Power assembly and electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a power assembly and an electric vehicle, the power assembly comprises a shell and an end cover, the end cover and the shell define a containing cavity, the containing cavity contains a transmission shaft of a speed reducer, the end cover in the axial direction of the power assembly comprises a containing groove, and the containing groove contains a bearing of the speed reducer; one oil way is communicated with one oil port and one containing groove of the shell of the power assembly, and comprises an inclined oil way which is inclined relative to the plane where the radial direction of one containing groove is located and the axial direction of the containing groove. And one oil way provides directional guide for lubricating oil and directly lubricates the bearing, so that the working efficiency is improved. An inclined oil way shortens a lubricating oil conveying path, the speed of lubricating oil reaching the bearing is increased, and the abrasion risk of key components caused by lubrication delay is reduced; the inclined layout of the inclined oil way fully adapts to the thickness of the end cover, and the situation that the size of the end cover is too large because the oil way is too long and too deep is avoided. The inclined oil way replaces a multi-section bent or layered oil way, so that the machining difficulty and the manufacturing cost of the end cover are reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to a power assembly and an electric vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicle industry, in order to meet the requirements of high power density, high speed and high efficiency of vehicle driving, new energy vehicle motor gradually evolves towards high speed and large torque. The driving motor needs to have high power and high speed, which puts higher requirements on the cooling and lubricating system of the reducer bearing. At present, the oil circuit is usually integrated on the motor shell, and the reducer bearing mainly relies on the rotation of the gear and differential to carry lubricating oil to the bearing and other components for cooling and lubrication. However, this scheme cannot ensure that the bearing obtains sufficient and uniform lubrication at high speed, and the integration of the oil circuit on the motor shell may cause uneven distribution of oil. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0003] The present application provides a power assembly, comprising a shell and an end cover, the end cover and the shell are used to enclose a containing cavity, the containing cavity is used to contain a transmission shaft of a reducer of the power assembly, the end cover comprises one containing groove along the axial direction of the power assembly, the one containing groove is used to contain one bearing of the reducer, wherein: the end cover encloses one oil circuit, the one oil circuit is used to communicate one oil port of the shell of the power assembly and the one containing groove, the one oil circuit comprises an inclined oil circuit, the inclined oil circuit is inclined relative to the plane where the radial direction of the one containing groove and the axial direction are located. The power assembly provided by the present application provides directional guidance to the lubricating oil through one oil circuit, directly cools and lubricates the bearing, improves the cooling efficiency, and is conducive to the continuous operation of the power assembly. The inclined oil circuit shortens the lubricating oil conveying path, accelerates the speed of the lubricating oil reaching the bearing, and reduces the risk of wear of key components caused by delayed lubrication; the inclined layout of the inclined oil circuit fully adapts to the thickness of the end cover, avoiding the oversize of the end cover caused by the too long and too deep oil circuit; and the design of the inclined oil circuit instead of the complex design of multiple bending or layered oil circuit reduces the processing difficulty and manufacturing cost of the end cover.

[0004] In a possible implementation manner, the end cover includes a joint surface along an axial direction of the one accommodating groove, and the inclined oil passage includes an opening for penetrating through the joint surface. The joint surface and the outer wall surface of the shell are completely sealed by a sealing ring or sealing glue, so that the sealing of the accommodating cavity is ensured, the leakage of lubricating oil in the accommodating cavity from the joint between the end cover and the shell is avoided, and the installation environment of the speed reducer is more closed, so that the interference of external dust or foreign matters is reduced. The opening is a process hole for injection molding or mechanical processing of the oil passage channel during manufacturing. The opening is used for communication with an oil port of the shell of the power assembly, and the opening is opposite to the oil port after the end cover is assembled and fixed with the shell. The opening introduces the lubricating oil in the shell into the inclined oil passage through the oil port, and the lubricating oil enters the one accommodating groove through the inclined oil passage to directionally cool the bearing. The opening can be an injection hole, and in this case, a part of the outer wall surface of the shell opposite to the opening along the axial direction of the one accommodating groove is in a closed state. After the end cover is assembled and fixed with the shell, the outer wall surface of the shell directly covers the opening, and sealing is achieved through contact pressure to block the inclined oil passage to prevent oil leakage.

[0005] In a possible implementation manner, the inclined oil passage is inclined away from the shell along the joint surface. The extension direction of the inclined oil passage is deviated to the outside of the axial direction of the end cover, which helps the inclined oil passage to bypass the active area of the half shaft and the gear, avoids the contact between the inclined oil passage and the moving parts, and reduces the risk of friction or collision. The inclined oil passage connects the opening and the one accommodating groove in the shortest path, reduces the bending caused by avoidance, and further simplifies the layout. Under high-speed operation of the power assembly, the inclined oil passage does not have abnormal vibration or interference noise with the half shaft and the gear, so that the stable delivery of the lubricating oil to the one accommodating groove is ensured. When the power assembly needs to be maintained, the inclined oil passage can be repaired or cleaned without disassembling the half shaft and the gear. The inclined direction of the inclined oil passage is suitable for multiple power assemblies, and only the inclined angle of the inclined oil passage needs to be adjusted to adapt to different layouts of the half shaft and the gear.

[0006] In a possible implementation manner, the opening is in an elliptical shape. The axis of the opening is inclined to the plane where the joint surface is located, so that the inclined oil passage extends more close to the outside of the axial direction of the end cover, which helps to avoid the active area of the half shaft and the gear. The elliptical opening covers a larger area than a circular opening, so that even if the position of the oil port is slightly offset, the elliptical opening can still be completely aligned to ensure the smoothness of the oil passage. The elliptical opening can be processed and formed by one-time inclined drilling, without multi-angle punching, which is helpful for batch manufacturing of the power assembly.

