Battery pack and electric equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a battery pack and electric equipment, the battery pack comprises a shell structure, a distribution box and an insulated first cooling medium, the shell structure is provided with an accommodating cavity, and the accommodating cavity comprises a first chamber; the distribution box is arranged in the first cavity, the first cavity is filled with the first cooling medium, and at least part of the distribution box is immersed in the first cooling medium. The first cooling medium is in direct contact with the distribution box, so that the distribution box can be directly cooled, heat can be more efficiently conducted to the shell structure, and the thermal stability and the thermal reliability of the battery pack under charging working conditions such as fast charging and overcharging and under high-power discharging working conditions such as rapid acceleration and rapid deceleration are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to batteries, and more particularly to a battery pack and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of economy and technology, battery packs are being used more and more widely. A battery pack is a power source that provides power to electrical equipment. It includes a housing, battery modules, and a distribution box housed within the housing. The distribution box has functions for current and voltage acquisition and distribution, as well as real-time data exchange between the battery pack and the vehicle. The distribution box generates heat during operation, causing the temperature inside the housing to rise. However, the heat dissipation effect of the distribution box is poor, resulting in poor thermal stability and reliability of the battery pack. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a battery pack and electrical equipment to improve the heat dissipation effect of the distribution box, as well as the thermal stability and thermal reliability of the battery pack.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery pack, comprising:

[0005] A shell structure having a receiving cavity, the receiving cavity including a first chamber;

[0006] The distribution box is located in the first cavity;

[0007] An insulating first cooling medium fills the first cavity and submerges at least a portion of the distribution box.

[0008] In some possible implementations, the housing structure includes: a base plate, a cover, and a first partition;

[0009] The cover is fastened to the base plate and together with the base plate forms the receiving cavity;

[0010] The first partition is disposed in the receiving cavity, dividing the receiving cavity into a first chamber and a second chamber, and at least the bottom plate forming the first chamber, the first partition and the cover are sealed to each other.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the cover includes: a top cover, and an annular plate disposed between the top cover and the bottom plate;

[0012] The first partition is disposed inside the annular plate, and both ends of the first partition are fixedly connected to the annular plate.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the battery pack further includes a first seal;

[0014] The first seal is disposed between the first partition and the top cover, and extends between the annular plate and the top cover.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the top and side surfaces of the first partition are provided with a first groove, the first groove also extends to the top surface of the annular plate, the first groove surrounds the first chamber and accommodates the first seal;

[0016] And / or, the top cover has a second groove on its surface facing the first partition and the annular plate, the second groove surrounding the first chamber and accommodating the first seal.

[0017] In some possible implementations, the battery pack further includes a second seal;

[0018] The second seal is disposed between the first partition and the bottom plate, and extends further between the annular plate and the bottom plate.

[0019] In some possible implementations, the bottom surface of the first partition is provided with a third groove, the third groove also extending to the bottom surface of the annular plate, the third groove surrounding the first chamber and accommodating the second seal;

[0020] And / or, the bottom plate has a fourth groove on its surface facing the first partition and the annular plate, the fourth groove surrounding the first chamber and accommodating the second seal.

[0021] In some possible implementations, the annular plate includes an end plate and a body;

[0022] The two ends of the end plate are respectively connected to the two ends of the main body, and the first partition is connected to the main body;

[0023] The end plate has a receiving groove on the side opposite to the first chamber, and the receiving groove is used to receive the connector.

[0024] In some possible implementations, the battery pack further includes a third seal disposed between the first partition and the bottom plate, extending between the body and the bottom plate, and abutting against the end plate;

[0025] The end plate is welded to the base plate.

[0026] In some possible implementations, the second chamber is sealed, and the battery pack further includes a battery module disposed within the second chamber;

[0027] The first cooling medium also fills the second cavity and immerses at least a portion of the battery module, or the battery pack further includes an insulating second cooling medium that fills the second cavity and immerses at least a portion of the battery module.

