Energy storage device

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides an energy storage device, and relates to the field of new energy batteries. The energy storage device comprises a first battery pack, a smoke exhaust channel and a gas transmission piece. A first pressure release valve is arranged on the first battery pack, and the first pressure release valve is used for discharging flue gas in the first battery pack when the first battery pack is in thermal runaway. The smoke exhaust channel is provided with a first butt joint port, an air inlet and a smoke exhaust port, and the first butt joint port is connected to the first battery pack in a sealed mode and surrounds a valve port of the first pressure release valve, so that smoke exhausted by the first pressure release valve is limited in the smoke exhaust channel. The air inlet and the smoke outlet are both communicated with the outside, and the air inlet is communicated between the first butt joint opening and the smoke outlet. And the gas transmission piece is arranged in the smoke exhaust channel, and the gas transmission piece can enable gas flow to be formed between the gas inlet and the smoke exhaust port, so that the smoke exhausted by the first pressure release valve is exhausted from the smoke exhaust port. According to the energy storage device, high-temperature flue gas generated by thermal runaway of the battery pack can be isolated and discharged, and the safety of the energy storage device is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of new energy batteries, specifically to an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage devices typically contain multiple battery packs, which are susceptible to thermal runaway during operation, generating large amounts of flammable, high-temperature fumes that can easily cause fires and explosions. Therefore, ensuring the safety of energy storage devices is of paramount importance.

[0003] In existing energy storage devices, pressure relief valves are usually installed on each battery pack to promptly discharge the high-temperature fumes generated in the pressure relief valves from the battery pack. In addition, explosion relief windows are installed on the energy storage device's cabin to further discharge the high-temperature fumes to the outside.

[0004] However, in existing energy storage devices, when high-temperature flue gas is discharged from a thermally runaway battery pack, it can easily accumulate inside the storage compartment, causing a fire or explosion. Furthermore, the high-temperature flue gas can easily affect other battery packs that have not yet experienced thermal runaway, triggering a chain reaction of thermal runaways. The high temperature and pressure of the flue gas can also easily damage wiring harnesses and other components. Therefore, the smoke extraction effect is poor, resulting in low safety during thermal runaway. Thus, how to further improve the safety of energy storage devices during thermal runaway has become a technical problem that needs to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above problems, this application provides an energy storage device. The first pair of interfaces of the exhaust channel of the energy storage device are sealed and connected to the first battery pack and surround the valve port of the first pressure relief valve. This restricts the exhaust gas emitted by the first pressure relief valve to the exhaust channel and allows the exhaust gas to be discharged to the outside through the airflow formed between the air inlet and the exhaust port. This isolates and discharges the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery pack, preventing the high-temperature exhaust gas from accumulating in the compartment of the energy storage device and preventing the high-temperature exhaust gas from damaging wiring harnesses and other components, thereby further improving the safety of the energy storage device.

[0006] One aspect of this application provides an energy storage device, which includes a first battery pack, a flue gas exhaust channel, and a gas delivery component. The first battery pack is equipped with a first pressure relief valve, which is used to release flue gas from the first battery pack in the event of thermal runaway. The flue gas exhaust channel has a first pair of interfaces, an air inlet, and a flue gas outlet. The first pair of interfaces is sealed to the first battery pack and surrounds the valve port of the first pressure relief valve, thus confining the flue gas discharged by the first pressure relief valve within the flue gas exhaust channel. Both the air inlet and the flue gas outlet are open to the outside, with the air inlet connecting between the first pair of interfaces and the flue gas outlet. The gas delivery component is disposed within the flue gas exhaust channel, and the gas delivery component enables airflow between the air inlet and the flue gas outlet to discharge the flue gas discharged by the first pressure relief valve from the flue gas outlet.

[0007] This type of energy storage device can isolate and discharge the high-temperature fumes generated by the thermal runaway of the battery pack. The high-temperature fumes will not affect other normally functioning battery packs, preventing a chain reaction of thermal runaway. Furthermore, it avoids the accumulation of high-temperature fumes within the energy storage device's compartment, reducing the risk of compartment fire and explosion. Simultaneously, it prevents the high-temperature fumes from damaging wiring harnesses and other electrical components, improving the safety of the energy storage device from multiple perspectives.

[0008] In one alternative approach, the first pair of interfaces is sealed to the first battery pack via a seal.

