Wheel driving device and electric automobile

Abstract

The utility model provides a wheel driving device and an electric vehicle. The wheel driving device is configured to be connected to the power source and the wheel, and the power source and the wheel are configured to be relatively movable in the radial direction. The electric automobile provided by the utility model can comprise the wheel driving device. According to the wheel driving device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the radial relative movement between the power source and the wheel can be realized, and the comfort of the vehicle is improved. A universal joint can be omitted, and the axial space between a power source and wheels is saved. The electric vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention has the above advantages due to the wheel driving device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of automobiles, in particular to a wheel drive device and an electric vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] A wheel drive system is disclosed in US20230311646A1, which includes a motor, a sun gear, a ring gear, a wheel, a gear and a linkage to form a drive train. Its advantages include: allowing radial relative movement between the wheel and the motor; saving the universal joint and half shaft in the traditional automobile, saving the axial space; the motor and the sun gear are supported on the subframe, compared with the prior art of setting the motor on the wheel, the unsprung mass is reduced, and the driving stability is improved.

[0003] However, it still has some problems, for example:

[0004] (1) More gear pairs need to be engaged, the power transmission path is longer, causing meshing loss and low transmission efficiency.

[0005] (2) All gears need to be engaged with at least two gears, gears are prone to damage, reducing service life.

[0006] (3) When the wheel and the motor move radially relative to each other, the gears and linkages in the drive train will also move, and the stiffness of the linkage drive system is poor, requiring an axial support structure, which is prone to wear.

[0007] (4) In addition to the motor and the sun gear, other drive system components are connected to the suspension system, and the unsprung mass is relatively large, which has further improvement space.

[0008] (5) The sun gear is connected to multiple (e.g., three) linkages, which need to be axially offset, causing the axial space required by the drive system to increase with the number of linkages.

[0009] (6) The space for setting the ring gear is limited, the design difficulty of the gear setting is great, the transmission is low, and the NVH (noise, vibration, and roughness) performance is poor. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0010] In order to solve or alleviate at least one of the technical problems mentioned in the background art, the present application provides a wheel drive device and an electric vehicle.

[0011] The wheel drive device provided by Embodiment 1 of the present application comprises:

[0012] a ring gear for coaxial transmission connection to a wheel;

[0013] a sun gear for connection to a power source; and

[0014] at least one transmission train through which the sun gear is able to transmit power to the ring gear, the transmission train comprising:

[0015] a first planetary gear, a first carrier, the first planetary gear being rotationally connected to the first carrier, the first carrier being configured to be rotationally connected to an output shaft of the power source, or to a housing of the power source, or to a vehicle body, such that the first planetary gear is in mesh with the sun gear;

[0016] a transmission gear, a first connecting rod, a shaft of the transmission gear and a shaft of the first planetary gear being rotationally connected to the first connecting rod, the transmission gear being in mesh with the first planetary gear;

[0017] a second planetary gear, a second connecting rod, a shaft of the second planetary gear and a shaft of the transmission gear being rotationally connected to the second connecting rod, the second planetary gear being in mesh with the transmission gear; and

[0018] a second carrier, the second carrier being configured to be coaxial with the ring gear, the second planetary gear being rotationally supported by the second carrier about an axis of the second carrier, the second planetary gear being in mesh with the ring gear.

[0019] The wheel drive device provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application comprises:

[0020] a ring gear, the ring gear being configured to be coaxially transmissionally connected to a wheel;

[0021] a sun gear, the sun gear being configured to be connected to a power source; and

[0022] at least one transmission train through which the sun gear is able to transmit power to the ring gear, the transmission train comprising:

[0023] a first planetary gear, a second planetary gear, a third planetary gear, a first connecting rod, a shaft of the sun gear, a shaft of the first planetary gear, a shaft of the second planetary gear, a shaft of the third planetary gear being rotationally connected to the first connecting rod, the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear being coaxially transmissionally connected, the first planetary gear being in mesh with the sun gear, the second planetary gear being in mesh with the third planetary gear;

[0024] The fourth planetary gear, the fifth planetary gear, the sixth planetary gear, the second connecting rod, the shaft of the third planetary gear, the shaft of the fourth planetary gear, the shaft of the fifth planetary gear, and the shaft of the sixth planetary gear are rotationally connected to the second connecting rod, the fourth planetary gear and the fifth planetary gear are coaxially connected, the fourth planetary gear is engaged with the third planetary gear, and the fifth planetary gear is engaged with the sixth planetary gear; and

[0025] The planet carrier is coaxially arranged with the ring gear, and the sixth planetary gear is rotationally supported on the planet carrier and engaged with the ring gear.