[0028] The battery pack in this embodiment includes a housing structure, a distribution box, and a first cooling medium. The housing structure has a receiving cavity, which includes a first chamber. The distribution box is disposed within the first chamber. The first cooling medium is insulated and fills the first chamber, immersing at least a portion of the distribution box. The first cooling medium is in direct contact with the distribution box, allowing for direct cooling of the distribution box and more efficient heat transfer to the housing structure. This improves the thermal stability and reliability of the battery pack under fast charging, supercharging, and high-power discharging conditions such as rapid acceleration and deceleration. Furthermore, the high viscosity of the first cooling medium provides greater damping, acting as a shock absorber and energy absorber for the distribution box, thus improving its seismic performance.

[0029] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide an electrical device including the aforementioned battery pack, which thus has at least the advantages of good thermal stability and thermal reliability, as detailed above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack structure;

[0032] Figure 2 A diagram showing the distribution of heated airflow traces inside and around the distribution box during operation;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat transfer method in the embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack structure in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover in an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0038] 10-Distribution box;

[0039] 20-Base plate;

[0040] 30-Cap;

[0041] 40 - First partition;

[0042] 50-Top cover;

[0043] 51-Cover plate;

[0044] 52-Side panel;

[0045] 53-Outer edge plate;

[0046] 60-Ring plate;

[0047] 61-End plate;

[0048] 62-Main Body;

[0049] 63-Receiving groove;

[0050] 70 - Second partition;

[0051] 80 - First seal.

[0052] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0053] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0054] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 Simulations and experiments show that under extreme conditions (such as fast charging and rapid acceleration), the temperature inside the distribution box 10 can often reach over 120°C, which is significantly higher than the temperature of the battery module. The distribution box 10 typically uses natural convection cooling, which is simple and quiet, but it is difficult to effectively conduct the heat generated by the distribution box 10 during operation to the outside, causing heat to accumulate on the heat source and nearby components.

[0055] Furthermore, this heat dissipation method primarily relies on the thermal buoyancy force generated by the thermal expansion and contraction of air for heat transfer. Its heat transfer direction can be essentially considered as conduction from a lower heat source to a lower temperature higher location (opposite to the direction of gravity). The airflow trajectory inside and around the distribution box 10 during operation is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the heat dissipation efficiency of the distribution box 10 is low, the heat dissipation effect is poor, and the thermal stability and thermal reliability of the battery pack are poor.

[0056] Therefore, this application provides a battery pack comprising a housing structure, a distribution box, and a first cooling medium. A receiving cavity is formed within the housing structure, including a first chamber. The distribution box is disposed within the first chamber, and the first cooling medium insulates and fills the first chamber, submerging at least a portion of the distribution box. The first cooling medium is in direct contact with the distribution box, allowing for direct cooling of the distribution box and more efficient heat transfer to the housing structure. This improves the thermal stability and reliability of the battery pack under fast charging, supercharging, and high-power discharge conditions such as rapid acceleration and deceleration. Furthermore, the high viscosity of the first cooling medium provides greater damping, effectively absorbing shock and energy from the distribution box, thus improving its seismic resistance.

[0057] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0058] Please refer to Figures 3 to 6 This application provides an electrical device including a battery pack to provide power. This electrical device includes electric vehicles, electric trains, electric bicycles, golf carts, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, electric toys, power tools, and ships. Electric vehicles include pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, and range-extended electric vehicles.

[0059] The battery pack includes a housing structure, a distribution box 10, and a first cooling medium. The housing structure has a receiving cavity, which includes a first chamber. The distribution box 10 is housed within the first chamber and filled with the first cooling medium. The first cooling medium is insulating and will not conduct electricity with the distribution box 10, ensuring its normal operation. The first cooling medium is also high-voltage resistant, meaning it remains insulating even under high voltage conditions, allowing for a relatively high allowable voltage. The first chamber is sealed, ensuring that the cooling medium will not leak out.