[0009] In this method, the seals are easy to install, replace and disassemble. The installed seals can ensure that the first pair of interfaces and the first battery pack can form a reliable sealed connection, which can effectively prevent the leakage of flue gas.

[0010] In one alternative approach, a grille is provided at the air intake to block external objects from entering the exhaust duct.

[0011] In this method, the grille can effectively block external objects from entering the exhaust duct, preventing them from blocking the exhaust duct and also preventing them from damaging the components of the energy storage device.

[0012] In one alternative approach, a movable explosion-proof plate and a waterproof vent valve are installed at the smoke exhaust outlet, which can be opened by the air pressure inside the smoke exhaust channel.

[0013] In this method, the explosion-proof plate will passively open upon sensing air pressure during thermal runaway, thereby automatically releasing smoke. The waterproof and breathable valve can prevent external moisture and dust from entering the smoke exhaust channel while balancing the air pressure between the smoke exhaust channel and the outside environment.

[0014] In one alternative embodiment, the energy storage device also includes a frame. A compartment is housed within the frame, a first battery pack is installed within the compartment, and an exhaust duct is mounted on the frame.

[0015] In this method, the frame provides an installation position for the smoke exhaust channel, which facilitates the positioning and installation of the smoke exhaust channel, enabling the smoke exhaust channel to be accurately aligned and connected with the first battery pack. At the same time, the frame provides reliable support for the smoke exhaust channel.

[0016] In one alternative embodiment, a movable hatch is provided on the frame. A smoke exhaust duct is installed on the first side of the hatch and is movable with the hatch. The first pair of interfaces of the smoke exhaust duct abuts against the first battery pack and forms a sealed connection when the hatch is closed. The first side faces the first pressure relief valve when the hatch is closed.

[0017] In this method, the smoke exhaust duct can be installed on a movable hatch, providing ample operating space and making installation and maintenance more convenient.

[0018] In one alternative configuration, the first pair of interfaces and the exhaust port are opposite each other, and the channel distance between the first pair of interfaces and the exhaust port is less than the channel distance between the air inlet and the exhaust port.

[0019] This method shortens the flow path of flue gas within the exhaust duct, thereby reducing flow resistance and losses. It ensures that the flue gas is fully carried to the outside by the airflow between the inlet and outlet, resulting in higher exhaust efficiency and more complete exhaust. Simultaneously, the relatively long distance between the inlet and outlet ensures that fresh air has sufficient time to mix and dilute the flue gas during its flow, thus reducing the concentration and temperature of the flue gas.

[0020] In one alternative embodiment, the energy storage device further includes a second battery pack. The second battery pack is equipped with a second pressure relief valve for venting flue gas from the second battery pack in the event of thermal runaway. The exhaust duct also has a second pair of interfaces. The second pair of interfaces is sealed to the second battery pack and surrounds the valve port of the second pressure relief valve, with an air inlet leading between the second pair of interfaces and the exhaust port.

[0021] In this method, the flue gas emitted by the second pressure relief valve is also isolated and discharged through the exhaust channel, ensuring that the flue gas emitted by the first and second battery packs during thermal runaway can be collected. This prevents the flue gas from affecting other components and ensures the safety of the energy storage device. Simultaneously, the exhaust channel can collect flue gas emitted by multiple battery packs, resulting in a more compact overall structure, smaller footprint, fewer components, and easier processing and installation.

[0022] In one alternative configuration, the first and second battery packs are arranged in parallel, and the first and second pressure relief valves face the same direction. The first pair of interfaces and the second pair of interfaces are arranged side-by-side on the same side panel of the smoke exhaust duct.

[0023] In this method, both pressure relief valves release flue gas and pressure in the same direction when they are opened, which facilitates the unified collection of flue gas, simplifies the layout and connection of the smoke exhaust system, reduces the overall complexity and cost, and makes the installation process more convenient.

[0024] In one alternative configuration, both the first pair of interfaces and the second pair of interfaces are located on the path of the airflow formed between the air inlet and the exhaust outlet.

[0025] This method allows the airflow formed between the air inlet and the exhaust outlet to pass through the first pair of interfaces and the second pair of interfaces, thereby fully carrying the flue gas emitted from the first pair of interfaces and / or the second pair of interfaces out of the exhaust channel during the airflow process, making the flue gas emission more complete.

