Screen surface detection device

By incorporating a film-peeling and pressure roller assembly into the screen surface inspection device, the problem of scratches, contamination, or defects easily occurring after traditional film application during inspection is solved. This enables stable peeling and automatic reapplication of the screen film, improving the inspection results.

CN223910808UActive Publication Date: 2026-02-13HUIZHOU YONGCHENG AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT CO LTD
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202423181657.0
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2024-12-23
Publication Date
2026-02-13
Estimated Expiration
2034-12-23

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Traditional screen surface testing before applying a screen protector can easily result in scratches, dirt, or defects.

Method used

A screen surface inspection device is designed, comprising a surface inspection platform, a film peeling mechanism, and a surface inspection mechanism. The film peeling component clamps the tearing hand position of the screen film, and the screen film is gradually peeled off under the action of the driving component. The pressure roller component applies pressure to the screen film to ensure that the film is peeled off only in the designated area, and the film is automatically reattached after inspection.

Benefits of technology

This avoids scratches, stains, or defects on the screen before the screen protector is applied after testing, improving the stability and reliability of the testing and ensuring that the screen protector can be peeled off stably and automatically reapplied.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Abstract

The screen surface detection device comprises a surface detection platform, a film tearing mechanism and a surface detection mechanism, the surface detection platform comprises a surface bearing assembly and a surface driving assembly, the surface bearing assembly is used for bearing a display screen, and the surface driving assembly is connected with the surface bearing assembly. According to the screen surface detection device, the film tearing mechanism is arranged between the surface detection platform and the surface detection mechanism, so that when the surface detection platform carries a belt to detect that a display screen moves towards the surface detection mechanism and moves to the position of the film tearing mechanism, the film tearing assembly clamps a tearing hand position of a screen film; and under the action that the film tearing driving assembly drives the film tearing assembly to move, the screen film is gradually uncovered, so that the surface detection mechanism can directly detect the screen, and the situation that the screen is easily scratched, stained or flawed after detection and before film pasting due to the fact that a traditional screen detection device conducts film pasting after detection is avoided.
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Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to screen detection technical field, specifically a screen surface detection device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Screen, also known as display screen, is a kind of equipment or electrical appliance for displaying image and color, which is widely used in mobile phone, computer, display and other equipment with image or text display function, and the display screen is usually glass material, so it is necessary to detect the display screen to avoid scratch, defect and other conditions in the production process of display screen, so as to avoid the influence on the quality of display screen.

[0003] After the screen is produced and connected with the flat cable, the surface of the display screen 100 is usually covered with a screen film 200 to avoid the screen being scratched or having defects during handling or processing, and the screen film 200 is usually provided with a tear-off position 201 (refer to the attached drawings) extending out of the edge of the display screen 100, so as to facilitate the removal of the screen film 200. Figure 1 The traditional screen surface detection device highlights the scratches, defects and other conditions on the surface of the screen by lighting and camera cooperation, but the screen film 200 will affect the detection effect of the display screen 100, so the film is usually pasted after screen surface detection, but the screen is easy to be scratched, contaminated or defective before pasting, which affects the detection effect. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] In view of the problem that the screen surface is detected first and then pasted with screen film in the prior art, which leads to the screen being easy to be scratched, contaminated or defective before pasting after detection, the utility model provides a screen surface detection device.

[0005] The utility model discloses a kind of screen surface detection devices, including: surface detection platform, film tearing mechanism and surface detection mechanism, surface detection platform includes surface bearing assembly and surface drive assembly, the surface bearing assembly is supported to display screen, the surface drive assembly is connected with the surface bearing assembly, and the surface drive assembly drives the surface bearing assembly moves;Film tearing mechanism includes film tearing drive assembly and film tearing component, the film tearing drive assembly is set on the moving path of the surface bearing assembly, the film tearing component is connected with the driving end of the film tearing drive assembly, and tear hand position of screen film is clamped, and screen film is opened;And surface detection mechanism is set on the moving path of the surface bearing assembly, and the position of display screen is detected after screen film is opened.

[0006] Preferably, the film tearing mechanism further includes a pressure roller assembly, which is arranged on the moving path of the surface bearing assembly and applies pressure to the screen.

[0007] Preferably, the pressing wheel assembly comprises a pressing wheel driving member and a pressing wheel member, the pressing wheel driving member is arranged on the moving path of the surface bearing assembly, the pressing wheel member is connected with the driving end of the pressing wheel driving member and is located on the side of the pressing wheel driving member close to the surface bearing assembly.

