Charcoal-based functional fertilizer carrier adsorption drying device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biochar-based functional fertilizer carrier adsorbing and drying device, which relates to the technical field of fertilizer production, and comprises a stirring box body with a feed port and a discharge port, a first stirrer and a first spiral conveyor are coaxially arranged in the stirring box body, and the first stirrer and the first spiral conveyor are arranged up and down; the first spiral conveyor is positioned above a discharge port with a discharge valve; the stirring box body is sleeved with a water bath heating sleeve so as to heat the stirring box body, and an air exhaust pipeline communicated with the interior of the stirring box body is arranged on the stirring box body so as to perform air exhaust treatment on the interior of the stirring box body in a stirring state. According to the utility model, multiple functions of stirring, material conveying, heating, air exhaust and the like are integrated, efficient material mixing and conveying are realized through the first stirrer and the first spiral material conveyor, and meanwhile, the water bath heating sleeve and the air exhaust pipeline are used for heating and air exhaust treatment on the stirring box body, so that the drying efficiency of mixed products is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fertilizer production technology, specifically to a biochar-based functional fertilizer carrier adsorption and drying device. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the research and promotion of functional fertilizers has become a hot topic in the field of high-efficiency agriculture. Functional fertilizers combine crop nutrition with other factors that limit crop yield, including fertilizers with high utilization rates, fertilizers that improve water use efficiency, fertilizers that improve soil structure, fertilizers that adapt to the characteristics of superior varieties, fertilizers that improve crop lodging resistance, and fertilizers with plant protection effects. Biochar-based functional fertilizers are a type of fertilizer based on biochar that can enhance soil permeability, improve soil structure, enhance soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, improve soil biological activity and nutrient utilization, enhance plant cell vitality, promote plant root development, enhance plant disease resistance, promote tobacco leaf growth and development, enhance its disease resistance, and improve tobacco leaf quality. With the steady advancement of urbanization in my country, intensive agricultural management has become the main direction of agricultural development. However, the increasing labor and agricultural input costs have become increasingly important factors restricting the profitability of flue-cured tobacco cultivation. Therefore, it is particularly important to reduce the frequency and amount of pesticide and fertilizer application in the tobacco production process and promote the sustainable maintenance of the soil micro-ecological environment for tobacco cultivation. Therefore, in current production technologies, the porous adsorption and slow-release properties of biochar are utilized to enable biochar as a carrier to fully absorb fertilizer and / or pesticide solutions, thereby preparing functional fertilizer products that have both plant protection and fertilization effects.

[0003] To address this, we propose a biochar-based functional fertilizer carrier adsorption and drying device for efficient and rapid mixing of biochar with fertilizer and / or pesticide solutions. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biochar-based functional fertilizer carrier adsorption and drying device to solve the problems in the prior art. This device can fully stir biochar and liquid materials by setting a first stirrer, and can quickly dry and shape the mixed materials by water bath heating and vacuum decompression.

[0005] To solve the above problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A biochar-based functional fertilizer carrier adsorption and drying device includes a mixing chamber with an inlet and an outlet. A first agitator and a first spiral conveyor are coaxially arranged inside the mixing chamber, with the first agitator and the first spiral conveyor arranged vertically. The first spiral conveyor is located above the outlet, which has a discharge valve. A water bath heating jacket is fitted over the mixing chamber to heat it. An exhaust pipe is connected to the mixing chamber and its interior to exhaust air during the mixing process.

[0007] The device also includes a solid material conveying system and a liquid material conveying system. The feed inlet on the mixing tank is configured as two sets, namely a solid material inlet and a liquid material inlet. The solid material conveying system is used to convey solid material to the solid material inlet, and the liquid material conveying system is used to convey liquid material to the liquid material inlet.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this invention, the device also includes a support for supporting the mixing tank, and a weighing device for weighing the mixing tank is provided on the support.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the top of the mixing tank is provided with a drive source consisting of a first motor and a first gearbox, and the drive source is connected to the first stirrer in a transmission connection.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the water bath heating jacket is equipped with a water level gauge, a temperature sensor and a heating tube, and the top and bottom of the water bath heating jacket are respectively provided with a water filling hole and a drain valve.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this invention: the air extraction pipe is connected to a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is driven by a second motor.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the solid material conveying system includes a solid material box, and a horizontally arranged second spiral conveyor is provided inside the solid material box. One end of the second spiral conveyor is connected to the solid material inlet, and the second spiral conveyor is driven by a third motor and a second gearbox.