[0026] In the energy storage device provided in this embodiment, the first pair of interfaces of the exhaust channel are sealed to the first battery pack and surround the valve port of the first pressure relief valve, thus confining the flue gas emitted by the first pressure relief valve within the exhaust channel. In the event of thermal runaway, simply activating the gas supply component allows the flue gas to be exhausted to the outside through the airflow formed between the air inlet and the exhaust outlet. This isolates and discharges the high-temperature flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery pack, preventing it from affecting other normally functioning battery packs and avoiding a chain reaction of thermal runaway. Furthermore, it prevents high-temperature flue gas from accumulating inside the energy storage device's compartment, reducing the risk of compartment fire and explosion. Simultaneously, it prevents high-temperature flue gas from damaging wiring harnesses and other electrical components, improving the safety of the energy storage device from multiple perspectives.

[0027] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of the embodiments of this application, they can be implemented according to the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of this application more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of this application are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application from a first perspective.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the energy storage device involved in the embodiments of this application from a second perspective.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the energy storage device involved in the embodiments of this application from a first perspective.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the energy storage device involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the bottom of the energy storage device involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0034] Figure label:

[0035] 10. First battery pack; 11. First pressure relief valve;

[0036] 20. Second battery pack; 21. Second pressure relief valve;

[0037] 30. Smoke exhaust duct; 31. First pair of interfaces; 32. Air inlet; 33. Smoke exhaust outlet; 34. Second pair of interfaces;

[0038] 40. Gas transmission components; 50. Frame; 60. Sealing components; 71. Explosion-proof plate; 72. Waterproof and breathable valve; 73. Grille. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein in the specification of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0041] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, used in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are intended to cover without excluding other meanings. The words "a" or "an" do not exclude the presence of multiples.

[0042] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of the phrase "embodiment" in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0043] In this article, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0044] The directional terms appearing in the following description refer to the directions shown in the figures and are not intended to limit the specific structure of the energy storage device of this application. For example, in the description of this application, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the figures. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0045] Furthermore, the descriptions of directions such as the X, Y, and Z directions used to explain the operation and structure of the components of the energy storage device in this embodiment are not absolute but relative. Although these directions are appropriate when the components of the energy storage device are in the positions shown in the figure, they should be interpreted differently when these positions change to correspond to the changes.

[0046] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification and claims of this application or in the aforementioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order, and may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0047] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" means two or more (including two groups).

[0048] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" or "linkage" in mechanical structures can refer to a physical connection, such as a fixed connection, for example, a connection fixed by fasteners, such as a connection fixed by screws, bolts, or other fasteners; a physical connection can also be a detachable connection, such as a snap-fit ​​or interlocking connection; a physical connection can also be an integral connection, such as a connection formed by welding, bonding, or integral molding. In circuit structures, "connection" or "linkage" can refer not only to a physical connection but also to an electrical connection or a signal connection. For example, it can be a direct connection, i.e., a physical connection, or an indirect connection through at least one intermediate component, as long as the circuit is connected; it can also refer to the internal connection of two components. Signal connection can refer not only to signal connection through a circuit but also to signal connection through a media, such as radio waves. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] The energy storage device in the embodiments of this application is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application from a first perspective. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the energy storage device involved in the embodiments of this application from a second perspective. Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application from a first perspective. The energy storage device includes at least one battery pack, a smoke exhaust channel 30, a gas delivery component 40, and a frame 50.

[0050] Frame 50 is the supporting structure of the energy storage device, providing support and installation positions for various components. Frame 50 can be assembled from structures such as pillars and support plates. Frame 50 contains a cavity, or compartment, for housing the battery pack. The compartment can be a single, undivided space or a multi-level space; there is no restriction on this. The battery pack can be securely installed in the compartment using bolts, clips, and other fasteners to ensure a stable placement.

[0051] A battery pack is an energy storage component in an energy storage device, comprising multiple individual battery cells. These individual cells can be electrically connected in series, parallel, or a combination of both, and can communicate with a battery management system to form the battery pack. The individual battery cells can be lithium-ion, sodium-ion, or magnesium-ion batteries, and their external contours can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes.

