Peak shaving system coupled with multiple energy sources and carbon capture thermal generator set

Abstract

A peak regulation system of a thermal generator set coupled with multiple energy sources and carbon capture comprises a power generation subsystem coupled with multiple energy sources, a chemical adsorption carbon capture subsystem and an electrolyzed water subsystem, and the power generation subsystem generates power through coal, biomass and solid waste mixed incineration and wind and light renewable energy source cooperation; the carbon capture subsystem captures CO2 in incineration flue gas through a chemical adsorbent, and recovers waste heat through a multi-stage heat exchanger; the electrolyzed water subsystem is used for storing surplus electric power and converting the surplus electric power into H2 and O2 and preparing an active adsorbent when the electrical load is reduced, so as to cooperatively reduce the output of the unit; when the electrical load is increased, the stored electric power is transmitted to a power grid, the carbon capture process and waste heat recovery are enhanced by supplementing H2 and O2 and an active adsorbent, and the unit output is synergistically improved. According to the utility model, the power grid peak regulation challenge caused by grid connection of fluctuating renewable energy sources such as high-proportion wind and light and user load fluctuation is effectively relieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of thermal power generating unit peak shaving technology, and specifically relates to a peak shaving system of coupling multiple energy and carbon capture thermal power generating unit. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, the installed capacity of new energy represented by wind power and photovoltaic has rapidly grown, promoting the construction of a "clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient" energy system. By 2035, renewable energy generation will become the main source of electricity. However, wind and photovoltaic power generation is intermittent and volatile, while user electricity demand varies greatly at different times, making it difficult for renewable energy power supply to change synchronously with grid user load, increasing the difficulty of peak shaving for the power system. Therefore, thermal power generating units need more flexible operation modes to adapt to high-proportion renewable energy grid connection, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system.

[0003] The massive emission of CO2 exacerbates the greenhouse effect, leading to a series of environmental problems such as sea level rise, glacier melting, and ocean acidification, causing widespread concern about ecological and environmental changes worldwide. Power plants fueled by fossil energy are one of the main sources of carbon emissions, with CO2 emissions from thermal power generating units accounting for about 40% of global total emissions. In order to achieve carbon neutrality and address climate change goals, carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology has become a key approach. Among them, the chemical adsorption method efficiently separates CO2 in thermal power generating unit flue gas through solid adsorbents, with low energy consumption and cost, simple operation, and reusable adsorbents, making it an important technical means to reduce carbon emissions from thermal power generating units.

[0004] With the acceleration of urbanization, the amount of solid waste is increasing year by year. These solid wastes often contain a large amount of harmful substances. If not properly handled, solid waste accumulation not only occupies a large amount of land resources and wastes valuable resources, but also can cause soil, water and air pollution, thereby posing a potential threat to the ecological environment and human health. Some of the solid waste has a high calorific value and contains organic components, which has certain recycling value. Mixing and incinerating this type of organic solid waste with coal provides an environmentally friendly and economical solution for resource utilization, achieving energy, reduction and harmless treatment of solid waste.

[0005] Future thermal power generating units not only need to couple wind power, photovoltaic, biomass, various organic solid waste and other zero-carbon and low-carbon energy, but also need to couple advanced low-energy carbon capture systems. Under the premise of accommodating high-proportion wind and solar renewable energy, frequent changes in user-side electricity load and the urgent need to reduce carbon capture system energy consumption costs, building a peak shaving system and method suitable for future thermal power generating units has become an important challenge for the successful transformation of energy systems. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to overcome the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of coupled multiple energy and carbon capture thermal power generating unit's peak shaving system, based on the mixed combustion of multiple carbon-containing fuels, combining renewable energy such as wind and light and the carbon capture technology of low energy consumption, effectively solve the peak shaving problem that high proportion wind, light randomness renewable energy and power user load fluctuation bring to future thermal power generating unit, on the premise of realizing wind, light, biomass, organic solid waste and other zero carbon low carbon energy large-scale utilization and reducing CO2 emission, promote the efficient and stable operation of power system.

