Defect-state photonic crystal system for noise absorption and conversion of hydropower house and absorption and conversion system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a defect-state phononic crystal system for noise absorption and conversion of a hydropower station workshop, which comprises a substrate, a connecting unit arranged on the surface of the substrate, gathering units connected to the surface of the substrate, and a noise absorption mechanism arranged between the gathering units. The waterwheel room noise reduction device is simple in structure and easy to disassemble and arrange, can be arranged at any safe position of a waterwheel room, can effectively absorb and control high-decibel noise caused by operation of equipment in a hydroelectric plant, and converts the noise into electric energy; power is supplied to an emergency lighting device, wireless sensors such as a noise sensor and a vibration sensor, and communication equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of noise absorption systems, specifically relating to a defect-state phonon crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings. Background Technology

[0002] The high-speed rotation of the main shaft inside the hydropower plant, the impact of the water flow into the channel below, and the rotation of the rotor in the wind tunnel above all contribute to a large amount of harmful noise in the water turbine room.

[0003] Noise refers to sounds whose intensity and frequency vary irregularly and chaotically. Prolonged exposure to noisy environments can weaken hearing, and over time, this can lead to permanent deafness. It can also trigger systemic illnesses such as indigestion, vomiting, headaches, high blood pressure, and insomnia. Currently, methods used in hydroelectric power stations to prevent noise from turbine rooms primarily include using sound-absorbing materials or structures to absorb sound energy; wearing earplugs; and using soundproof enclosures, soundproof rooms, and soundproof screens to block and isolate airborne noise.

[0004] Noise, as a form of energy, cannot be effectively utilized if only sound insulation is used. Therefore, how to efficiently develop and utilize the abundant noise energy in hydropower plant buildings and convert it into usable electrical energy has become a very meaningful and urgent research direction. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a defect-state phonon crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings, which can absorb high-decibel noise in hydropower plant buildings and convert it into electrical energy.

[0006] The second objective of this invention is to provide a detection system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings.

[0007] The third objective of this invention is to provide a noise absorption and conversion system for hydropower plant buildings.

[0008] The first technical solution adopted by this utility model is a defect-state phonon crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings, including a substrate, a connecting unit on the surface of the substrate, an aggregation unit connected to the surface of the substrate, a noise absorption mechanism connected to the surface of the substrate, and the noise absorption mechanism being disposed between the aggregation units.

[0009] The first technical solution of this utility model is also characterized by:

[0010] The connection unit includes several connection holes, which are formed on the surface of the substrate and are located near the edge of the substrate.

[0011] The focusing unit includes several scatterers, all of which are connected to the surface of the substrate and are disposed between the connecting holes. The noise absorption mechanism is disposed between the scatterers.

[0012] Several scatterers are arranged in a 3×3 array and are attached to the surface of the substrate. The scatterers are made of white rubber and are cylindrical structures with a radius of 5 mm and a height of 10 mm.

[0013] The noise absorption mechanism includes a piezoelectric sheet connected to the center of the substrate and disposed between the scatterers.

[0014] The piezoelectric element is made of piezoelectric ceramic, and its density is 7500 kg / m³. 2 The dielectric constant of the piezoelectric element is 3200, and the dimensions of the piezoelectric element are 20mm×20mm×0.2mm.

[0015] The substrate is an aluminum plate with dimensions of 10cm × 10cm × 0.3mm.

[0016] The second technical solution adopted in this utility model is,

[0017] The detection system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings adopts a defect-state phonon crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings, including a resistor connected in series with a piezoelectric element and an oscilloscope connected in parallel with the resistor.

[0018] The third technical solution adopted in this utility model is,

[0019] The system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings employs a defective phononic crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings. It includes a rectifier connected to a piezoelectric element via wires, a voltage stabilizing filter unit connected to the rectifier via wires, a storage battery connected to the storage battery, an emergency lighting lamp, a noise sensor, a vibration sensor, and a communication device. The communication device is connected to the noise sensor and the vibration sensor.