[0026] The wheel driving device provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application comprises:

[0027] The hub sprocket is coaxially connected to the wheel;

[0028] The sun gear is connected to the power source; and

[0029] The transmission system, through which the sun gear transmits power to the hub sprocket, comprises:

[0030] The first sprocket is driven by the sun gear;

[0031] The second sprocket, the third sprocket, the first connecting rod, and the first chain, the shaft of the first sprocket and the shaft of the second sprocket are rotationally connected to the first connecting rod, the second sprocket and the third sprocket are coaxially connected, and the first sprocket is connected to the second sprocket through the first chain; and

[0032] The second connecting rod and the second chain, the shaft of the third sprocket and the shaft of the hub sprocket are rotationally connected to the second connecting rod, and the third sprocket is connected to the hub sprocket through the second chain.

[0033] The wheel driving device provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application comprises:

[0034] The planetary gear mechanism comprises a sun gear, a planetary gear, and a ring gear, the sun gear is connected to the power source; and

[0035] A plurality of shock absorbers, one end of each of which is connected to the ring gear, and the other end of each of which is connected to the rim of the wheel, the plurality of shock absorbers are equidistantly spaced in the circumferential direction of the ring gear,

[0036] The sun gear transmits power to the rim via the planetary gear, the ring gear, and the shock absorbers.

[0037] Further, the wheel drive device comprises a planet carrier configured coaxially with the ring gear,

[0038] The planet gear comprises a first planet gear and a second planet gear, the first planet gear and the second planet gear are coaxially connected and are rotatably supported on the planet carrier, the first planet gear is engaged with the sun gear, and the second planet gear is engaged with the ring gear.

[0039] Embodiment 5 of the present application provides a wheel drive device comprising:

[0040] a ring gear coaxially connected to a wheel;

[0041] a first link carrier connected to a power source; and

[0042] at least one drive train through which the first link carrier transmits power to the ring gear, the drive train comprising:

[0043] a second link carrier and a first parallelogram link, the first link carrier driving the second link carrier to rotate via the first parallelogram link; and

[0044] a planet gear and a planet carrier, the second link carrier being connected to the planet gear, the planet gear being rotatably connected to the planet carrier, the planet carrier being configured coaxially with the ring gear, and the planet gear being engaged with the ring gear.

[0045] Further, the drive train comprises:

[0046] a straight link, the shaft of the second link carrier and the shaft of the planet gear being rotatably connected to the straight link;

[0047] a planet sprocket coaxially connected to the planet gear, and a chain, the second link carrier being formed as a sprocket and being connected to the planet sprocket via the chain.

[0048] Further, the drive train comprises a second parallelogram link, the second link carrier and the planet gear being connected via the second parallelogram link, so that the second link carrier drives the planet gear to rotate via the second parallelogram link.

[0049] Further, the drive train comprises a straight link, the shaft of the second link carrier and the shaft of the planet gear being rotatably connected to the straight link, and the second link carrier being formed as a gear and being engaged with the planet gear.

[0050] The electric vehicle provided in the application comprises the wheel driving device as described above.

[0051] The wheel driving device provided in the embodiments of the application can realize the radial relative movement between the power source and the wheel, thus increasing the comfort of the vehicle. The universal joint can be omitted, thus saving the axial space between the power source and the wheel.

[0052] The electric vehicle provided in the embodiments of the application also has the advantages of the wheel driving device as described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0053] FIG. 1A A front view schematic diagram of the wheel driving device according to Embodiment 1 of the application is shown.

[0054] FIG. 1B A side view schematic diagram of the wheel driving device according to Embodiment 1 of the application is shown.

[0055] FIG. 1C A schematic diagram of a vehicle provided with the wheel driving device according to Embodiment 1 of the application in a bumping state is shown.

[0056] FIG. 2A A front view schematic diagram of the wheel driving device according to Embodiment 2 of the application is shown.

[0057] FIG. 2B A side view schematic diagram of the wheel driving device according to Embodiment 2 of the application is shown.

[0058] FIG. 2C A diagram of the gear meshing relationship of the wheel driving device according to Embodiment 2 of the application is shown.

[0059] FIG. 2D A schematic diagram of a vehicle provided with the wheel driving device according to Embodiment 2 of the application in a bumping state is shown.

[0060] FIG. 2E A front view schematic diagram of the wheel driving device according to Embodiment 2 of the application provided with only one drive train is shown.

[0061] FIG. 3A A front view schematic diagram of the wheel driving device according to Embodiment 3 of the application is shown.

[0062] FIG. 3B A side view schematic diagram of the wheel driving device according to Embodiment 3 of the application is shown.