[0007] The technical scheme adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:

[0008] A kind of coupled multiple energy and carbon capture thermal power generating unit's peak shaving system, including the electronic system of coupling multiple energy, carbon capture subsystem and electrolytic water subsystem,

[0009] The electronic system of coupling multiple energy includes coal bunker, biomass and organic solid waste bunker, incineration boiler, superheater, coal economizer, air preheater, steam turbine, condenser, feed water pump, generator, booster station, air mixer, primary air fan and secondary air fan;The coal bunker and biomass and organic solid waste bunker outlet are connected with incineration boiler feed inlet, and the air mixer is connected with the import of primary air fan and secondary air fan, and the outlet of primary air fan and secondary air fan is connected with the import of incineration boiler;Superheater, coal economizer and air preheater are sequentially arranged in the incineration boiler;The superheater output pipeline is connected with the import of steam turbine;Steam turbine output pipeline, condenser and feed water pump import are sequentially connected;Steam turbine outlet, generator, booster station and grid import are sequentially connected;

[0010] The carbon capture subsystem includes CO2 adsorption reactor, first heat exchanger, second heat exchanger, chimney, CO2 desorption reactor, active adsorbent storage tank, deactivated adsorbent storage tank, third heat exchanger, fourth heat exchanger, condenser, CO2 compressor and CO2 storage tank;The CO2 adsorption reactor import is simultaneously connected with CO2 desorption reactor solid outlet, active adsorbent storage tank outlet and electronic system flue;CO2 adsorption reactor gas outlet, first heat exchanger, second heat exchanger and chimney import are sequentially connected;CO2 adsorption reactor solid outlet is simultaneously connected with CO2 desorption reactor import and deactivated adsorbent storage tank import;CO2 desorption reactor import is also connected with deactivated adsorbent storage tank outlet, CO2 storage tank outlet and electrolytic water subsystem;CO2 desorption reactor gas outlet, third heat exchanger, fourth heat exchanger, condenser, CO2 compressor and CO2 storage tank import are sequentially connected;CO2 desorption reactor solid outlet is also connected with active adsorbent storage tank import;

[0011] The electrolysis water subsystem comprises a rectifier device, an energy storage battery, an electrolytic cell, an H2 storage tank and an O2 storage tank, the rectifier device is connected with the energy storage battery inlet and the wind-solar generator set simultaneously, the energy storage battery outlet is connected with the electrolytic cell inlet; the electrolytic cell outlet is connected with the H2 storage tank inlet, the O2 storage tank inlet and the carbon capture subsystem simultaneously.

[0012] Further, the power generation subsystem coupled with multiple energy sources further comprises a thermal power generator set and renewable energy generator sets such as wind power and photovoltaic power, and the fuel of the thermal power generator set is coal or biomass or waste plastic, waste cloth, sludge and other organic solid waste, and a mixture of the above fuels.

[0013] Still further, the active absorbent is a metal oxide with CO2 capture effect, including CaO, MgO, etc., and the inactive absorbent is a carbonate corresponding to the metal oxide, including CaCO3, MgCO3, etc.

[0014] Still further, the steam turbine output pipeline is connected with the first heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger through two branch pipelines respectively, and the two branch pipelines are respectively provided with a third one-way control valve and a fourth one-way control valve for adjusting the distribution of the feed water flow; the superheater output pipeline receives the heat exchange steam from the first heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger through another two branch pipelines; the preheated air pipeline is connected with the second heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger through another two branch pipelines, and the other two branch pipelines are respectively provided with a first one-way control valve and a second one-way control valve for adjusting the distribution of the air flow; the air mixer is connected with the preheated air pipeline and the other two branch pipelines to realize the mixing of the preheated air.

[0015] Preferably, the rectifier device is connected with the generator, the wind-solar generator set, the energy storage battery and the booster station simultaneously, the electric energy of the energy storage battery and the wind-solar generator set is connected with the power grid through the rectifier device; the electrolytic cell is connected with the energy storage battery, and electrolysis of water generates H2 and O2 which are stored in the H2 storage tank and the O2 storage tank; the H2 storage tank and the O2 storage tank are connected with the CO2 desorption reactor through pipelines to provide oxygen-rich combustion conditions for the CO2 desorption reaction, the CO2 desorption reactor is connected with the CO2 adsorption reactor, and the CO2 adsorption reactor is connected with the tail flue gas of the incineration boiler (3).

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model mainly manifest in:

[0017] (1) a composite peak regulation system based on solid fuel-power-hydrogen-adsorbent is constructed, and through flexible adjustment of the storage and consumption of solid fuel, power, hydrogen and adsorbent, unit peak regulation is realized in cooperation, and the large-scale access capacity of renewable energy is improved.

