DMS vehicle-mounted host power supply plug-in

Abstract

The utility model relates to a DMS vehicle-mounted host power supply plug-in, which comprises a connector, a switch, a fuse, a circuit board, an indicating lamp circuit and a panel, the connector is connected with a train DC110V power supply, the other end of the connector is connected with a surge protection circuit, a common mode filter circuit and an anti-reverse-connection circuit through the switch and the fuse, the other end of the anti-reverse-connection circuit is connected with a slow start circuit, and the panel is connected with the indicating lamp circuit. The slow start circuit is electrically connected with the isolation circuit and the DC / DC power supply module; the isolation circuit is used for detecting current and voltage values of the DC / DC power supply module, the output end of the isolation circuit is connected with an MCU chip, the DC / DC power supply module is provided with a temperature detection circuit, and the output end of the temperature detection circuit is connected with the MCU chip; the output end of the MCU chip is connected with the control end of the DC / DC power supply module, and the output end of the DC / DC power supply module is connected with the output power supply interface. The utility model provides a safe and reliable system power supply for the vehicle-mounted host.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle host power technology, specifically to a DMS vehicle host power plug-in. Background Technology

[0002] In modern train operation systems, the stability of onboard equipment plays a crucial role in the safe and efficient operation of the train. Among these, the power supply module, as a key component providing stable power to onboard equipment, directly affects the reliability of the entire onboard system. Existing onboard power supply modules suffer from the following problems in practical applications:

[0003] 1. Under high load conditions, a large inrush current is generated, leading to damage to electrical components. Therefore, voltage fluctuations cause circuit abnormalities.

[0004] 2. When the voltage is high, it is difficult to collect the current and voltage in the circuit, and the accuracy is not high.

[0005] 3. The inability to adjust the output when the load changes results in low conversion efficiency.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a DMS vehicle-mounted host power supply. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention addresses the problems of low conversion efficiency, difficulty in detecting operating status, and susceptibility to surge current in existing train power supply modules. It proposes a DMS on-board host power supply module that eliminates the influence of surge current through a soft-start circuit, achieves isolated acquisition of voltage and current values ​​through an isolation circuit, and monitors the temperature of the DC / DC power module through a temperature detection circuit. Combined with an MCU chip, it provides the hardware foundation for real-time monitoring of output load changes and automatic adjustment of power conversion efficiency through precise quantification of output load.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model proposes a DMS vehicle-mounted host power supply plug-in, including a connector, a switch, a fuse, a circuit board, an indicator light circuit, and a panel. The connector is connected to the train's DC 110V power supply. The other end of the connector is connected to a surge protection circuit, a common-mode filter circuit, and a reverse connection protection circuit via the switch and fuse. The other end of the reverse connection protection circuit is connected to a soft-start circuit. The soft-start circuit is electrically connected to an isolation circuit and a DC / DC power module.

[0009] The isolation circuit is used to detect the current and voltage values ​​of the DC / DC power module. The output of the isolation circuit is connected to an MCU chip. The DC / DC power module is equipped with a temperature detection circuit, and the output of the temperature detection circuit is connected to the MCU chip.

[0010] The output terminal of the MCU chip is connected to the control terminal of the DC / DC power module, and the output terminal of the DC / DC power module is connected to the output power interface.

[0011] Furthermore, the soft-start circuit includes a MOSFET soft-start circuit, which includes a MOSFET. The gate and source of the MOSFET are connected to a capacitor C1. The capacitor C1 is connected to a reverse connection protection circuit via a voltage divider resistor. The drain of the MOSFET is connected to an RC circuit consisting of a capacitor C2 and a resistor. The output of the MOSFET is connected to an isolation circuit and a DC / DC power supply module.

[0012] High-output loads generate significant inrush currents during startup, which may exceed the tolerance of components and cause damage. Soft-start technology gradually increases current or voltage, limiting the peak current during startup, protecting power supplies, switching devices, capacitors, and other components, and extending equipment lifespan. Soft-start enables a smooth system startup, reducing the impact on other parts and improving system stability and reliability.