[0063] FIG. 3C A schematic diagram of a vehicle provided with the wheel driving device according to Embodiment 3 of the application in a bumping state is shown.

[0064] FIG. 3DA front view schematic diagram of a wheel drive device according to Embodiment 3 of the present application is shown, which planetary carrier is connected to a vehicle body.

[0065] FIG. 3E A front view schematic diagram of a wheel drive device according to Embodiment 3 of the present application is shown, which planetary carrier is connected to a vehicle body. FIG. 3D A side view schematic diagram of a wheel drive device in

[0066] FIG. 3F A front view schematic diagram of a wheel drive device according to Embodiment 3 of the present application is shown, which planetary carrier is connected to a vehicle body.

[0067] FIG. 3G A front view schematic diagram of a wheel drive device according to Embodiment 3 of the present application is shown, which planetary carrier is connected to a vehicle body. FIG. 3F A side view schematic diagram of a wheel drive device in

[0068] FIG. 4A A front view schematic diagram of a wheel drive device according to Embodiment 4 of the present application is shown.

[0069] FIG. 4B A side view schematic diagram of a wheel drive device according to Embodiment 4 of the present application is shown.

[0070] FIG. 4C A schematic diagram of a vehicle in a jolt state mounted with a wheel drive device according to Embodiment 4 of the present application is shown.

[0071] FIG. 4D A front view schematic diagram of a wheel drive device according to Embodiment 4 of the present application is shown, which planetary gear is engaged with both ring gear and sun gear.

[0072] FIG. 5A A front view schematic diagram of a wheel drive device according to Embodiment 5 of the present application is shown.

[0073] FIG. 5B A side view schematic diagram of a wheel drive device according to Embodiment 5 of the present application is shown.

[0074] FIG. 5C A schematic diagram of a vehicle in a jolt state mounted with a wheel drive device according to Embodiment 5 of the present application is shown.

[0075] FIG. 6A A front view schematic diagram of a wheel drive device according to Embodiment 5 of the present application is shown, which includes a second parallelogram link.

[0076] FIG. 6B A front view schematic diagram of a wheel drive device according to Embodiment 5 of the present application is shown, which includes a second parallelogram link. FIG. 6A A side view schematic diagram of a wheel drive device in

[0077] FIG. 6C A schematic diagram of a vehicle in a jolt state mounted with a wheel drive device in FIG. 6A

[0078] ​FIG. 7A A front view schematic diagram of a wheel drive device according to Embodiment 5 of the present application is shown, which includes a second straight link.

[0079] FIG. 7B A side view schematic diagram of the wheel drive device in FIG. 7A is shown.

[0080] FIG. 7C A schematic diagram of a vehicle in a bumping state is shown, in which the wheel drive device in FIG. 7A is installed.

[0081] FIG. 7D A front view schematic diagram of a wheel drive device according to Embodiment 5 of the present application is shown, which includes a first planetary gear and a second planetary gear coaxially connected.

[0082] FIG. 7E A side view schematic diagram of the wheel drive device in FIG. 7D is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0083] The exemplary embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific description is only for teaching the person skilled in the art how to implement the present application, and is not intended to exhaust all possible ways of the present application, nor to limit the scope of the present application.

[0084] The embodiments of the present application provide a wheel drive device and an electric vehicle.

[0085] In order to achieve the foregoing purposes, the present application provides the following embodiments.

[0086] Embodiment 1

[0087] Referring to FIGS. 1A-1C , the wheel drive device can include a ring gear 101, a sun gear 102, and at least one drive train. The ring gear 101 is configured to be coaxially connected to a wheel 103. The sun gear 102 is configured to be connected to a power source 104, which can be an electric motor, and can be fixed to a vehicle body 105 (e.g., a subframe). The sun gear 102 can transmit power to the ring gear 101 through the drive train.

[0088] Taking one of the drive trains as an example, the drive train can include a first planetary gear 111 and a first planet carrier 112. The first planetary gear 111 is rotatably connected to the first planet carrier 112, and the first planet carrier 112 is configured to be rotatably connected to an output shaft of the power source 104, or to a housing of the power source 104, or to the vehicle body 105, so that the first planetary gear 111 is engaged with the sun gear 102.

[0089] Therefore, the first planet carrier 112 and the first planet gear 111 can all serve as on-spring mass, reducing off-spring mass and improving stability compared to the background art.

[0090] The transmission system can further include a transmission wheel 113 (also referred to as pinion) and a first connecting rod 114. The shaft of the transmission wheel 113 and the shaft of the first planet gear 111 are rotationally connected to the first connecting rod 114, and the transmission wheel 113 is engaged with the first planet gear 111. The connecting rod can maintain the two gears at an appropriate distance and maintain the engagement state (as described below).