[0060] At least a portion of the distribution box 10 is immersed in the first cooling medium, meaning the distribution box 10 is partially or completely immersed in the first cooling medium, for example, the liquid level of the first cooling medium is higher than the top surface of the distribution box 10. In this way, the first cooling medium is in direct contact with the distribution box 10, allowing for direct cooling of the distribution box 10. The first cooling medium includes mineral oil, which, compared to thermally conductive adhesives, thermally conductive pads, gases, etc., has a higher specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, enabling more efficient heat transfer to the casing structure and improving the thermal stability and reliability of the battery pack under fast charging, supercharging, and high-power discharge conditions such as rapid acceleration and deceleration.

[0061] For details, please refer to Figure 3 Heat is transferred in three ways: convection, radiation, and conduction. In this diagram, A represents a high-temperature heat source, B represents a component in direct contact with the heat source, C represents a component positioned above the heat source, D represents a component away from the heat source, and Z represents the direction of gravity. The heat conduction formula in heat transfer is:

[0062] Q t =-λ·A·gradt;

[0063] Among them, Q t λ is the heat flux, measured in W; λ is the thermal conductivity, measured in W / (m·℃); A is the thermally conductive area, measured in m²; gradt is the temperature gradient, measured in ℃ / m.

[0064] The formula for convective heat transfer is:

[0065] Q c =ℎ c ·A·∆t;

[0066] Among them, Q c This refers to convective heat dissipation, measured in W; c The convective heat transfer coefficient is expressed in W / m³. 2 •℃; A is the effective heat exchange area, in m²; ∆t is the temperature difference between the heat exchange surface and the fluid, in℃.

[0067] The formula for heat transfer by thermal radiation is:

[0068] Q R =A·θ 12 ·ε·σ0(T1 4 −T2 4 );

[0069] Among them, Q R θ represents the radiative heat transfer, measured in W; A represents the surface area of ​​the object for radiative heat transfer, measured in m²; θ 12ε is the angular coefficient between the two objects; ε is the emissivity; σ0 is the Stefan Boltzmann constant, σ0 = 5.67 × 10⁻⁸ W / (m²). 2 ·K 4 T1 and T2 are the surface temperatures of the two objects, respectively, and their units are K.

[0070] The convective heat transfer coefficient in natural convection (i.e., ℎ) c Typically 3W / m 2 ·℃~15W / m 2 ·℃, the convective heat transfer coefficient (i.e., ℎ) in the embodiments of this application c It can reach 10W / m 2 ·℃~100W / m 2 •℃. Under consistent external conditions, the heat transfer efficiency in this embodiment can be significantly improved, and the rapid heat dissipation of the distribution box 10 can extend the battery pack's lifespan.

[0071] Furthermore, at least a portion of the distribution box 10 is directly immersed in the first cooling medium, and the modal analysis of the distribution box 10 is transformed into wet modal analysis, resulting in a change in its structural resonant frequency. Moreover, the first cooling medium has a higher viscosity, providing greater damping and acting as a shock absorber for the distribution box 10, thereby improving its seismic performance.

[0072] See Figures 4 to 6 The casing structure is made of aluminum alloy or steel to improve the pressure resistance of the battery pack and protect the internal distribution box 10, etc. The casing structure includes a base plate 20, a cover 30, and a first partition 40. The base plate 20 can be a flat plate, an integral structure, for example, mounted on the chassis of an electric vehicle. The cover 30 is fastened to the base plate 20 and together with the base plate 20 forms a receiving cavity to accommodate and protect other structures, such as the battery module and the distribution box 10. The first partition 40 is disposed within the receiving cavity, dividing the receiving cavity into a first chamber and a second chamber. At least the base plate 20, the first partition 40, and the cover 30 forming the first chamber are sealed together to ensure the first chamber is closed, thus achieving a seal.

[0073] The first partition 40, along with a base plate 20 and a cover 30 located on one side of the first partition 40, forms a first chamber that houses the distribution box and is sealed. The first partition 40, along with a base plate 20 and a cover 30 located on the other side of the first partition 40, forms a second chamber that houses the battery module. The second chamber may be sealed or not.

[0074] In some possible examples, the first chamber is sealed, the second chamber is open to the outside, or the first and second chambers are not connected. The distribution box 10 dissipates heat through a first cooling medium, while the battery module dissipates heat through natural convection.

