Continuous separation and purification device for hydrogen production and carbon product through methane cracking

Abstract

The utility model discloses a methane cracking hydrogen production and carbon product continuous separation and purification device which mainly comprises a methane cracking reaction part for providing a reaction space for methane cracking reaction, a carbon product separation and collection part for realizing separation of a carbon product and metal catalyst impurities and facilitating collection of the carbon product, and a carbon product separation and collection part for realizing separation of the carbon product and metal catalyst impurities. The catalyst feeding part is used for timely supplementing a catalyst consumed in the reaction process, and the gas circulating part is used for recycling uncracked methane, improving the yield of hydrogen production through methane cracking and reducing methane gas waste. According to the utility model, methane is cyclically cracked in the molten metal catalyst, so that the methane cracking efficiency is improved; by collecting and purifying a carbon product, the operation cost is reduced, the hydrogen purity is improved, clean energy is generated, and carbon-free emission of energy is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen production from methane, especially to a hydrogen production from methane cracking and carbon product continuous separation and purification device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the background of global warming and frequent extreme weather, the demand for global energy transformation is increasingly urgent, and the hydrogen production from methane cracking and carbon material process is one of the important technologies to cope with global climate change and energy transformation. Due to the problem of CO2 emission, the traditional steam methane reforming (SMR) process needs to be combined with carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology, which leads to an increase of about 60% in cost. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a green and low-carbon hydrogen production process from methane.

[0003] Methane cracking decomposes methane into hydrogen and solid carbon, and this reaction does not directly produce CO2 and does not require CCS technology, which can simplify the process flow. Compared with the SMR process, the main advantage of the hydrogen production process from methane cracking is that it can reduce more than 75% of greenhouse gas emissions during the hydrogen production process. Even if natural gas is used as a heat source, the carbon emissions of the hydrogen production process from methane cracking are much lower than those of the SMR process. However, the existing hydrogen production technology from methane cracking is not mature, and the sustainability of the hydrogen production equipment needs to be improved.

[0004] The hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production process from methane cracking has high purity and has the potential to produce a variety of high-value carbon materials, such as amorphous carbon black, highly specialized graphene, carbon nanotubes and fibers, which can be widely used in the fields of rubber, batteries and chips, etc.

[0005] Integrating the carbon production from methane cracking with the continuous separation and purification technology of carbon is beneficial to the long-term continuous operation of the methane cracking device, reduces energy consumption and the production cost of methane cracking, and is beneficial to the promotion and application of the hydrogen production technology from methane cracking in the market. The hydrogen production device from methane cracking and carbon separation is expected to become an environmentally friendly and economical hydrogen production method in the future. However, there are still problems such as difficulty in separating solid carbon during the methane cracking process and high cost of hydrogen production from cracking in the prior art. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0006] The utility model aims at providing a hydrogen production from methane cracking and carbon product continuous separation and purification device, which solves the problems of difficulty in separating solid carbon during the methane cracking process and difficulty in long-term operation of the cracking device, and realizes large-scale application of the methane cracking technology.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

[0008] The application discloses a device for continuously separating and purifying hydrogen and carbon products produced by cracking methane, which comprises a quartz tube, a bubbler arranged at the bottom of the quartz tube, a gas outlet pipe arranged at the upper end of the quartz tube, and a lower gas inlet pipe arranged at the bottom of the quartz tube and communicated with the bubbler, wherein the quartz tube is wrapped with a heating and heat-insulating component, and the upper part of the quartz tube is connected to the lower gas inlet pipe through a gas circulation component.

[0009] In some embodiments, the heating and heat-insulating component comprises a protective layer wrapped around the quartz tube, and an inductive heating coil arranged at the outer periphery of the protective layer. The metal catalyst in the quartz tube is heated to a molten state by the inductive heating coil, and the molten metal catalyst is used for cracking methane gas.

[0010] In some embodiments, a heat-insulating layer is arranged between the inductive heating coil and the protective layer. The heat-insulating layer is used for maintaining the temperature of the metal catalyst in the quartz tube.

[0011] In some embodiments, the bottom of the quartz tube is provided with a step, and a supporting base is arranged at the step and located on the inner wall of the bottom of the protective layer, so that the quartz tube is fixed by the protective layer.

[0012] In some embodiments, the gas circulation component comprises a magnetic filtering elbow and a circulation conduit which are communicated with each other, and a carbon collection box is arranged at the connection position of the magnetic filtering elbow and the circulation conduit, so as to collect pure carbon products. The other end of the magnetic filtering elbow is connected to the quartz tube, and the other end of the circulation conduit is connected to the lower gas inlet pipe. The methane gas can be recycled by the magnetic filtering elbow and the circulation conduit, so that the methane gas can be fully cracked.