[0091] The transmission system can further include a second planet gear 115 and a second connecting rod 116. The shaft of the second planet gear 115 and the shaft of the transmission wheel 113 are rotationally connected to the second connecting rod 116, and the second planet gear 115 is engaged with the transmission wheel 113.

[0092] The transmission system can further include a second planet carrier 117. The second planet carrier 117 is configured to be coaxial with the ring gear 101, and the second planet gear 115 is rotationally supported on the second planet carrier 117 about an axis of the second planet carrier 117, and the second planet gear 115 is engaged with the ring gear 101.

[0093] The above structure allows the ring gear 101 and the sun gear 102 to move relative to each other in the radial direction, and the transmission system can be configured to allow the sun gear 102 to move relative to the ring gear 101 in the axial direction. FIG. 1C When the three road conditions shown are passed, the wheels (which are relatively stationary with respect to the ring gear 101) follow the road, and the body (which corresponds to the position of the sun gear 102) is relatively less jolted, and the comfort is better.

[0094] Compared to the background art, in one transmission system, the transmission system of the present application has fewer gears, the power transmission path is shorter, the engagement loss is reduced, and the transmission efficiency is higher. Due to the reduction in the number of gears, the cost can be correspondingly reduced, and the overall reliability is improved.

[0095] Since the first connecting rod 114 does not need to be connected to the sun gear 102 and can be coplanar, the axial size required by the transmission system is relatively small. Increasing the number of transmission systems (if the circumferential direction space allows), does not increase the axial size because the connecting rods of each transmission system need to be rotationally connected to the shaft of the sun gear.

[0096] Further, the wheel drive device can include a suspension system 120, and the second planet carrier 117 can be rotationally supported on the suspension system 120, so that the second planet gear 115 on the second planet carrier 117 can always be engaged with the ring gear 101.

[0097] It can be understood that based on the purpose of keeping the picture clear, the drawings of the embodiments and subsequent embodiments omit part of the structure, and the specific structure can be described in words.

[0098] Embodiment 2

[0099] See FIGS. 2A-2E The wheel drive unit may include a ring gear 201, a sun gear 202, and at least one transmission system.

[0100] The ring gear 201 is coaxially connected to the wheel 203. The sun gear 202 is connected to the power source 204, which can be an electric motor and can be fixed to the vehicle body 205 (e.g., subframe). The sun gear 202 transmits power to the ring gear 201 through the transmission system.

[0101] Taking one of the transmission systems as an example, the transmission system may include a first planetary gear 211, a second planetary gear 212, a third planetary gear 213, and a first connecting rod 214. The shafts of the sun gear 202, the first planetary gear 211, the second planetary gear 212, and the third planetary gear 213 are rotatably connected to the first connecting rod 214. The first planetary gear 211 and the second planetary gear 212 are coaxially connected, with the first planetary gear 211 meshing with the sun gear 202 and the second planetary gear 212 meshing with the third planetary gear 213.

[0102] The first planetary gear 211 and the second planetary gear 212 can be gears with different numbers of teeth, and the two gears can be integrally formed or connected to form a double gear.

[0103] The transmission system may further include a fourth planetary gear 215, a fifth planetary gear 216, a sixth planetary gear 217, and a second connecting rod 218. The shafts of the third planetary gear 213, the fourth planetary gear 215, the fifth planetary gear 216, and the sixth planetary gear 217 are rotatably connected to the second connecting rod 218. The fourth planetary gear 215 and the fifth planetary gear 216 are coaxially connected, with the fourth planetary gear 215 meshing with the third planetary gear 213 and the fifth planetary gear 216 meshing with the sixth planetary gear 217.

[0104] The transmission system may also include a planet carrier 221, which is configured to be coaxial with the ring gear 201, and a sixth planetary gear 217 is rotatably supported on the planet carrier 221 and meshes with the ring gear 201.

[0105] The above structure allows the gear ring 201 and the sun gear 202 to move relative to each other in the radial direction, after, for example... FIG. 2D In the three road conditions shown, the wheels (stationary relative to the gear ring 201) follow the undulations of the road, while the body (corresponding to the position of the sun gear 202) experiences relatively less bumping, resulting in better comfort. Since universal joints are not required, the transmission system is located within the wheels 203, reducing the axial space between the power source 204 and the wheels 203, thus making the chassis space more compact.

[0106] The application can avoid the state that one gear simultaneously meshes with two other gears in the prior art, and reduce gear wear. The moving space of the connecting rod and the gear is larger, the relative movement range of the gear ring 201 and the sun gear 202 is larger, which facilitates the design of the gear, facilitates the control of the speed ratio, and the NVH performance of the gear is better.