[0013] Furthermore, the isolation circuit includes a wafer resistor, an operational amplifier follower circuit, an APC chip, a digital isolation chip, a sampling resistor, and a proportional operational amplifier circuit;

[0014] One end of the wafer resistor is connected to the soft-start circuit and the other end is connected to the input of the operational amplifier follower circuit. The output of the operational amplifier follower circuit is connected to the digital isolation chip via the APC chip to form a voltage detection circuit.

[0015] The sampling resistor is connected to the input terminal of the proportional operational amplifier circuit, and the output terminal of the proportional operational amplifier circuit is connected to the digital isolation chip via the APC chip to form a current detection circuit.

[0016] The output of the digital isolation chip is connected to the MCU chip.

[0017] Analog signal acquisition based on APC chip and digital isolation chip enables non-contact acquisition between MCU chip and DC110V power module, improving acquisition accuracy and ensuring safe use of MCU chip.

[0018] Furthermore, the temperature detection circuit includes a temperature sensor, which includes a TMP75 module. The TMP75 module is connected to the MCU chip via an I2C serial port.

[0019] Based on the characteristics of current value changes caused by efficiency variations in DC110V power modules under different operating ambient temperatures, a temperature-limited current alarm algorithm is used to correlate the real-time collected temperature value with the current-limited alarm threshold, thereby more comprehensively monitoring the operating status of DC110V power modules under different operating ambient temperatures.

[0020] Furthermore, a supercapacitor is also connected to the output terminal of the DC / DC power module.

[0021] Supercapacitors can provide short-term backup power to the system when the equipment loses power.

[0022] Furthermore, the output terminal of the MCU chip is connected to the indicator light circuit.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this utility model through the above technical solution are as follows:

[0024] This invention provides a safe and reliable system power supply for an onboard host. It obtains DC 110V power from the train, which passes through connectors, switches, fuses, surge protection circuits, common-mode filtering circuits, reverse connection protection circuits, and soft-start circuits. An isolation circuit and temperature detection circuit monitor the current, voltage, and temperature of the DC / DC power module. An MCU chip adjusts the output of the DC 110V power module based on the detected parameters, converting the DC 110V to DC 12V to provide power to other units in the system. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is one of the circuit diagrams for a DMS vehicle host power supply plug-in according to this utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 This is the second circuit diagram of a DMS vehicle host power supply plug-in according to this utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 This is the third circuit diagram of a DMS vehicle host power supply plug-in according to this utility model.

[0028] Reference numerals: 1. Connector; 2. Switch; 3. Fuse; 4. Indicator light circuit; 5. Panel; 6. Soft start circuit; 7. Isolation circuit; 7. Operational amplifier follower circuit; 701. APC chip; 702. Digital isolation chip; 703. Proportional operational amplifier circuit; 704. DC / DC power supply module; 8. MCU chip; 9. Temperature detection circuit; 10. Supercapacitor; 11. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a DMS vehicle host power supply plug includes a connector 1, a switch 2, a fuse 3, a circuit board, an indicator light circuit 4, and a panel 5. The connector 1 is connected to the train's DC 110V power supply. The other end of the connector 1 is connected to a surge protection circuit, a common mode filter circuit, and a reverse connection protection circuit via the switch 2 and the fuse 3. The other end of the reverse connection protection circuit is connected to a soft start circuit 6. The soft start circuit 6 is electrically connected to an isolation circuit 7 and a DC / DC power module 8.

[0031] The isolation circuit 7 is used to detect the current and voltage values ​​of the DC / DC power module 8. The output terminal of the isolation circuit 7 is connected to the MCU chip 9. The DC / DC power module 8 is equipped with a temperature detection circuit 10. The output terminal of the temperature detection circuit 10 is connected to the MCU chip 9.

[0032] The output terminal of the MCU chip 9 is connected to the control terminal of the DC / DC power module 8, and the output terminal of the DC / DC power module 8 is connected to the output power interface.