[0020] The third technical solution adopted in this utility model is also characterized by the following:

[0021] The voltage regulator filter unit is model UFA42.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0023] This invention relates to a defect-state phonon crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings. It has a simple structure, is easy to disassemble and arrange, and can be placed in any safe location in the turbine room. It can effectively absorb and control high-decibel noise caused by equipment operation in hydropower plant buildings and convert the noise into electrical energy to power emergency lighting devices, noise sensors, vibration sensors, wireless sensors, and communication equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the defect-state phononic crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the detection system for noise absorption and conversion in a hydropower station powerhouse according to this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the detection results of the detection system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings according to this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of the noise absorption and conversion system for hydropower plant buildings in this utility model.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Piezoelectric element, 2. Diffuser, 3. Substrate, 4. Connecting hole, 5. Phononic crystal system, 6. Rectifier, 7. Voltage regulator and filter unit, 8. Battery, 9. Emergency light, 10. Noise sensor, 11. Vibration sensor, 12. Communication device, 100. Resistor, 200. Oscilloscope. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] This invention provides a defect-state phonon crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a base plate 3, with connecting units on its surface, gathering units connected to the surface of the base plate 3, and noise absorption mechanisms connected to the surface of the base plate 3. The noise absorption mechanisms are disposed between the gathering units. The device is connected and fixed to the actual operating position of the hydropower plant through the connecting units, such as the walls of the turbine room and wind tunnel. In the plant, a large amount of noise is generated due to the coupling effect of factors such as the high-speed rotation of the main shaft, the impact of the lower water flow on the flow channel, and the rotation of the upper wind tunnel rotor. This noise is reflected by the gathering units and concentrated in the noise absorption mechanism. The large amount of noise energy converges to form sound pressure, forcing the noise absorption mechanism to deform, thereby generating electrical energy.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] A defect-state phonon crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings includes a substrate 3. A connecting unit is formed on the surface of the substrate 3. An aggregation unit is connected to the surface of the substrate 3. A noise absorption mechanism is connected to the surface of the substrate 3. The noise absorption mechanism is disposed between the aggregation units.

[0033] The connection unit includes several connection holes 4, which are formed on the surface of the substrate 3 and located near the edge of the substrate 3. The connection holes 4 are arranged at the four corners of the substrate 3, and the device is fixed to the actual working position in the hydropower station building by connecting the connection holes and screws.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] A defect-state phonon crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings includes a substrate 3. A connecting unit is formed on the surface of the substrate 3. An aggregation unit is connected to the surface of the substrate 3. A noise absorption mechanism is connected to the surface of the substrate 3. The noise absorption mechanism is disposed between the aggregation units.

[0036] The connection unit includes a plurality of connection holes 4, which are formed on the surface of the substrate 3 and are located near the edge of the substrate 3.

[0037] The focusing unit includes several scatterers 2, each of which is connected to the surface of the substrate 3 and is disposed between the connecting holes 4. A noise absorption mechanism is disposed between the scatterers 2. The scatterers 2 reflect and concentrate the noise at the noise absorption mechanism.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] A defect-state phonon crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings includes a substrate 3. A connecting unit is formed on the surface of the substrate 3. An aggregation unit is connected to the surface of the substrate 3. A noise absorption mechanism is connected to the surface of the substrate 3. The noise absorption mechanism is disposed between the aggregation units.

[0040] The connection unit includes a plurality of connection holes 4, which are formed on the surface of the substrate 3 and are located near the edge of the substrate 3.

[0041] The focusing unit includes several scatterers 2, all of which are connected to the surface of the substrate 3. The several scatterers 2 are disposed between the connecting holes 4, and the noise absorption mechanism is disposed between the scatterers 2.

[0042] Several scatterers 2 are arranged in a 3×3 array and are attached to the surface of the substrate 3. The scatterers 2 are made of white rubber and are cylindrical structures with a radius of 5 mm and a height of 10 mm. The scatterers 2 are rubber scatterers.

[0043] Example 4

[0044] A defect-state phonon crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings includes a substrate 3. A connecting unit is formed on the surface of the substrate 3. An aggregation unit is connected to the surface of the substrate 3. A noise absorption mechanism is connected to the surface of the substrate 3. The noise absorption mechanism is disposed between the aggregation units.

[0045] The connection unit includes a plurality of connection holes 4, which are formed on the surface of the substrate 3 and are located near the edge of the substrate 3.