[0052] The first battery pack 10 is a designation for one of a group of battery packs. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a first pressure relief valve 11 is provided on the first battery pack 10. The first pressure relief valve 11 is used to discharge the flue gas inside the first battery pack 10 in the event of thermal runaway. When the first battery pack 10 experiences thermal runaway events such as short circuit or overheating, high-temperature flue gas will be generated inside the first battery pack 10, causing the gas pressure inside the first battery pack 10 to rise. When the gas pressure inside the battery pack reaches the opening threshold of the first pressure relief valve 11, it will be forced open by the gas pressure, thereby discharging the high-temperature gas inside the first battery pack 10 to prevent the first battery pack 10 from catching fire or exploding.

[0053] The exhaust duct 30 is a structure used to isolate and discharge the fumes emitted from the battery pack to the outside environment, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the exhaust duct 30 has a first pair of interfaces 31, an air inlet 32, and an exhaust outlet 33. The first pair of interfaces 31 are sealed to the first battery pack 10 and surround the valve port of the first pressure relief valve 11, thus confining the exhaust gas emitted by the first pressure relief valve 11 within the exhaust duct 30. The exhaust duct 30 can be a one-piece molded duct structure or a structure composed of multiple parts sealed together by pressure connection, welding, threaded connection, or riveting.

[0054] The smoke exhaust duct 30 is a channel for the isolated discharge of flue gas. The smoke exhaust duct 30 can be directly installed on the frame 50 or on a specially designed mounting structure. In one alternative configuration, the first battery pack 10 is installed inside the compartment, and the smoke exhaust duct 30 is installed on the frame 50.

[0055] The smoke exhaust duct 30 is mounted on the frame 50, typically positioned on the side of the compartment to facilitate connection with the first battery pack 10. The path of the smoke exhaust duct 30 can be freely configured according to the structure of the frame 50; for example, the smoke exhaust duct 30 can be placed against the inner wall of the compartment, with its path arranged along the inner wall.

[0056] When installing the first battery pack 10 and the smoke exhaust duct 30, the first battery pack 10 can be installed first, followed by the smoke exhaust duct 30. For example, the first battery pack 10 can be installed in place and secured firmly first, and then the smoke exhaust duct 30 can be installed on the frame 50, so that the first pair of interfaces 31 of the smoke exhaust duct 30 are sealed and connected to the first battery pack 10 and surround the valve port of the first pressure relief valve 11, thereby completing the installation process.

[0057] When installing the first battery pack 10 and the smoke exhaust duct 30, the smoke exhaust duct 30 can be installed first, followed by the first battery pack 10. For example, the smoke exhaust duct 30 can be installed on the frame 50 first, and then the first battery pack 10 can be installed, such that the valve port of the first pressure relief valve 11 on the first battery pack 10 is surrounded by the first pair of interfaces 31 of the smoke exhaust duct 30, and the first pair of interfaces 31 and the first battery pack 10 form a sealed connection. Then the first battery pack 10 is fixed, thus completing the installation process.

[0058] In this method, the frame 50 provides an installation position for the smoke exhaust channel 30, which facilitates the positioning and installation of the smoke exhaust channel 30, enabling the smoke exhaust channel 30 to be accurately aligned and connected with the first battery pack 10. At the same time, the frame 50 provides reliable support for the smoke exhaust channel 30.

[0059] Furthermore, the smoke exhaust duct 30 can be configured to be either permanently fixed in a specific position or movable. In one alternative configuration, a movable hatch is provided on the frame 50. The smoke exhaust duct 30 is mounted on the first side of the hatch and is movable with the hatch. The first pair of interfaces 31 of the smoke exhaust duct 30 abuts against the first battery pack 10 and forms a sealed connection when the hatch is closed. The first side faces the first pressure relief valve when the hatch is closed.

[0060] The hatch provides access and maintenance for the battery packs inside the compartment. When the hatch is open, operators can perform installation, replacement, and disassembly operations on components such as the first battery pack 10. When the hatch is closed, it can seal the compartment to protect the components inside.

[0061] The smoke exhaust duct 30 is installed on the first side of the hatch and is movable with the hatch. When the hatch is open, the smoke exhaust duct 30 can be installed at a predetermined position on the first side of the hatch, and the first battery pack 10 can be installed at a predetermined position inside the hatch. After the hatch is closed, the first pair of interfaces 31 of the smoke exhaust duct 30 can abut against the first battery pack 10 to form a sealed connection, and the first pair of interfaces 31 can surround the valve port of the first pressure relief valve 11.

