High-temperature oil steam treatment equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides high-temperature oil steam treatment equipment, which belongs to the technical field of pyrolytic oil treatment and comprises a vertically arranged catalytic tower connected with a high-temperature oil steam outlet of a pyrolytic reaction kettle, the catalytic tower comprises: an inner cylinder, the inner side surface of which defines a reaction chamber; the outer barrel is coaxially arranged outside the inner barrel in a sleeving mode, the outer barrel and the inner barrel are arranged in a spaced mode to limit an outer heating channel, and the outer barrel is provided with an outer heating channel smoke inlet located in the bottom and an outer heating channel smoke outlet located in the top; the plurality of supporting plates are horizontally arranged in the reaction chamber; and the inner heating channel extends downwards to the bottom of the reaction chamber from the centers of the tops of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder along the axis of the inner cylinder and then is bent, and penetrates out of the reaction chamber from the side surfaces of the lower parts of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The utility model solves the technical problem of low utilization rate of pyrolytic oil caused by complex components, high oxygen content and water content, multiple heavy components, high viscosity and low energy density of the pyrolytic oil obtained by pyrolysis in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of pyrolysis oil treatment technology, and in particular relates to a high-temperature oil vapor treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] Waste tire pyrolysis is an irreversible thermochemical reaction that uses high temperatures in an oxygen-free or oxygen-deficient atmosphere to decompose the organic matter in waste tires, releasing volatile products and forming solid coke. During incomplete thermal degradation, gaseous, liquid, and solid products can be formed. This method can completely decompose waste tires into useful products such as pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis carbon black, and pyrolysis non-condensable gases. However, the pyrolysis oil obtained from direct pyrolysis has a complex composition, high oxygen and water content, many heavy components, high viscosity, and low energy density, resulting in low utilization rate. Utility Model Content

[0003] Details of one or more embodiments of the present invention are set forth in the following drawings and description to make other features, objects and advantages of the present application more readily apparent.

[0004] This utility model proposes a high-temperature oil vapor treatment device, which solves the technical problems of low utilization rate of pyrolysis oil due to its complex composition, high oxygen and water content, many heavy components, high viscosity, and low energy density. It has the characteristics of effectively improving the utilization rate of pyrolysis oil and product quality.

[0005] This utility model discloses a high-temperature oil vapor treatment device, including a vertically arranged catalytic tower connected to the high-temperature oil vapor outlet of a pyrolysis reactor; the catalytic tower includes: an inner cylinder, the inner side of which forms a reaction chamber; an outer cylinder, coaxially sleeved outside the inner cylinder and spaced apart from the inner cylinder to define an external heating channel, the outer cylinder having an external heating channel flue gas inlet at the bottom and an external heating channel flue gas outlet at the top; several support plates, horizontally arranged inside the reaction chamber; and an inner heating channel extending downward from the top center of the inner and outer cylinders along the axis of the inner cylinder to the bottom of the reaction chamber, then bending and exiting the reaction chamber from the lower side of the inner and outer cylinders.

[0006] Furthermore, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder have openings at corresponding positions on their sides at the bottom to form high-temperature oil vapor inlets, and openings at corresponding positions on their sides at the top to form high-temperature oil vapor outlets; the flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas in the inner heating channel is opposite to the flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas in the outer heating channel.

[0007] Furthermore, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder have openings at the bottom center to form sludge outlets.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are connected at the top and bottom by an inner end cap and an outer end cap to form a sealed body.

[0009] In some embodiments, each support plate is provided with a catalyst perforated plate at its upper part, and a catalyst screen is provided at the upper part of the catalyst perforated plate.

[0010] In some embodiments, a catalyst inlet is provided at the upper part of each support plate corresponding to the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and a catalyst outlet is provided at the lower part of each support plate corresponding to the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder.

[0011] In some embodiments, the high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment further includes a vertical tube condenser, which is connected to the catalytic tower via a high-temperature oil vapor outlet.

[0012] In some embodiments, the high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment further includes a cooling tank connected to the upper outlet of the vertical tube condenser and a cooling oil collection tank connected to the bottom oil outlet of the vertical tube condenser.