[0046] The focusing unit includes several scatterers 2, all of which are connected to the surface of the substrate 3. The several scatterers 2 are disposed between the connecting holes 4, and the noise absorption mechanism is disposed between the scatterers 2.

[0047] Several scatterers 2 are arranged in a 3×3 array. The scatterers 2 are attached to the surface of the substrate 3. The material of the scatterers 2 is white rubber. The scatterers 2 are cylindrical structures with a radius of 5 mm and a height of 10 mm.

[0048] The noise absorption mechanism includes a piezoelectric sheet 1, which is connected to the center of the substrate 3 and disposed between the scatterers 2. Noise inside the hydroelectric power plant is reflected by the array of scatterers 2 and concentrated at the central piezoelectric sheet 1 (the defective state). A large amount of noise energy is collected at the piezoelectric sheet 1 to form sound pressure, which forces the piezoelectric sheet 1 to deform, thereby generating electrical energy.

[0049] Example 5

[0050] A defect-state phonon crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings includes a substrate 3. A connecting unit is formed on the surface of the substrate 3. An aggregation unit is connected to the surface of the substrate 3. A noise absorption mechanism is connected to the surface of the substrate 3. The noise absorption mechanism is disposed between the aggregation units.

[0051] The connection unit includes a plurality of connection holes 4, which are formed on the surface of the substrate 3 and are located near the edge of the substrate 3.

[0052] The focusing unit includes several scatterers 2, all of which are connected to the surface of the substrate 3. The several scatterers 2 are disposed between the connecting holes 4, and the noise absorption mechanism is disposed between the scatterers 2.

[0053] Several scatterers 2 are arranged in a 3×3 array. The scatterers 2 are attached to the surface of the substrate 3. The material of the scatterers 2 is white rubber. The scatterers 2 are cylindrical structures with a radius of 5 mm and a height of 10 mm.

[0054] The noise absorption mechanism includes a piezoelectric sheet 1, which is connected to the center of the substrate 3 and disposed between the scatterers 2.

[0055] The piezoelectric element 1 is made of piezoelectric ceramic, and its density is 7500 kg / m³. 2 The piezoelectric element 1 has a dielectric constant of 3200 and dimensions of 20mm × 20mm × 0.2mm. Piezoelectric element 1 is a piezoelectric ceramic sheet with a high dielectric constant.

[0056] Example 6

[0057] A defect-state phonon crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings includes a substrate 3. A connecting unit is formed on the surface of the substrate 3. An aggregation unit is connected to the surface of the substrate 3. A noise absorption mechanism is connected to the surface of the substrate 3. The noise absorption mechanism is disposed between the aggregation units.

[0058] The connection unit includes a plurality of connection holes 4, which are formed on the surface of the substrate 3 and are located near the edge of the substrate 3.

[0059] The focusing unit includes several scatterers 2, all of which are connected to the surface of the substrate 3. The several scatterers 2 are disposed between the connecting holes 4, and the noise absorption mechanism is disposed between the scatterers 2.

[0060] Several scatterers 2 are arranged in a 3×3 array. The scatterers 2 are attached to the surface of the substrate 3. The material of the scatterers 2 is white rubber. The scatterers 2 are cylindrical structures with a radius of 5 mm and a height of 10 mm.

[0061] The noise absorption mechanism includes a piezoelectric sheet 1, which is connected to the center of the substrate 3 and disposed between the scatterers 2.

[0062] The piezoelectric element 1 is made of piezoelectric ceramic, and its density is 7500 kg / m³. 2 The dielectric constant of piezoelectric element 1 is 3200, and the dimensions of piezoelectric element 1 are 20mm×20mm×0.2mm.

[0063] The substrate 3 is an aluminum plate with dimensions of 10cm × 10cm × 0.3mm. The substrate 3 is a thin aluminum plate, and the substrate 3 and the components on its surface constitute the phonon crystal system 5.

[0064] Example 7

[0065] A defect-state phonon crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings includes a substrate 3. A connecting unit is formed on the surface of the substrate 3. An aggregation unit is connected to the surface of the substrate 3. A noise absorption mechanism is connected to the surface of the substrate 3. The noise absorption mechanism is disposed between the aggregation units.

[0066] The connection unit includes a plurality of connection holes 4, which are formed on the surface of the substrate 3 and are located near the edge of the substrate 3.