[0062] In this method, the smoke exhaust duct 30 can be installed on a movable hatch, providing ample operating space and making installation and maintenance more convenient.

[0063] In this embodiment, the first pair of interfaces 31 of the exhaust channel 30 are used to dock with the first battery pack 10 and form a sealed connection. At the same time, the first pair of interfaces 31 can surround the valve port of the first pressure relief valve 11, so that the flue gas emitted by the first pressure relief valve 11 is collected by the exhaust channel 30, preventing the flue gas from affecting other battery packs or other components, so that the flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the first battery pack 10 can be isolated and discharged.

[0064] There are many ways to connect the first pair of interfaces 31 and the first battery pack 10. For example, the first pair of interfaces 31 can be connected to the outer surface of the first battery pack 10 by snap-fit ​​or abutment, so that the first pair of interfaces 31 surrounds the valve port of the first pressure relief valve 11.

[0065] There are many specific implementation methods for sealing the first interface 31 and the second battery pack 20. For example, they can be sealed and bonded using sealant, or sealed by sealing gaskets, sealing strips, or other sealing components to block the gaps and form a sealed connection. An exemplary alternative method is... Figure 3 As shown, the first pair of interfaces 31 are sealed to the first battery pack 10 by a seal 60.

[0066] The seal 60 is a material or component that fills and seals the gap between the exhaust channel 30 and the first battery pack 10. The seal 60 can be made of materials with high temperature resistance, pressure resistance, and corrosion resistance to ensure good sealing performance even under extreme conditions such as battery thermal runaway. For example, the seal 60 can be sealing foam or a sealing rubber ring, or it can be a sealing structure such as a flange that can be sealed via threaded connection, pressure connection, or other methods.

[0067] The shape and size of the seal 60 need to match the connection surfaces of the first pair of interfaces 31 and the battery pack to ensure a tight and stable seal. The seal 60 can be fixed between the first pair of interfaces 31 and the battery pack by means of bolts, clips, compression, etc., to form a reliable sealed connection.

[0068] In this method, the seal 60 is easy to install, replace and disassemble. The installed seal 60 can ensure that the first pair of interfaces 31 and the first battery pack 10 can form a reliable sealed connection, which can effectively prevent the leakage of flue gas.

[0069] In the smoke exhaust duct 30, the air inlet 32 ​​is an opening for allowing outside air to enter the smoke exhaust duct 30, and the smoke exhaust outlet 33 is an opening for allowing air inside the smoke exhaust duct 30 to exit to the outside. Both the air inlet 32 ​​and the smoke exhaust outlet 33 can communicate with the outside, with the air inlet 32 ​​connecting to the first pair of interfaces 31 and the smoke exhaust outlet 33. The first pair of interfaces 31, the air inlet 32, and the smoke exhaust outlet 33 can be configured as circular openings, square openings, or other shapes of openings, without any restrictions.

[0070] The gas delivery component 40 is a component used to provide power for gas flow. Specifically, the gas delivery component 40 can be a fan, a pump, etc. The gas delivery component 40 is installed in the smoke exhaust channel 30. The gas delivery component 40 enables airflow to be formed between the air inlet 32 ​​and the smoke exhaust outlet 33 so as to discharge the flue gas discharged by the first pressure relief valve 11 from the smoke exhaust outlet 33.

[0071] The location of the gas delivery component 40 can be freely configured according to requirements. For example, such as... Figure 3 As shown, when the gas supply component 40 is set as a fan, it can be set at the exhaust port 33, so that the gas in the exhaust channel 30 can be transported to the outside through the rotation of the fan.

[0072] When the gas delivery device 40 is activated, it creates an airflow between the air inlet 32 ​​and the exhaust port 33. The airflow carries the flue gas discharged by the first pressure relief valve 11 out of the exhaust port 33. The activation method of the gas delivery device 40 can be set to be linked to the opening of the first pressure relief valve 11, or triggered by an independent monitoring and control system to ensure a rapid response in the event of a battery thermal runaway.

[0073] The spatial relationship between the first pair of interfaces 31, the exhaust port 33, and the air inlet 32 ​​can be freely configured according to requirements. One optional method is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the first pair of interfaces 31 and the exhaust port 33 are opposite each other, and the channel distance between the first pair of interfaces 31 and the exhaust port 33 is less than the channel distance between the air inlet 32 ​​and the exhaust port 33.

