Testing device for measuring rock hardness

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering geotechnical engineering tests, and discloses a test device for measuring rock hardness, which comprises a base, a lifting mechanism, a test piece clamp and a fixed bin are arranged at the top of the base, the lifting mechanism is mounted on one side of the top of the base, the test piece clamp is mounted on the other side of the top of the base, and the fixed bin is mounted on the lifting mechanism. According to the utility model, in the operation process, the elastic striking rod can be pressed downwards slowly at a constant speed, and at the moment that the elastic striking rod of the rebound apparatus rebounds, the stable fixed bin prevents the rebound apparatus from generating strenuous vibration due to rebound impact force; by arranging the test piece clamp, the two sides of the rock test piece are fixed, and the situation that the rock test piece vibrates when being impacted by the elastic striking rod, and consequently the accuracy of a test detection result is affected can be prevented through the arrangement of the suction cups.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of geotechnical engineering testing for water conservancy and hydropower projects, specifically a testing device for measuring rock hardness. Background Technology

[0002] Rock hardness testing is one of the important testing items for engineering rock masses. The "Code for Rock Testing in Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering" (SL / T264-2020) stipulates that the Schmidt rebound method can be used for rock hardness testing. Its working principle is that the impact rod of the rebound hammer impacts the rock surface. Part of the impact energy is converted into work that deforms the rock, and the other part is converted into the rebound distance of the rebound hammer, i.e., the rebound value. Different rock surface hardnesses result in different rebound values; a higher rebound value indicates a harder rock surface.

[0003] Currently, the Schmidt rebound hammer device used for rock hardness testing is relatively simple and lacks a fixing structure for securing the specimen. Due to the lack of a fixing structure, the rock is prone to slippage under the pressure applied by the rebound hammer's impact rod, which affects the testing operation. Furthermore, the specimen is prone to vibration at the moment of impact, resulting in loss of rebound energy and a large test error. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model provides a test device for measuring rock hardness to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a test device for measuring rock hardness, comprising a base, a lifting mechanism, a specimen clamp, and a fixing chamber on the top of the base, the lifting mechanism being installed on one side of the top of the base, the specimen clamp being installed on the other side of the top of the base, the fixing chamber being installed on the lifting mechanism and located directly above the specimen clamp, a rebound hammer being fitably placed inside the fixing chamber, the top of the rebound hammer being closed by a screw cap, the bottom of the rebound hammer having an opening, and the impact rod of the rebound hammer extending from the opening.

[0006] Furthermore, the specimen fixture includes a workbench, two protective plates, two clamping assemblies symmetrically arranged above the workbench, and a cleaning assembly for cleaning specimen fragments. The workbench is fixedly mounted on the base and located directly below the rebound hammer. The two protective plates are respectively fixed on the top two sides of the workbench. The two clamping assemblies are respectively mounted on the two protective plates and are arranged opposite to each other. The cleaning assembly is mounted on the opposite side wall of the two protective plates.

[0007] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes a clamping plate, a screw, two abutting members for fixing the test piece, and two telescopic members for driving the two abutting members to unfold. The screw passes through the middle of the protective plate and is threadedly connected to the protective plate. The clamping plate is rotatably mounted on the end of the screw via a bearing. The two telescopic members are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the screw, and their ends are fixedly connected to the protective plate and the clamping plate, respectively. The two abutting members are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the contact element includes a movable plate, a side plate, an airbag, and multiple suction cups. The side plate is fixedly connected to one side of the clamping plate. One end of the movable plate is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the clamping plate near the side plate. The airbag is fixedly connected between the side plate and the movable plate. All the suction cups are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the movable plate away from the side plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the telescopic component includes a fixed cylinder, a movable cylinder, and a corrugated tube. The fixed cylinder is fixed to one side of the protective plate, the movable cylinder is slidably connected inside the fixed cylinder, and the end of the movable cylinder away from the fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the clamping plate. The corrugated tube is disposed inside the movable cylinder, one end of the corrugated tube is fixedly connected to the protective plate, and the other end of the corrugated tube is fixedly connected to the clamping plate. An air pump is installed on the outside of the protective plate, and the air pump output pipe extends through the protective plate and into the corrugated tube. An air storage chamber is formed inside the clamping plate, and a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe are respectively provided through the inner walls of the clamping plate. The first connecting pipe connects the corrugated tube and the air storage chamber, and the second connecting pipe connects the air storage chamber and the airbag.