[0067] The focusing unit includes several scatterers 2, all of which are connected to the surface of the substrate 3. The several scatterers 2 are disposed between the connecting holes 4, and the noise absorption mechanism is disposed between the scatterers 2.

[0068] Several scatterers 2 are arranged in a 3×3 array. The scatterers 2 are attached to the surface of the substrate 3. The material of the scatterers 2 is white rubber. The scatterers 2 are cylindrical structures with a radius of 5 mm and a height of 10 mm.

[0069] The noise absorption mechanism includes a piezoelectric sheet 1, which is connected to the center of the substrate 3 and disposed between the scatterers 2.

[0070] The piezoelectric element 1 is made of piezoelectric ceramic, and its density is 7500 kg / m³. 2 The dielectric constant of piezoelectric element 1 is 3200, and the dimensions of piezoelectric element 1 are 20mm×20mm×0.2mm.

[0071] The substrate 3 is an aluminum plate with dimensions of 10cm×10cm×0.3mm.

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown, the detection system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings employs a defect-state phonon crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings. This system includes a resistor 100 connected in series with a piezoelectric element 1, and an oscilloscope 200 connected in parallel with the resistor 100. To evaluate the noise absorption and conversion performance of the system, a single system is connected in series with a 100kΩ resistor 100, and the oscilloscope 200 is connected in parallel with the 100kΩ resistor 100 to test the system's actual voltage generation capability. The results show that noise near 1300Hz can generate a voltage of nearly 10V. Figure 3 As shown.

[0073] Example 8

[0074] A defect-state phonon crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings includes a substrate 3. A connecting unit is formed on the surface of the substrate 3. An aggregation unit is connected to the surface of the substrate 3. A noise absorption mechanism is connected to the surface of the substrate 3. The noise absorption mechanism is disposed between the aggregation units.

[0075] The connection unit includes a plurality of connection holes 4, which are formed on the surface of the substrate 3 and are located near the edge of the substrate 3.

[0076] The focusing unit includes several scatterers 2, all of which are connected to the surface of the substrate 3. The several scatterers 2 are disposed between the connecting holes 4, and the noise absorption mechanism is disposed between the scatterers 2.

[0077] Several scatterers 2 are arranged in a 3×3 array. The scatterers 2 are attached to the surface of the substrate 3. The material of the scatterers 2 is white rubber. The scatterers 2 are cylindrical structures with a radius of 5 mm and a height of 10 mm.

[0078] The noise absorption mechanism includes a piezoelectric sheet 1, which is connected to the center of the substrate 3 and disposed between the scatterers 2.

[0079] The piezoelectric element 1 is made of piezoelectric ceramic, and its density is 7500 kg / m³. 2 The dielectric constant of piezoelectric element 1 is 3200, and the dimensions of piezoelectric element 1 are 20mm×20mm×0.2mm.

[0080] The substrate 3 is an aluminum plate with dimensions of 10cm×10cm×0.3mm.

[0081] like Figure 4 As shown, the noise absorption and conversion system for hydropower plant buildings adopts a defect-state phonon crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings. It includes a rectifier 6 connected to a piezoelectric element 1 via a wire, a voltage stabilizing filter unit 7 connected to the rectifier 6 via a wire, a storage battery 8 connected to the voltage stabilizing filter unit 7, and an emergency lighting lamp 9, a noise sensor 10, a vibration sensor 11, and a communication device 12 connected to the noise sensor 10 and the vibration sensor 11. The terminals on piezoelectric element 1 are connected to the wires via soldering. The other end of the wires is connected to rectifier 6, which converts the alternating current generated by the phonon crystal into direct current. Rectifier 6 is connected to voltage stabilization and filtering unit 7 via wires, converting the direct current into a constant and regulated 8V direct current. Voltage stabilization and filtering unit 7 is a UFA42 model. The positive and negative terminals of voltage stabilization and filtering unit 7 are respectively connected to an 8V rated voltage battery 8, supplying power to the battery 8. To achieve more efficient noise absorption and energy storage, multiple systems can be connected in series after rectification, filtering, and voltage stabilization, simultaneously charging the battery 8. The battery 8 supplies power to the emergency lighting 9, noise sensor 10, and vibration sensor 11 used in the hydropower plant, forming a self-powered lighting system and a self-powered wireless sensor system. Noise sensor 10, vibration sensor 11, and communication device 12 are connected to transmit real-time collected data to monitoring personnel.