[0033] The soft-start circuit 6 includes a MOSFET soft-start circuit, which includes a MOSFET. The gate and source of the MOSFET are connected to a capacitor C1. The capacitor C1 is connected to a reverse connection protection circuit via a voltage divider resistor. The drain of the MOSFET is connected to an RC circuit consisting of a capacitor C2 and a resistor. The output of the MOSFET is connected to an isolation circuit 7 and a DC / DC power module 8.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, during the turn-on phase of the MOSFET: C1 is charged through R0, R2 and R5 (voltage divider resistors) to provide Vgs voltage to the gate and source of the MOSFET. The MOSFET turns on after reaching the threshold value, where D2 plays the role of limiting the voltage.

[0035] After the MOSFET is turned on: the drain current of the MOSFET begins to increase, and the rate of change is proportional to the rate of change of the transconductance and the gate-source voltage. Since the transconductance is a fixed value, the drain current is controlled by the gate-source voltage, thus controlling the drain current.

[0036] Miller plateau stage: Utilizing the Miller plateau of the MOSFET, the Miller capacitance is increased through R1, R4, and C2 to delay the MOSFET's turn-on time and increase the Ids turn-on duration, thereby suppressing the startup current.

[0037] Full conduction phase: After the Miller plateau phase ends, the gate-source voltage Vgs continues to rise, the MOSFET is fully turned on, and the device operates normally.

[0038] The isolation circuit 7 includes a wafer resistor, an operational amplifier follower circuit 701, an APC chip 702, a digital isolation chip 703, a sampling resistor, and a proportional operational amplifier circuit 704.

[0039] One end of the wafer resistor is connected to the soft-start circuit 6 and the other end is connected to the input terminal of the operational amplifier follower circuit 701. The output terminal of the operational amplifier follower circuit 701 is connected to the digital isolation chip 703 via the APC chip 702 to form a voltage detection circuit.

[0040] The sampling resistor is connected to the input terminal of the proportional operational amplifier circuit 704, and the output terminal of the proportional operational amplifier circuit 704 is connected to the digital isolation chip 703 via the APC chip 702 to form a current detection circuit.

[0041] The output of the digital isolation chip 703 is connected to the MCU chip 9.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, a low-voltage, processable analog signal is obtained by voltage division using high-precision wafer resistors. The interface impedance is then increased by an operational amplifier follower circuit 701, and then connected to an APC chip 702 to convert the analog signal into a PWM digital signal with a duty cycle of 0% to 100%. After electrical isolation by a digital isolation chip 703, the signal is provided to the back-end MCU chip 9 for digital calculation, and finally the voltage value of the isolated power supply is obtained.

[0043] A current sampling resistor is connected in series in the power supply circuit to convert the current signal into a voltage signal. Then, the weak voltage signal is converted into a processable analog signal by the proportional operational amplifier circuit 704. The analog signal is then connected to the APC chip 702 to convert the analog signal into a PWM digital signal with a duty cycle of 0%~100%. After electrical isolation by the digital isolation chip 703, the signal is provided to the back-end MCU chip 9 for digital calculation, and finally the current value of the isolated power supply is obtained.

[0044] The temperature detection circuit 10 includes a temperature sensor, which includes a TMP75 module. The TMP75 module is connected to the MCU chip 9 via an I2C serial port.

[0045] The output terminal of the DC / DC power module 8 is also connected to a supercapacitor 11.

[0046] The output terminal of the MCU chip 9 is connected to the indicator light circuit 4.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] This document describes a technology for accurately quantifying output load and automatically adjusting power conversion efficiency based on a DMS vehicle-mounted host power supply plug-in as described in Example 1.

[0049] (1) Combining the characteristics of current value change due to efficiency change under different working environment temperature, the temperature-current limiting alarm algorithm is used to associate the real-time collected temperature value with the current limiting alarm threshold, so as to more comprehensively monitor the working status of DC / DC power module 8 under different working environment temperature.

[0050] If an abnormal current is detected at a certain ambient temperature, an overcurrent alarm will be triggered, and the alarm information will be sent to the system master controller via the baseboard bus. This will help to identify abnormal operation of the DC / DC power module 8 in advance and prevent the DC / DC power module 8 from being in an abnormal state and causing equipment failure.