[0007] In a possible implementation manner, a length of the inclined oil passage along an axial direction of the one accommodating groove is greater than or equal to a distance between the joint surface and a groove bottom of the one accommodating groove. When a bearing needs to be installed into the one accommodating groove, the inclined oil passage does not interfere with the installation of the bearing of the transmission shaft of the speed reducer in the one accommodating groove, and the bearing can be press-fitted without the inclined oil passage.

[0008] In a possible implementation manner, the one oil passage includes a passage, the passage is used for communicating the inclined oil passage and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the one accommodating groove, and the passage includes an oil outlet hole used for penetrating an inner wall of the one accommodating groove and used for communicating the one accommodating groove. An axis of the passage is parallel to a plane in which the groove bottom of the one accommodating groove is located, and the passage is arranged to facilitate reducing processing difficulty and avoiding an excessively thick end cover. Lubricating oil enters the passage from the inclined oil passage, and the inclination of the inclined oil passage facilitates the flow of the lubricating oil. One end of the inclined oil passage is communicated with the passage, and the lubricating oil is directionally delivered to the one accommodating groove through the oil outlet hole of the passage, thereby increasing active lubrication of the bearing. The transition connection of the inclined oil passage and the passage helps to reduce the internal pressure of the one oil passage and prevent the lubricating oil from overflowing from the accommodating cavity.

[0009] In a possible implementation manner, a distance between the inclined oil passage and an axial line of the one accommodating groove along a radial direction of the one accommodating groove is greater than a radius of the one accommodating groove. The inclined oil passage does not interfere with the one accommodating groove, and the inclined oil passage does not occupy the installation space of the one accommodating groove. When a bearing needs to be installed, the bearing can be directly press-fitted into the one accommodating groove, and no other structure is blocked in the one accommodating groove.

[0010] In a possible implementation manner, the one accommodating groove is used for accommodating a bearing of an intermediate shaft of the speed reducer, the end cover includes another accommodating groove used for accommodating a bearing of an output shaft of the speed reducer, the one oil passage includes another passage used for being located on two sides of the one accommodating groove in a radial direction of the another accommodating groove, the another passage includes another opening used for communicating the one oil port, and the inclined oil passage is used for communicating the another passage and the one accommodating groove. The another passage is located on two sides of the one accommodating groove in the radial direction of the another accommodating groove, and the another passage does not interfere with the installation of the bearing of the intermediate shaft or the bearing of the output shaft. The another passage bypasses the outside of the another accommodating groove, and a hole does not need to be forcibly drilled in a narrow area of the end cover, thereby reducing processing difficulty. The another passage and the inclined oil passage can be respectively pulled out through the another opening and the one opening, and the segmented design facilitates direct molding of a mold, does not need complex post-processing, and the pulling out in different directions can avoid demolding difficulty.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, the end cover comprises an oil outlet, the oil outlet is used for penetrating through the end cover along an axial direction of the one accommodating groove, and is used for discharging lubricating oil in the accommodating cavity; the other opening is used for being located on the same side of the one accommodating groove as the one oil outlet along a radial direction of the one accommodating groove; and the one opening is used for being located on two sides of the one accommodating groove as the one oil outlet along the radial direction of the one accommodating groove. The other opening is connected to the filter in a position opposite to the filter, which is beneficial to reducing pipeline bending; the other opening and the one opening are arranged on two sides of the one accommodating groove along the radial direction, and do not interfere with each other. The inclined oil passage bypasses the other accommodating groove of the bearing of the output shaft, which can avoid processing a complex oil passage in a narrow area of the end cover. The one opening is designed on the top of the end cover, and the inclined oil passage can be formed by opening and closing the mold in one direction, without an additional inclined demolding action.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, the other passage comprises a third opening, the third opening is used for penetrating through an end face of the end cover along an axial direction of the one accommodating groove, is used for being located on two sides of the one accommodating groove as the one oil outlet along a radial direction of the one accommodating groove, and is used for being connected to the other oil port of the housing. The other oil port is used for delivering lubricating oil to other structures, such as a motor slot or an electric control slot. One oil passage can lubricate the one accommodating groove, the other accommodating groove, a motor, an electric control and the like at the same time, reducing additional oil passage design; and the existing other passage and the opening of the closing surface are used to realize oil distribution, avoiding adding a complex oil passage on the end cover.

[0013] In a possible implementation manner, the other passage comprises a fourth opening, the fourth opening is used for penetrating through an inner wall of the other accommodating groove, and is used for connecting the other passage and the other accommodating groove. The fourth opening is used for lubricating the bearing of the output shaft, so that the lubricating oil passage of the bearing of the output shaft is independently distributed from the lubricating oil passage of the bearing of the intermediate shaft, avoiding cross interference, and ensuring uniform lubrication of the bearings at two positions.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner, the one oil passage comprises a through port, the through port is used for penetrating through an inner wall of the one oil passage and an outer wall surface of the end cover, the through port is located on an outer side of the one accommodating groove along a radial direction, and is used for being connected to at least one oil guide nozzle, the one oil guide nozzle is used for spraying oil to at least one gear of the input shaft, the intermediate shaft and the output shaft of the speed reducer. The oil guide nozzle disperses the lubricating oil into fine oil mist or directional oil flow, and sprays the lubricating oil to the meshing position of the gear respectively, so that the lubricating oil uniformly penetrates into the gear gap in the process of gear rotation, and friction and temperature are reduced. The through port is located on the outer side of the one accommodating groove along the radial direction, which not only ensures the installation space of the oil guide nozzle, and avoids components such as bearings and bolts, but also enables the lubricating oil spraying path to cover the side direction of multiple gears, and precise lubrication of gears with different heights can be realized by adjusting the angle of the oil guide nozzle.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the one accommodating groove is configured to accommodate a bearing of the input shaft of the speed reducer, and the one opening is configured to communicate with the one oil port. The lubricating oil in the one oil passage is used to cool and lubricate the bearing of the input shaft of the speed reducer accommodated in the one accommodating groove.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the power assembly comprises an oil pump and a filter, the oil pump, the filter and the one oil port are sequentially communicated, and at least part of a flow path between the filter and the one oil port is inclined relative to the axial direction of the one accommodating groove. The filter effectively intercepts particles in the lubricating oil, avoids scratches caused by impurities entering the friction surface of the bearing, and the inclination of at least part of the flow path is driven by the pressure of the oil pump, so that the lubricating oil flows more smoothly, and is particularly suitable for the rapid oil supply requirement in a high-speed scene; the oil pump, the filter and at least part of the flow path form an inclined channel, which saves installation space and facilitates disassembly and maintenance.