[0008] Preferably, the film tearing assembly comprises a film tearing driving member and a film tearing clamping hand, the film tearing driving member is connected with the driving end of the film tearing driving assembly, the film tearing clamping hand is connected with the driving end of the film tearing driving member, and the film tearing clamping hand clamps the tearing hand position of the screen film and peels off the screen film.

[0009] Preferably, the surface bearing assembly comprises a surface bearing member and a surface suction member, the surface bearing member bears the display screen, and the surface suction member is connected with the surface bearing member and adsorbs the display screen borne by the surface bearing member.

[0010] Preferably, the surface driving assembly comprises a surface driving member and a surface guide member, the surface driving member is connected with the surface bearing member, the surface guide member is arranged on the side of the driving end of the surface driving member, and the surface guide member guides the movement of the surface bearing assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the surface detection mechanism comprises a surface detection support and a surface detection assembly, the surface detection support is arranged on the moving path of the surface bearing member, and the surface detection assembly is connected with the surface detection support and detects the display screen.

[0012] Preferably, the surface detection assembly comprises a surface detection member and a surface lighting member, the surface detection member is connected with the surface detection support and takes a photo of the display screen for detection, and the surface lighting member is connected with the surface detection support and lights the display screen.

[0013] Preferably, the film tearing driving assembly comprises a transverse driving member and a transverse guide member, the transverse driving member is arranged on the moving path of the surface bearing member, the driving end of the transverse driving member is connected with the film tearing driving member, and the transverse guide member is arranged on the side of the driving end of the transverse driving member and guides the movement of the film tearing driving member.

[0014] Preferably, the film tearing driving assembly further comprises a longitudinal driving member and a longitudinal guide member, the longitudinal driving member is arranged between the transverse driving member and the film tearing driving member, one end of the longitudinal driving member is connected with the driving end of the transverse driving member, the driving end of the longitudinal driving member is connected with the transverse driving member, the longitudinal guide member is arranged on the side of the driving end of the longitudinal driving member and guides the movement of the film tearing driving member.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the screen surface detection device has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1、The screen surface detection device, by setting the film tearing mechanism between the surface detection platform and the surface detection mechanism, makes the screen film gradually uncover under the action of the film tearing drive assembly driving the film tearing assembly to move when the film tearing assembly clamps the tear hand position of the screen film and moves to the position of the film tearing mechanism, so that the surface detection mechanism can directly detect the screen, avoiding the traditional screen detection device after detection.

[0017] 2、The screen surface detection device, by setting the pressure roller assembly, can first apply pressure to the screen film in the direction of the display screen through the pressure roller assembly before the film tearing assembly clamps the tear hand position of the screen film and uncovers the screen film, so that the film tearing assembly can only uncover the screen film beyond the pressure roller assembly, avoiding the screen film being completely uncovered, resulting in the difficulty of being pasted back, and after completing the screen detection, the surface detection platform reversely drives the display screen to move, so that the pressure roller assembly reversely moves under the pressure action, gradually automatically pastes the screen film back to the surface of the display screen, further ensuring the stability of the film tearing mechanism uncovering the screen film and automatically pasting the screen film back. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the display screen and the screen film;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a result schematic view of the surface detection platform and the film tearing mechanism of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic view of the surface detection platform of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic view of the film tearing mechanism of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model Figure 5 It is an enlarged schematic view of structure A of the utility model.

[0024] In the drawings, 3, surface detection platform; 4, film tearing mechanism; 5, surface detection mechanism;

[0025] 31, surface bearing assembly; 32, surface driving assembly; 311, surface bearing; 312, surface suction member; 321, surface driving member; 322, surface guiding member;

[0026] 41, pressure wheel assembly; 42, film tearing driving assembly; 43, film tearing assembly; 411, pressure wheel driving member; 412, pressure wheel member; 421, transverse driving member; 422, transverse guiding member; 423, longitudinal driving member; 424, longitudinal guiding member; 431, film tearing driving member; 432, film tearing clamping hand;