[0013] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the liquid material conveying system includes a liquid material tank, a second stirrer is provided inside the liquid material tank, and the liquid material tank is connected to the liquid material inlet through a liquid pump, which is driven by a fourth motor.

[0014] As a further embodiment of this utility model, a pressure control valve is provided on the mixing tank body.

[0015] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the device also includes a control system, which is electrically connected to the first motor, the second motor, the third motor, the fourth motor, the heating tube, the air pressure control valve, the temperature sensor, and the weighing device.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The advantage of this biochar-based functional fertilizer carrier adsorption drying device is that it integrates multiple functions such as stirring, conveying, heating, and degassing. Through the first stirrer and the first spiral conveyor set on the same axis, efficient material mixing and conveying are achieved. At the same time, the water bath heating jacket and the degassing pipe are used to heat and degas the mixing box, which improves the drying efficiency of the mixed product.

[0018] 2. By adding supports and weighing devices, the mixing tank can be stably supported, and the weight of the tank can be monitored in real time, which is conducive to accurately controlling the amount of material input.

[0019] 3. The water bath heating jacket is equipped with a water level gauge, temperature sensor and heating tube, as well as a water inlet and drain valve, making the heating process more intelligent and controllable, and improving heating efficiency and safety.

[0020] 4. This device integrates a solid material conveying system and a liquid material conveying system, enabling separate input of solid and liquid materials, making material proportioning more flexible and precise.

[0021] 5. A pressure control valve is installed on the mixing chamber, which can adjust the air pressure inside the mixing chamber in real time, which is beneficial to controlling the stability and efficiency of the drying process.

[0022] 6. The device is equipped with a control system, which enables centralized control and intelligent management of all components, improving the automation level and ease of operation of the entire device. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mixing tank structure in this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid material tank structure in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the solid material box structure in this utility model.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Mixing tank; 101. Solid material inlet; 102. Liquid material inlet; 2. First agitator; 3. First screw conveyor; 4. Discharge valve; 5. Water bath heating jacket; 6. Exhaust pipe; 7. Support frame; 8. Weighing device; 9. First motor; 10. First gearbox; 11. Water level gauge; 12. Temperature sensor; 13. Heating element; 14. Water inlet; 15. Drain valve; 16. Vacuum pump; 17. Second motor; 18. Solid material tank; 19. Second screw conveyor; 20. Third motor; 21. Second gearbox; 22. Liquid material tank; 23. Second agitator; 24. Liquid pump; 25. Fourth motor; 26. Air pressure control valve; 27. Control system. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0030] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a biochar-based functional fertilizer carrier adsorption and drying device comprises four parts: a raw material conveying system, a mixing and adsorption system, a mixing and drying system, and a control system.

[0031] (1) The raw material conveying system is used to convey solid materials and liquid materials to the mixing adsorption system. The mixing adsorption system is used to mix and stir the solid materials and liquid materials. Based on this application, the solid material is biochar and the liquid material is fertilizer solution or pesticide solution or a mixture of the two.

[0032] (2) The mixing and adsorption system is used to receive solid materials and liquid materials and to fully mix and stir them;

[0033] (3) The mixing and drying system is used to dry the mixture after it has been processed by the mixing and adsorption system;

[0034] (4) The control system 27 is used to control the electrical components in the raw material conveying system, the mixing and adsorption system and the mixing and drying system.

[0035] Specifically, the raw material conveying system includes a solid material conveying system and a liquid material conveying system. The solid material conveying system includes a solid material tank 18 with a capacity of 1000 liters. The solid material tank 18 is prismatic and made of stainless steel. The top of the solid material tank 18 has a flared opening. A horizontally arranged second spiral conveyor 19 is installed inside the solid material tank 18. The second spiral conveyor 19 is driven by a third motor 20 and a second gearbox 21. The second spiral conveyor 19 can be used to convey the solid material inside the solid material tank 18 to the mixing and adsorption system. The liquid material conveying system includes a 500-liter liquid material tank 22, which is cylindrical and made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel, and is used to prepare raw materials for pesticide or fertilizer dilution solutions. The top of the liquid material tank 22 has a feeding port, a filter screen, and a tank cover with an air inlet. A second agitator 23 is installed inside the liquid material tank 22, and a drive unit is connected to the top of the second agitator 23. The second agitator 23 can agitate the material in the liquid material tank 22 and convey it to the mixing and adsorption system.