[0107] Further, the gear ring 201 can be provided with internal teeth (as shown in FIG. 2A The sixth planetary gear 217 is internally meshed with the gear ring 201. Of course, the gear ring 201 can also be provided with external teeth, and correspondingly the sixth planetary gear 217 is externally meshed with the gear ring 201.

[0108] Further, the sun gear 202 and the sixth planetary gear 217 can have the same number of teeth, the second planetary gear 212 and the fourth planetary gear 215 can have the same number of teeth, and the first planetary gear 211 and the fifth planetary gear 216 can have the same number of teeth, so as to ensure smooth operation of the gears.

[0109] Further, referring to FIG. 2B The wheel drive device can include a suspension system 220, and the carrier 221 can be connected to the suspension system 220, so that the carrier 221 can be supported axially and radially, and the sixth planetary gear 217 on the carrier 221 can always mesh with the gear ring 201.

[0110] Further, the wheel 203 can include a tire 230.

[0111] Further, the wheel drive device can include a brake device 250, which can include a brake first end 251 and a brake second end 252 that can be relatively engaged or separated, the brake first end 251 is connected to the carrier 221, and the brake second end 252 is connected to the gear ring 201. When the vehicle is normally running, the brake first end 251 and the brake second end 252 are separated, and the carrier 221 and the gear ring 201 normally move relative to each other; when the vehicle is braking, the brake first end 251 and the brake second end 252 are engaged, and the non-rotating carrier 221 and the rotating gear ring 201 are engaged at this time via the friction or electromagnetic force of the brake device 250, so that the gear ring 201 and the corresponding wheel 203 are stopped.

[0112] Further, the number of drive trains can be increased or decreased. For example FIG. 2A Two drive trains can be provided. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 2E Only one drive train can be provided, and in this case, in order to maintain balance, two balance gears that mesh with the gear ring 201 can be provided on the carrier 221, i.e. FIG. 2BThe first balance gear 261 and the second balance gear 262 are shown. The first balance gear 261, the second balance gear 262 and the sixth planetary gear 217 can be arranged at equal intervals to uniformly apply force to the ring gear 201.

[0113] Embodiment 3

[0114] Referring to FIGS. 3A-3G , the wheel driving device can include a hub sprocket 301, a sun gear 302 and a transmission system. The hub sprocket 301 is configured to be coaxially connected to a wheel 303, the sun gear 302 is configured to be connected to a power source 304, and the power source 304 can be an electric motor, which can be arranged on a vehicle body 305. The sun gear 302 transmits power to the hub sprocket 301 through the transmission system.

[0115] The transmission system can include a first sprocket 311, and the sun gear 302 is configured to drive the first sprocket 311.

[0116] The transmission system can further include a second sprocket 312, a third sprocket 313, a first connecting rod 314 and a first chain 315. The shaft of the first sprocket 311 and the shaft of the second sprocket 312 are rotatably connected to the first connecting rod 314, the second sprocket 312 and the third sprocket 313 are coaxially connected, and the first sprocket 311 is drivingly connected to the second sprocket 312 through the first chain 315.

[0117] The transmission system can further include a second connecting rod 316 and a second chain 317. The shaft of the third sprocket 313 and the shaft of the hub sprocket 301 are rotatably connected to the second connecting rod 316, and the third sprocket 313 is drivingly connected to the hub sprocket 301 through the second chain 317.

[0118] The above structure allows the hub sprocket 301 and the sun gear 302 to move relative to each other in the radial direction, and when passing through, for example FIG. 3C three road conditions shown, the wheel (static relative to the hub sprocket 301) follows the road, while the body (corresponding to the position of the sun gear 302) has relatively smaller bumps, and the comfort is better. Without the need to set the universal joint, the axial space between the power source 304 and the wheel 303 can be reduced, and the chassis space is more compact.

[0119] Further, for the sun gear 302 configured to drive the first sprocket 311, the following implementation can be realized. Referring to FIG. 3A , FIG. 3B , the transmission system can include a simple planetary gear set, which includes the aforementioned sun gear 302, planetary gears 321, a planet carrier 322 and a ring gear 323. The ring gear 323 is configured to be fixedly connected to the housing of the power source 304 or the vehicle body 305, and the planet carrier 322 is drivingly connected to the first sprocket 311.

[0120] Alternatively, referring toFIG. 3D , FIG. 3E It can FIG. 3A In this embodiment, the planetary carrier 322 is fixedly connected to the housing or body 305 of the power source 304, and the gear ring 323 is driven by the first sprocket 311. By changing the components used for output, the power transmission path and speed ratio can be flexibly adjusted.