[0075] In other possible examples, the first chamber is sealed, and the second chamber is closed, with no communication between them. The battery pack also includes an insulating second cooling medium that fills the second chamber and submerges at least a portion of the battery modules. The distribution box 10 dissipates heat through the first cooling medium, while the battery modules dissipate heat through the second cooling medium. Utilizing the second cooling medium to directly cool the battery modules improves their heat dissipation efficiency, thereby enhancing the thermal stability and reliability of the battery pack. Simultaneously, the second cooling medium absorbs shock and energy from the battery modules, improving their vibration resistance. The second cooling medium may include mineral oil and may be the same as or different from the first cooling medium.

[0076] In other possible examples, the first and second chambers can also be connected, and the entire housing is sealed, i.e., the base plate 20 and the cover 30 are sealed together, for example, by brazing. In this way, the first cooling medium fills the second chamber and immerses at least a portion of the battery module; that is, both the first and second chambers are filled with the first cooling medium, and both the distribution box 10 and the battery module dissipate heat through the first cooling medium. The first cooling medium simultaneously and directly cools the battery module, improving its heat dissipation efficiency, thereby improving the thermal stability and reliability of the battery pack. Furthermore, the first cooling medium absorbs shock and energy from the battery module, improving its vibration resistance.

[0077] The battery module mentioned above can be one or more, each battery module is disposed in the second chamber, for example, using a CTP (Cell to Pack) or CTB (Cell to Body) integration method to integrate them in the second chamber to improve the energy density of the battery pack. The battery module is also electrically connected to the distribution box 10, through which the high-voltage power of the battery module is distributed and managed. The battery module includes multiple cells, for example, blade cells. In this embodiment, the type of cell is not limited; for example, the cell can also be a cylindrical cell.

[0078] In some possible implementations, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the housing structure also includes at least one second partition 70. These second partitions 70 and the first partition 40 are arranged sequentially, for example, spaced apart along the length of the housing structure, and each second partition 70 is located on the same side of the first partition 40. For example, the housing structure includes at least two second partitions 70, one of which is located on the side of the second chamber away from the first partition 40, and the remaining second partitions 70 divide the second chamber into at least two sub-chambers to accommodate and fix each battery module respectively.

[0079] Continue reading Figure 4 and Figure 5 The cover 30 includes a top cover 50 and an annular plate 60, which is disposed between the top cover 50 and the bottom plate 20. The annular plate 60 can be a flat plate. The top cover 50 and the annular plate 60 can be connected by fasteners, such as multiple screws arranged circumferentially on the top cover 50 and the annular plate 60. A first partition 40 is disposed inside the annular plate 60, and both ends of the first partition 40 are fixedly connected to the annular plate 60. The first partition 40, the top cover 50, and the annular plate 60 form an envelope structure, which provides good compatibility with connectors and battery modules. Figure 4 As shown, the left and right ends of the first partition 40 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the annular plate 60. The second partition 70 is also disposed inside the annular plate 60, and both ends of each second partition 70 are fixedly connected to the annular plate 60.

[0080] In some possible examples, the annular plate 60 includes an end plate 61 and a body 62, the body 62 of which may be U-shaped. A first partition 40 is connected to the body 62, for example, the first partition 40 and the body 62 are an integral structure, or the first partition 40 and the body 62 are brazed together. Figure 4 As shown, a first partition 40 is disposed within the main body 62, adjacent to the opening of the U-shape, and the first partition 40 is higher than the main body 62. A second partition 70 is disposed within the main body 62, located at the bottom end of the U-shape, and the second partition 70 is higher than the main body 62, for example, at the same height as the first partition 40. Other second partitions 70 (if any) are disposed within the main body 62, located between the opening and the bottom end of the U-shape, and are spaced apart.

[0081] The two ends of the end plate 61 are respectively connected to the two ends of the main body 62 to form a ring. The two ends of the end plate 61 can be bent to define the first chamber. The connection between the end plate 61 and the main body 62 is smooth, that is, the top surface of the end of the end plate 61 is flush with the top surface of the corresponding end of the main body 62, and the bottom surface of the end of the end plate 61 is flush with the bottom surface of the corresponding end of the main body 62. Here, the top surface refers to the surface adjacent to the top cover 50, and the bottom surface refers to the surface adjacent to the bottom plate 20.