[0017] The application further provides an electric vehicle, comprising a power assembly and wheels, wherein the power assembly is configured to drive one or more of the wheels to rotate. The power assembly generates power and transmits the power to the wheels, and the wheels drive the electric vehicle to move forward by using the power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0019] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power assembly provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0020] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an end cover provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0021] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power assembly provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0022] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a power assembly provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0023] Figure 6 FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a power assembly provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0024] Figure 7 FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an end cover provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0025] Figure 8 FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a shell provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0026] Figure 9 FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an end cover provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of an end cap provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of an end cap provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of an end cap provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of an end cap provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Cross-sectional view at point AA;

[0032] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a powertrain provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 16 yes Figure 13 Cross-sectional view at point AA;

[0034] Figure 17 yes Figure 13 Cross-sectional view at point BB. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] In the field of new energy vehicle powertrain technology, with the widespread adoption of high power density and ultra-high speed operating conditions of drive motors, higher requirements are placed on the cooling and lubrication effects of reducer bearings. Common powertrains generally adopt an integrated oil circuit design within the motor housing, relying on the rotation of gears and differentials to carry lubricating oil to bearings and other components for lubrication and heat dissipation. This approach has significant drawbacks under high-speed continuous operation: firstly, as the motor speed increases sharply, the heat generated by bearing friction increases rapidly, and the oil supply efficiency cannot match the heat dissipation demand, easily leading to excessive local temperature rise in the bearings, causing lubrication failure, material fatigue, and even the risk of sintering; secondly, the oil circuit system integrated into the motor housing is limited by space layout, making it difficult to achieve precise directional distribution of lubricant in the reducer bearing area. Especially for multi-stage reduction structures or complex shaft arrangements, problems such as insufficient lubrication of distant bearings can easily occur, significantly reducing the dynamic load-bearing capacity and durability of the bearings. Existing lubrication solutions are insufficient to meet the reliability requirements of new energy vehicles under high-speed and high-power scenarios. There is an urgent need to develop an active, controllable, efficient, and directional cooling and lubrication system to ensure the stable operation of the powertrain under high-load conditions.

[0037] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a powertrain capable of directly lubricating a reducer bearing. The powertrain includes a housing and an end cover, which enclose a receiving cavity for accommodating the drive shaft of the reducer. Along the axial direction of the powertrain, the end cover includes a receiving groove for accommodating a bearing of the reducer. The end cover encloses an oil passage connecting an oil port in the powertrain housing and the receiving groove. The oil passage includes a section of inclined oil path that is inclined both radially and axially relative to the receiving groove. The powertrain provided in this application provides directional guidance of lubricating oil through an oil passage, directly cooling and lubricating the bearing, improving cooling efficiency and facilitating continuous operation of the powertrain. The inclined oil circuit shortens the lubricating oil delivery path, speeds up the arrival of lubricating oil at the bearing, and reduces the risk of wear on critical components caused by lubrication delay. The inclined layout of the inclined oil circuit is fully adapted to the thickness of the end cap, avoiding the end cap size being too large due to excessively long or deep oil circuits. Furthermore, the inclined oil circuit design replaces the complex design of multiple bends or layered oil circuits, reducing the processing difficulty and manufacturing cost of the end cap.

[0038] This application provides an electric vehicle 1, please refer to... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the electric vehicle 1 includes a powertrain 10 and a plurality of wheels 20. The powertrain 10 is responsible for generating driving force and transmitting power to the wheels 20 to drive the electric vehicle 1. In one embodiment, the electric vehicle 1 further includes a power battery 30, which is electrically connected to the powertrain 10. The powertrain 10 receives electrical energy from the power battery 30, converts it into mechanical energy, and then transmits the mechanical energy to the wheels 20.

[0039] Please continue reading. Figure 1 In this embodiment, the powertrain 10 is used to drive the two front wheels 210 of the electric vehicle 1, or to drive the two rear wheels 220 of the electric vehicle 1. In one embodiment, there are two powertrains 10, one powertrain 10 is used to drive the two front wheels 210 of the electric vehicle 1, and the other powertrain 10 is used to drive the two rear wheels 220 of the electric vehicle 1.

[0040] In one embodiment, the number of wheels 20 of the electric vehicle 1 is at least two, such as the electric vehicle 1 can be a two-wheeled, three-wheeled or four-wheeled vehicle. In one embodiment, the electric vehicle 1 comprises a battery electric vehicle (BEV), a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) and a range extended electric vehicle (REEV).

[0041] In one embodiment, the power assembly 10 provided by the present application is shown in FIG. 1. The power assembly 10 comprises a drive motor 110 and a speed reducer 120. The drive motor 110 converts the electric energy from the power battery 30 into mechanical energy and outputs the rotational power through a motor shaft 111. The speed reducer 120 receives the power from the motor shaft 111 and adjusts the power so that the power can be effectively transmitted to the wheels 20 to drive the electric vehicle 1 to move forward. Figure 2 Figure 2 In one embodiment, the power assembly 10 provided by the present application is shown in FIG. 1. The power assembly 10 comprises a drive motor 110 and a speed reducer 120. The drive motor 110 converts the electric energy from the power battery 30 into mechanical energy and outputs the rotational power through a motor shaft 111. The speed reducer 120 receives the power from the motor shaft 111 and adjusts the power so that the power can be effectively transmitted to the wheels 20 to drive the electric vehicle 1 to move forward.