[0013] In some embodiments, a magnetic field coil and a storage tube are arranged on the magnetic filtering elbow, and the storage tube is arranged on the magnetic filtering elbow between the magnetic field coil and the carbon collection box. When the magnetic field coil is electrified, a magnetic field is generated, and a deflection force is exerted on the carbon products blown into the magnetic filtering elbow. When the carbon products containing the metal catalyst wrapped by the carbon are blown out, the carbon products are more affected by the gravity and the deflection force of the magnetic field, and thus the carbon products fall into the storage tube more quickly.

[0014] In some embodiments, a filter membrane is arranged at the connection position of the circulation conduit and the carbon collection box, so as to prevent the carbon products from passing through under the condition that the gas can pass through smoothly, and to filter the gas. A linkage switch is arranged at the connection position of the circulation conduit and the lower gas inlet pipe, the charging funnel and the connection position of the magnetic filtering elbow and the quartz tube. The linkage switch can be an electromagnetic valve.

[0015] In some embodiments, a flange is arranged at the upper end of the quartz tube, and a charging funnel and an upper gas inlet pipe are arranged on the flange and communicated with the inside of the quartz tube.

[0016] In some embodiments, the upper gas inlet pipe is a vertical pipe and a horizontal pipe connected in a T-shaped structure, and the horizontal pipe is located at the connection of the magnetic filtering elbow and the quartz pipe. Nitrogen blown through the upper gas inlet pipe blows solid carbon into the magnetic filtering elbow, facilitating the collection of carbon products.

[0017] In some embodiments, the feeding funnel and the gas outlet pipe are both provided with linkage switches, the lower end of the gas outlet pipe is provided with a filter membrane, and the flange is provided with a sealing rubber ring at the connection with the quartz pipe.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of:

[0019] The utility model discloses a device for continuously separating and purifying hydrogen and carbon products produced by cracking methane, which comprises a methane cracking reaction part, a carbon product separation and collection part, a catalyst feeding part and a gas circulation part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a whole structure schematic view of the utility model.

[0021] In the figure: 1, magnetic field coil, 2, storage pipe, 3, magnetic filtering elbow, 4, circulating pipe, 5, filter membrane, 6, carbon collection box, 7, inductive heating coil, 8, heat preservation layer, 9, protective layer, 10, quartz pipe, 11, bubble cap, 12, support base, 13, lower flange plate, 14, bolt, 16, feeding funnel, 17, upper gas inlet pipe, 18, linkage switch, 19, gas outlet pipe, 20, sealing rubber ring, 21, upper flange plate, 22, lower gas inlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the utility model.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 1 A device for continuously separating and purifying hydrogen and carbon products produced by cracking methane, which mainly comprises a methane cracking reaction part for providing a reaction space for the cracking reaction of methane, a carbon product separation and collection part for separating carbon products from metal catalyst impurities and facilitating the collection of carbon products, a catalyst feeding part for supplementing catalyst consumed in the reaction, a gas circulation part for recycling uncracked methane, improving the yield of hydrogen produced by cracking methane and reducing methane gas waste.

[0024] Specifically, the methane cracking reaction component includes a quartz tube 10, which is an open and hollow tubular body, and a molten metal catalyst for reaction is contained in the quartz tube 10, and a bubbler 11 is arranged at the bottom of the quartz tube 10. The outer periphery of the quartz tube 10 is wrapped with a protective layer 9, which is made of refractory material, and specifically, refractory bricks can be used. The lower end of the quartz tube 10 is provided with a step, so that the opening at the lower end is smaller than the opening at the upper end, and a lower gas inlet pipe 22 is arranged at the opening at the lower end. A support base 12 is arranged at the step, which facilitates the overall support of the quartz tube 10 by the protective layer 9.

[0025] The outer periphery of the protective layer 9 is wrapped with a heat preservation layer 8, and an inductive heating coil 7 is mounted on the outer periphery of the heat preservation layer 8. The metal catalyst in the quartz tube 10 is heated by the inductive heating coil 7 to a predetermined temperature, so that the metal catalyst becomes molten, and the temperature is kept stable by the heat preservation layer 8.

[0026] The catalyst feeding component includes a flange arranged at the upper end opening of the quartz tube 10, which includes a lower flange plate 13 and an upper flange plate 21 connected by bolts 14, and the upper flange plate 21 is used to seal the upper end opening of the quartz tube 10. A sealing rubber ring 20 is mounted between the lower flange plate 13 and the upper flange plate 21, which ensures the airtightness of the seal.

