Concentrated drainage system for primary branch-shaped water of tunnel side wall

Abstract

The utility model provides a centralized drainage system for tunnel side wall primary support strand-shaped water, the system is arranged on a tunnel side wall primary support and an inverted arch, the system comprises a plurality of water leakage ports, a plurality of annular drainage pipes and longitudinal drainage pipes, the water leakage ports are arranged in tunnel surrounding rock and are communicated with the annular drainage pipes, and the longitudinal drainage pipes are arranged in the tunnel surrounding rock and are communicated with the annular drainage pipes. The annular drainage pipe is arranged on the surface of a primary support, the longitudinal drainage pipe is arranged on the surface of inverted arch low side wall concrete, the first end of the annular drainage pipe is connected with the longitudinal drainage pipe, and the second end of the annular drainage pipe is connected with an inverted arch side wall drainage ditch. The utility model has the advantages of simple and convenient installation and disassembly, easily available materials, beautiful and standard appearance, capability of effectively improving the construction quality, straight linearity after installation, smooth surface and the like, and meets the standard requirements of the existing tunnel construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, specifically to a centralized drainage system for stream-like water in the initial support of tunnel sidewalls. Background Technology

[0002] With increasingly stringent standardization requirements in tunnel construction, the drainage of runoff at the tunnel face has become a crucial aspect of tunnel and underground engineering, significantly impacting construction safety and the quality of initial support construction. This is especially true when encountering fault zones, water-rich strata, or areas with high groundwater levels, where localized fissure water or runoff may still exist in the sidewalls after the initial support is closed. In such cases, effective drainage of runoff from the initial support is essential for ensuring construction safety, controlling construction quality, and guaranteeing structural integrity.

[0003] For example, according to Liu Jianwei's record of the initial support and drainage construction of the Dabushan Tunnel in the second issue of Highway Tunnel in 2004, after the tunnel excavation, a 5cm thick layer of concrete was first sprayed. Where cracks appeared and water leakage was found, the cracks and the proposed Yas semicircular pipes were smoothed with No. 7.5 mortar. At the cracks and water leakage points, a drainage hole with a diameter of 2cm and a depth of 1m was drilled every 40-50cm along the crack. A Yas semicircular pipe was then laid, fixed with steel nails, and immediately sprayed with a 2cm thick layer of quick-setting concrete under low pressure. The outlet end of the Yas semicircular pipe was led into a collection trough. The longitudinal length of the collection trough was divided into two levels: 40cm when 1-2 Yas semicircular pipes shared one collection trough; 60cm when 3-4 Yas semicircular pipes shared one collection trough; for more than 4 Yas semicircular pipes, a separate collection trough should be installed, and the net distance between the two collection troughs should be greater than 2m. After completing the above procedures, continue spraying concrete in layers to the designed thickness. For any water leakage occurring in each layer, treat as described above and lay Yas semi-circular pipes. Use transverse drainage pipes to divert water from the collection trough into the longitudinal main drainage ditches on both sides of the tunnel. This method requires excavating a collection trough and using semi-circular and transverse drainage pipes for drainage, which increases construction difficulty. According to Guo Shangkun's "Tunnel Initial Support and Drainage Construction Technology" in the 7th issue of Science and Technology Information in 2006, after tunnel excavation, first spray a 5cm thick layer of concrete. Circumferential drainage pipes are laid along the rock surface, consisting of θ116 HDPE single-wall perforated corrugated pipes wrapped with two layers of geotextile. Where cracks appear and water leakage is found, smooth the cracks and the proposed Ω-shaped spring drainage pipes with No. 7.5 mortar. At the cracks where water seepage occurs, drill drainage holes with a diameter of 2cm and a depth of 1m every 40-50cm along the cracks, lay Ω-shaped spring drainage pipes, fix them with steel nails, and immediately spray a 2cm thick layer of quick-setting concrete under low pressure. The outlet end of the Ω-shaped spring drain pipe is introduced into the longitudinal drain pipe, which is then fully connected. After completing the above steps, sprayed concrete is applied in layers to the designed thickness. However, the internal structure of the Ω-shaped spring drain pipe is relatively complex, resulting in a smaller drainage flow rate and a higher risk of clogging. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to address at least one of the aforementioned shortcomings of the existing technology. For example, one objective of this utility model is to provide a standardized, cost-effective, easy-to-install and disassemble, convenient for subsequent construction, and unified drainage system for the centralized drainage of initial support streams of water in tunnel sidewalls.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a centralized drainage system for the initial support stream of water in tunnel sidewalls.

[0006] The centralized drainage system for the initial support of the tunnel sidewall is located on the initial support and invert of the tunnel sidewall. The system includes: multiple water outlets, multiple circumferential drainage pipes and longitudinal drainage pipes.

[0007] The drain outlet is located within the initial support of the tunnel sidewall and is connected to the circumferential drainage pipe.