[0010] Furthermore, all of the suction cups are suction cups made of rubber or silicone material.

[0011] Furthermore, the cleaning assembly includes a pad, four mounting supports, and four positioning elements for fixing the pad. The pad is placed on the workbench, and the four mounting supports are fixed in pairs on opposite sides of the two protective plates. The four positioning elements are threadedly connected to the four mounting supports, and each positioning element includes a bolt and an abutment plate. The mounting supports have internal threaded holes, and the bolts are threaded into the internal threaded holes. The abutment plates are detachably connected to the bottom of the bolts, and the bottom of the abutment plates faces the pad.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. This utility model uses a specimen clamp to fix the rock specimen on both sides before testing. The suction cups prevent the rock specimen from vibrating when impacted by the impact rod, thus affecting the accuracy of the test results. In addition, multiple suction cups made of rubber or silicone can provide support to multiple surfaces of the outer wall of the rock specimen, thereby effectively fixing the rock specimen and improving the fixing effect.

[0014] 2. This utility model, through the setting of the cleaning component, can place the pad on the workbench and fix the pad on the workbench. After the rock specimen test is completed, the pad can be removed and the pad can be moved out horizontally. The dust or test block on its surface can be poured off to facilitate quick cleaning and avoid test blocks or dust remaining on the workbench from affecting the test results of subsequent rock specimens. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a test device for measuring rock hardness according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rock hardness measuring specimen clamp according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a top-section schematic diagram of the specimen clamp of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This utility model Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure at point A;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the specimen clamp of this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Lifting mechanism; 3. Specimen clamp; 4. Fixed chamber; 5. Rebound hammer; 6. Workbench; 7. Protective plate; 8. Clamp assembly; 9. Cleaning assembly;

[0021] 61. Clamping plate; 62. Screw; 63. Abutting component; 64. Telescopic component; 65. Movable plate; 66. Side plate; 67. Airbag; 68. Suction cup; 69. Air pump; 71. Fixed cylinder; 72. Movable cylinder; 73. Corrugated pipe; 74. First connecting pipe; 75. Second connecting pipe; 76. Air storage chamber; 91. Pad; 92. Mounting support; 93. Positioning component; 94. Bolt; 95. Abutting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 5 This invention provides a testing device for measuring rock hardness, comprising a base 1, a lifting mechanism 2, a specimen clamp 3, and a fixed chamber 4, all mounted on the top of the base 1. The lifting mechanism 2 is installed on one side of the top of the base 1, the specimen clamp 3 is installed on the other side of the top of the base 1, and the fixed chamber 4 is mounted on the lifting mechanism 2, directly above the specimen clamp 3. A rebound hammer 5 can be fitted inside the fixed chamber 4. The top of the rebound hammer 5 is sealed by a screw cap, and an opening is provided at the bottom of the rebound hammer 5, through which the striking rod of the rebound hammer 5 extends. The rebound hammer 5 is inside the fixed chamber 4 and slides vertically with the lifting mechanism 2, with the striking rod of the rebound hammer 5 perpendicular to the predetermined test surface.

[0024] The specimen clamp 3 includes a workbench 6, two protective plates 7, two clamp assemblies 8 symmetrically arranged above the workbench 6, and a cleaning assembly 9 for cleaning specimen fragments. The workbench 6 is fixedly mounted on the base 1 and located directly below the rebound hammer 5. The two protective plates 7 are respectively fixed on the top two sides of the workbench 6. The two clamp assemblies 8 are respectively mounted on the two protective plates 7 and are arranged opposite to each other. The cleaning assembly 9 is mounted on the opposite side wall of the two protective plates 7.

[0025] In use, the rock specimen is first placed on the workbench 6, and then clamped and fixed by two clamping assemblies 8. Furthermore, the lifting mechanism 2 is also equipped with a manual crank and a locking mechanism, and the fixed chamber 4 is equipped with numerical locking buttons and reading windows on both sides (the above structures are all prior art and will not be described in detail here).