[0042] In one embodiment, the power assembly 10 provided by the present application is shown in FIG. 1. The power assembly 10 comprises a drive motor 110 and a speed reducer 120. The drive motor 110 converts the electric energy from the power battery 30 into mechanical energy and outputs the rotational power through a motor shaft 111. The speed reducer 120 receives the power from the motor shaft 111 and adjusts the power so that the power can be effectively transmitted to the wheels 20 to drive the electric vehicle 1 to move forward. Figure 2 Figure 3 In one embodiment, the power assembly 10 provided by the present application is shown in FIG. 1. The power assembly 10 comprises a drive motor 110 and a speed reducer 120. The drive motor 110 converts the electric energy from the power battery 30 into mechanical energy and outputs the rotational power through a motor shaft 111. The speed reducer 120 receives the power from the motor shaft 111 and adjusts the power so that the power can be effectively transmitted to the wheels 20 to drive the electric vehicle 1 to move forward. Figure 3 In one embodiment, the power assembly 10 provided by the present application is shown in FIG. 1. The power assembly 10 comprises a drive motor 110 and a speed reducer 120. The drive motor 110 converts the electric energy from the power battery 30 into mechanical energy and outputs the rotational power through a motor shaft 111. The speed reducer 120 receives the power from the motor shaft 111 and adjusts the power so that the power can be effectively transmitted to the wheels 20 to drive the electric vehicle 1 to move forward.

[0043] Figure 2 In one embodiment, the power assembly 10 provided by the present application is shown in FIG. 1. The power assembly 10 comprises a drive motor 110 and a speed reducer 120. The drive motor 110 converts the electric energy from the power battery 30 into mechanical energy and outputs the rotational power through a motor shaft 111. The speed reducer 120 receives the power from the motor shaft 111 and adjusts the power so that the power can be effectively transmitted to the wheels 20 to drive the electric vehicle 1 to move forward. Figure 4 Figure 5 In one embodiment, the power assembly 10 provided by the present application is shown in FIG. 1. The power assembly 10 comprises a drive motor 110 and a speed reducer 120. The drive motor 110 converts the electric energy from the power battery 30 into mechanical energy and outputs the rotational power through a motor shaft 111. The speed reducer 120 receives the power from the motor shaft 111 and adjusts the power so that the power can be effectively transmitted to the wheels 20 to drive the electric vehicle 1 to move forward. Figure 6 Figure 7 In one embodiment, the power assembly 10 provided by the present application is shown in FIG. 1. The power assembly 10 comprises a drive motor 110 and a speed reducer 120. The drive motor 110 converts the electric energy from the power battery 30 into mechanical energy and outputs the rotational power through a motor shaft 111. The speed reducer 120 receives the power from the motor shaft 111 and adjusts the power so that the power can be effectively transmitted to the wheels 20 to drive the electric vehicle 1 to move forward. Figure 8 Figure 4 In one embodiment, the power assembly 10 provided by the present application is shown in FIG. 1. The power assembly 10 comprises a drive motor 110 and a speed reducer 120. The drive motor 110 converts the electric energy from the power battery 30 into mechanical energy and outputs the rotational power through a motor shaft 111. The speed reducer 120 receives the power from the motor shaft 111 and adjusts the power so that the power can be effectively transmitted to the wheels 20 to drive the electric vehicle 1 to move forward. Figure 5 Figure 6 In one embodiment, the power assembly 10 provided by the present application is shown in FIG. 1. The power assembly 10 comprises a drive motor 110 and a speed reducer 120. The drive motor 110 converts the electric energy from the power battery 30 into mechanical energy and outputs the rotational power through a motor shaft 111. The speed reducer 120 receives the power from the motor shaft 111 and adjusts the power so that the power can be effectively transmitted to the wheels 20 to drive the electric vehicle 1 to move forward. Figure 7 ​​​​​​​A schematic view of an end cover provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 8 A schematic view of a housing provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 In an embodiment of the present application, the power assembly 10 includes a housing 130 and an end cover 40, which are used to enclose a receiving cavity 131. Specifically, along the axial direction of the power assembly 10, the outer wall surface 132 of the housing 130 and the side wall surface of the end cover 40 enclose the receiving cavity 131. In an embodiment, the end cover 40 is annular or disc-shaped in whole, and is usually made of aluminum alloy or engineering plastic. In an embodiment, the housing 130 and the end cover 40 are fixedly connected, and the fixing mode includes bolts, flanges, welding or adhesion, etc.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 , Figure 9 A schematic view of an end cover provided in an embodiment of the present application, in which the receiving cavity 131 is used to accommodate the transmission shaft of the speed reducer 120 of the power assembly 10, for example, the receiving cavity 131 can be used to accommodate the input shaft 121, the intermediate shaft 122 and the output shaft 123 of the speed reducer 120; the receiving cavity 413 can also be used to accommodate the gear 125 of the speed reducer 120. Along the axial direction of the power assembly 10, the end cover 40 includes a receiving groove 410, and one receiving groove 410 is used to accommodate the bearing 126 of the speed reducer 120. Specifically, one receiving groove 410 is in the form of a circular annular pit, and the inner diameter of one receiving groove 410 is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the bearing 126. The outer ring of the bearing 126 is used to connect the inner wall of one receiving groove 410, and the inner ring of the bearing 126 is used to fix the transmission shaft of the speed reducer 120, which helps to ensure that the bearing 126 remains stable during operation and avoids abnormal wear caused by deviation.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 7 In an embodiment of the present application, the end cover 40 encloses an oil passage 420. In an embodiment, one oil passage 420 is completely embedded in the interior of the end cover 40, which is beneficial to avoid the risk of falling off or breaking of the external oil passage during the vibration of the electric vehicle 1. In an embodiment, one oil passage 420 is directly arranged in the end cover 40, without the need to add additional pipelines, joints and other components, which can reduce the assembly complexity and failure rate of the power assembly 10; and there is no external pipeline interference, which is beneficial to optimize the structure of the power assembly 10, so that the structure of the power assembly 10 is more compact.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 andFigure 8 In the embodiment of the present application, one oil passage 420 is used to connect one oil port 133 of the housing 130 of the power assembly 10 and one accommodating groove 410. In one embodiment, one end of the oil passage 430 includes a through hole 421, which is the oil inlet of the oil passage 430, and the through hole 421 penetrates through the side wall of the end cover 40 along the axial direction of the power assembly 10 and is in communication with the oil port 133. In one embodiment, the oil port 133 is the opening of the oil passage of the housing 130 of the power assembly 10 on the outer wall surface 132 of the housing 130 of the power assembly 10. In one embodiment, the through hole 421 and the oil port 133 are designed in alignment, so that the lubricating oil in the oil passage of the housing 130 of the power assembly 10 can enter the oil passage 420 of the end cover 40. In one embodiment, the alignment position of the through hole 421 and the oil port 133 can be sealed by sealing glue or a sealing ring to ensure that the lubricating oil does not leak during the process of entering the oil passage 420 of the end cover 40 from the oil passage of the housing 130 of the power assembly 10.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 In one embodiment, at least one of the other end of the oil passage 420 or the side wall of the oil passage 420 includes another through hole 422, which is the oil outlet of the oil passage 420; the other through hole 422 penetrates through the inner wall of the accommodating groove 410, and the oil passage 420 and the accommodating groove 410 are in communication through the other through hole 422, so that the lubricating oil in the oil passage 420 can directly enter the accommodating groove 410 through the other through hole 422, and cool and lubricate the bearing 126 in the accommodating groove 410. In one embodiment, after the lubricating oil is lubricated, it flows out of the bearing 126 and is thrown back to the bottom space of the accommodating cavity 131 following the rotation of the gear 125 of the speed reducer 120, immerses the oil return hole of the housing 130, is pressurized by the oil pump 140, and then enters the oil passage again for recycling.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 In the embodiment of the present application, the oil passage 420 includes an inclined oil passage 430, which is inclined relative to the radial plane of the accommodating groove 410 and the axial direction. The radial plane of the accommodating groove 410 is the YZ plane in the figure, and the axial direction of the accommodating groove 410 is the X axis direction in the figure, so that the inclined oil passage 430 forms an inclined angle relative to the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis in the figure. By setting the inclined oil passage 430, the spatial layout of the oil passage 420 in the end cover 40 is optimized, so that the turning or complex structure is reduced, and the lubricating efficiency is improved.