[0013] In some embodiments, the cooling tank is connected to the cooling oil collection tank, and the cooling oil collection tank is also provided with a gas-liquid separator.

[0014] In some embodiments, the slag outlet of the pyrolysis reactor is connected to a slag-blocking screw conveyor.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] This invention proposes a high-temperature oil vapor treatment device, in which an internal heating channel and an external heating channel simultaneously heat the high-temperature oil vapor in the reaction chamber, promoting the catalytic reaction, ensuring sufficient heat supply for the catalytic reaction, further increasing the reaction rate, improving production efficiency, and causing volatile components in the pyrolysis oil to undergo decarbonylation, hydroxylization, and carboxylation reactions, resulting in the removal of more oxygen elements in the pyrolysis oil in the form of CO, CO2, and H2O; adjusting the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio in the pyrolysis oil to improve its combustion performance and calorific value; and converting impurities such as sulfur and nitrogen in the pyrolysis oil into easily removable forms or directly converting them into harmless substances, reducing environmental pollution and corrosion of subsequent processing equipment.

[0017] This invention proposes a high-temperature oil vapor treatment device. Furthermore, the high-temperature flue gas flows in opposite directions in the external and internal heating channels, providing sufficient energy to the reactant molecules in the pyrolysis oil vapor and preventing the catalytic reaction from stopping due to insufficient energy in the reactants. Simultaneously, this arrangement maintains a uniform temperature within the catalytic tower, promoting the efficiency of the main reaction and preventing side reactions caused by temperature imbalances. Additionally, this arrangement keeps the catalyst within a suitable temperature range, increasing the number of active centers and enhancing the activity of active sites, enabling more effective adsorption of reactant molecules and catalytic conversion, thereby improving the overall reaction rate. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment provided in the embodiment of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the catalytic tower section of the high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the catalyst orifice plate structure of the high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the catalyst screen structure of the high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] In the above figures:

[0024] 1. Catalytic tower; 101. Inner cylinder; 1011. Reaction chamber; 102. Outer cylinder; 1021. External heating channel; 1022. Flue gas inlet; 1023. Flue gas outlet; 103. Support plate; 1031. Catalyst perforated plate; 1032. Catalyst screen; 104. Internal heating channel; 105. High-temperature oil vapor inlet; 106. High-temperature oil vapor outlet; 107. Oil sludge outlet; 108. Catalyst feed inlet; 109. Catalyst discharge outlet; 2. Vertical tube condenser; 3. Cooling tank; 4. Cooling oil collection tank; 401. Gas-liquid separator; 5. Slag discharge and gas-blocking screw conveyor; 6. Pyrolysis reactor; 601. Slag outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be described and explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided by this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0026] This utility model embodiment provides a high-temperature oil vapor treatment device. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-temperature oil vapor treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Reference) Figure 1As shown, the high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment includes at least: a vertically arranged catalytic tower 1 connected to the high-temperature oil vapor outlet 106 of the pyrolysis reactor 6; as shown... Figure 2 As shown, the catalytic tower 1 includes: an inner cylinder 101, the inner side of which forms a reaction chamber 1011; an outer cylinder 102, coaxially sleeved outside the inner cylinder 101 and spaced apart from the inner cylinder 101 to define an external heating channel 1021, the outer cylinder 102 having an external heating channel 1021 flue gas inlet 1022 at the bottom and an external heating channel 1021 flue gas outlet 1023 at the top; a plurality of support plates 103, horizontally arranged inside the reaction chamber 1011; and an inner heating channel 104 extending downward from the top center of the inner cylinder 101 and the outer cylinder 102 along the axis of the inner cylinder 101 to the bottom of the reaction chamber 1011 and then bending, and passing through the lower side of the inner cylinder 101 and the outer cylinder 102 into the reaction chamber 1011.

[0027] A catalyst is placed on the support plate 103. High-temperature oil vapor undergoes a catalytic reaction in the reaction chamber 1011. The flue gas is used for heating to prevent the temperature of the high-temperature oil vapor from dropping and affecting the catalytic effect of the product.