[0036] Specifically, the mixing and adsorption system includes a mixing tank 1 with an inlet and an outlet. The mixing tank 1 is a cylindrical, double-layered, sealed container made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel. A weighing device 8 is located at the bottom, and a support 7 is positioned at the bottom of the weighing device 8. Inside the mixing tank 1, a first agitator 2 and a first spiral conveyor 3 are coaxially arranged, with the first agitator 2 and the first spiral conveyor 3 positioned vertically above the outlet with a discharge valve 4. A drive source consisting of a first motor 9 and a first gearbox 10 is located at the top of the mixing tank 1, and the drive source is connected to the first agitator 2. Preferably, the first agitator 2 is a three-bladed impeller. When the first agitator 2 rotates clockwise, it generates upward force to mix the materials. When the first agitator 2 rotates counterclockwise, the first spiral conveyor 3 generates downward force to mix the materials. Opening the discharge valve 4 at the bottom outlet allows the mixed materials to be discharged.

[0037] Based on the mixing tank 1, the mixing tank 1 has two sets of inlets, namely a solid material inlet 101 and a liquid material inlet 102. The solid material conveying system is used to convey solid material to the solid material inlet 101. Specifically, one end of the second spiral conveyor 19 is connected to the solid material inlet 101. The liquid material conveying system is used to convey liquid material to the liquid material inlet 102. Specifically, the liquid material tank 22 has a liquid inlet at the bottom. The liquid inlet is connected to a three-way connector and a liquid pump 24 in sequence through a polytetrafluoroethylene pipe. One end of the three-way connector is connected to a valve to drain the residual liquid in the tank. The liquid pump outlet is connected to the polytetrafluoroethylene pipe. The end of the pipe is connected to a liquid valve. The outlet of the liquid valve is sealed to the liquid material inlet 102 at the top of the mixing tank 1. The liquid pump 24 is connected to the fourth motor 25.

[0038] Specifically, the mixing and drying system employs water bath heating and vacuum decompression methods for mixing and drying. A water bath heating jacket 5 is fitted over the mixing chamber 1 to heat it. An extraction pipe 6 is connected to the mixing chamber 1 and its interior to perform vacuum extraction during mixing. The water bath heating jacket 5, with a capacity of 400 liters, is located outside the inner container of the mixing and adsorption system. Its bottom inner layer contains a heating tube 13, a temperature sensor 12, and a drain valve 15. A water inlet 14 is located at the top. A vertical, transparent graduated plastic tube, i.e., a water level gauge 11, is located on one side of the outer layer. The top and bottom of this plastic tube are connected to the water bath heating jacket 5 via pipes. The vacuum decompression method utilizes a vacuum pump 16 connected to the extraction pipe 6 at the top of the mixing chamber 1 for decompression drying. The vacuum pump 16 is a circulating water vacuum pump, connected to a second motor 17. A pressure control valve 26 is installed on the mixing chamber 1.

[0039] Specifically, the control system 27 can control parameters such as material conveying, stirring speed, heating temperature, and vacuum pressure throughout the entire process. The control system 27 can be any applicable computing device, such as a personal computer, server, programmable controller, microcontroller, etc., or it can be an integration of computer devices. The control system 27 has functions such as receiving information and sending control commands. The control system 27 can control each part to perform corresponding actions through wired or wireless communication.

[0040] The control system 27 is connected to a 220V three-phase power supply. The control system 27 is electrically connected to the first motor 9, the second motor 17, the third motor 20, the fourth motor 25, the heating tube 13, the air pressure control valve 26, the temperature sensor 12, and the weighing device 8.