[0008] The circumferential drainage pipe is located on the initial support surface, and the longitudinal drainage pipe is located on the concrete surface of the low side wall of the invert arch. The first end of the circumferential drainage pipe is connected to the longitudinal drainage pipe, and the second end is connected to the drainage ditch of the side wall of the invert arch.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment of the centralized drainage system for the initial support stream of water in the tunnel sidewall of this utility model, the circumferential drainage pipe and the longitudinal drainage pipe are perpendicular to each other.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment of the centralized drainage system for the initial support stream of water in the tunnel sidewall of this utility model, the diameter of the circumferential drainage pipe can be selected according to the diameter of the leak.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment of the centralized drainage system for the initial support stream of water in the tunnel sidewall of this utility model, when the pipe diameter is less than 5cm, the circumferential drainage pipe can be a corrugated hose, and when the pipe diameter is greater than 5cm, the circumferential drainage pipe can be a water hose.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment of the centralized drainage system for the initial support stream of water in the tunnel sidewall of this utility model, the length of the circumferential drainage pipe extending into the water outlet can be greater than or equal to 50cm.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment of the centralized drainage system for the initial support stream of water in the tunnel sidewall of this utility model, the circumferential drainage pipe and the longitudinal drainage pipe can be fixed to the initial support surface and the concrete surface of the invert arch low sidewall by means of nails and non-woven fabric, respectively.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment of the centralized drainage system for the initial support stream of water in the tunnel sidewall of this utility model, the outside of the circumferential drainage pipe can be smoothed with mortar.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment of the centralized drainage system for the initial support stream of tunnel sidewalls of this utility model, the circumferential drainage pipe and the longitudinal drainage pipe can be arranged parallel to the initial support surface and the concrete surface of the invert arch short sidewall, respectively.

[0016] In an exemplary embodiment of the centralized drainage system for the initial support stream of water in the tunnel sidewall of this utility model, the system may include two longitudinal drainage pipes, each arranged along the left and right sidewalls of the tunnel.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model include at least one of the following:

[0018] (1) This utility model is easy to install. It uses common materials in tunnel construction to achieve drainage and is easy to obtain. Moreover, at the initial support of the sidewall of the tunnel face where water leaks, it is only necessary to install the circumferential drainage pipe and the longitudinal drainage pipe firmly. The installation and disassembly are simple and efficient.

[0019] (2) This utility model can effectively improve the construction quality. After the drainage system drains the stream water on the side wall, it reduces the influence of water flow on the adhesion of sprayed concrete during the spraying process, which is conducive to improving the flatness of the initial support after re-spraying. After the initial support is re-sprayed, it can effectively improve the flatness of the initial support of the working face and the subsequent laying quality of the secondary lining waterproofing board. At the same time, after draining the stream water, it is also convenient for subsequent grouting and water plugging treatment.

[0020] (3) The utility model has a beautiful and standard appearance, and uses a fixed model of drainage pipe, which is fixed circumferentially to the surface of the initial support. Compared with the randomly set drainage device, it has the characteristics of linear straightness and flat surface after installation. The tunnel face with relatively messy construction becomes a construction highlight, which meets the current standardization requirements of tunnel construction. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The above and other objects and / or features of this utility model will become clearer from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0022] Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the centralized drainage system for the initial support stream of water in the tunnel sidewall of this invention is shown.

[0023] Figure 2 A longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the centralized drainage system for the initial support stream of water in the tunnel sidewall of this invention is shown.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0025] 110 - Initial support; 120 - Circumferential drainage pipe; 130 - Longitudinal drainage pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention’s centralized drainage system for stream-like water in the initial support of tunnel sidewalls will be described in detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments.

[0027] It should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" used in this utility model are only for the convenience of description and establishing relative orientation or positional relationships, and do not indicate or imply that the components referred to must have that specific orientation or position. The "first end" of each component can be the "upper end" shown in the figure, and the "second end" can be the "lower end" shown in the figure. The "upper end" and "lower end" are consistent with the up and down directions of the figures themselves, but do not limit the structure of the components disclosed herein. For example, after the orientation of the components shown in the figures changes, the "first end" can also be the "left end" shown in the figure, and the "second end" can be the "right end" shown in the figure, etc. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. "Installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances, and should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0028] Current research on the drainage of stream-like water in the initial support of tunnel faces mainly focuses on drainage before the initial support is established. Effective analysis has not been conducted on stream-like water that persists after the initial support. Furthermore, existing methods suffer from drawbacks such as cumbersome installation and difficulty in drainage when the water flow is large. However, with increasingly stringent standardization requirements in tunnel engineering construction, we must move beyond conventional methods and adopt a centralized drainage device that can effectively address the issue of stream-like water in the sidewalls after the initial support of the tunnel face.

[0029] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a centralized drainage system for the initial support stream of water in tunnel sidewalls.

[0030] In an exemplary embodiment of the centralized drainage system for stream-like water in the initial support of the tunnel sidewall of this utility model, as follows: Figures 1-2 As shown, the system is installed on the initial support 110 of the tunnel sidewall and the invert arch. The system may include: multiple drainage outlets, multiple circumferential drainage pipes 120, and longitudinal drainage pipes 130. Among them, the drainage outlets are located inside the initial support 110 of the tunnel sidewall and can be connected to the circumferential drainage pipes 120; the circumferential drainage pipes 120 are located on the surface of the initial support 110, and the longitudinal drainage pipes 130 are located on the concrete surface of the low sidewall of the invert arch. The first end of the circumferential drainage pipe 120 can be connected to the longitudinal drainage pipe 130, and the second end can be connected to the drainage ditch of the sidewall of the invert arch.