[0082] The thickness of the middle section of end plate 61 is greater than the thickness of its ends. For example, along the direction from one end of end plate 61 to the other, the thickness of end plate 61 gradually increases and then gradually decreases. This results in the maximum thickness in the middle section of end plate 61, allowing for the placement of other components. For instance, a receiving groove 63 is provided on the side of end plate 61 facing away from the first chamber. The receiving groove 63 is used to accommodate a connector, which is electrically connected to the distribution box 10. The connector and other components are positioned along the width of the housing structure and do not interfere with the battery module, reducing the risk of damage to the connector and other components during thermal runaway of the battery module.

[0083] Continue reading Figures 4 to 6The top cover 50 is cap-shaped and includes a cover plate 51, side plates 52, and an outer edge plate 53. The cover plate 51, side plates 52, and outer edge plate 53 can be an integral structure. The cover plate 51 can be flat, and the side plates 52 are located at the edges of the cover plate 51, for example, the side plates 52 may surround the cover plate 51 completely. The outer edge plate 53 is located at the end of the side plates 52 furthest from the cover plate 51 and surrounds the cover plate 51 circumferentially. The outer edge plate 53 is ring-shaped and fits into the annular plate 60 for connection. In some examples, the side plates 52 do not surround the cover plate 51 completely; that is, a portion of the edge of the cover plate 51 does not have side plates 52, and this portion of the edge can directly contact the outer edge plate 53, which here adapts to the end plate 61 of the annular plate 60.

[0084] To achieve a seal in the first chamber, such as Figures 4 to 6 As shown, in some possible embodiments, the battery pack further includes a first seal 80, which is disposed between the first partition 40 and the top cover 50 and extends between the annular plate 60 and the top cover 50. The first seal 80 can be a sealing strip or a sealing ring. The first seal 80 surrounds the first chamber and seals the top cover 50 and adjacent structures thereto, ensuring the airtightness of the upper end of the first chamber.

[0085] In the example where the annular plate 60 includes an end plate 61 and a body 62, the first seal 80 is specifically disposed on the top and side surfaces of the first partition 40, and on the top surfaces of the body 62 and the end plate 61. Thus, the first seal 80 seals the gaps between the first partition 40 and the cover plate 51, between the first partition 40 and the side plate 52, between the body 62 and the outer edge plate 53, and between the end plate 61 and the outer edge plate 53.

[0086] Specifically, the top and side surfaces of the first partition 40 are provided with first grooves, which also extend to the top surface of the annular plate 60. The first grooves surround the first chamber and accommodate the first sealing element 80. And / or, the surface of the top cover 50 facing the first partition 40 and the annular plate 60 is provided with a second groove, which surrounds the first chamber and accommodates the first sealing element 80. Using the first grooves and / or the second grooves, the first sealing element 80 can be positioned and space can be provided for deformation of the first sealing element 80 to achieve a seal.

[0087] The first groove is provided on the first partition plate 40 and the annular plate 60, and the first groove can be an integral structure. The second groove is provided on the top cover 50, specifically on the top surface of the cover plate 51, the inner surface of the side plate 52, and the bottom surface of the outer edge plate 53, and the second groove can also be an integral structure. The first groove and / or the second groove form a sealing groove to accommodate the first sealing element 80, so as to achieve a seal at the connection between the top cover 50, the annular plate 60, and the first partition plate 40.

[0088] For example, the first partition 40 and the annular plate 60 may each be provided with a first groove. For another example, the top cover 50 may each be provided with a second groove. For yet another example, the first partition 40 and the annular plate 60 may each be provided with a first groove, and the top cover 50 may each be provided with a second groove.