[0041] This article uses biochar as the solid material and pesticide solution as the liquid material as an example to illustrate the process. The specific steps are as follows:

[0042] (1) Preparation of liquid materials: First, close the valve at the bottom of the liquid material tank 22 for residual liquid discharge, then close the liquid pump 24 and the fourth motor 25, start the second stirrer 23, and stir at a speed of 60 rpm; then add 416 kg of 98% dimethylformamide solvent to the liquid material tank 22, and then add 24 kg of 92% abamectin B2 raw powder. During the process of adding raw materials, the second stirrer 23 is in continuous working state, that is, stirring while adding materials. When the abamectin B2 raw powder is completely dissolved, a 5% abamectin B2 dimethylformamide solution is prepared for use.

[0043] (2) Preparation of solid materials: First, close the second spiral conveyor 19 in the solid material box 18, add 600 kg of biochar with 30% water content to the solid material box 18, and pre-treat the biochar with 2% dilute sulfuric acid spray acid for later use.

[0044] (3) Feeding solid materials: First, close the discharge valve 4 at the bottom of the mixing tank 1, then open the air pressure control valve 26 at the top of the mixing tank 1 to release the air pressure inside the tank and keep it consistent with the outside atmospheric pressure. Then, start the first motor 9 and the first gearbox 10 and make the first agitator 2 rotate clockwise at a speed of 60 rpm. The weight of solid materials to be fed is preset to 489 kg. After opening the corresponding discharge valve on the solid material conveying system, start the second spiral conveyor 19 to feed biochar raw materials into the mixing tank 1. When the weight of the feed is 489 kg, the second spiral conveyor 19 will automatically stop feeding, while the first agitator 2 will continue to work and stir.

[0045] (4) Feeding of liquid materials: Under the condition that the first agitator 2 continues to rotate clockwise, the liquid feeding weight is preset to 220Kg; open the corresponding drain valve on the liquid material conveying system, and then start the second agitator 23. When 220Kg of 5% abamectin B2 dimethylformamide solution is pumped into the mixing tank 1, the pumping of liquid feeding will automatically stop.

[0046] (5) After the liquid is fed, the first stirrer 2 continues to stir for a period of time to prepare 709 kg of biochar with a content of 1.55% abamectin B2. Then, continue to stir for 20 minutes until the biochar is slightly wet powder to viscous lumps.

[0047] (6) Drying of the mixture: While the first agitator 2 continues to rotate clockwise, first close the drain valve at the bottom of the water bath heating jacket 5, then inject clean water into the water bath heating jacket 5 to the maximum water level line, then set the water bath temperature to 45℃, connect the heating pipe 13, and heat the mixture; then close the corresponding drain valve on the liquid material conveying system, the corresponding discharge valve on the solid material conveying system, and the air pressure control valve 26 on the top of the mixing box 1 in sequence, so that the mixing box 1 is in a sealed state, then start the vacuum pump 16 and the second motor 17 to keep the mixing box 1 in a continuous vacuum decompression state, maintain the control air pressure of 0.01 to 0.02 MPa, and when the total weight of the material in the mixing box 1 drops to 500 kg, open the air pressure control valve 26 to make the air pressure in the mixing box 1 consistent with the outside air pressure, and then close the vacuum pump 16, the heating pipe 13, and the first agitator 2 in sequence;

[0048] (7) Output of mixed materials: First open the discharge valve 4 at the bottom of the mixing tank 1, then start the first agitator 2 to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, the mixed and dried biochar containing 2.2% abamectin B2 will be continuously output from the bottom.

[0049] (8) The prepared biochar containing abamectin B2 and the organic fertilizer containing fungal residue with a moisture content of 27 to 30% are mixed evenly at a weight ratio of 15:85 to obtain 0.33% abamectin B2 carbon-based functional fertilizer powder. Subsequently, the mixed material can be further processed by extrusion granulation to obtain 0.33% abamectin B2 carbon-based functional fertilizer granules.

[0050] In summary, the prepared 0.33% abamectin B2 carbon-based functional fertilizer powder not only contains pesticides but also microbial residue organic fertilizer. When applied to plants such as tobacco, the porous adsorption and slow-release properties of biochar provide a dual effect of plant protection and fertilization. Compared with traditional pesticide spraying methods, this device, through multi-stage stirring and precise material conveying, effectively increases the adhesion of functional components such as pesticides and fertilizers to the pores of the biochar inner layer, thereby improving the adsorption rate and material uniformity. Furthermore, this application is equipped with both water bath heating and vacuum decompression. Water bath heating significantly increases the solvent evaporation rate, while vacuum decompression not only increases the solvent evaporation rate but also allows for rapid discharge of gaseous solvents, greatly improving the drying efficiency of the biochar. Simultaneously, the control system 27 in this application allows for precise control of material conveying, stirring, drying, and mixing output, ensuring product quality.