[0026] By loosening the lock mechanism and slowly rotating the manual crank, the impact rod of the rebound hammer 5 is brought against the surface of the rock specimen. Continue rotating the manual crank slowly, allowing the impact rod of the rebound hammer 5 to lightly press against the surface of the rock specimen. Release the numerical locking button of the rebound hammer 5, and simultaneously determine if the contact point is the preset test point. Then, rotate the manual crank in the opposite direction, causing the rebound hammer 5 to slowly rise, with the impact rod extending accordingly. Next, adjust the lock mechanism so that the manual crank can rotate at a uniform and slow speed. Rotate the manual crank to slowly move the rebound hammer 5 downwards. When the impact rod of the rebound hammer 5 just contacts the upper surface of the rock specimen, continue rotating the manual crank slowly and uniformly, compressing the impact rod of the rebound hammer 5. After the rebound hammer 5 emits an impact sound, stop rotating the manual crank and simultaneously lock the lock mechanism to fix the rebound hammer 5. Read the value from the reading window of the rebound hammer 5 to complete the hardness test of the rock specimen. The lock mechanism can be any existing device or equipment capable of locking the movement state of the screw rod.

[0027] In operation, the rebound hammer 5's impact rod descends slowly and uniformly. When the impact rod contacts the upper surface of the rock specimen, the stable fixing chamber 4 effectively prevents the rebound hammer 5 from vibrating violently due to the rebound force. The specimen clamp 3 firmly secures the rock specimen, ensuring its stability under strong impact and preventing loss of rebound energy due to vibration. The lifting platform and fixing chamber 4 ensure that the impact rod of the rebound hammer 5 remains perpendicular to the specimen's testing surface. This minimizes error loss during the transmission and conversion of impact energy, improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0028] Since rock specimens come in various shapes, including not only square but also irregular shapes, ordinary specimen clamps 3 have a small contact area when clamping and fixing them, resulting in poor fixing effect. They are also prone to vibration under the impact of the impact rod, which affects the accuracy of the test results. Therefore, by clamping and fixing the rock specimens with two clamp components 8, the fixing effect of the rock specimens is improved.

[0029] The clamp assembly 8 includes a clamping plate 61, a screw 62, two abutting members 63 for fixing the test specimen, and two telescopic members 64 for driving the two abutting members 63 to unfold. The screw 62 passes through the middle of the protective plate 7 and is threadedly connected to the protective plate 7. The clamping plate 61 is rotatably mounted at the end of the screw 62 via a bearing. The two telescopic members 64 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the screw 62, and the two ends of the two telescopic members 64 are fixedly connected to the protective plate 7 and the clamping plate 61, respectively. The two abutting members 63 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping plate 61.

[0030] The contact element 63 includes a movable plate 65, a side plate 66, an airbag 67, and multiple suction cups 68. The side plate 66 is fixedly connected to one side of the clamping plate 61. One end of the movable plate 65 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the clamping plate 61 near the side plate 66. The airbag 67 is fixedly connected between the side plate 66 and the movable plate 65. All suction cups 68 are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the movable plate 65 away from the side plate 66.

[0031] It is worth noting that the movable plate 65 in this embodiment can be hinged to the clamping plate 61 or any structure that can realize the rotatable connection between the movable plate 65 and the clamping plate 61. This is the prior art, so it is not specifically shown in the text, and this connection structure will not be described in detail here.

[0032] The telescopic component 64 includes a fixed cylinder 71, a movable cylinder 72, and a corrugated pipe 73. The fixed cylinder 71 is fixed to one side of the protective plate 7. The movable cylinder 72 is slidably connected inside the fixed cylinder 71, and the end of the movable cylinder 72 away from the fixed cylinder 71 is fixedly connected to the clamping plate 61. The corrugated pipe 73 is disposed inside the movable cylinder 72. One end of the corrugated pipe 73 is fixedly connected to the protective plate 7, and the other end of the corrugated pipe 73 is fixedly connected to the clamping plate 61. An air pump 69 is installed on the outside of the protective plate 7. The output pipe of the air pump 69 passes through the protective plate 7 and extends into the corrugated pipe 73. An air storage chamber 76 is opened inside the clamping plate 61. A first connecting pipe 74 and a second connecting pipe 75 are respectively provided through the inner wall of the clamping plate 61. The first connecting pipe 74 connects the corrugated pipe 73 and the air storage chamber 76, and the second connecting pipe 75 connects the air storage chamber 76 and the airbag 67.