[0089] In the example where the first partition plate 40 and the annular plate 60 have a first groove, and the top cover 50 has a second groove, the first and second grooves can be opposite to each other and connected to form a sealing groove for accommodating the first sealing element 80. The first and second grooves can also be staggered, with each groove containing at least one first sealing element 80, meaning there are at least two first sealing elements 80. This creates a multiple seal, improving the sealing performance of the first chamber.

[0090] To achieve a first chamber seal, in some other possible embodiments, the battery pack further includes a second seal disposed between the first separator 40 and the base plate 20, and extending between the annular plate 60 and the base plate 20. The second seal can be a sealing strip or a sealing ring, and surrounds the first chamber to seal the base plate 20 and adjacent structures thereto, ensuring the sealing of the lower end of the first chamber.

[0091] In the example where the annular plate 60 includes an end plate 61 and a body 62, the second seal is specifically disposed on the bottom surface of the first partition 40, and on the bottom surfaces of the body 62 and the end plate 61. Thus, the second seal seals the gaps between the first partition 40 and the bottom plate 20, between the body 62 and the bottom plate 20, and between the end plate 61 and the bottom plate 20.

[0092] In some possible examples, the bottom surface of the first partition 40 is provided with a third groove, which extends to the bottom surface of the annular plate 60, surrounds the first chamber, and accommodates the second seal; and / or, the surface of the bottom plate 20 facing the first partition 40 and the annular plate 60 is provided with a fourth groove, which surrounds the first chamber and accommodates the second seal. The third and / or fourth grooves can be used to position the second seal and provide space for deformation of the second seal, thus achieving a seal.

[0093] The third groove is disposed on the bottom surface of the annular plate 60 and the first partition plate 40, and the third groove can be an integral structure. The fourth groove is disposed on the top surface of the base plate 20, and the fourth groove can be an integral structure. The third groove and / or the fourth groove form a sealing groove to accommodate the second sealing element, so as to achieve a seal at the connection between the base plate 20, the annular plate 60 and the first partition plate 40. For example, the first partition plate 40 and the annular plate 60 can be provided with the third groove separately; for another example, the base plate 20 can be provided with the fourth groove separately; for yet another example, the first partition plate 40 and the annular plate 60 are provided with the third groove, and the base plate 20 is provided with the fourth groove.

[0094] In the example where the first partition plate 40 and the annular plate 60 have a third groove, and the bottom plate 20 has a fourth groove, the third and fourth grooves can be opposite to each other and connected to form a sealing groove for accommodating the second seal. The third and fourth grooves can also be staggered, with each groove containing a second seal, meaning there are at least two second seals. This creates a multiple seal, improving the sealing performance of the first chamber.

[0095] To achieve a sealed first chamber, in some other possible embodiments, the battery pack further includes a third seal. The third seal is disposed between the first partition 40 and the base plate 20, and extends between the main body 62 and the base plate 20, abutting against an end plate 61, which is welded to the base plate 20. The third seal can be a sealing strip or a sealing ring. The third seal surrounds the first chamber, sealing the space between the base plate 20 and the first partition 40, and between the base plate 20 and the main body 62. The end plate 61 is fiber-welded to the base plate 20, for example, so that the end plate 61 and the base plate 20 are integrated to eliminate gaps and ensure the sealing of the lower end of the first chamber.

[0096] The first partition 40 has a fifth groove on its bottom surface, which extends to the bottom surface of the main body 62. The fifth groove contains a third sealing element. Alternatively, the bottom plate 20 has a sixth groove on its surface facing the first partition 40 and the main body 62. The sixth groove contains a second sealing element. The fifth and / or sixth grooves can be used to position the third sealing element and provide space for its deformation, thus achieving a seal. The fifth and / or sixth grooves partially surround the first chamber. The fifth and sixth grooves can be provided individually or together, referring to the arrangement of the third and fourth grooves in the previous embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0097] In other possible embodiments, the annular plate 60 and the base plate 20 are welded together, and the first partition plate 40 is welded to the base plate 20. No sealing element is required at the lower end of the first chamber; the gap between the annular plate 60, the base plate 20, and the first partition plate 40 is eliminated by brazing or the like. Of course, the annular plate 60, the base plate 20, and the first partition plate 40 can also eliminate the gap between them through integral molding or other methods; this is not limited here.