[0028] The internal heating channel 104 and the external heating channel 1021 simultaneously heat the high-temperature oil vapor in the reaction chamber 1011, promoting the catalytic reaction, ensuring sufficient heat supply for the catalytic reaction, further increasing the reaction rate, improving production efficiency, and causing the volatile components in the pyrolysis oil to undergo decarbonylation, hydroxylization, and carboxylation reactions. This allows more oxygen in the pyrolysis oil to be removed in the form of CO, CO2, and H2O, thereby improving its stability and energy density, reducing its corrosiveness, and making it easier to store, transport, and use. It also adjusts the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio in the pyrolysis oil, making its composition more conducive to combustion and further processing, improving its combustion performance and calorific value. Furthermore, it converts impurities such as sulfur and nitrogen in the pyrolysis oil into easily removable forms or directly converts them into harmless substances, reducing the impurity content in the pyrolysis oil, reducing environmental pollution and corrosion of subsequent processing equipment.

[0029] Furthermore, the inner cylinder 101 and the outer cylinder 102 have openings at corresponding positions on their sides to form high-temperature oil vapor inlets 105, and the inner cylinder 101 and the outer cylinder 102 have openings at corresponding positions on their sides to form high-temperature oil vapor outlets 106; the flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas in the inner heating channel 104 is opposite to the flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas in the outer heating channel 1021.

[0030] The high-temperature flue gas flows in opposite directions in the external heating channel 1021 and the internal heating channel 104. The high-temperature flue gas inlet 1022 of the external heating channel 1021 is located at the bottom of the outer cylinder 102, and the high-temperature flue gas outlet 1023 is located at the top of the outer cylinder 102. The high-temperature flue gas flows from the bottom to the top of the catalytic tower 1. This arrangement ensures that the flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas is the same as that of the high-temperature oil vapor, allowing the high-temperature oil vapor to heat up rapidly and start the catalytic reaction as soon as possible, thus accelerating the rate of the catalytic reaction. The high-temperature flue gas in the internal heating channel 104 flows from the top to the bottom of the catalytic tower 1. This arrangement provides supplemental heating to the top of the catalytic tower 1, supplying sufficient energy to the reactant molecules in the pyrolysis oil vapor and preventing the catalytic reaction from stopping due to insufficient energy of the reactants. Simultaneously, this arrangement maintains a uniform temperature within the catalytic tower 1, promoting the efficiency of the main reaction and preventing side reactions caused by temperature imbalances. Furthermore, this arrangement keeps the catalyst within a suitable temperature range, increasing the number of active centers and enhancing the activity of active sites, enabling more effective adsorption of reactant molecules and catalytic conversion, thereby improving the overall reaction rate. This arrangement makes the reaction more controllable, resulting in more stable product purity and quality, reducing the instability of reaction products caused by fluctuations in reaction conditions, and significantly improving production efficiency.

[0031] Furthermore, the bottom center positions of the inner cylinder 101 and the outer cylinder 102 form an oil sludge outlet 107.

[0032] In some embodiments, a control valve is provided at the lower part of the sludge outlet 107 to discharge the collected sludge at regular intervals according to actual working conditions.

[0033] Furthermore, the outer cylinder 102 and the inner cylinder 101 are connected at the top and bottom by an inner end cap and an outer end cap to form a sealed body.

[0034] Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, each support plate 103 is provided with a catalyst perforated plate 1031 on its upper part, and a catalyst screen 1032 is provided on the upper part of the catalyst perforated plate 1031. The catalyst screen 1032 is filled with a catalyst of a certain thickness.

[0035] In some embodiments, the catalyst perforated plate 1031 is configured with a varying number of circular holes, and the catalyst screen 1032 is configured with square holes.

