Damping and forced simple harmonic vibration experiment device based on digitization

Abstract

The utility model provides a damping and forced simple harmonic vibration experiment device based on digitization, which comprises a base, double supporting rods and an oscillation device, the base is perpendicular to the double supporting rods and is detachably fixed with the double supporting rods, a short supporting rod is transversely arranged at the top of the double supporting rods, a first rotation sensor is arranged on one of the double supporting rods, and a second rotation sensor is arranged on the other of the double supporting rods. The other supporting rod is provided with a second rotation sensor and an oscillation device from top to bottom, the oscillation device is connected with one end of a thin rope, and the other end of the thin rope is sequentially connected with the second rotation sensor, a first spring, the first rotation sensor and a second spring and is finally fixed to the end, close to one side of the rotation sensor, of the short supporting rod; the first rotation sensor, the second rotation sensor and the oscillation device are connected with a control center. The experimental device aims at achieving the objectives that the experimental phenomenon is concrete, the device has an obvious vibration phenomenon, and the device is provided with a visual damping adjusting device and an adjustable continuous periodic external force providing device. And meanwhile, software data is visualized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of university physics experimental device especially, it is a kind of damping and forced simple harmonic vibration experimental device based on digitization. BACKGROUND

[0002] Damping and forced simple harmonic vibration experiment is related to the research of force, mass, acceleration, momentum, energy and other basic physical quantities, not only helps to understand the basic principles and concepts of mechanics, but also has important application value for engineering technology, aerospace, mechanical manufacturing and other fields.In damping and forced simple harmonic vibration experiment, the amplitude, frequency, phase and other parameters of the vibration system are usually observed and analyzed to study the basic law of damping and forced vibration.

[0003] The traditional damping and forced simple harmonic vibration experimental device has the following defects:

[0004] Damping adjustment is not intuitive: mechanical friction is usually used, and the adjustment precision is low and the effect cannot be fed back in real time;

[0005] Driving frequency control is rough: manual adjustment is difficult to accurately capture the resonance point;

[0006] Data acquisition relies on manual recording: there is a lack of real-time visual analysis tool, and the experimental efficiency is low. INVENTION CONTENT

[0007] According to the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a damping and forced simple harmonic vibration experimental device based on digitization, which solves the above problems by integrating digital sensors, modular adjustable structure and real-time data feedback system, and significantly improves the accuracy and teaching efficiency of the experiment.

[0008] The above technical purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0009] A damping and forced simple harmonic vibration experimental device based on digitization, comprising a base, a double strut, an oscillation device, the base is perpendicular to the double strut and can be detachably fixed, a short strut is horizontally arranged at the top of the double strut, one of the double struts is provided with a rotary sensor one, and the other is provided with a rotary sensor two and an oscillation device from top to bottom, the height of the rotary sensor one is lower than that of the rotary sensor two, the oscillation device is connected to one end of a thin rope, the other end of the thin rope is sequentially connected to the rotary sensor two, a spring one, the rotary sensor one, a spring two, and finally fixed to the end of the short strut on the side of the rotary sensor one, the rotary sensor one, the rotary sensor two and the oscillation device are respectively connected to a control center.

[0010] Further, the oscillation device comprises a driving power source, a driving motor, a fixing plate and an oscillator, the driving motor is installed on the supporting rod through the fixing plate, one end of the oscillator is connected with the rotating shaft of the driving motor, and the other end of the oscillator is fixed to the string.

[0011] Further, a sliding groove matched with the rotating shaft of the driving motor is arranged on the side wall of the oscillator and is fixed through screws.

[0012] Further, a rope guide rod is arranged on the upper portion of the fixing plate, and a through hole for passing the string is arranged on the outer end of the rope guide rod.

[0013] Further, a driving accessory is installed on the pulley of the rotating sensor one, and the string drives the rotating sensor one through the driving accessory.

[0014] Further, the driving accessory is made of aluminum blocks with different shapes.

[0015] Further, a damping device is installed on the side surface of the rotating sensor one, and the damping device is made of a telescopic cylindrical magnet, and the magnet corresponds to the driving accessory.

[0016] Further, the base is an A-shaped base, the upper surface of the base is provided with a horizontal bubble, and the end portions of the two feet are provided with four-star hand screws.

[0017] Further, the rotating sensor one and the rotating sensor two are wireless rotating sensors.

[0018] In summary, the utility model has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0019] 1, the experimental device aims at the objectification of experimental phenomena, the device has obvious vibration phenomenon, has direct damping adjustment device, adjustable sustained periodic external force provides device. At the same time, software data visualization, software interface directly records the dynamic change process of data, and the subtle changes of damping and forced vibration, such as amplitude attenuation, resonance point appearance, can be clearly observed.