[0027] 51, surface detection support; 52, surface detection assembly; 521, surface detection member; 522, surface lightening member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0029] The following will describe the embodiments of the present disclosure by specific examples. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present disclosure from the content disclosed in the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all the embodiments. The present disclosure can also be implemented or applied by other different specific embodiments, and the details in the specification can be modified or changed based on different views and applications without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0030] Reference Figures 2-5 , Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the present utility model; Figure 3 is a result schematic diagram of the surface detection platform and the film tearing mechanism of the present utility model; Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the surface detection platform of the present utility model; Figure 5The utility model discloses a tear film mechanism structure schematic view. A kind of screen surface detection device includes: surface detection platform 3, tear film mechanism 4 and surface detection mechanism 5, surface detection platform 3 includes surface bearing assembly 31 and surface drive assembly 32, surface bearing assembly 31 is loaded to display screen 100, surface drive assembly 32 is connected with surface bearing assembly 31, and surface drive assembly 32 drives surface bearing assembly 31 to move, so that after display screen 100 is placed on surface bearing assembly 31, can drive surface bearing assembly 31 to move by surface drive assembly 32, to drive display screen 100 to move synchronously;Tear film mechanism 4 includes tear film drive assembly 42 and tear film component 43, tear film drive assembly 42 is set on the moving path of surface bearing assembly 31, tear film component 43 is connected with the drive end of tear film drive assembly 42, and tear hand position 201 of screen film 200 is clamped, and screen film 200 is uncovered, so that after tear hand position 201 is clamped by tear film component 43, tear film drive assembly 42 drives tear film component 43 gradually to the direction of moving away from display screen 100, to make screen film 200 gradually uncover along the part that is provided with tear hand position 201 to another end;And surface detection mechanism 5 is set on the moving path of surface bearing assembly 31, and the position of display screen uncovering screen film is detected, and the scratch, defect etc. on the surface of display screen 100 is identified by the way of photographing, to filter out the defective or good product in display screen 100.

[0031] The screen surface detection device, by being provided with tear film mechanism between surface detection platform 3 and surface detection mechanism 5, so that when display screen 100 carried by surface detection platform 3 is moved to surface detection mechanism 5 direction, and when it is moved to the position of tear film mechanism 4, tear hand position 201 of screen film 200 is clamped by tear film component 43, and under the action that tear film drive assembly 42 drives tear film component 43 to move, screen film 200 is gradually uncovered, and then surface detection mechanism 5 can directly detect screen, avoid traditional screen detection device to carry out film pasting after detection, lead to the situation that screen is scratched, stained or defective occurs before film pasting after detection.

[0032] Referring back Figure 5 , tear film mechanism 4 also includes pressure roller assembly 41, pressure roller assembly 41 is set on the moving path of surface bearing assembly 31, and pressure is applied to screen, and pressure roller assembly 41 is prior to tear film drive assembly 42 to screen film 200 to display screen 100 direction to apply pressure, to guarantee that screen film 200 and display screen 100 are attached in the pressure part of pressure roller assembly 41, and tear film drive assembly 42 can only uncover the non-pressure part close to tear hand position 201.

[0033] The pressure wheel assembly 41 comprises a pressure wheel driving member 411 and a pressure wheel member 412. The pressure wheel driving member 411 is arranged on the moving path of the surface bearing assembly 31. The pressure wheel member 412 is connected with the driving end of the pressure wheel driving member 411 and is arranged on the side of the pressure wheel driving member 411 close to the surface bearing assembly 31. In the normal state, the pressure wheel member 412 is arranged close to the pressure wheel driving member 411, so that the surface bearing assembly 31 has enough space to drive the display screen 100 to move. After the surface bearing assembly 31 drives the display screen 100 to move to the specified position, the pressure wheel driving member 411 drives the pressure wheel member 412 to move towards the display screen, so that the pressure wheel member 412 contacts the screen film 200 and applies pressure to the screen film 200 towards the display screen 100.

[0034] Specifically, the pressure wheel driving member 411 is a cylinder, and the pressure wheel member 412 is in a cylindrical shape and is made of flexible material. When the pressure wheel member 412 contacts the screen film 200 under the action of the pressure wheel driving member 411, the pressure wheel member 412 only applies linear pressure to the screen film 200. When the surface bearing assembly 31 drives the display screen 100 to move, the pressure wheel member 412 rotates and changes the position of the display screen 100 subjected to force.

[0035] The screen surface detection device can apply pressure to the screen film 200 towards the display screen 100 through the pressure wheel assembly 41 before the tearing hand position 201 of the film tearing assembly 43 clamps the screen film 200 and the screen film 200 is peeled off. Therefore, the film tearing assembly 43 can only peel off the screen film 200 beyond the pressure wheel assembly 41, so that the screen film 200 is not completely peeled off and the display screen 100 cannot be pasted back. After the screen detection is completed, the surface detection platform 3 drives the display screen 100 to move reversely, so that the pressure wheel assembly 41 and the film tearing assembly 43 move reversely under the pressure of the pressure wheel assembly 41, and the screen film 200 is automatically pasted back to the surface of the display screen 100. The stability of the film tearing assembly 4 in peeling off the screen film 200 is further improved, and the screen film 200 can be automatically pasted back.