[0031] Optionally, the slope of the longitudinal drainage pipe 130 is the same as the slope of the tunnel.

[0032] Optionally, the diameter of the circumferential drain pipe 120 can be selected according to the diameter of the leak.

[0033] Optionally, when the pipe diameter is less than 5cm, the circumferential drain pipe 120 can be a corrugated hose; when the pipe diameter is greater than or equal to 5cm, the circumferential drain pipe 120 can be a water hose.

[0034] Optionally, the length of the circumferential drain pipe 120 extending into the drain outlet can be greater than or equal to 50cm.

[0035] Optionally, the circumferential drainage pipe 120 and the longitudinal drainage pipe 130 can be fixed to the surface of the initial support 110 and the concrete surface of the low side wall of the invert arch, respectively, by means of nails and non-woven fabric.

[0036] Specifically, non-woven fabric can be cut into strips of equal length and then arranged at equal intervals along the direction perpendicular to the pipeline. The two sides of the non-woven fabric can be fixed to the surface of the initial support by using nails, and then the drainage pipe can be fixed to the side wall by using non-woven fabric.

[0037] Optionally, the outer surface of the circumferential drain pipe 120 can be smoothed with mortar.

[0038] Optionally, the circumferential drainage pipe 120 and the longitudinal drainage pipe 130 can be installed parallel to the surface of the initial support 110 and the concrete surface of the low side wall of the invert arch, respectively.

[0039] Optionally, the system may include two longitudinal drainage pipes 130, each installed along the left and right sidewalls of the tunnel.

[0040] The system works as follows: After the initial support work of the tunnel is completed, the oilfield workers can manually repair the initial support around the leaking section. Then, based on the size of the leak, the diameter of the circumferential drainage pipe is selected. For pipe diameters less than 5cm, corrugated hoses are recommended; for diameters greater than or equal to 5cm, highly flexible hoses are recommended. The circumferential drainage pipe is then inserted into the leak, ensuring an insertion length of at least 50cm. The outer opening is sealed with mortar, and then the drainage pipe is fixed to the surface of the initial support of the tunnel sidewall using nails and non-woven fabric. A longitudinal drainage pipe is installed on each of the left and right sidewalls of the tunnel, and is similarly fixed above the concrete surface of the invert arch's low sidewall using nails and non-woven fabric. Finally, the outlet of the circumferential drainage pipe is connected to the longitudinal drainage pipe, allowing the leaking water from the sidewall to be discharged from the working face through the drainage ditch of the invert arch sidewall.

[0041] Although the present invention has been described above in conjunction with exemplary embodiments and accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications can be made to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A centralized drainage system for tunnel side wall primary support stock water, said system is arranged on the tunnel side wall primary support and inverted arch, characterized in that, The system comprises a plurality of water leakage outlets, a plurality of ring-shaped drainage pipes and longitudinal drainage pipes, wherein, The water leakage outlets are arranged in the initial support of the tunnel side wall and are in communication with the ring-shaped drainage pipes; The ring-shaped drainage pipes are arranged on the surface of the initial support, and the longitudinal drainage pipes are arranged on the surface of the inverted arch low side wall concrete, the first end of the ring-shaped drainage pipe is connected with the longitudinal drainage pipe, and the second end is connected with the inverted arch side wall drainage ditch.

2. The tunnel side wall primary support stock water concentrated drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slope of the longitudinal drainage pipe is the same as the slope of the tunnel.

3. The tunnel side wall primary support stock water concentrated drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pipe diameter of the ring-shaped drainage pipe is selected according to the caliber of the water leakage outlet.

4. The tunnel side wall primary support stock water concentrated drainage system according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the pipe diameter is less than 5 cm, the ring-shaped drainage pipe is a corrugated hose, and when the pipe diameter is greater than or equal to 5 cm, the ring-shaped drainage pipe is a water hose.

5. The tunnel side wall primary support stock water centralized drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the ring-shaped drainage pipe extending into the water leakage outlet is greater than or equal to 50 cm.

6. The tunnel side wall primary support stock water centralized drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring-shaped drainage pipe and the longitudinal drainage pipe are fixed on the surface of the initial support and the surface of the inverted arch low side wall concrete respectively by nailing and non-woven fabric.

7. The tunnel side wall primary support stock water centralized drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring-shaped drainage pipe is smoothed by mortar outside.

8. The tunnel side wall primary support stock water concentration and drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring-shaped drainage pipe and the longitudinal drainage pipe are arranged in parallel along the surface of the initial support and the surface of the inverted arch low side wall concrete respectively.

9. The tunnel side wall primary support stock water concentration and drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system comprises two longitudinal drainage pipes, and each is arranged along the left and right side walls of the tunnel.

Images