[0027] The flange is provided with a feeding funnel 16 for adding metal catalyst, an upper gas inlet pipe 17 for nitrogen inlet, and a gas outlet pipe 19 for hydrogen outlet, and one end of the feeding funnel 16, the upper gas inlet pipe 17, and the gas outlet pipe 19 extends into the interior of the quartz tube 10.

[0028] The end of the gas outlet pipe 19 extending into the interior of the quartz tube 10 is provided with a filter membrane 5 for filtering solid carbon in the gas, and a linkage switch 18 is mounted on the feeding funnel 16 and the gas outlet pipe 19. The upper gas inlet pipe 17 is a vertical pipe and a horizontal pipe connected in a "T" shape.

[0029] The gas circulation component is arranged on both sides of the methane cracking reaction component, and includes a magnetic filtering elbow 3, a circulation conduit 4, and a carbon product separation and collection component arranged on the magnetic filtering elbow 3, which are connected to each other.

[0030] A carbon collection box 6 for collecting pure carbon products is arranged at the connection between the magnetic filtering elbow 3 and the circulation conduit 4, the other end of the magnetic filtering elbow 3 is connected to the quartz tube 10, a filter membrane 5 is arranged at the end of the circulation conduit 4 extending into the carbon collection box 6, and the other end of the circulation conduit 4 is connected to the lower gas inlet pipe 22.

[0031] The linkage switch 18 is installed near one end of the quartz tube 10 and the circulation conduit 4 near one end of the lower air inlet pipe 22.

[0032] The carbon product separation and collection component includes a storage tube 2 installed on the magnetic filtering elbow 3, and a magnetic field coil 1 installed on the magnetic filtering elbow 3 between the storage tube 2 and the linkage switch 18, for applying a deflection force to the carbon product blown into the magnetic filtering elbow 3.

[0033] In a specific embodiment, a controller is further included, which is a single-chip microcomputer or a PLC controller, and the controller is connected to the linkage switch 18 to dynamically control the linkage switch 18, and the linkage switch 18 can be an electromagnetic valve.

[0034] The principle of the utility model is as follows:

[0035] The metal catalyst in the quartz tube 10 is heated to a predetermined temperature by the inductive heating coil 7, so that the metal catalyst becomes a molten state and keeps stable temperature. The mixed gas of methane and argon gas as a protective gas is introduced into the bubbler 11 through the lower air inlet pipe 22, and the mixed gas of methane and argon gas is introduced into the molten metal catalyst in the form of small bubbles through the bubbler 11. The methane gas is cracked at high temperature during the ascending process in the molten metal catalyst, and hydrogen gas and solid carbon are generated.

[0036] Since the solid carbon has the characteristics of light weight, the solid carbon will float together with the hydrogen gas until reaching the surface of the molten metal catalyst. During this process, the linkage switch 18 of the hydrogen outlet 19 keeps closed, and the linkage switches 18 on the magnetic filtering elbow 3 and the gas circulation conduit 4 keep open. At this time, the gas cracked at high temperature re-enters the bubbler 11 through the magnetic filtering elbow 3 and the gas circulation conduit 4, and then is introduced into the molten metal catalyst for cracking again, so as to improve the yield of hydrogen production by methane cracking.

[0037] For the collection of carbon products, solid carbon floating on the surface of molten metal catalyst will gradually accumulate as the pyrolysis reaction continues. When the carbon product accumulates to a certain amount, the argon gas blown in through the blowing pipe 17 will blow the solid carbon into the magnetic filter elbow 3. In addition, part of the carbon product will also be brought into the magnetic filter elbow 3 when the mixed gas after the pyrolysis reaction enters the gas circulation conduit 4. The outer layer of the magnetic filter elbow 3 is provided with a magnetic field coil 1. When energized, the magnetic field coil 1 generates a magnetic field, which exerts a deflection force on the carbon product blown into the magnetic filter elbow 3. When the metal catalyst wrapped in carbon is blown in, it is more affected by gravity and the magnetic field deflection force, and will fall faster into the storage pipe 2, while the lighter pure carbon product will enter the carbon collection box 6, thereby realizing the removal of carbon products, the separation of carbon products and metal catalysts, and the collection of carbon products.