[0020] 2, the device adopts aluminum disc as vibration accessory, under the change of external driving force frequency, the rotating angle of the disc gradually increases until the strongest in the process from slow rotation to resonance, through two rotating sensors, one of the rotating sensors reads the rotating angle to accurately measure the amplitude of the disc, and the other rotating sensor measures the driving frequency, and real-time curve chart is drawn on the upper computer software, when the driving frequency changes from high to low, through angle-time sequence data, the fluctuation of amplitude can be directly observed, the resonance point is found, and the phase difference change between the driving frequency and the forced vibration frequency.

[0021] 3. The vibration accessory position of the device is designed at the bottom of the device, which reduces the gravity center of the whole device and greatly increases the stability of the device. The higher the accessory position during vibration, the more unstable the whole device is during vibration. At the same time, it is convenient to adjust the damping device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the damping and forced simple harmonic vibration experimental device based on digitalization of the utility model;

[0023] Fig. 2 is the right view of the damping and forced simple harmonic vibration experimental device based on digitalization of the utility model;

[0024] In the figure, 1, base; 2, double strut; 3, rotation sensor one; 4, rotation sensor two; 5, thin rope; 6, spring one; 7, spring two; 8, driving power supply; 9, driving motor; 10, fixed plate; 11, oscillator; 12, guide rope pole; 13, driving accessory; 14, damping device; 15, short strut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The utility model will be further explained in detail in combination with the drawings. EMBODIMENT

[0026] REFERENCE Figs. 1-2 The utility model discloses a damping and forced simple harmonic vibration experimental device based on digitalization, including base 1, double strut 2, oscillation device, its characterized in that: base 1 with double strut 2 is perpendicular and can detachable fixed, the top of double strut 2 is transversely provided with a short strut 15, one is provided with rotation sensor one 3 on double strut 2, and the other is provided with rotation sensor two 4 and oscillation device from top to bottom, the setting height of rotation sensor one 3 is lower than the height of rotation sensor two 4, oscillation device connects thin rope 5 one end, thin rope 5 other end is connected rotation sensor two 4, spring one 6, rotation sensor one 3, spring two 7 in proper order, last with short strut 15 is fixed with the end portion of rotation sensor one 3 side, rotation sensor one 3, rotation sensor two 4 and oscillation device are connected control center respectively.Rotation sensor one 3 and rotation sensor two 4 are all wireless rotation sensor.Wireless rotation sensor can guarantee accurate measurement amplitude and frequency.Rotation sensor one 3 at the top of the device is used to measure the amplitude and frequency of driving accessory 13, and rotation sensor two 4 at the lower part of the device is used to measure the driving frequency.The data of the two sensors can be displayed on the same chart at the same time, which is convenient for intuitive display of phase difference.

[0027] In this embodiment, two springs with the same torsional pendulum constant are used, and the fine rope 5 is directly connected and then connected to the device, so that other torsional pendulum constant springs can be replaced for expansion experiments, and the resonance phenomena of different springs can be compared and analyzed, greatly increasing the application scenarios of the device.

[0028] The oscillation device includes a driving power supply 8, a driving motor 9, a fixed plate 10, and an oscillator 11. The driving motor 9 is installed on the support rod 2 through the fixed plate 10. One end of the oscillator 11 is connected to the rotating shaft of the driving motor 9, and the other end of the oscillator 11 is fixed to the fine rope 5. A sliding groove adapted to the rotating shaft of the driving motor 9 is arranged on the side wall of the oscillator 11 and fixed by a screw. A rope guide rod 12 is arranged on the upper part of the fixed plate 10, and a through hole for threading the rope is arranged on the outer end of the rope guide rod 12.

[0029] The driving power supply 8 can accurately adjust the frequency and intensity of the driving device through the control center, and can set the starting voltage and ending voltage, set the change frequency, and gradually change the output voltage. The driving motor 9 provides stable vibration power, and the oscillator 11 provides continuous periodic external force. The front end is fixed to the fine rope 5, and the rotation of the arm of the oscillator 11 drives the fine rope 5 to apply external excitation force to the spring. The length of the arm of the oscillator 11 can be adjusted, and the longer the arm, the greater the force driving the spring to vibrate. The length of the arm is changed according to the experimental effect to provide appropriate driving force.

[0030] A driving accessory 13 is installed on the pulley of the rotating sensor one 3, and the fine rope 5 drives the rotating sensor one 3 through the driving accessory 13. The driving accessory 13 adopts aluminum blocks of different shapes, which can be discs, rectangular plates, or cylinders. When the disc is forced to vibrate, the angle of rotation is the angle of rotation of the sensor, so that the characteristics and differences of different shaped objects in resonance can be observed. A damping device 14 is installed on the side of the rotating sensor one 3, and the damping device 14 adopts a telescopic cylindrical magnet. The magnet corresponds to the driving accessory 13. When the magnet approaches or moves away from the disc, since the aluminum disc is a conductive material, when the aluminum disc rotates in the magnetic field of the magnetic horseshoe, according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, eddy currents will be excited in the aluminum disc. Eddy current is a closed induced current that tries to resist the change of the magnetic flux that generates it. Therefore, the damping of the disc rotation will increase or weaken. By adjusting the damping size, the influence of damping on vibration is observed, and the relationship between amplitude and frequency under different damping is drawn on the software for comparative analysis.