[0051] (2) The input voltage and current of the DC / DC power module 8 are acquired through the voltage and current acquisition technology of the isolation circuit 7, and the output voltage and current of the DC / DC power module 8 are acquired through the conventional non-isolated ADC analog-to-digital conversion technology of the MCU chip 9, so as to accurately quantify the output load and monitor the input and output working status of the DC / DC power module 8 in real time.

[0052] The MCU chip 9 processes the precisely quantized output load data to obtain the current conversion efficiency of the DC / DC power module 8 and determines whether it is within a reasonable power conversion efficiency range. If the current output load of the DC / DC power module 8 is detected to be outside a reasonable power conversion efficiency range, the MCU chip 9 inputs PWM pulse width modulation to the efficiency adjustment pin of the DC / DC power module 8. Following the automatic efficiency adjustment mechanism of the DC / DC power module 8, the MCU chip 9 automatically adjusts the power conversion efficiency of the DC / DC power module 8, thereby achieving the goal of automatically adjusting the power conversion efficiency based on the precise quantization of the output load.

[0053] For example, under low load conditions below 30%, the conversion efficiency of DC / DC power module 8 can be increased from about 75% to over 80%, and under other load conditions, the conversion efficiency of DC / DC power module 8 can be increased to over 85%.

[0054] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the patent claims of this utility model should be included within the scope of the patent application of this utility model.

Claims

1. A DMS vehicle-mounted host power supply plug, comprising a connector (1), a switch (2), a fuse (3), a circuit board, an indicator light circuit (4), and a panel (5), wherein the connector (1) is connected to the train's DC 110V power supply, and the other end of the connector (1) is connected via the switch (2) and the fuse (3) to a surge protection circuit, a common-mode filter circuit, and a reverse connection protection circuit, characterized in that, The other end of the reverse connection protection circuit is connected to a soft start circuit (6), which is electrically connected to an isolation circuit (7) and a DC / DC power supply module (8). The isolation circuit (7) detects the current and voltage values ​​of the DC / DC power module (8). The output of the isolation circuit (7) is connected to the MCU chip (9). The DC / DC power module (8) is equipped with a temperature detection circuit (10). The output of the temperature detection circuit (10) is connected to the MCU chip (9). The output terminal of the MCU chip (9) is connected to the control terminal of the DC / DC power module (8), and the output terminal of the DC / DC power module (8) is connected to the output power interface.

2. The DMS vehicle host power supply plug-in according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soft-start circuit (6) includes a MOS transistor soft-start circuit, which includes a MOS transistor. The gate and source of the MOS transistor are connected to a capacitor C1. The capacitor C1 is connected to a reverse connection protection circuit via a voltage divider resistor. The drain of the MOS transistor is connected to an RC circuit consisting of a capacitor C2 and a resistor. The output of the MOS transistor is connected to an isolation circuit (7) and a DC / DC power supply module (8).

3. A DMS vehicle-mounted host power supply plug-in according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation circuit (7) includes a wafer resistor, an operational amplifier follower circuit (701), an APC chip (702), a digital isolation chip (703), a sampling resistor, and a proportional operational amplifier circuit (704). One end of the wafer resistor is connected to the soft-start circuit (6) and the other end is connected to the input terminal of the operational amplifier follower circuit (701). The output terminal of the operational amplifier follower circuit (701) is connected to the digital isolation chip (703) via the APC chip (702) to form a voltage detection circuit. The sampling resistor is connected to the input terminal of the proportional operational amplifier circuit (704), and the output terminal of the proportional operational amplifier circuit (704) is connected to the digital isolation chip (703) via the APC chip (702) to form a current detection circuit; The output of the digital isolation chip (703) is connected to the MCU chip (9).

4. A DMS vehicle-mounted host power supply plug-in according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature detection circuit (10) includes a temperature sensor, which includes a TMP75 module. The TMP75 module is connected to the MCU chip (9) via an I2C serial port.

5. A DMS vehicle-mounted host power supply plug-in according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output terminal of the DC / DC power module (8) is also connected to a supercapacitor (11).

6. A DMS vehicle-mounted host power supply plug-in according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output terminal of the MCU chip (9) is connected to the indicator light circuit (4).

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