[0018] (2) The electrolysis water subsystem and the carbon capture subsystem are effectively connected, and the excess power can provide energy for the calcination of the deactivated adsorbent in the carbon capture subsystem through the hydrogen generated by the electrolysis of water, so that the conversion and storage of electrical energy into chemical energy are realized.

[0019] (3) The carbon capture subsystem and the power generation subsystem are effectively connected, and the heat of the carbon capture cycle process is used to generate steam or high-temperature air through heating, and is further used in the thermal power generating unit, which is beneficial to improve the overall thermal efficiency of the future power plant and assist in realizing rapid peak shaving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a peak shaving system coupled with multiple energy sources and a high-temperature carbon capture thermal power generating unit, wherein 1 is a coal bunker, 2 is a biomass and organic solid waste bunker, 3 is an incineration boiler, 4 is a superheater, 5 is an economizer, 6 is an air preheater, 7 is a first one-way control valve, 8 is a second one-way control valve, 9 is a steam turbine, 10 is a condenser, 11 is a feed water pump, 12 is a third one-way control valve, 13 is a fourth one-way control valve, 14 is a generator, 15 is a booster station, 16 is a rectifier device, 17 is a CO2 adsorption reactor, 18 is a first heat exchanger, 19 is a second heat exchanger, 20 is a chimney, 21 is a CO2 desorption reactor, 22 is an active adsorbent storage tank, 23 is a deactivated adsorbent storage tank, 24 is a third heat exchanger, 25 is a fourth heat exchanger, 26 is a condenser, 27 is a CO2 compressor, 28 is a CO2 storage tank, 29 is an energy storage battery, 30 is an electrolytic cell, 31 is an H2 storage tank, 32 is an O2 storage tank, 33 is an air mixer, and 34 is a primary air fan, and 35 is a secondary air fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The utility model will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 A peak shaving system coupled with multiple energy sources and a carbon capture thermal power generating unit, comprising a power generation subsystem coupled with multiple energy sources, a carbon capture subsystem, and an electrolysis water subsystem.

[0023] The coupling multi-energy power generation system includes a coal bunker 1, a biomass and organic solid waste bunker 2, an incineration boiler 3, a superheater 4, an economizer 5, an air preheater 6, a steam turbine 9, a condenser 10, a feed water pump 11, a generator 14, a booster station 15, an air mixer 33, a primary air fan 34 and a secondary air fan 35; the coal bunker 1 and the biomass and organic solid waste bunker 2 are connected with the feed inlet of the incineration boiler 3, the air mixer 33 is connected with the inlets of the primary air fan 34 and the secondary air fan 35, and the outlets of the primary air fan 34 and the secondary air fan 35 are connected with the primary air inlet and the secondary air inlet of the incineration boiler 3; the superheater 4, the economizer 5 and the air preheater 6 are arranged in the incineration boiler 3 in sequence; the output pipeline s1 of the superheater 4 is connected with the inlet of the steam turbine 9; the output pipeline s2 of the steam turbine 9, the condenser 13 and the inlet of the feed water pump 11 are connected in sequence; the outlet of the steam turbine 9, the generator 14, the booster station 15 and the power grid inlet are connected in sequence.

[0024] The carbon capture subsystem includes a CO2 adsorption reactor 17, a first heat exchanger 18, a second heat exchanger 19, a chimney 20, a CO2 desorption reactor 21, an active adsorbent storage tank 22, an inactive adsorbent storage tank 23, a third heat exchanger 24, a fourth heat exchanger 25, a condenser 26, a CO2 compressor 27 and a CO2 storage tank 28; the inlet of the CO2 adsorption reactor 17 is connected with the solid outlet of the CO2 desorption reactor 21, the outlet of the active adsorbent storage tank 22 and the flue of the power generation subsystem; the gas outlet of the CO2 adsorption reactor 17, the first heat exchanger 18, the second heat exchanger 19 and the inlet of the chimney 20 are connected in sequence; the solid outlet of the CO2 adsorption reactor 17 is connected with the inlet of the CO2 desorption reactor 21 and the inlet of the inactive adsorbent storage tank 23; the inlet of the CO2 desorption reactor 21 is also connected with the outlet of the inactive adsorbent storage tank 23, the outlet of the CO2 storage tank 28 and the water electrolysis subsystem; the gas outlet of the CO2 desorption reactor 21, the third heat exchanger 24, the fourth heat exchanger 25, the condenser 26, the CO2 compressor 27 and the inlet of the CO2 storage tank 28 are connected in sequence; the solid outlet of the CO2 desorption reactor 21 is also connected with the inlet of the active adsorbent storage tank 22.