[0050] In the power assembly 10, the oil pump 140 drives the lubricating oil to the filter 150 after the oil pump 140 returns the lubricating oil. After the filter 150 filters the lubricating oil, part of the lubricating oil is transported to a through hole 421 through an oil channel of the housing 130 through an oil port 133. At this time, the pressure of the lubricating oil can be directly transmitted to an oil channel 420 of the end cover 40. The lubricating oil flows along the oil channel 420, passes through an inclined oil channel 430 to another through hole 422, and the another through hole 422 penetrates the inner wall of the accommodating groove 410. The lubricating oil directly enters the accommodating groove 410 to complete the directional cooling and lubrication of the bearing 126, instead of the traditional design relying on the lubrication scheme of the lubricating oil splashing. Moreover, another part of the lubricating oil filtered by the filter 150 can enter the motor shaft 111 to lubricate the motor shaft 111.

[0051] The oil channel 420 in the end cover 40 provides directional guidance for the lubricating oil, directional cooling and lubrication for the bearing 126, improves the cooling efficiency, and is beneficial to the continuous operation of the power assembly 10. The inclined oil channel 430 shortens the lubricating oil transport path, accelerates the speed of the lubricating oil reaching the bearing 126, and reduces the risk of wear of key components caused by delayed lubrication. The inclined layout of the inclined oil channel 430 fully adapts to the thickness of the end cover 40, avoids the problem of excessive size of the end cover caused by too long and too deep oil channel, and designs the inclined oil channel 430 instead of the complex design of multiple bending or layered oil channel, thereby reducing the processing difficulty and manufacturing cost of the end cover 40.

[0052] In the embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figure 7 , the end cover 40 includes a joint surface 440 along the axial direction of the accommodating groove 410, and the inclined oil channel 430 includes an opening 431 penetrating the joint surface 440.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in an embodiment, the end cover 40 includes a groove 450, and a groove opening 451 of the groove 450 is located on the same side of the axial direction of the accommodating groove 410 as an outer wall surface 132 of the housing 130. The joint surface 440 is used to surround the groove opening 451 of the groove 450 and is used to connect the outer wall surface 132 of the housing 130. In an embodiment, the joint surface 440 is a flat annular wall surface. In an embodiment, the joint surface 440 is fixedly connected with the outer wall surface 132 of the housing 130, and the fixed connection mode includes bolt connection, adhesive connection, welding connection, flange connection and the like. In an embodiment, the joint surface 440 and the outer wall surface 132 of the housing 130 are completely sealed by a sealing ring or sealing glue, so as to ensure the sealing of the accommodating cavity 131 and prevent the lubricating oil in the accommodating cavity 131 from leaking from the connection between the end cover 40 and the housing 130. Moreover, the installation environment of the speed reducer 120 is more closed, and the interference of external dust or foreign matters is reduced.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 In an embodiment, the inclined oil passage 430 includes an opening 431 for penetrating the joint surface 440 in the axial direction. In an embodiment, the opening 431 is a process hole for injection molding or machining the oil passage channel during manufacturing. In an embodiment, the opening 431 is used to communicate with an oil port 133 of the housing 130 of the power assembly 10, and the opening 431 is directly opposite to the oil port 133 after the end cover 40 is assembled and fixed with the housing 130. The opening 431 introduces the lubricating oil in the housing 130 into the inclined oil passage 430 through the oil port 133, and the lubricating oil enters the accommodating groove 410 through the inclined oil passage 430 to directively cool the bearing 126. In an embodiment, the opening 431 is only an injection hole, and the part of the outer wall surface 132 of the housing 130 opposite to the opening 431 along the axial direction of the accommodating groove 410 is in a closed state. After the end cover 40 is assembled and fixed with the housing 130, the outer wall surface 132 of the housing 130 directly covers the opening 431, and the sealing is achieved through the contact pressure to block the inclined oil passage 430 to prevent oil leakage.