[0036] The perforated plates and sieves provide a stable support structure for the catalyst, allowing it to remain in a specific position and area, preventing movement, accumulation, or scattering during the catalytic reaction of high-temperature oil vapor. This ensures uniform distribution of the catalyst within the catalytic tower 1, promoting stable reaction. The perforated plates and sieves also allow high-temperature oil vapor to pass evenly through the catalyst layer. As the vapor passes through the small holes in the plates or the mesh of the sieves, it is dispersed into a uniform stream, ensuring sufficient contact with the catalyst and improving reaction efficiency and uniformity, thus preventing localized over- or under-reaction. Placing the catalyst on the perforated plates and sieves facilitates easy refilling, replacement, or maintenance of the catalyst. When using catalyst, operation is more convenient; the perforated plate and screen module containing the catalyst can be removed or placed in as a whole without the need for large-scale disassembly and reassembly of the entire catalytic tower 1, saving time and labor costs and improving production efficiency; the perforated plate and screen can prevent the catalyst from being directly impacted and worn to a certain extent. When the high-temperature oil vapor flow rate is large, the high-temperature oil vapor flows upward from the bottom of the catalytic tower 1. The perforated plate and screen are located below the catalyst, which can buffer the force of the high-temperature oil vapor on the catalyst, reduce the collision and friction between catalyst particles and between the catalyst and the container, thereby protecting the integrity and activity of the catalyst and extending the service life of the catalyst.

[0037] In some embodiments, the outer cylinder 102 and the inner cylinder 101 have catalyst inlets 108 at the top of each support plate 103, and catalyst outlets 109 are provided at the bottom of each support plate 103. This facilitates catalyst replacement. This configuration not only allows for the replacement and maintenance of deactivated catalysts after use, but also enables the change of catalyst type to suit different compositions of pyrolysis oil vapors, producing different catalytic reaction products and improving the equipment's applicability.

[0038] In some embodiments, three layers of support plates 103 are evenly distributed from bottom to top in the reaction chamber 1011 inside the inner cylinder 101 of the catalytic tower 1. Three sets of catalyst inlets 108 are arranged from top to bottom on the left side of the catalytic tower 1, and three sets of catalyst outlets 109 are arranged from top to bottom on the right side of the catalytic tower 1. The catalyst outlets 109 are lower than the catalyst inlets 108 and flush with the lower edge of the support plates 103. The arrangement of the three support plates provides more surface area and interfaces, increasing the contact area between the high-temperature oil vapor and the catalyst, allowing the reaction to proceed more fully and exposing more active sites to the reactants, which is beneficial for improving the reaction rate and conversion rate. Each layer of catalyst can act on different steps or intermediate products in the reaction process, achieving stepwise catalysis and allowing the reaction to proceed along a more favorable path.

[0039] In some embodiments, the high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment further includes a vertical tube condenser 2, which is connected to the catalytic tower 1 via a high-temperature oil vapor outlet 106. The vertical tube condenser 2 condenses the high-temperature oil vapor that has undergone the catalytic reaction.

[0040] In some embodiments, the high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment further includes a cooling tank 3 connected to the upper gas outlet of the vertical tube condenser 2, and a cooling oil collection tank 4 connected to the bottom oil outlet of the vertical tube condenser 2.

[0041] In some embodiments, the cooling tank 3 is connected to the cooling oil collection tank 4, which is also equipped with a gas-liquid separator 401. The generated pyrolysis non-condensable dry gas is transported to an external gas storage tank for storage. This arrangement effectively separates the cooling oil and the pyrolysis non-condensable gas.

[0042] In some embodiments, the slag outlet 601 of the pyrolysis reactor 6 is connected to the slag outlet gas-blocking screw conveyor 5.

[0043] In some embodiments, the slag discharge air-blocking screw conveyor 5 adopts a self-sealing structure. The feed inlet is located on the right side of the screw cylinder. A screw shaft is installed inside the screw cylinder, and screw blades are installed on the screw shaft. Under the action of the driving device, the incoming carbon slag is moved to the left discharge end and finally discharged from the discharge port and sent to the carbon black deep processing workshop for high-quality treatment.

[0044] In some embodiments, a rear solid-liquid sealed collection chamber is provided, in which high-temperature oil vapor and solid carbon residue after pyrolysis in the pyrolysis reactor 6 are collected; a high-temperature oil vapor outlet 106 is provided on the upper right side of the rear solid-liquid sealed collection chamber, and the high-temperature oil vapor collected after pyrolysis is discharged from the high-temperature oil vapor outlet 106 and transported to the catalytic tower 1 for catalysis via the high-temperature oil vapor conveying pipeline.