[0074] In this method, the first pair of interfaces 31 and the exhaust port 33 are directly opposite each other in spatial position, so that after the flue gas is collected at the first pair of interfaces 31, it can flow directly to the exhaust port 33 along the exhaust channel 30. This can shorten the flow path of the flue gas in the exhaust channel 30, thereby reducing the flow resistance and loss of the flue gas and making the exhaust efficiency higher.

[0075] The channel distance refers to the distance the airflow travels along the channel direction within the smoke exhaust channel 30. The channel distance between the first pair of ports 31 and the smoke exhaust port 33 refers to the length of the gas flow path from the first pair of ports 31 to the smoke exhaust port 33, and the channel distance between the air inlet 32 ​​and the smoke exhaust port 33 refers to the length of the gas flow path from the air inlet 32 ​​to the smoke exhaust port 33.

[0076] The channel distance between the first pair of interfaces 31 and the exhaust port 33 is smaller than the channel distance between the air inlet 32 ​​and the exhaust port 33, which makes the flow path of the flue gas smaller, thereby reducing the flow distance of the flue gas and ensuring that the flue gas can be fully carried to the outside by the airflow between the air inlet 32 ​​and the exhaust port 33, thereby improving the exhaust effect.

[0077] Meanwhile, since the channel distance between the air inlet 32 ​​and the smoke outlet 33 is relatively long, it can ensure that the fresh air has enough time to mix and dilute with the smoke during the flow process, thereby reducing the concentration and temperature of the smoke.

[0078] In this embodiment, the smoke exhaust port 33 can be fully open, keeping it in a normally open state. The smoke exhaust port 33 can also be opened and closed as needed via a valve or baffle, allowing it to be opened or closed under different circumstances.

[0079] For example, one alternative approach is as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a movable explosion-proof plate 71 and a waterproof vent valve 72 are provided at the smoke exhaust port 33. The explosion-proof plate 71 and the waterproof vent valve 72 can be opened under the action of air pressure in the smoke exhaust channel 30.

[0080] The explosion-proof panel 71 can automatically open under certain air pressure. When the air pressure in the smoke exhaust duct 30 rises to the opening threshold of the explosion-proof panel 71, the explosion-proof panel 71 will automatically open under the action of air pressure, thereby releasing the gas in the smoke exhaust duct 30 and automatically discharging smoke in the event of thermal runaway. After the air pressure drops, the explosion-proof panel 71 can also be automatically or manually reset by a spring or other reset mechanism.

[0081] The waterproof and breathable valve 72 is typically made of waterproof material, but its internal design incorporates a microporous structure to allow airflow while preventing the entry of moisture and dust. Under normal circumstances, the waterproof and breathable valve 72 remains closed to prevent external moisture and dust from entering the smoke exhaust channel 30. When the air pressure within the smoke exhaust channel 30 rises to a certain level, the valve automatically opens under pressure, allowing gas to escape. Simultaneously, due to the valve's microporous structure, it maintains a certain level of breathability even in adverse weather conditions such as rain, preventing excessive internal pressure and ensuring a balance between internal and external air pressure.

[0082] In this method, the explosion-proof plate 71 will passively open upon sensing air pressure during thermal runaway, thereby automatically venting smoke. The waterproof and breathable valve 72 can prevent external moisture and dust from entering the smoke exhaust channel 30 while balancing the air pressure between the smoke exhaust channel 30 and the outside.

[0083] Alternatively, an alternative approach could be as follows: Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the energy storage device involved in the embodiments of this application. Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the bottom of the energy storage device involved in the embodiment of this application. A grille 73 is provided at the air inlet 32, which is used to block external objects from entering the exhaust duct 30.

[0084] The grille 73 can be made of materials with good corrosion resistance and wear resistance, such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy, to ensure that it maintains its structural integrity and functional effectiveness during long-term use. The grille 73 can be securely installed at the air inlet 32 ​​by bolts, welding, or other fixing methods to ensure that it will not fall off or shift during use.

[0085] The grille 73 is designed with a mesh structure to allow airflow while effectively blocking small animals and other external objects. The size, shape, and arrangement of the individual cells in the grille 73 can be freely set, as long as it can block most external objects without affecting the smooth flow of air.