[0055] In the embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 , Figure 10 a schematic view of the end cover provided in the embodiments of the present application, Figure 11 a schematic view of the end cover provided in the embodiments of the present application, and the inclined oil passage 430 is inclined to the direction away from the housing 130 along the joint surface 440.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11In an embodiment, the extension direction of the inclined oil passage 430 is inclined to the axial outer side of the end cover 40, which helps the inclined oil passage 430 to bypass the active area of the half shaft 124 and the gear 125, avoids the contact between the inclined oil passage 430 and the moving parts, and reduces the risk of friction or collision. In this embodiment, the gear 125 includes at least one of the gear 1211 of the input shaft 121, the gear 1221 of the intermediate shaft 122, and the gear 1231 of the output shaft 123, and the gear 1231 of the output shaft 123 is taken as an example. The inclined oil passage 430 connects the opening 431 and the accommodating groove 410 in the shortest path, reduces the bending caused by avoidance, and further simplifies the layout. If the oil passage is designed horizontally or vertically, that is, in the XY plane and the YZ plane in the figure, the half shaft 124 and the gear 125 need to be bypassed to avoid multiple corners, resulting in a long path and occupying space, causing the end cover 40 to be too thick. Under the condition of high-speed operation of the power assembly 10, the inclined oil passage 430 does not have abnormal vibration or interference noise with the half shaft 124 and the gear 125, and ensures stable delivery of lubricating oil to the accommodating groove 410. When the power assembly 10 needs to be maintained, the half shaft 124 and the gear 125 do not need to be disassembled, and the inclined oil passage 430 can be repaired or cleaned. In an embodiment, the inclined direction of the inclined oil passage 430 is suitable for multiple power assemblies 10, and only the inclined angle of the inclined oil passage 430 needs to be adjusted to adapt to different layouts of the half shaft 124 and the gear 125.

[0057] In the embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figure 7 , the opening 431 is oval. The inclined oil passage 430 includes an opening 431 on the joint surface 440, and the axis of the inclined oil passage 430 is inclined relative to the plane on which the joint surface 440 is located, so that the opening 431 is oval.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 9 , in an embodiment, the axis of the opening 431 is inclined relative to the plane on which the joint surface 440 is located, so that the inclined oil passage 430 extends more close to the axial outer side of the end cover 40 as a whole, which helps to avoid the active area of the half shaft 124 and the gear 125. In an embodiment, the oval opening 431 has a larger coverage area than a circular opening, so that even if the position of the oil port 133 is slightly offset, the oval opening 431 can still be completely aligned, ensuring smooth oil passage. In an embodiment, the oval opening 431 can be formed by one-time inclined drilling, without the need for multi-angle punching, which helps the batch manufacturing of the power assembly 10.

[0059] In the embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 , Figure 12A schematic view of the end cover provided in the embodiments of the present application, the length L1 of the axial oil channel 430 along the one accommodating groove 410 is greater than or equal to the distance L2 between the joint surface 440 and the groove bottom 411 of the one accommodating groove 410.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 9 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 In one embodiment, the length of the axial oil channel 430 along the one accommodating groove 410 is the length of the axial oil channel 430 along the X axis in the drawing, which is equal to the vertical distance between the groove bottom 411 of the one accommodating groove 410 and the joint surface 440, and the axial oil channel 430 extends to the side of the end cover 40 away from the joint surface 440 along the axial direction of the one accommodating groove 410, i.e., the back side of the end cover 40. When the bearing 126 needs to be installed into the one accommodating groove 410, the axial oil channel 430 will not interfere with the installation of the bearing 126 of the transmission shaft of the speed reducer 120 in the one accommodating groove 410, and the axial oil channel 430 can be avoided when the bearing 126 is pressed. In one embodiment, the bearings 126 of the transmission shaft of the speed reducer 120 are directed towards the housing 130 along the axial direction of the one accommodating groove 410, and the bearings 126 of the transmission shaft of the speed reducer 120 include the bearing 1212 of the input shaft 121, the bearing 1222 of the intermediate shaft 122, and the bearing 1232 of the output shaft 123.