[0045] In some embodiments, the inner cylinder 101 and the outer cylinder 102 of the catalytic tower 1 are spaced approximately 200 mm apart. This arrangement can fully ensure the flowability of the high-temperature flue gas while also taking into account the heat preservation effect.

[0046] In some embodiments, an oil and gas temperature measuring instrument is installed on the upper left side of the outer cylinder 102 of the catalytic tower 1 to detect the operating temperature of high-temperature oil vapor inside the tower. When the temperature of the catalytic tower 1 is too high or too low, the flow rate of the high-temperature flue gas is adjusted in time to prevent the operating temperature from falling below the standard, which would affect the efficiency of the reaction and the stability of the reaction products.

[0047] In some embodiments, a cylindrical tension compensation ring is provided at the lower part of the catalytic tower 1. Its function is to cope with the thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes and effectively alleviate the resulting stress.

[0048] The working process of the above-mentioned high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment is as follows:

[0049] High-temperature oil vapor from pyrolysis in the pyrolysis reactor enters the reaction chamber of the catalytic tower through the high-temperature oil vapor inlet at the bottom of the catalytic tower for catalytic reaction. The catalytic tower has internal and external heating channels that simultaneously heat the high-temperature oil vapor. A support plate is installed inside the catalytic tower, on which the catalyst is placed. After the high-temperature oil vapor has fully undergone catalytic reaction, it leaves the catalytic tower through the high-temperature oil vapor outlet at the top of the catalytic tower and enters a vertical tube condenser connected to the catalytic tower for condensation. The condensed liquid portion enters a cooling oil collection tank for collection and storage, while the gaseous portion enters a cooling tank for cooling. After cooling in the cooling tank, it enters the cooling oil collection tank. Non-condensable pyrolysis non-condensable gases are separated by a gas-liquid separator and then transported to an external gas storage tank for storage.

[0050] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0051] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high-temperature oil vapor treatment device, characterized in that, The catalyst tower includes a vertically mounted catalytic tower connected to the high-temperature oil vapor outlet of a pyrolysis reactor; the catalytic tower comprises: The inner cylinder has its inner sides forming a reaction chamber. An outer cylinder is coaxially sleeved outside the inner cylinder and spaced apart from the inner cylinder to define an external heating channel. The outer cylinder has an external heating channel flue gas inlet at the bottom and an external heating channel flue gas outlet at the top. Several support plates are horizontally arranged within the reaction chamber; The internal heating channel extends downward from the top center of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder along the axis of the inner cylinder to the bottom of the reaction chamber, then bends and exits the reaction chamber from the lower side of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder.

2. The high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner cylinder and the outer cylinder have openings at corresponding positions on their sides at the bottom to form high-temperature oil vapor inlets, and the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder have openings at corresponding positions on their sides at the top to form high-temperature oil vapor outlets; the flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas in the inner heating channel is opposite to the flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas in the outer heating channel.

3. The high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner cylinder and the outer cylinder have openings at their bottom center positions to form sludge outlets.

4. The high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are connected at the top and bottom by an inner end cap and an outer end cap to form a sealed body.

5. The high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the support plates is provided with a catalyst perforated plate at its upper part, and a catalyst screen is provided at the upper part of the catalyst perforated plate.

6. The high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are provided with catalyst inlets at the top of each support plate, and the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are provided with catalyst outlets at the bottom of each support plate.

7. The high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment also includes a vertical tube condenser, which is connected to the catalytic tower through the high-temperature oil vapor outlet.

8. The high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment also includes a cooling tank connected to the upper gas outlet of the vertical tube condenser, and a cooling oil collection tank connected to the bottom oil outlet of the vertical tube condenser.

9. The high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cooling tank is connected to the cooling oil collection tank, and the cooling oil collection tank is also equipped with a gas-liquid separator.

10. The high-temperature oil vapor treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slag outlet of the pyrolysis reactor is connected to the slag-blocking gas screw conveyor.

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