[0033] In use, the rock specimen is placed on the workbench 6. Then, by rotating the screw 62, the two clamping plates 61 move in opposite directions until they abut against both ends of the rock specimen, thus fixing it in place. As the clamping plates 61 move, the movable cylinder 72 fixed on their outer side moves synchronously and extends out from inside the fixed cylinder 71, thereby increasing the distance between the fixed cylinder 71 and the movable cylinder 72. At this time, the bellows 73 is stretched and expanded. Then, the air pump 69 draws external air through the bellows 73 and the first connecting pipe. Gas 74 is delivered to the gas storage chamber 76. The gas inside the gas storage chamber 76 is then delivered to the airbag 67 via the second connecting pipe 75. When the airbag 67 is full, it gradually expands and pushes the movable plate 65 to rotate. This rotation continues until all the suction cups 68 on the outer wall of the movable plate 65 contact the outer wall of the rock specimen, further securing both sides of the rock specimen. The suction cups 68 prevent vibration of the rock specimen when impacted by the impact rod, avoiding any impact on the accuracy of the test results.

[0034] All suction cups 68 are made of rubber or silicone. Multiple suction cups 68 can provide support to multiple surfaces of the rock specimen's outer wall, effectively fixing the rock specimen and improving its fixation. They are also suitable for rock specimens of different shapes. Furthermore, because the rubber or silicone suction cups 68 can deform to a certain extent, when they press against the outer wall of the rock specimen, they not only effectively contact the surface of the rock specimen but also adhere to it. This prevents the rock specimen from sliding and affecting the test results, and also prevents the movable plate 65 from applying excessive support force to the rock specimen, which could damage it.

[0035] The suction cup 68 is designed to better fix the specimen in the clamping assembly 8 and to better fit the outer wall of the specimen when clamping it. It also provides better fixation for specimens that are not of standard shape and size.

[0036] It is worth noting that the two telescopic members 64 are set to limit the movement position of the clamping plate 61. In this utility model, only one telescopic member 64 is used for gas transmission. Therefore, the bellows 73 and the first connecting pipe 74 do not need to be set in the other telescopic member 64 to save costs.

[0037] By setting the screw 62, the distance between the two clamping plates 61 can be adjusted adaptively, thereby adjusting the placement space of the rock specimen and realizing the clamping of rock specimens of various sizes.

[0038] The cleaning component 9 includes a pad 91, four mounting supports 92, and four positioning elements 93 for fixing the pad 91. The pad 91 is placed on the workbench 6. The four mounting supports 92 are fixed in pairs on opposite sides of the two protective plates 7. The four positioning elements 93 are threadedly connected to the four mounting supports 92. The positioning element 93 includes a bolt 94 and an abutment plate 95. The mounting supports 92 have internal threaded holes. The bolt 94 is threaded into the internal threaded holes. The abutment plate 95 is detachably connected to the bottom of the bolt 94, and the bottom of the abutment plate 95 faces the pad 91.

[0039] To avoid the difficulty in cleaning up dust or rock fragments adhering to the rock specimens after they fall onto the workbench 6 during hardness testing, a pad 91 is placed on the workbench 6 before the rock specimen is tested. Then, by adjusting the bolts 94 on the four mounting supports 92, the contact plate 95 is moved onto the pad 91, and the pad 91 is fixed to the workbench 6. After the rock specimen test is completed, the pad 91 is removed and moved horizontally to remove it. The dust or test pieces on its surface are then poured off for quick cleaning to prevent test pieces or dust from remaining on the workbench 6 and affecting the test results of subsequent rock specimens.

[0040] It is worth noting that the pad 91 in this embodiment needs to have a certain thickness to avoid the impact energy being dispersed when an impact occurs due to insufficient thickness of the pad 91, which would affect the test results.