[0061] In the embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 11 One oil channel 420 includes a passage 423, the passage 423 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the one accommodating groove 410, the passage 423 is used to communicate with the axial oil channel 430, and the passage 423 includes an oil outlet hole 4231, the oil outlet hole 4231 is used to penetrate the inner wall of the one accommodating groove 410 and is used to communicate with the one accommodating groove 410.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 7In an embodiment, the oil port 133, the inclined oil passage 430, the passage 423 and the accommodating groove 410 are sequentially communicated. In an embodiment, the axis of the passage 423 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the accommodating groove 410. In an embodiment, the axis of the passage 423 is parallel to the plane on which the groove bottom 411 of the accommodating groove 410 is located, and the provision of the passage 423 facilitates reducing the processing difficulty and avoiding the over-thickness of the end cover 40. In an embodiment, one end or the inner wall of the passage 423 comprises an oil outlet hole 4231 which penetrates the inner wall of the accommodating groove 410, and the inner wall of the accommodating groove 410 comprises a side wall and a bottom wall. In an embodiment, the lubricating oil enters the passage 423 from the inclined oil passage 430, the inclination of the inclined oil passage 430 facilitates the flow of the lubricating oil, one end of the inclined oil passage 430 is communicated with the passage 423, and the lubricating oil is directionally delivered to the accommodating groove 410 through the oil outlet hole 4231 on the passage 423 to increase the active lubrication of the bearing 126. If the inclined oil passage 430 is directly communicated with the accommodating groove 410, the length of the deepened inclined oil passage 430 in the axial direction of the accommodating groove 410 is required, which will cause the over-thickness of the end cover 40 and is not conducive to the processing and stable operation of the power assembly 10. In an embodiment, the transition connection of the inclined oil passage 430 and the passage 423 helps to reduce the internal pressure of the oil passage 420 and prevent the lubricating oil from overflowing from the accommodating cavity 131.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 12 In an embodiment, the length L3 of the passage 423 in the axial direction of the accommodating groove 410 is greater than or equal to the distance L2 between the joint surface 440 and the groove bottom 411 of the accommodating groove 410. The passage 423 is arranged on the side of the end cover 40 away from the joint surface 440 in the axial direction of the accommodating groove 410, that is, the passage 423 is arranged on the back side of the end cover 40, and the passage 423 does not interfere with the press-fitting of the bearing 126.

[0064] Please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 11 In an embodiment, the distance L4 between the passage 423 and the axis of the accommodating groove 410 in the radial direction of the accommodating groove 410 is less than the radius of the accommodating groove 410. At least part of the wall surface of the passage 423 forms a protrusion away from the joint surface 440 in the axial direction of the accommodating groove 410 on the groove bottom 411 of the accommodating groove 410, the passage 423 directly penetrates the accommodating groove 410, and the lubricating oil is directionally cooled to the accommodating groove 410 through the oil outlet hole 4231, which is conducive to shortening the cooling path and improving the cooling efficiency.

[0065] In the embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figure 7 The distance L5 between the inclined oil passage 430 and the axis of the accommodating groove 410 in the radial direction of the accommodating groove 410 is greater than the radius of the accommodating groove 410.

[0066] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 7 In an embodiment, the shortest distance L5 between the inclined oil passage 430 and the axis of the accommodating groove 410 is greater than the radius of the accommodating groove 410 along a radial direction of the accommodating groove 410, that is, the inclined oil passage 430 does not interfere with the accommodating groove 410, and the inclined oil passage 430 does not occupy the installation space of the accommodating groove 410. When the bearing 126 needs to be installed, the bearing 126 can be directly press-fitted into the accommodating groove 410, and the accommodating groove 410 is not blocked by other structures.

[0067] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 7 In an embodiment, the inclined oil passage 430 is kept away from the accommodating groove 410, and the bearing 126 does not collide or extrude the inclined oil passage 430 when being press-fitted, thereby eliminating the risk of deformation or blockage of the inclined oil passage 430. In an embodiment, the inclined oil passage 430 is distributed on the outer side of the end cover 40, thereby avoiding the local over-thickness of the end cover 40 due to the oil passage inlaying, and reducing the overall weight. In an embodiment, the inclined oil passage is located in the thicker area of the end cover 40, and is not easy to penetrate other key parts during the mold stripping.

[0068] In the embodiments of the present application, referring to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 , Figure 13 a schematic view of the end cover provided in the embodiments of the present application, Figure 14 is Figure 13 a sectional view at A-A in FIG. 4. The accommodating groove 410 is used for accommodating the bearing 1222 of the intermediate shaft 122 of the speed reducer 120, the end cover 40 includes another accommodating groove 460, the another accommodating groove 460 is used for accommodating the bearing 1232 of the output shaft 123 of the speed reducer 120, the oil passage 420 includes another passage 424, the another passage 424 is used for being located on the two sides of the another accommodating groove 460 along a radial direction of the accommodating groove 410, the another passage 424 includes another opening 4241, the another opening 4241 is used for communicating with the oil port 133, and the inclined oil passage 430 is used for communicating the another passage 424 and the accommodating groove 410.

[0069] Referring to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 13 and Figure 14In an embodiment, one accommodating groove 410 is a bearing groove of the intermediate shaft 122 of the speed reducer 120, an inner wall of the one accommodating groove 410 is used to connect an outer ring of the bearing 1222 of the intermediate shaft 122, and one oil passage 420 is used to direct the lubricating oil to the bearing 1222 of the intermediate shaft 122. In an embodiment, the other accommodating groove 460 is a bearing groove of the output shaft 123 of the speed reducer 120, and an inner wall of the other accommodating groove 460 is used to connect an outer ring of the bearing 1232 of the output shaft 123. In an embodiment, the one accommodating groove 410 and the other accommodating groove 460 are located at the groove bottom 452 of the groove 450. In an embodiment, the other passage 424 is located on two sides of the other accommodating groove 460 in the radial direction of the one accommodating groove 410, and the other passage 424 does not interfere with the installation of the bearing 1222 of the intermediate shaft 122 or the bearing 1232 of the output shaft 123. In an embodiment, the one oil port, the other opening 4241, the other passage 424, the inclined oil passage 430, the one passage 423, the oil outlet hole 4231, and the one accommodating groove 410 are sequentially communicated. In an embodiment, the other passage 424 includes the other opening 4241 on the joint surface 440, and the other opening 4241 is in alignment with the one oil port 133 for communication. The lubricating oil enters the other opening 4241 through the one oil port 133, and then enters the other passage 424, and then passes through the inclined oil passage 430 into the one passage 423, and then is delivered to the one accommodating groove 410 through the oil outlet hole 4231 of the one passage 423. The other passage 424 bypasses the outside of the other accommodating groove 460, and does not need to force drilling in the narrow area of the end cover 40, thereby reducing the processing difficulty. In an embodiment, the other passage 424 and the inclined oil passage 430 can be respectively pulled out through the other opening 4241 and the one opening 431, and the segmented design is beneficial to direct molding of the mold, does not need complex post-processing, and can avoid demolding difficulty by pulling out in different directions.