[0025] The water electrolysis subsystem includes a rectifier device 16, an energy storage battery 29, an electrolytic tank 30, an H2 storage tank 31 and an O2 storage tank 32; the rectifier device 16 is connected with the inlet of the energy storage battery 29 and the wind-solar generator set; the outlet of the energy storage battery 29 is connected with the inlet of the electrolytic tank 30; the outlet of the electrolytic tank 30 is connected with the inlets of the H2 storage tank 32 and the O2 storage tank 33 and the carbon capture subsystem.

[0026] The coupling multi-energy power generation system further includes a thermal power generator set and renewable energy generator sets such as wind power and photovoltaic power; the fuel of the thermal power generator set is coal or biomass or organic solid waste such as waste plastics, waste cloth and sludge and mixtures of the above fuels.

[0027] The active absorbent is a substance containing CO2 capturing metal oxide, including CaO, MgO, etc., and the inactive absorbent is a substance containing the corresponding carbonate of the metal oxide, including CaCO3, MgCO3, etc.

[0028] The turbine output pipeline (s2) is connected to the first heat exchanger 18 and the third heat exchanger 24 through two branch pipelines (h1, h2), respectively, and the third one-way control valve 12 and the fourth one-way control valve 13 are arranged on the two branch pipelines (h1, h2), respectively, for adjusting the distribution of feed water flow; the superheater output pipeline (s1) receives heat exchange steam from the first heat exchanger 18 and the third heat exchanger 24 through another two branch pipelines (h3, h4); the preheated air pipeline (k1) is connected to the second heat exchanger 19 and the fourth heat exchanger 25 through two other branch pipelines (a1, a2), respectively, and the first one-way control valve 7 and the second one-way control valve 8 are arranged on the two other branch pipelines (a1, a2), respectively, for adjusting the distribution of air flow; the air mixer 33 is connected to the preheated air pipeline (k1) and the two other branch pipelines (a3, a4) to realize the mixing of preheated air.

[0029] The rectifier device 16 is connected to the generator 14, the wind-solar generator set, the energy storage battery 29 and the booster station 15 at the same time, and the electric energy of the energy storage battery 29 and the wind-solar generator set is connected to the power grid through the rectifier device; the electrolytic cell 30 is connected to the energy storage battery 29, and electrolytic water generates H2 and O2 which are stored in the H2 storage tank 31 and the O2 storage tank 32; the H2 storage tank 31 and the O2 storage tank 32 are connected to the CO2 desorption reactor 21 through pipelines to provide oxygen-rich combustion conditions for the CO2 desorption reaction, the CO2 desorption reactor 21 is connected to the CO2 adsorption reactor 17, and the CO2 adsorption reactor 17 is connected to the tail gas of the incineration boiler 3.

[0030] A peak regulation method of a coupled multi-energy and carbon capture thermal power generator set, the method is based on the above-mentioned coupled multi-energy and carbon capture thermal power generator set peak regulation system, and the process of the method is as follows:

[0031] When the electricity load is stable, the incineration boiler 3 maintains stable fuel injection and air input, and the generated high-temperature steam drives the steam turbine 9 to generate electricity; the tail flue gas enters the CO2 adsorption reactor 17 to complete the carbonation adsorption reaction, and the heat released by the CO2 adsorption reaction is used to preheat the feed water (h1) and air (a1) through the first heat exchanger 18 and the second heat exchanger 19 respectively; the deactivated adsorbent of the CO2 adsorption reactor 17 enters the CO2 desorption reactor 21 to perform oxygen-enriched combustion with H2, O2, CO2 and supplementary fuel, decompose the carbonates to desorb CO2, and the high-temperature CO2 is preheated to the feed water (h2) and air (a2) through the third heat exchanger 24 and the fourth heat exchanger 25 respectively to recover waste heat, and the cooled pure CO2 is compressed and stored; the power of the wind turbine and the photovoltaic turbine is sent to the power grid through the rectifier device, and the excess wind and light power is sent to the energy storage battery 29, and the energy storage battery power drives the electrolytic tank 30 to generate H2 and O2 for the carbonate decomposition of the CO2 desorption reactor 21.