[0038] When the methane repeatedly passes through high-temperature pyrolysis to achieve a good cracking rate, the linkage switch 18 on the hydrogen gas outlet pipe 19 and the gas circulation conduit 4 is opened, and the linkage switch 18 at the magnetic filter elbow 3 is closed. The hydrogen gas generated after the methane pyrolysis is discharged through the hydrogen gas outlet pipe 19 for collection. In addition, filter membranes 5 are installed at the interfaces of the hydrogen gas outlet pipe 19 and the gas circulation conduit 4 with the carbon collection box 6, which prevent carbon products from passing through while ensuring that gas can pass through smoothly, achieving the purpose of filtering gas. A funnel 16 for adding metal catalyst is installed on the flange at the upper end of the quartz tube, which contains a prepared metal catalyst. The opening and closing of the funnel 16 can be controlled through the linkage switch 18. During the methane pyrolysis process, a small part of the molten metal catalyst will be blown out and consumed together with the carbon product. When the metal catalyst is consumed to a certain extent, the funnel 16 is opened through the linkage switch 18 to add metal catalyst. The catalyst is added through the linkage switch 18, and when the catalyst is added to a certain amount, the linkage switch 18 closes the funnel to stop adding catalyst. In this way, the metal catalyst can be supplemented without stopping the pyrolysis reaction device, avoiding energy loss caused by stopping and starting the methane pyrolysis reaction device for adding catalyst, achieving a certain degree of automation, and reducing labor input.

Claims

1. A device for continuous separation and purification of hydrogen and carbon products produced by methane cracking, comprising a quartz tube (10), a bubbler (11) being arranged at the bottom of the quartz tube (10), a gas outlet tube (19) being arranged at the upper end of the quartz tube (10), and a lower gas inlet tube (22) being arranged at the bottom of the quartz tube (10) and communicating with the bubbler (11), characterized in that, The quartz tube (10) is wrapped with a heating and heat-insulating component, and the upper part of the quartz tube (10) is connected to the lower air inlet tube (22) through a gas circulation component.

2. A device for continuous separation and purification of hydrogen and carbon products from methane cracking according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating and heat-insulating component comprises a protective layer (9) wrapped around the quartz tube (10), and the protective layer (9) is provided with an inductive heating coil (7) on the outer periphery.

3. A device for continuous separation and purification of hydrogen and carbon products from methane cracking according to claim 2, characterized in that, A heat-insulating layer (8) is arranged between the inductive heating coil (7) and the protective layer (9).

4. A device for continuous separation and purification of hydrogen and carbon products from methane cracking according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the quartz tube (10) is provided with a step, and a supporting base (12) is arranged at the step and located on the inner wall of the bottom of the protective layer (9).

5. A device for continuous separation and purification of hydrogen and carbon products from methane cracking according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas circulation component comprises a magnetic filtering elbow (3) and a circulation conduit (4) which are connected to each other, and a carbon collection box (6) is arranged at the connection of the magnetic filtering elbow (3) and the circulation conduit (4), one end of the magnetic filtering elbow (3) is connected to the quartz tube (10), and the other end of the circulation conduit (4) is connected to the lower air inlet tube (22).

6. A device for continuous separation and purification of hydrogen and carbon products from methane cracking according to claim 5, characterized in that, A magnetic field coil (1) and a storage tube (2) are arranged on the magnetic filtering elbow (3), and the storage tube (2) is arranged on the magnetic filtering elbow (3) between the magnetic field coil (1) and the carbon collection box (6).

7. A device for continuous separation and purification of hydrogen and carbon products from methane cracking according to claim 5, characterized in that, A filter membrane (5) is arranged at the connection of the circulation conduit (4) and the carbon collection box (6), and linkage switches (18) are arranged at the connection of the circulation conduit (4) and the lower air inlet tube (22) and at the connection of the magnetic filtering elbow (3) and the quartz tube (10).

8. A device for continuous separation and purification of hydrogen and carbon products from methane cracking according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flange is arranged at the upper end of the quartz tube (10), and a feeding funnel (16) and an upper air inlet tube (17) are arranged on the flange and communicate with the inside of the quartz tube (10).

9. A device for continuous separation and purification of hydrogen and carbon products from methane cracking according to claim 8, characterized in that, The upper air inlet tube (17) is a vertical tube and a horizontal tube which are connected in a "T" shape, and the horizontal tube is located at the connection of the magnetic filtering elbow (3) and the quartz tube (10).

10. The apparatus for continuous separation and purification of hydrogen and carbon products from methane cracking according to claim 8, wherein, The feeding funnel (16) and the air outlet tube (19) are provided with linkage switches (18), the lower end of the air outlet tube (19) is provided with a filter membrane (5), and a sealing rubber ring (20) is arranged at the connection of the flange and the quartz tube (10).

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