[0098] The annular plate 60 and the top cover 50 are welded together, and the first partition plate 40 and the top cover 50 are also welded together. No sealing element is needed at the upper end of the first chamber; the gaps between the annular plate 60, the first partition plate 40, and the top cover 50 are eliminated by brazing or other methods. Of course, the gaps between the annular plate 60, the first partition plate 40, and the top cover 50 can also be eliminated by integral molding or other methods; this is not limited here.

[0099] The battery pack in this embodiment includes a housing structure, a distribution box 10, and a first cooling medium. The housing structure has a receiving cavity, which includes a first chamber. The distribution box 10 is disposed within the first chamber. The first cooling medium is insulated and fills the first chamber, immersing at least a portion of the distribution box 10. The first cooling medium is in direct contact with the distribution box 10, allowing for direct cooling of the distribution box 10. This enables more efficient heat transfer to the housing structure, improving the thermal stability and reliability of the battery pack under fast charging, supercharging, and high-power discharge conditions such as rapid acceleration and deceleration. Furthermore, the high viscosity of the first cooling medium provides greater damping, acting as a shock absorber and energy absorber for the distribution box 10, thus improving its shock resistance.

[0100] The embodiments or implementation methods described in this specification are presented in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. The terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with an embodiment or example that are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0101] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: A shell structure having a receiving cavity, the receiving cavity including a first chamber; A distribution box (10) is installed in the first chamber; An insulating first cooling medium fills the first cavity and submerges at least a portion of the distribution box (10).

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shell structure includes: a bottom plate (20), a cover (30), and a first partition (40); The cover (30) is fastened to the base plate (20) and together with the base plate (20) forms the receiving cavity; The first partition (40) is disposed in the receiving cavity, dividing the receiving cavity into the first chamber and the second chamber, and at least the bottom plate (20), the first partition (40) and the cover (30) forming the first chamber are sealed to each other.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cover (30) includes: a top cover (50) and an annular plate (60) disposed between the top cover (50) and the bottom plate (20); The first partition (40) is disposed inside the annular plate (60), and both ends of the first partition (40) are fixedly connected to the annular plate (60).

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes a first seal (80); The first seal (80) is disposed between the first partition (40) and the top cover (50) and extends between the annular plate (60) and the top cover (50).

5. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first partition (40) has a first groove on its top surface and side surface. The first groove extends to the top surface of the annular plate (60). The first groove surrounds the first chamber and accommodates the first sealing element (80). And / or, the top cover (50) has a second groove on the surface facing the first partition (40) and the annular plate (60), the second groove surrounding the first chamber and accommodating the first seal (80).

6. The battery pack according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes a second seal; The second seal is disposed between the first partition (40) and the bottom plate (20), and extends between the annular plate (60) and the bottom plate (20).

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the first partition (40) is provided with a third groove, which extends to the bottom surface of the annular plate (60). The third groove surrounds the first chamber and accommodates the second sealing element. And / or, the bottom plate (20) has a fourth groove on its surface facing the first partition (40) and the annular plate (60), the fourth groove surrounding the first chamber and accommodating the second seal.

8. The battery pack according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that, The annular plate (60) includes an end plate (61) and a main body (62). The two ends of the end plate (61) are respectively connected to the two ends of the main body (62), and the first partition plate (40) is connected to the main body (62); The end plate (61) is provided with a receiving groove (63) on the side opposite to the first chamber, and the receiving groove (63) is used to receive the connector.

9. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes a third seal, which is disposed between the first partition (40) and the bottom plate (20) and extends between the main body (62) and the bottom plate (20), and abuts against the end plate (61); The end plate (61) is welded to the base plate (20).

10. The battery pack according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The battery pack further includes a battery module, which is disposed within the second cavity; The first cooling medium also fills the second cavity and immerses at least a portion of the battery module, or the battery pack further includes an insulating second cooling medium that fills the second cavity and immerses at least a portion of the battery module.

11. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack as described in any one of claims 1-10.

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