[0032] When the electricity load decreases, the fuel injection amount and air input amount of the incineration boiler 3 are reduced to maintain the boiler in the high-efficiency load range, and the excess wind and light turbine power or thermal power is stored in the energy storage battery 29 or further converted into H2, O2 and active adsorbent through the rectifier device 16; reducing the fuel injection amount and air input amount of the incineration boiler 3, the reduced CO2 adsorption amount of the incineration boiler 3 flue gas flow leads to a decrease in the heat released by the adsorption reaction, and the opening degrees of the third one-way control valve 12 and the first one-way control valve 7 are simultaneously reduced to reduce the steam production and the temperature of the waste heat air at the outlet of the CO2 adsorption reactor 17; when the energy storage battery 29 stores power and reaches the rated capacity, the excess power drives the electrolytic tank 30 to produce excess H2 and O2 and store them in the H2 storage tank and the O2 storage tank. When the H2 storage tank 31 and the O2 storage tank 32 store gas to reach the rated capacity, the output amount of the deactivated adsorbent from the deactivated adsorbent storage tank 22 to the CO2 desorption reactor 21 is increased, and the output amount of H2 and O2 from the H2 storage tank 31 and the O2 storage tank 32 to the CO2 desorption reactor 21 is also increased, which increases the amount of calcined carbonates, and the excess active adsorbent after calcination is stored in the active adsorbent storage tank 22. In the form of power, H2, O2 and active adsorbent, the energy storage peak shaving is realized when the user load decreases.

[0033] In some cases, there are other embodiments. For example, when the electricity load decreases slightly, the fuel injection amount, air input amount and output of the thermal power unit are maintained unchanged, the excess power is stored in the energy storage battery 29, or the stored excess power is decomposed into H2, O2 through the electrolytic tank 30 or the power is used to prepare active adsorbent, and the obtained H2, O2 or active adsorbent is respectively stored in the H2 storage tank 31, the O2 storage tank 32 and the active adsorbent storage tank 22 to realize energy storage peak shaving.

[0034] When the power load increases, the wind and light unit power is preferentially sent to the power grid, the fuel input amount and air input amount of the incineration boiler 3 are increased, the stored power, H2, O2 and active adsorbent are consumed, the boiler power load is increased, and the energy storage battery 29 is controlled to send the stored power to the power grid through the rectifier device 16, so as to increase the power sent to the power grid by the system and realize the energy release peak regulation when the user load increases. The fuel input amount and air input amount of the incineration boiler 3 of the thermal power unit are increased, the flue gas flow of the incineration boiler is increased, the CO2 flow entering the CO2 adsorption reactor 17 is increased, the output amount of the active adsorbent from the active adsorbent storage tank 23 to the CO2 adsorption reactor 17 is increased, so as to ensure sufficient adsorption of CO2 in the flue gas, the heat released by the adsorption reaction is increased, the opening of the third one-way control valve 12 and the first one-way control valve 7 is increased, the steam production and the boiler air supply temperature are increased; the output amount of the deactivated adsorbent from the CO2 adsorption reactor 17 to the CO2 desorption reactor 21 is increased, the output amount of H2 and O2 from the H2 storage tank 31 and the O2 storage tank 32 to the CO2 desorption reactor 21 is dynamically increased, the amount of carbonates calcined in the CO2 desorption reactor 21 and the amount of desorbed CO2 are increased, the opening of the fourth one-way control valve 13 and the second one-way control valve 8 is increased, the production of steam generated by the CO2 flue gas waste heat recovery of the CO2 desorption reactor 21 and the temperature of high-temperature air are increased, and the output of the thermal power unit is increased.

[0035] In some cases, there are other embodiments. For example, when the power load increases slightly, the fuel input amount, air input amount and output of the thermal power unit are maintained unchanged, the wind and light unit power is sent to the power grid at the same time, the load is increased by the energy storage battery 29 supplying power to the power grid in reverse, and the power supply load is increased.

[0036] The embodiments of the present application are only a list of implementation forms of the utility model concept, and are only for the purpose of description. The protection scope of the present application should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms described in the embodiments, and the protection scope of the present application also extends to the equivalent technical means that can be thought of by those skilled in the art according to the concept of the present application.