[0121] Or see FIG. 3F , FIG. 3G The transmission system may include a single-stage parallel-shaft external meshing gear. For example, the transmission system may include an output gear 331. A sun gear 302 (or a gear connected to the power source) meshes with the output gear 331, and the output gear 331 is coaxially connected to a first sprocket 311. In this embodiment, the output gear 331 can be rotatably supported on the housing or body 305 of the power source 304 to fix the position of the output gear 331.

[0122] The above-mentioned configuration of the sun gear 302 to drive the first sprocket 311 is relatively simple, with low development difficulty, and the speed ratio can be flexibly adjusted according to the usage requirements.

[0123] Further, see FIG. 3B The wheel drive unit may include a support axle 340 and a suspension system 350, and the wheel hub sprocket 301 may be connected to the suspension system 350 via the support axle 340. The support axle 340 and the wheel hub sprocket 301 may be rotatably connected via bearings.

[0124] Furthermore, the wheel drive device may include a braking device 360, which may include a first braking end 361 and a second braking end 362 that can be engaged and disengaged. The first braking end 361 is connected to the wheel 304 (specifically, to the rim of the wheel 304), and the second braking end 362 is connected to the support shaft 340. When braking, the first braking end 361 and the second braking end 362 engage, causing the support shaft 340 and the wheel 304 to engage via friction or electromagnetic force from the braking device 360, thereby stopping the wheel 304 from rotating.

[0125] Example 4

[0126] See FIGS. 4A-4D The wheel drive unit may include a planetary gear mechanism and multiple shock absorbers 402.

[0127] The planetary gear mechanism may include a sun gear 406, planetary gears, and a ring gear 401. The sun gear 406 is used to connect to a power source 407, which may be an electric motor and may be installed on the vehicle body 408.

[0128] The shock absorber 402 is connected to the ring gear 401 at one end and to the rim 404 of the wheel 403 at the other end. A plurality of shock absorbers 402 can be equidistantly spaced in the circumferential direction of the ring gear 401. The shock absorber 402 can be designed to have different lengths (i.e. the length of the shock absorber 402 can be variable) so that the distance between the ring gear 401 and the wheel 403 can be adjusted. The shock absorber 402 can comprise a metal spring and / or a hydraulic spring structure to achieve the variable length.

[0129] The sun gear 406 transmits power to the rim 404 via the planetary gear, the ring gear 401 and the shock absorber 402.

[0130] The above structure allows the ring gear 401 and the wheel 403 to move relative to each other in the radial direction, and when passing through, for example, FIG. 4C the three road conditions shown, the wheel 403 follows the road, while the body 408 (corresponding to the position of the ring gear 401) has relatively smaller bumps and better comfort. Without the need to set up a universal joint, the axial space between the power source 407 and the wheel 403 can be reduced, making the chassis space more compact.

[0131] Further, referring to FIG. 4A , the wheel drive device can comprise a planet carrier 411, a first planetary gear 412 and a second planetary gear 413. The planet carrier 411 is configured to be coaxial with the ring gear 401. The first planetary gear 412 and the second planetary gear 413 are coaxially connected in transmission and are both rotatably supported on the planet carrier 411. The first planetary gear 412 is engaged with the sun gear 406, and the second planetary gear 413 is engaged with the ring gear 401.

[0132] Further, referring to FIG. 4B , the wheel drive device can comprise a suspension system 420, and the planet carrier 411 can be connected to the suspension system 420 so that the planet carrier 411 can be supported axially and radially. It can be understood that the suspension system 420 also comprises a shock absorbing function. By providing two-stage shock absorbing components, i.e. the suspension system 420 and the shock absorber 402, the vehicle can effectively absorb shocks and run smoothly and comfortably.

[0133] Further, the wheel drive device can comprise a brake device 430, which can comprise a brake first end 431 and a brake second end 432 that can be relatively engaged or separated. The brake first end 431 is connected to the planet carrier 411, and the brake second end is connected to the ring gear 401. When braking, the brake first end 431 and the brake second end 432 are engaged, and the ring gear 401 is also stopped due to being connected to the planet carrier 411 and the suspension system 420.

[0134] Further, referring to FIG. 4D , the planet carrier 411 can also be connected to the suspension system 420. FIG. 4AIn the embodiment, the first planetary gear 412 and the second planetary gear 413 of the power train are replaced by a third planetary gear 440. The third planetary gear 440 is in mesh with the sun gear 406 and the ring gear 401 at the same time, and the third planetary gear 440 is rotatably supported on the planet carrier 411.

[0135] Embodiment 5

[0136] Referring to FIGS. 5A-5C , FIGS. 6A-6C , FIGS. 7A-7E The wheel drive device can include the ring gear 501, the first link carrier 511, and at least one power train.