[0051] When processing biochar using the biochar-based functional fertilizer carrier adsorption and drying device of this application, the following requirements can be followed:

[0052] 1. The capacity of the liquid material tank 22, the solid material tank 18, and the mixing tank 1 can be adjusted according to the factory's production capacity;

[0053] 2. Before and after processing, the liquid material tank 22, solid material tank 18, and mixing tank 1 should be cleaned. The motor, gearbox, gas pressure valve, liquid valve, solid material valve, circuit and other components should be regularly inspected and maintained for safety faults.

[0054] 3. During processing and production, the feed weight of liquid and solid materials should be calculated in advance based on the processing volume of each batch; when liquid materials need to be dissolved and diluted, the feed weight of added (or supplemented) solute and solvent should be accurately calculated; the processing should be carried out strictly according to the operating procedures to reduce the failure rate of the production equipment;

[0055] 4. If toxic solvents are used during vacuum decompression drying, the exhaust gas emitted from the vacuum decompression process must be treated in an environmentally friendly and harmless manner.

[0056] The above description provides a detailed account of one embodiment of the present invention. However, this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent variations and improvements made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should still fall within the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biochar-based functional fertilizer carrier adsorption and drying device, characterized in that, The mixing tank (1) includes a mixing chamber (1) with an inlet and an outlet. A first agitator (2) and a first spiral conveyor (3) are coaxially arranged inside the mixing chamber (1), and the first agitator (2) and the first spiral conveyor (3) are arranged vertically. The first spiral conveyor (3) is located above the outlet with a discharge valve (4). A water bath heating jacket (5) is fitted on the outside of the mixing chamber (1) to heat the mixing chamber (1). An air extraction pipe (6) is connected to the inside of the mixing chamber (1) to extract air from the inside during the mixing process. The device also includes a solid material conveying system and a liquid material conveying system. The feed inlet on the mixing tank (1) is set into two sets, namely a solid material inlet (101) and a liquid material inlet (102). The solid material conveying system is used to convey solid materials to the solid material inlet (101), and the liquid material conveying system is used to convey liquid materials to the liquid material inlet (102).

2. The biochar-based functional fertilizer carrier adsorption and drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes a support (7) for supporting the mixing tank (1), and a weighing device (8) for weighing the mixing tank (1) is provided on the support (7).

3. The biochar-based functional fertilizer carrier adsorption and drying device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the mixing tank (1) is provided with a drive source consisting of a first motor (9) and a first gearbox (10), and the drive source is connected to the first stirrer (2) in a transmission.

4. The biochar-based functional fertilizer carrier adsorption and drying device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water bath heating jacket (5) is equipped with a water level gauge (11), a temperature sensor (12) and a heating tube (13), and the top and bottom of the water bath heating jacket (5) are respectively equipped with a water inlet (14) and a drain valve (15).

5. The biochar-based functional fertilizer carrier adsorption and drying device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air extraction pipe (6) is connected to a vacuum pump (16), and the vacuum pump (16) is driven by a second motor (17).

6. The biochar-based functional fertilizer carrier adsorption and drying device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The solid material conveying system includes a solid material box (18), inside which a horizontally arranged second spiral conveyor (19) is provided, and one end of the second spiral conveyor (19) is connected to the solid material inlet (101). The second spiral conveyor (19) is driven by a third motor (20) and a second gearbox (21).

7. The biochar-based functional fertilizer carrier adsorption and drying device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The liquid material conveying system includes a liquid material tank (22), inside which a second agitator (23) is installed. The liquid material tank (22) is connected to the liquid material inlet (102) via a liquid pump (24), which is driven by a fourth motor (25).

8. The biochar-based functional fertilizer carrier adsorption and drying device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mixing tank (1) is equipped with a pressure control valve (26).

9. The biochar-based functional fertilizer carrier adsorption and drying device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The device also includes a control system (27), which is electrically connected to the first motor (9), the second motor (17), the third motor (20), the fourth motor (25), the heating tube (13), the air pressure control valve (26), the temperature sensor (12), and the weighing device (8).

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