[0086] In this method, the grille 73 can effectively block external objects from entering the smoke exhaust channel 30, preventing external objects from entering the smoke exhaust channel 30 and blocking it, and also preventing external objects from entering the smoke exhaust channel 30 and damaging the components of the energy storage device.

[0087] In addition, the exhaust duct 30 can also be equipped with multiple interfaces to accommodate the arrangement of multiple battery packs, so that the exhaust gas emitted by the pressure relief valves of multiple battery packs can be isolated and discharged by the exhaust duct 30.

[0088] An optional approach is as follows Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the energy storage device also includes a second battery pack 20. A second pressure relief valve 21 is provided on the second battery pack 20, which is used to release the flue gas inside the second battery pack 20 in the event of thermal runaway. The exhaust duct 30 also has a second pair of ports 34. The second pair of ports 34 are sealed to the second battery pack 20 and surround the valve port of the second pressure relief valve 21. An air inlet 32 ​​leads between the second pair of ports 34 and the exhaust port 33.

[0089] The second battery pack 20 is a separate battery pack from the first battery pack 10. The structure of the second battery pack 20 is similar to that of the first battery pack 10, and will not be described in detail here. The second battery pack 20 and the first battery pack 10 can power the same electrical device, and the second battery pack 20 can be connected in series or parallel. Alternatively, the second battery pack 20 and the first battery pack 10 can power different electrical devices; no specific restrictions are imposed here.

[0090] Similar to the first pressure relief valve 11 provided on the first battery pack 10, the second battery pack 20 is also provided with a second pressure relief valve 21. In the event of thermal runaway of the second battery pack 20, the second pressure relief valve 21 can automatically open when excessive internal pressure is detected, thereby releasing the smoke and pressure inside the second battery pack 20 and preventing the battery from exploding or catching fire.

[0091] The second pair of interfaces 34 on the exhaust duct 30 is used to make a sealed connection with the second battery pack 20 and surround the second pressure relief valve 21, thereby collecting the smoke emitted by the first pressure relief valve 11 and preventing the smoke emitted by the second pressure relief valve 21 from affecting other components.

[0092] The air inlet 32 ​​can connect to the second pair of ports 34 and the exhaust port 33 so that during exhaust, the airflow between the air inlet 32 ​​and the exhaust port 33 can drive the exhaust gas emitted by the second pair of ports 34 and the first pair of ports 31, thereby uniformly discharging the exhaust gas collected in the exhaust channel 30 to the outside. At the same time, it can mix and dilute the fresh air entering from the air inlet 32 ​​with the exhaust gas released from the second battery pack 20, thereby reducing the concentration and temperature of the exhaust gas.

[0093] In this method, the flue gas emitted by the second pressure relief valve 21 is also isolated and discharged through the exhaust channel 30, so that the flue gas emitted by the first battery pack 10 and the second battery pack 20 during thermal runaway can be collected, avoiding the impact of the flue gas on other components and ensuring the safety of the energy storage device. At the same time, the exhaust channel 30 can collect the flue gas emitted by multiple battery packs simultaneously, resulting in a more compact overall structure, occupying less space, having fewer components, and facilitating processing and installation.

[0094] The relative positions of the first pair of interfaces 31 and the second pair of interfaces 34 correspond to the relative positions of the first pressure relief valve 11 and the second pressure relief valve 21. For example, one optional approach is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the first battery pack 10 and the second battery pack 20 are arranged in parallel, and the first pressure relief valve 11 and the second pressure relief valve 21 face the same direction. The first pair of interfaces 31 and the second pair of interfaces 34 are arranged side by side on the same side plate of the smoke exhaust duct 30.

[0095] In this configuration, the first battery pack 10 and the second battery pack 20 can be arranged longitudinally, such as with the first battery pack 10 positioned above the second battery pack 20, thus maximizing the use of the compartment space. Simultaneously, the first pressure relief valve 11 and the second pressure relief valve 21 are located on the same side, and their orientations are aligned, ensuring that both valves release smoke and pressure in the same direction when opened. This facilitates unified smoke collection, simplifies the layout and connection of the smoke extraction system, and reduces overall complexity and cost.