[0036] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 The utility model Figure 5The structure of the film tearing assembly 43 is shown in the enlarged view of the middle A. The film tearing assembly 43 includes a film tearing driving member 431 and a film tearing clamping hand 432. The film tearing driving member 431 is connected with the driving end of the film tearing driving assembly 42, so that the film tearing driving assembly 42 can drive the film tearing driving member 431 to move. The film tearing clamping hand 432 is connected with the driving end of the film tearing driving member 431, and clamps the tearing hand position 201 of the screen film 200 and peels off the screen film 200. After the surface bearing assembly 31 drives the display screen 100 to move to the specified position, the film tearing driving assembly 42 first drives the film tearing driving member 431 to move towards the tearing hand position 201, and then drives the other end of the film tearing clamping hand 432 to move, so as to clamp the tearing hand position 201. Then, the film tearing driving assembly 42 drives the film tearing driving member 431 to move away from the display screen 100, so as to peel off the screen film 200.

[0037] Referring back to Figure 4 The surface bearing assembly 31 includes a surface bearing member 311 and a surface suction member 312. The surface bearing member 311 bears the display screen. The surface suction member 312 is connected with the surface bearing member 311 and suctions the display screen borne by the surface bearing member 311. The surface suction member 312 applies suction force to the display screen 100, so as to ensure that the display screen 100 is always in close contact with the surface bearing member 311, and ensure that the position of the display screen 100 does not deviate when the display screen 100 is subjected to the pressure of the pressure wheel member 412 and the tension of the film tearing clamping hand 432, thereby ensuring the detection stability.

[0038] The surface driving assembly 32 includes a surface driving member 321 and a surface guiding member 322. The surface driving member 321 is connected with the surface bearing member 311. The surface guiding member 322 is arranged on one side of the driving end of the surface driving member 321 and guides the movement of the surface bearing assembly 31.

[0039] Referring back to Figure 2 The surface detection mechanism 5 includes a surface detection bracket 51 and a surface detection assembly 52. The surface detection bracket 51 is arranged on the movement path of the surface bearing member 311. The surface detection assembly 52 is connected with the surface detection bracket 51 and detects the display screen.

[0040] The surface detection assembly 52 comprises a surface detection piece 521 and a surface lightening piece 522, the surface detection piece 521 is connected with the surface detection support 51, and the surface detection piece 521 detects the display screen by shooting, the surface lightening piece 522 is connected with the surface detection support 51, and the surface lightening piece 522 lightens the display screen, the display screen 100 is lightened by the surface lightening piece 522 first, so that scratches, defects and the like are shown, and then the display screen 100 is shot by the surface detection piece 521, and the defective product and the good product are distinguished by comparison.

[0041] Further, the film tearing driving assembly 42 comprises a transverse driving piece 421 and a transverse guide piece 422, the transverse driving piece 421 is arranged on the moving path of the surface bearing piece 311, the driving end of the transverse driving piece 421 is connected with the film tearing driving piece 431, the transverse guide piece 422 is arranged on one side of the driving end of the transverse driving piece 421 and guides the movement of the film tearing driving piece 431, the transverse driving piece 421 and the transverse guide piece 422 are cooperated to drive the transverse movement of the film tearing driving piece 431, so that the film tearing driving piece 431 is moved to the state that the tearing hand position 201 is located between the film tearing clamping hands 432, the screen film 200 is guaranteed to be efficiently opened, and the position of the tearing hand position 201 clamped can be adjusted according to the size of the display screen 100, and the applicability of the screen surface detection device is improved.

[0042] Further, the film tearing driving assembly 42 further comprises a longitudinal driving piece 423 and a longitudinal guide piece 424, the longitudinal driving piece 423 is arranged between the transverse driving piece 421 and the film tearing driving piece 431, one end of the longitudinal driving piece 423 is connected with the driving end of the transverse driving piece 421, the driving end of the longitudinal driving piece 423 is connected with the transverse driving piece 421, the longitudinal guide piece 424 is arranged on one side of the driving end of the longitudinal driving piece 423 and guides the movement of the film tearing driving piece 431, the longitudinal driving piece 423 and the longitudinal guide piece 424 are cooperated to drive the longitudinal movement of the film tearing driving piece 431, so that the film tearing clamping hands 432 can be moved to the direction close to the screen film 200 to clamp the tearing hand position 201, or after the film tearing clamping hands 432 clamp the tearing hand position 201, the film tearing driving piece 431 is driven to move away from the display screen 100, so that the screen film 200 is opened to facilitate the surface detection of the display screen 100.