[0082] The working principle of the defect-state phonon crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower station powerhouses of this invention is as follows:

[0083] The device is fixed to the actual working position in the hydropower plant building by connecting the screw through the connection hole 4. The noise in the hydropower plant building is reflected by the array of scatterers 2 and concentrated at the central piezoelectric plate 1 (the defective part). A large amount of noise energy is collected at the piezoelectric plate 1 to form sound pressure, which forces the piezoelectric plate 1 to deform, thereby generating electrical energy. The AC power generated by the piezoelectric plate 1 is converted into DC power by the rectifier 6, and then connected to the voltage stabilizing filter unit 7 to convert the DC power into a constant and regular 8V DC power to power the storage battery 8. The storage battery 8 powers the emergency lighting 9, noise sensor 10, and vibration sensor 11 used in the hydropower plant building, forming a self-powered lighting system and a self-powered wireless sensor system.

[0084] This invention relates to a defect-state phonon crystal system for noise absorption and conversion in hydropower plant buildings. It can not only effectively absorb and control high-decibel noise caused by equipment operation in hydropower plant buildings, but also convert some of the noise into electrical energy to power emergency lighting devices, noise sensors, vibration sensors and other wireless sensors and communication equipment.

Claims

1. Defect phononic crystal system for noise absorption and conversion of hydropower plant buildings, characterized by, Including the substrate (3), the plate surface of the substrate (3) is provided with a connecting unit, the plate surface of the substrate (3) is connected with an aggregation unit, the plate surface of the substrate (3) is connected with a noise absorption mechanism, and the noise absorption mechanism is arranged between the aggregation units; The connecting unit includes a plurality of connecting holes (4), and the plurality of connecting holes (4) are arranged on the plate surface of the substrate (3); the connecting holes (4) are arranged close to the edges of the substrate (3); The aggregation unit includes a plurality of scatterers (2), and the plurality of scatterers (2) are connected with the plate surface of the substrate (3); the plurality of scatterers (2) are arranged between the connecting holes (4); and the noise absorption mechanism is arranged between the scatterers (2); The plurality of scatterers (2) are arranged in a 3*3 array form, the scatterers (2) are pasted on the plate surface of the substrate (3), the material of the scatterers (2) is white rubber, the scatterers (2) are cylindrical structures with a radius of 5 mm and a height of 10 mm; The noise absorption mechanism includes a piezoelectric sheet (1), the piezoelectric sheet (1) is connected to the middle part of the plate surface of the substrate (3), and the piezoelectric sheet (1) is arranged between the scatterers (2); The piezoelectric sheet (1) is made of piezoelectric ceramic, the density of the piezoelectric sheet (1) is 7500 kg / m 2 , the dielectric constant of the piezoelectric sheet (1) is 3200, and the size of the piezoelectric sheet (1) is 20 mm x 20 mm x 0.2 mm. The substrate (3) is an aluminum plate, and the size of the substrate (3) is 10 cm*10 cm*0.3 mm; A detection system for noise absorption and conversion of a hydropower station plant adopts a defect state phonon crystal system for noise absorption and conversion of the hydropower station plant, and is characterized by comprising a resistor (100) connected in series with a piezoelectric sheet (1), and the resistor (100) is connected in parallel with an oscilloscope (200).

2. A system for noise absorption and conversion of hydropower plant, using the defect state phononic crystal system for noise absorption and conversion of hydropower plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piezoelectric sheet (1) is connected with a rectifier (6) through a wire, the rectifier (6) is connected with a voltage stabilizing filter unit (7) through a wire, the voltage stabilizing filter unit (7) is connected with a storage battery (8), the storage battery (8) is respectively connected with an emergency lighting lamp (9), a noise sensor (10), a vibration sensor (11) and a communication device (12), and the communication device (12) is connected with the noise sensor (10) and the vibration sensor (11).

3. The system for noise absorption and conversion of hydropower plant according to claim 2, characterized in that, The voltage stabilizing filter unit (7) is a UFA42 model.

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