Claims

1. A peak shaving system for coupling multiple energy sources and a carbon capture fossil fired power plant, comprising: The peak shaving system comprises a multi-energy coupling power generation subsystem, a carbon capture subsystem and a water electrolysis subsystem, the multi-energy coupling power generation subsystem comprises a coal bunker, a biomass and organic solid waste bunker, an incineration boiler, a superheater, an economizer, an air preheater, a steam turbine, a condenser, a feed water pump, a generator, a booster station, an air mixer, a primary air fan and a secondary air fan; the coal bunker and the biomass and organic solid waste bunker are connected with the feed inlet of the incineration boiler, the air mixer is connected with the inlets of the primary air fan and the secondary air fan, and the outlets of the primary air fan and the secondary air fan are connected with the secondary air inlet of the incineration boiler; the superheater, the economizer and the air preheater are arranged in the incineration boiler in sequence; the output pipeline of the superheater is connected with the inlet of the steam turbine; the output pipeline of the steam turbine, the condenser and the inlet of the feed water pump are connected in sequence; the outlet of the steam turbine, the generator, the booster station and the grid inlet are connected in sequence. The carbon capture subsystem comprises a CO2 adsorption reactor, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a chimney, a CO2 desorption reactor, an active adsorbent storage tank, an inactive adsorbent storage tank, a third heat exchanger, a fourth heat exchanger, a condenser, a CO2 compressor and a CO2 storage tank; the inlet of the CO2 adsorption reactor is connected with the solid outlet of the CO2 desorption reactor, the outlet of the active adsorbent storage tank and the flue of the power generation subsystem; the gas outlet of the CO2 adsorption reactor, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the chimney inlet are connected in sequence; the solid outlet of the CO2 adsorption reactor is connected with the inlet of the CO2 desorption reactor and the inlet of the inactive adsorbent storage tank; the inlet of the CO2 desorption reactor is also connected with the outlet of the inactive adsorbent storage tank, the outlet of the CO2 storage tank and the water electrolysis subsystem; the gas outlet of the CO2 desorption reactor, the third heat exchanger, the fourth heat exchanger, the condenser, the CO2 compressor and the CO2 storage tank inlet are connected in sequence; the solid outlet of the CO2 desorption reactor is also connected with the inlet of the active adsorbent storage tank. The water electrolysis subsystem comprises a rectifier, an energy storage battery, an electrolytic cell, an H2 storage tank and an O2 storage tank, the rectifier is connected with the inlet of the energy storage battery and the wind-solar generator set, and the outlet of the energy storage battery is connected with the inlet of the electrolytic cell; the outlet of the electrolytic cell is connected with the inlets of the H2 storage tank and the O2 storage tank and the carbon capture subsystem.

2. The peak shaving system coupling multiple energy sources and carbon capture fossil fired power generating units of claim 1, wherein, The multi-energy coupling power generation subsystem further comprises a thermal power generator set and a renewable energy generator set.

3. The peak shaving system for coupling multiple energy sources and carbon capture fossil fuel power generating units of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The active adsorbent of the active adsorbent storage tank is a metal oxide with CO2 capture effect, and the inactive adsorbent of the inactive adsorbent storage tank is a carbonate corresponding to the metal oxide.

4. The peak shaving system for coupling multiple energy sources and carbon capture fossil fuel power generating units of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The steam turbine output pipeline is connected with the first and third heat exchangers through two branch pipelines, respectively, and the two branch pipelines are respectively provided with third and fourth one-way control valves for adjusting the distribution of the feed water flow; the superheater output pipeline receives the heat exchange steam from the first and third heat exchangers through other two branch pipelines; the preheated air pipeline is connected with the second and fourth heat exchangers through the other two branch pipelines, respectively, and the two branch pipelines are respectively provided with first and second one-way control valves for adjusting the distribution of the air flow; the air mixer is connected with the preheated air pipeline and the other two branch pipelines to realize the mixing of the preheated air.

5. The peak shaving system for coupling multiple energy sources and carbon capture fossil fuel power generating units of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The rectifier device is connected with the generator, the wind-solar generator set, the energy storage battery and the booster station, the electric energy of the energy storage battery and the wind-solar generator set is connected with the power grid through the rectifier device; the electrolytic cell is connected with the energy storage battery, and water electrolysis generates H2 and O2 which are stored in the H2 storage tank and the O2 storage tank; the H2 storage tank and the O2 storage tank are connected with the CO2 desorption reactor through pipelines to provide oxygen-rich combustion conditions for the CO2 desorption reaction, the CO2 desorption reactor is connected with the CO2 adsorption reactor, and the CO2 adsorption reactor is connected with the tail flue gas of the incineration boiler (3).

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