[0137] For example, FIG. 5A , FIG. 5B The ring gear 501 is configured to be coaxially connected to the wheel 503, and the first link carrier 511 is configured to be connected to the power source 504, which can be an electric motor, mounted on the vehicle body 505. The first link carrier 511 transmits power to the ring gear 501 through the power train. The wheel 503 can include a tire 530.

[0138] The power train can include a second link carrier 512 and a first parallelogram link 520. The first parallelogram link 520 includes a first link 521 and a second link 522 that are parallel to each other, and the shaft of the first link carrier 511 and the shaft of the second link carrier 512 are rotatably connected to the first link 521, and the eccentric position of the axial end surface of the first link carrier 511 and the eccentric position of the axial end surface of the second link carrier 512 are rotatably connected to the second link 522.

[0139] The first parallelogram link 520 can further include a third link 523, a fourth link 524, and a fifth link 525 that are parallel to each other, the third link 523 is not parallel to the first link 521, and the third link 523 (e.g., both ends thereof) is rotatably connected to one end of the first link 521 and one end of the second link 522, and the fourth link 524 (e.g., both ends thereof) is rotatably connected to the other end of the first link 521 and the other end of the second link 522. The fifth link 525 is rotatably connected to the first link 521 and the second link 522.

[0140] The power train can further include a planetary gear 531 and a planet carrier 532, the second link carrier 512 is connected to the planetary gear 531, the planetary gear 531 is rotatably supported on the planet carrier 532, and the planet carrier 532 is configured to be coaxial with the ring gear 501, and the planetary gear 531 is in mesh with the ring gear 501.

[0141] Further, the first link carrier 511 can be a disc or other shape.

[0142] The second connecting rod carrier 512 can be driven by the planetary gear 531 in various ways. For example, see... FIGS. 5A-5C The transmission system may further include a first linear connecting rod 541, a planetary sprocket 542, and a chain 543. The shaft of the second connecting rod support 512 and the shaft of the planetary gear 531 are rotatably connected to the first linear connecting rod 541. The planetary sprocket 542 is coaxially connected to the planetary gear 531, and the second connecting rod support 512 is formed as a sprocket and is connected to the planetary sprocket 542 via the chain 543.

[0143] Or see FIGS. 6A-6C The transmission system may include a second parallelogram link 550, which has the same structure as the first parallelogram link 520. The second link carrier 512 and the planetary gear 531 are connected through the second parallelogram link 550.

[0144] Or see FIGS. 7A-7C The transmission system may include a second linear link 560, the shaft of the second link carrier 512 and the shaft of the planetary gear 531 are rotatably connected to the second linear link 560, and the second link carrier 512 is formed as a gear and meshes with the planetary gear 531.

[0145] Or see FIGS. 7D-7E You can also FIGS. 7A-7C In this embodiment, planetary gear 531 is replaced by a first planetary gear 532 and a second planetary gear 533 that are coaxially connected. The first planetary gear 532 meshes with the second connecting rod support 512, and the second planetary gear 533 meshes with the gear ring 501.

[0146] Furthermore, the number of transmission units can be increased or decreased. For example... FIG. 5A As shown, two transmission systems can be configured. When only one transmission system is configured, a balancing planetary gear (not shown in the figure) can be rotatably mounted on the planet carrier 532.

[0147] Further, see FIG. 5B The wheel drive unit may include a suspension system 570, and a planet carrier 532 may be connected to the suspension system 570 so that the planet carrier 532 can be supported axially and radially.

[0148] Further, see FIG. 5BThe wheel driving device can comprise a brake device 580, which can comprise a brake first end 581 and a brake second end 582 capable of relative engagement and separation, the brake first end 581 being connected to the wheel 503 (specifically connected to the rim of the wheel 503), and the brake second end 582 being connected to the planet carrier 532. When braking, the brake first end 581 and the brake second end 582 are engaged, so that the planet carrier 532 and the wheel 503 are engaged, and the wheel 503 stops rotating.

[0149] The electric vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present application can comprise the wheel driving device as described above.