[0031] The branch rod 2 is fixed by double branch rods, the top of the double branch rods is provided with a short branch rod 15 through a cross clamp, and the outer side of the short branch rod 15 is fixed with the rotation sensor 3. In order to ensure the stability of the device, the double branch rods are fixed, the middle of the branch rod 2 is divided into sections and is connected through threads, and the installation and transportation are facilitated. The top of the branch rod 2 is fixed by two cross clamps, the cross clamps are provided with a short branch rod 15, the stability of the device is enhanced, and the rotation sensor 3 is fixed.

[0032] The base 1 is an A-shaped base, the upper surface is provided with a horizontal bubble, and the end portions of the two feet are provided with four star hand screws. The A-shaped base 1 is made of high-density material, the base 1 is stable, the two feet are designed to be fixed by long hand screws, the height can be adjusted, the base 1 is designed to be provided with a horizontal bubble, the flatness can be directly observed during adjustment, and the experimental effect is ensured.

[0033] The experimental device aims to visualize the experimental phenomenon, the device has obvious vibration phenomenon, has an intuitive damping adjustment device, and can provide a sustained periodic external force. Meanwhile, the software data of the control center is visualized, the software interface directly records the dynamic change process of the data, and the subtle changes of the damping and forced vibration, such as amplitude attenuation and resonance point appearance, can be clearly observed. The device adopts an aluminum disc as a vibration accessory, under the change of the external driving force frequency, the rotation angle of the disc gradually increases from slow rotation to resonance until the strongest, one of the two rotation sensors reads the rotation angle to accurately measure the amplitude of the disc, the other rotation sensor measures the driving frequency, and a curve chart is drawn in real time on the upper computer software, when the driving frequency changes from high to low, the fluctuation of the amplitude can be directly observed through the angle-time sequence data, the resonance point is found, and the phase difference change between the driving frequency and the forced vibration frequency is found.

[0034] The contents not described in detail in the specification belong to the prior art known by those skilled in the art.

[0035] The embodiments of the specific embodiment are the preferred embodiments of the utility model, and do not limit the protection scope of the utility model, so that: equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the utility model should be covered in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A digital-based damping and forced harmonic vibration experiment device, comprising a base (1), a double strut (2), and an oscillation device, characterized in that: The base (1) is perpendicular to the double support rod (2) and is detachably fixed, the double support rod (2) is provided with a short support rod (15) at the top, one of the double support rods (2) is provided with a rotation sensor one (3), the other is provided with a rotation sensor two (4) and an oscillation device from top to bottom, the setting height of the rotation sensor one (3) is lower than the height of the rotation sensor two (4), the oscillation device is connected with one end of the thin rope (5), the other end of the thin rope (5) is connected with the rotation sensor two (4), spring one (6), the rotation sensor one (3), spring two (7) in turn, and finally fixed with the end of the short support rod (15) near the rotation sensor one (3) side, the rotation sensor one (3), the rotation sensor two (4) and the oscillation device are connected with the control center respectively.

2. The digital-based damped and forced harmonic vibration experimental device according to claim 1, wherein: The oscillation device comprises a driving power supply (8), a driving motor (9), a fixed plate (10) and an oscillator (11), the driving motor (9) is installed on the double support rod (2) through the fixed plate (10), one end of the oscillator (11) is connected with the rotating shaft of the driving motor (9), and the other end of the oscillator (11) is fixed with the thin rope (5).

3. The digital-based damped and forced harmonic oscillation experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the oscillator (11) is provided with a sliding groove matched with the rotating shaft of the driving motor (9), and the sliding groove is fixed by screws.

4. The digital-based damped and forced harmonic oscillation experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper part of the fixed plate (10) is provided with a rope guide rod (12), and the outer end of the rope guide rod (12) is provided with a through hole for passing the rope.

5. The digital-based damped and forced harmonic oscillation experimental apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The driving accessory (13) is installed on the pulley of the rotation sensor one (3), and the thin rope (5) drives the rotation sensor one (3) through the driving accessory (13).

6. The digital-based damped and forced harmonic oscillation experimental apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving accessory (13) is made of aluminum blocks with different shapes.

7. The digital-based damped and forced harmonic oscillation experimental apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The damping device (14) is installed on the side surface of the rotation sensor one (3), the damping device (14) is made of a telescopic cylindrical magnet, and the magnet corresponds to the driving accessory (13).

8. The digital-based damped and forced harmonic oscillation experimental apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The base (1) is an A-shaped base, the upper surface is provided with a horizontal bubble, and the end portions of the two feet are provided with four star hand screws.

9. The digital-based damped and forced harmonic oscillation experimental apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The rotation sensor one (3) and the rotation sensor two (4) are both wireless rotation sensors.

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