[0043] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "intermediate", "length", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "radial", "circumferential" and the like is the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0044] In the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" the second feature can be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features indirectly contact through an intermediate medium. The meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly specified and limited.

[0045] In the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected or in communication with each other; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise expressly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] The above is only to illustrate the embodiments of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application without creative labor shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A screen surface detection apparatus characterized by comprising: The surface detection platform (3) comprises a surface bearing assembly (31) and a surface driving assembly (32), the surface bearing assembly (31) bears the display screen, the surface driving assembly (32) is connected with the surface bearing assembly (31), and the surface driving assembly (32) drives the surface bearing assembly (31) to move. The film tearing mechanism (4) comprises a film tearing driving assembly (42) and a film tearing assembly (43), the film tearing driving assembly (42) is arranged on the moving path of the surface bearing assembly (31), the film tearing assembly (43) is connected with the driving end of the film tearing driving assembly (42), and the film tearing assembly (43) clamps the tearing hand position of the screen film and tears the screen film. The surface detection mechanism (5) is arranged on the moving path of the surface bearing assembly (31) and detects the position of the display screen where the screen film is torn. The film tearing mechanism (4) further comprises a pressure roller assembly (41), the pressure roller assembly (41) is arranged on the moving path of the surface bearing assembly (31) and applies pressure to the screen. The pressure roller assembly (41) comprises a pressure roller driving member (411) and a pressure roller member (412), the pressure roller driving member (411) is arranged on the moving path of the surface bearing assembly (31), the pressure roller member (412) is connected with the driving end of the pressure roller driving member (411), and the pressure roller member (412) is located on the side of the pressure roller driving member (411) close to the surface bearing assembly (31).

2. A screen surface detection apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that: The film tearing assembly (43) comprises a film tearing driving member (431) and a film tearing clamp hand (432), the film tearing driving member (431) is connected with the driving end of the film tearing driving assembly (42), the film tearing clamp hand (432) is connected with the driving end of the film tearing driving member (431), and the film tearing clamp hand (432) clamps the tearing hand position of the screen film and tears the screen film.

3. A screen surface detection apparatus according to claim 2, characterised in that: The surface bearing assembly (31) comprises a surface bearing member (311) and a surface suction member (312), the surface bearing member (311) bears the display screen, and the surface suction member (312) is connected with the surface bearing member (311) and suctions the display screen borne by the surface bearing member (311).

4. A screen surface detection apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface driving assembly (32) comprises a surface driving member (321) and a surface guide member (322), the surface driving member (321) is connected with the surface bearing member (311), the surface guide member (322) is arranged on the side of the driving end of the surface driving member (321), and the surface guide member (322) guides the movement of the surface bearing assembly (31).

5. A screen surface detection apparatus according to claim 4, characterised in that: The surface detection mechanism (5) comprises a surface detection support (51) and a surface detection assembly (52), the surface detection support (51) is arranged on the moving path of the surface bearing member (311), and the surface detection assembly (52) is connected with the surface detection support (51) and detects the display screen.

6. A screen surface detection apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: ​ 7. A screen surface detection apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: ​ 8. A screen surface detection apparatus according to claim 7, characterised in that: The surface detection assembly (52) comprises a surface detection piece (521) and a surface lightening piece (522), the surface detection piece (521) is connected with the surface detection support (51), and the surface detection piece (521) detects the display screen by taking a photo, the surface lightening piece (522) is connected with the surface detection support (51), and the surface lightening piece (522) lightens the display screen.

9. A screen surface detection apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: The film tearing driving assembly (42) comprises a transverse driving piece (421) and a transverse guide piece (422), the transverse driving piece (421) is arranged on the moving path of the surface bearing piece (311), the driving end of the transverse driving piece (421) is connected with the film tearing driving piece (431), and the transverse guide piece (422) is arranged on one side of the driving end of the transverse driving piece (421) and guides the movement of the film tearing driving piece (431).

10. A screen surface detection apparatus according to claim 9, wherein: The film tearing driving assembly (42) further comprises a longitudinal driving piece (423) and a longitudinal guide piece (424), the longitudinal driving piece (423) is arranged between the transverse driving piece (421) and the film tearing driving piece (431), one end of the longitudinal driving piece (423) is connected with the driving end of the transverse driving piece (421), the driving end of the longitudinal driving piece (423) is connected with the transverse driving piece (421), and the longitudinal guide piece (424) is arranged on one side of the driving end of the longitudinal driving piece (423) and guides the movement of the film tearing driving piece (431).