[0150] The above describes the preferred embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A wheel drive apparatus characterized by comprising: Comprising: a ring gear for coaxial driving connection to a wheel; a sun gear for connection to a power source; and at least one drive train through which the sun gear can transmit power to the ring gear, the drive train comprising: a first planetary gear rotatably connected to a first carrier, the first carrier for rotatable connection to an output shaft of the power source, or to a housing of the power source, or to a vehicle body, such that the first planetary gear is in mesh with the sun gear; a driving wheel, an axle of the driving wheel and an axle of the first planetary gear being rotatably connected to a first connecting rod, the driving wheel being in mesh with the first planetary gear; a second planetary gear, an axle of the second planetary gear and an axle of the driving wheel being rotatably connected to a second connecting rod, the second planetary gear being in mesh with the driving wheel; and a second carrier configured to be coaxial with the ring gear, the second planetary gear being rotatably supported about an axis of the second carrier, the second planetary gear being in mesh with the ring gear. Comprising:

2. A wheel drive apparatus characterized by comprising: a ring gear for coaxial driving connection to a wheel; a sun gear for connection to a power source; and at least one drive train through which the sun gear can transmit power to the ring gear, the drive train comprising: a first planetary gear, a second planetary gear, a third planetary gear, a first connecting rod, an axle of the sun gear, an axle of the first planetary gear, an axle of the second planetary gear, an axle of the third planetary gear being rotatably connected to the first connecting rod, the first planetary gear, the second planetary gear being coaxially drivingly connected, the first planetary gear being in mesh with the sun gear, the second planetary gear being in mesh with the third planetary gear; a fourth planetary gear, a fifth planetary gear, a sixth planetary gear, a second connecting rod, an axle of the third planetary gear, an axle of the fourth planetary gear, an axle of the fifth planetary gear, an axle of the sixth planetary gear being rotatably connected to the second connecting rod, the fourth planetary gear, the fifth planetary gear being coaxially drivingly connected, the fourth planetary gear being in mesh with the third planetary gear, the fifth planetary gear being in mesh with the sixth planetary gear; and a carrier configured to be coaxial with the ring gear, the sixth planetary gear being rotatably supported to the carrier and in mesh with the ring gear. Comprising: a hub sprocket for coaxial driving connection to a wheel; 3. A wheel drive apparatus characterized by comprising: a sun gear for connection to a power source; and a drive train through which the sun gear can transmit power to the hub sprocket, the drive train comprising: a first sprocket, the sun gear being configured to drive the first sprocket; ​ ​ ​ a second sprocket, a third sprocket, a first link, a shaft of the first sprocket, a shaft of the second sprocket are rotatably connected to the first link, the second sprocket and the third sprocket are coaxially connected, the first sprocket is connected to the second sprocket through the first chain; a second link, a second chain, a shaft of the third sprocket and a shaft of the hub sprocket are rotatably connected to the second link, the third sprocket is connected to the hub sprocket through the second chain.

4. A wheel drive apparatus characterized by comprising: comprising: a planetary gear mechanism including a sun gear, a planet gear and a ring gear, the sun gear being configured to be connected to a power source; and a plurality of shock absorbers, one end of the shock absorbers being connected to the ring gear, the other end of the shock absorbers being configured to be connected to a rim of a wheel, the plurality of shock absorbers being equidistantly spaced in a circumferential direction of the ring gear, the sun gear transmitting power to the rim via the planet gear, the ring gear and the shock absorbers.

5. The wheel drive apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by the wheel drive device including a carrier configured to be coaxial with the ring gear, the planet gear including a first planet gear and a second planet gear, the first planet gear and the second planet gear being coaxially connected and rotatably supported by the carrier, the first planet gear being engaged with the sun gear, the second planet gear being engaged with the ring gear.

6. A wheel drive apparatus characterized by comprising: comprising: a ring gear configured to be coaxially connected to a wheel; a first link carrier configured to be connected to a power source; and at least one power train by which the first link carrier is configured to transmit power to the ring gear, the power train including: a second link carrier, a first parallelogram link, the first link carrier being configured to drive the second link carrier to rotate via the first parallelogram link; and a planet gear, a carrier, the second link carrier being connected to the planet gear, the planet gear being rotatably connected to the carrier, the carrier being configured to be coaxial with the ring gear, the planet gear being engaged with the ring gear.

7. The wheel drive apparatus according to claim 6, characterized by the power train including: a straight link, a shaft of the second link carrier and a shaft of the planet gear being rotatably connected to the straight link; a planet sprocket, a chain, the planet sprocket being coaxially connected to the planet gear, the second link carrier being formed as a sprocket and being connected to the planet sprocket via the chain.

8. The wheel drive apparatus according to claim 6, characterized by the power train including a second parallelogram link, the second link carrier and the planet gear being connected via the second parallelogram link, so that the second link carrier is configured to drive the planet gear to rotate via the second parallelogram link.

9. The wheel drive apparatus according to claim 6, characterized by the power train including a straight link, a shaft of the second link carrier and a shaft of the planet gear being rotatably connected to the straight link, the second link carrier being formed as a gear and being engaged with the planet gear.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized by the electric vehicle including the wheel drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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