[0096] The relative positions of the first pair of interfaces 31 and the second pair of interfaces 34 correspond to the relative positions of the first pressure relief valve 11 and the second pressure relief valve 21. The first pair of interfaces 31 and the second pair of interfaces 34 are arranged side by side on the same side plate of the smoke exhaust channel 30. This allows the second pair of interfaces 34 to be aligned with the second pressure relief valve 21 at the same time as the first pair of interfaces 31 is aligned with the first pressure relief valve 11, making the installation process more convenient.

[0097] Furthermore, in one alternative embodiment, the first pair of interfaces 31 and the second pair of interfaces 34 are both located on the airflow path formed between the air inlet 32 ​​and the exhaust outlet 33, so that the airflow formed between the air inlet 32 ​​and the exhaust outlet 33 can pass through the first pair of interfaces 31 and the second pair of interfaces 34, thereby fully carrying the flue gas emitted from the first pair of interfaces 31 and / or the second pair of interfaces 34 out of the exhaust channel 30 during the airflow process, so that the flue gas is discharged more completely.

[0098] In summary, in the energy storage device described above, the first pair of interfaces of the exhaust channel are sealed to the first battery pack and surround the valve port of the first pressure relief valve, thus confining the flue gas emitted by the first pressure relief valve within the exhaust channel. In the event of thermal runaway, simply activating the gas supply component allows the flue gas to be exhausted to the outside through the airflow formed between the air inlet and exhaust outlet, thereby isolating and discharging the high-temperature flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery pack. The high-temperature flue gas will not affect other normally functioning battery packs, preventing a chain reaction of thermal runaway. Furthermore, it avoids the accumulation of high-temperature flue gas within the energy storage device's compartment, reducing the risk of compartment fire and explosion. Simultaneously, it prevents high-temperature flue gas from damaging wiring harnesses and other electrical components, improving the safety of the energy storage device from multiple perspectives.

[0099] Those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments herein do not include certain features included in other embodiments, combinations of features from different embodiments are still within the scope of this application and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any one of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

[0100] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that, The energy storage device includes: a first battery pack, a smoke exhaust channel, and a gas transmission component; The first battery pack is provided with a first pressure relief valve, which is used to release the flue gas inside the first battery pack when the first battery pack experiences thermal runaway. The exhaust channel has a first pair of interfaces, an air inlet, and an exhaust outlet; the first pair of interfaces are sealed to the first battery pack and surround the valve port of the first pressure relief valve, so that the exhaust gas emitted by the first pressure relief valve is confined within the exhaust channel; Both the air inlet and the smoke outlet are open to the outside, and the air inlet is connected to the first pair of interfaces and the smoke outlet. The gas conveying component is disposed in the smoke exhaust channel, and the gas conveying component enables airflow to be formed between the air inlet and the smoke exhaust port so as to discharge the smoke from the first pressure relief valve from the smoke exhaust port.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pair of interfaces are sealed to the first battery pack by a sealing element.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A grille is provided at the air inlet to block external objects from entering the exhaust duct.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The smoke exhaust outlet is equipped with a movable explosion-proof plate and a waterproof and breathable valve, which can be opened under the action of air pressure in the smoke exhaust channel.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage device also includes a frame; A compartment is provided within the frame, the first battery pack is installed in the compartment, and the smoke exhaust duct is installed on the frame.

6. The energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The frame is equipped with a movable hatch; The smoke exhaust duct is installed on the first side of the hatch and can move with the hatch. The first pair of interfaces of the smoke exhaust duct abuts against the first battery pack and forms a sealed connection when the hatch is closed. The first side faces the first pressure relief valve when the hatch is closed.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pair of interfaces is opposite to the exhaust port, and the channel distance between the first pair of interfaces and the exhaust port is less than the channel distance between the air inlet and the exhaust port.

8. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage device also includes a second battery pack; The second battery pack is provided with a second pressure relief valve, which is used to release the flue gas inside the second battery pack in the event of thermal runaway. The exhaust duct also has a second pair of interfaces; the second pair of interfaces is sealed to the second battery pack and surrounds the valve port of the second pressure relief valve; the air inlet leads between the second pair of interfaces and the exhaust port.

9. The energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first battery pack and the second battery pack are arranged in parallel, and the first pressure relief valve and the second pressure relief valve face the same direction; The first pair of interfaces and the second pair of interfaces are arranged side by side on the same side plate of the smoke exhaust channel.

10. The energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that, Both the first pair of interfaces and the second pair of interfaces are located on the airflow path formed between the air inlet and the exhaust outlet.

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