 11 is rotatably connected with the top wall of the channel 2, the bottom end of the second mounting column 11 extends into the mounting cavity 7 through the channel 2 and is fixedly connected with a second worm wheel 12, a second rotating motor 13 is fixedly connected in the mounting cavity 7, the second rotating motor 13 is rotatably connected with a second worm 14, the second worm 14 is meshingly connected with the two second worm wheels 12.

[0037] The second rotating motor 13 drives the second worm 14, the second worm 14 drives the second worm wheel 12, the second worm wheel 12 drives the second mounting column 11, the second mounting column 11 drives the end cover 4 to rotate, and the same can be realized by rotating the end cover 4 to realize two states of being parallel to the axis of the channel 2 and being perpendicular to the axis of the channel 2, when the end cover 4 is parallel to the axis of the channel 2, the channel 2 is in an open state, when the end cover 4 is perpendicular to the axis of the channel 2, the channel 2 is in a closed state, which can close the channel 2 after sampling to avoid the collected sediment from flowing out.

[0038] Further optimization scheme, the end cover 4 and the outer edge of the filter screen 3 are wrapped with a sealing soft pad 15.

[0039] The sealing soft pad 15 is used to realize the sealing between the end cover 4 and the inner wall of the channel 2 and between the filter screen 3 and the inner wall of the channel 2 when the end cover 4 and the filter screen 3 are perpendicular to the axis of the channel 2, to avoid the sediment from flowing out from the gap between the end cover 4 and the inner wall of the channel 2 and between the filter screen 3 and the inner wall of the channel 2.

[0040] Further optimization scheme, the filter screen 3 is fixedly connected with a C-shaped mounting column 16, the C-shaped mounting column 16 is clamped on the first mounting column 6, a plurality of plug-in columns 17 are fixedly connected on the inner side of the C-shaped mounting column 16, a plug hole 18 is formed on the first mounting column 6 corresponding to the plug-in column 17, and the plug-in column 17 is inserted into the plug hole 18.

[0041] The C-shaped mounting column 16 is clamped on the first mounting column 6 through the semi-surrounding structure, which facilitates the disassembly and installation of the filter screen 3, and facilitates the cleaning of the filter screen 3 and the taking out of the sample sediment after sampling; the plug-in column 17 inserted into the first mounting column 6 can avoid the sliding between the first mounting column 6 and the C-shaped mounting column 16 when the first mounting column 6 rotates, and ensure that the rotation of the first mounting column 6 can drive the rotation of the filter screen 3.

[0042] Similarly, the second mounting column 11 and the end cover 4 are clamped through the same structure.

[0043] Further optimization scheme, the pulling mechanism includes a winch 19, the end of a rope 20 of the winch 19 is connected with a traction rope 21, the traction rope 21 is fixedly connected with the both ends of the sampling head, and the position where the rope 20 is connected with the traction rope 21 makes the center of gravity of the whole device when the rope 20 is elongated and the extended line of the rope 20 is horizontally placed through the sampling head.

[0044] The winch 19 can drive the sampling head to different depths underwater by raising and lowering the rope 20, thereby increasing the representativeness of the collected samples.

[0045] In a further optimized design, the rope 20 of the winch 19 is rotatably connected to the traction rope 21 via a rotating joint 22, and a guide plate 23 is vertically fixed to one end of the outer casing 1 near the outlet of the channel 2.

[0046] The guide plate 23, in conjunction with the rotating joint 22, allows the sampling head to be adjusted adaptively according to the direction of water flow, thereby keeping the inlet of channel 2 as consistent with the direction of water flow as possible, facilitating better sample collection and making the collected samples more representative.

[0047] To further optimize the design, an encoder is installed on winch 19.

[0048] By installing an encoder on the winch 19, the distance the rope 20 is lowered or raised can be calculated by measuring the number of rotations of the drum and combining this with parameters such as the drum diameter. The specific installation structure of the encoder and winch 19 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0049] Any aspects of this utility model that are not detailed herein are conventional technical means known to those skilled in the art.

[0050] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0051] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present utility model by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A sediment sampling device for water-sediment fluxes, characterized in that, Include: The sampling head includes a shell (1), the shell (1) is cylindrical, the sampling head is provided with a channel (2) in the center, a plurality of filter screens (3) are arranged in the channel (2), and the screen aperture of the filter screen (3) gradually decreases along the water flow direction; the channel (2) is provided with end covers (4) at both ends; The pulling mechanism is fixed to the top of the sampling head and pulls the sampling head horizontally down or up; The flow velocity meter (5) is fixed to the top of the shell (1) near the water inlet of the channel (2).

2. The sediment sampling device for water-sediment fluxes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first mounting columns (6) are arranged in the channel (2), the filter screen (3) is detachably connected with the first mounting column (6), the sampling head is provided with a mounting cavity (7) below the channel (2), the top end of the first mounting column (6) is rotatably connected with the top wall of the channel (2), the bottom end of the first mounting column (6) penetrates into the mounting cavity (7) through the channel (2) and is fixedly connected with a first worm gear (8), a first rotary motor (9) is fixedly connected in the mounting cavity (7), the first rotary motor (9) is rotatably connected with a first worm (10), and the first worm (10) is rotatably connected with a plurality of first worm gears (8). The interval between a plurality of filter screens (3) is greater than the maximum diameter of the filter screen (3).

3. The sediment sampling device for water-sediment fluxes according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of second mounting columns (11) are arranged at both ends of the channel (2), the end cover (4) is detachably connected with the second mounting column (11), the top end of the second mounting column (11) is rotatably connected with the top wall of the channel (2), the bottom end of the second mounting column (11) penetrates into the mounting cavity (7) through the channel (2) and is fixedly connected with a second worm gear (12), a second rotary motor (13) is fixedly connected in the mounting cavity (7), the second rotary motor (13) is rotatably connected with a second worm (14), and the second worm (14) is rotatably connected with two second worm gears (12).

4. The sediment sampling device for water-sediment fluxes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end cover (4) and the filter screen (3) are wrapped with a sealing soft pad (15).

5. The sediment sampling device for water-sediment fluxes according to claim 2, characterized in that: A C-shaped mounting column (16) is fixedly connected in the center of the filter screen (3), the C-shaped mounting column (16) is clamped on the first mounting column (6), a plurality of plug-in columns (17) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the C-shaped mounting column (16), plug-in holes (18) are formed in the first mounting column (6) corresponding to the plug-in columns (17), and the plug-in columns (17) are inserted into the plug-in holes (18).

6. The sediment sampling device for water-sediment fluxes according to claim 1, wherein: The pulling mechanism includes a winch (19), the end of a rope (20) of the winch (19) is connected with a traction rope (21), the traction rope (21) is fixedly connected with the sampling head at both ends, and the position where the rope (20) and the traction rope (21) are connected makes the rope (20) pass through the barycenter of the whole device when the rope (20) pulls the sampling head horizontally.

7. The sediment sampling device for water-sediment fluxes according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rope (20) of the winch (19) is connected with the traction rope (21) through a rotating joint (22), and a guide plate (23) is vertically fixed on one end of the shell (1) close to the outlet of the channel (2).

8. The sediment sampling device for water-sediment fluxes according to claim 6, characterized in that: An encoder is installed on the winch (19).

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