[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for measuring rock hardness, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a lifting mechanism (2), a specimen clamp (3) and a fixed chamber (4) on the top. The lifting mechanism (2) is installed on one side of the top of the base (1), the specimen clamp (3) is installed on the other side of the top of the base (1), and the fixed chamber (4) is installed on the lifting mechanism (2) and is located directly above the specimen clamp (3). The rebound hammer (5) can be placed in the fixed chamber (4). The top of the rebound hammer (5) is closed by a screw cap, and the bottom of the rebound hammer (5) has an opening. The striking rod of the rebound hammer (5) extends out from the opening.

2. The test apparatus for measuring rock hardness according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specimen fixture (3) includes a workbench (6), two protective plates (7), two fixture assemblies (8) symmetrically arranged above the workbench (6), and a cleaning assembly (9) for cleaning specimen fragments. The workbench (6) is fixedly arranged on the base (1) and located directly below the rebound hammer (5). The two protective plates (7) are respectively fixed on the top two sides of the workbench (6). The two fixture assemblies (8) are respectively installed on the two protective plates (7) and are arranged opposite to each other. The cleaning assembly (9) is installed on the opposite side wall of the two protective plates (7).

3. The test apparatus for measuring rock hardness according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clamp assembly (8) includes a clamping plate (61), a screw (62), two abutting members (63) for abutting and fixing the test piece, and two telescopic members (64) for driving the two abutting members (63) to unfold. The screw (62) passes through the middle of the protective plate (7) and is threadedly connected to the protective plate (7). The clamping plate (61) is rotatably mounted at the end of the screw (62) via a bearing. The two telescopic members (64) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the screw (62), and the two ends of the two telescopic members (64) are fixedly connected to the protective plate (7) and the clamping plate (61) respectively. The two abutting members (63) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping plate (61).

4. The test apparatus for measuring rock hardness according to claim 3, characterized in that, The contact element (63) includes a movable plate (65), a side plate (66), an airbag (67), and a plurality of suction cups (68). The side plate (66) is fixedly connected to one side of the clamping plate (61). One end of the movable plate (65) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the clamping plate (61) near the side plate (66). The airbag (67) is fixedly connected between the side plate (66) and the movable plate (65). All the suction cups (68) are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the movable plate (65) away from the side plate (66).

5. The test apparatus for measuring rock hardness according to claim 3, characterized in that, The telescopic component (64) includes a fixed cylinder (71), a movable cylinder (72), and a bellows (73). The fixed cylinder (71) is fixed to one side of the protective plate (7). The movable cylinder (72) is slidably connected inside the fixed cylinder (71), and the end of the movable cylinder (72) away from the fixed cylinder (71) is fixedly connected to the clamping plate (61). The bellows (73) is disposed inside the movable cylinder (72). One end of the bellows (73) is fixedly connected to the protective plate (7), and the other end of the bellows (73) is fixedly connected to the clamping plate (61). 1) Fixed connection, an air pump (69) is installed on the outside of the protective plate (7), the output pipe of the air pump (69) extends through the protective plate (7) and into the corrugated pipe (73), an air storage cavity (76) is opened inside the clamping plate (61), a first connecting pipe (74) and a second connecting pipe (75) are respectively provided through the inner wall of the clamping plate (61), the first connecting pipe (74) connects the corrugated pipe (73) and the air storage cavity (76), and the second connecting pipe (75) connects the air storage cavity (76) and the air bag (67).

6. The test apparatus for measuring rock hardness according to claim 4, characterized in that, All of the suction cups (68) are suction cups made of rubber or silicone material.

7. The test apparatus for measuring rock hardness according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly (9) includes a pad (91), four mounting supports (92), and four positioning elements (93) for fixing the pad (91). The pad (91) is placed on the workbench (6). The four mounting supports (92) are fixed in pairs on opposite sides of the two protective plates (7). The four positioning elements (93) are threaded onto the four mounting supports (92). The positioning element (93) includes a bolt (94) and an abutment plate (95). The mounting supports (92) have internal threaded holes. The bolts (94) are threaded into the internal threaded holes. The abutment plate (95) is detachably connected to the bottom of the bolts (94), and the bottom of the abutment plate (95) faces the pad (91).

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