[0070] In an embodiment, please refer to Figure 7 The end cover 40 includes the oil discharge port 4521, the oil discharge port 4521 is used to penetrate the end cover 40 in the axial direction of the one accommodating groove 410, and is used to discharge the lubricating oil in the accommodating cavity 131. The other opening 4241 in the radial direction of the one accommodating groove 410 is located on the same side of the one accommodating groove 410 as the oil discharge port 4521, and the one opening 431 in the radial direction of the one accommodating groove 410 is located on the two sides of the one accommodating groove 410 as the oil discharge port 4521.

[0071] In an embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 7In one embodiment, the end cover 40 includes an oil outlet 4521 located at the bottom of the groove bottom 452 of the groove 450 along the X-axis in the drawing, and the oil outlet 4521 penetrates the groove bottom 452 of the groove 450 along the axial direction of the accommodating groove 410, i.e., penetrates the end cover 40. In one embodiment, after the lubricating oil cools and lubricates the bearing 126 in the accommodating groove 410, the lubricating oil flows to the bottom of the accommodating cavity 131, and the lubricating oil in the accommodating cavity 131 can be discharged through the oil outlet 4521. The oil outlet 4521 can be connected to an external recovery pipeline, and the lubricating oil in the accommodating cavity 131 is discharged to the outside of the power assembly through the oil outlet 4521, so as to facilitate cleaning and replacement of the lubricating oil in the power assembly.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 15 , Figure 15 is a schematic view of the power assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application. In one embodiment, along the radial direction of the accommodating groove 410, the other opening 4241 is located on the same side of the accommodating groove 410 as the oil outlet 4521, i.e., the opposite side of the Z-axis in the drawing. The other opening 4241 is in communication with the oil port 133, and the other opening 4241 is located at the bottom of the joint surface 440 along the Z-axis direction in the drawing, which is beneficial to communication with the oil outlet of the filter 150 for introducing clean lubricating oil. Specifically, the filter 150 is located at the bottom of the housing 130 along the Z-axis direction in the drawing, and the other opening 4241 is located on the same side of the Z-axis direction as the filter 150, which reduces the bending of the pipeline and is beneficial to the circulation of the lubricating oil.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 7 In one embodiment, along the radial direction of the accommodating groove 410, one opening 431 is located on both sides of the accommodating groove 410, i.e., on both sides of the Z-axis in the drawing, i.e., one opening 431 is located at the top of the joint surface 440 along the Z-axis direction in the drawing, and one opening 431 is a process opening for injection molding when manufacturing the inclined oil passage 430.

[0074] The lubricating oil flows out of the filter 150, enters an oil port 133, and then enters another passage 424 through the oil port 133 and another opening 4241, which is in communication with the another passage 424. The another passage 424 bypasses the outside of another accommodating groove 460 accommodating the bearing 1232 of the output shaft 123, and then enters the inclined oil passage 430, which delivers the lubricating oil to an accommodating groove 410 accommodating the bearing 1222 of the intermediate shaft 122. After the cooling and lubrication are completed, the lubricating oil flows into the bottom of the accommodating cavity 131 and is discharged through the oil discharge port 4521. The another opening 4241 is connected to the filter 150 in a position opposite to the filter 150, which is beneficial to reducing the bending of the pipeline. The another opening 4241 and an opening 431 are arranged on the two sides of the radial direction of the accommodating groove 410, and do not interfere with each other. The inclined oil passage 430 bypasses the another accommodating groove 460 accommodating the bearing 1232 of the output shaft 123, which can avoid the complex oil passage in the narrow area of the end cover 40. The opening 431 is designed on the top of the end cover, and the inclined oil passage can be formed by opening and closing the mold in one direction, without additional inclined demolding action.

[0075] In the embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 14 . The another passage 424 includes a third opening 4242, which is used to penetrate the end face of one end of the accommodating groove 410 of the end cover 40 in the axial direction, is arranged on the two sides of the radial direction of the accommodating groove 410 and the oil discharge port 4521 on the two sides of the accommodating groove 410, and is used to communicate with the another oil port 135 of the housing 130.

[0076] In one embodiment, the another passage 424 includes the third opening 4242 on the joint surface 440, which penetrates the joint surface 440 in the axial direction of the accommodating groove 410. In one embodiment, the third opening 4242 and the oil discharge port 4521 are arranged on the two sides of the radial direction of the accommodating groove 410, i.e. on the two sides of the Z axis in the drawing. In one embodiment, the housing 130 further includes the another oil port 135, which is used to deliver the lubricating oil to other structures, such as a motor slot or an electronic control slot. In one embodiment, the oil port 133, the another opening 4241, the another passage 424, the third opening 4242, the motor slot or the electronic control slot are sequentially communicated. One oil passage 420 can lubricate the accommodating groove 410, the another accommodating groove 460, the motor and the electronic control and other components at the same time, which reduces the design of additional oil passages. The existing another passage 424 and the opening on the joint surface 440 are used to realize the shunt, which avoids adding a complex oil passage on the end cover 40.

[0077] In the embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 16 , Figure 16 for Figure 13The cross-sectional view of the middle A-A, the other passage 424 includes a fourth opening 4243, the fourth opening 4243 is used to penetrate the inner wall of the other accommodating groove 460, and is used to communicate the other passage 424 and the other accommodating groove 460.

[0078] In an embodiment, the other passage 424 further includes a fourth opening 4243, the fourth opening 4243 penetrates the side wall of the other passage 424 and the side wall or the bottom wall of the other accommodating groove 430, and is used to communicate the other passage 424 and the other accommodating groove 460. The lubricating oil flows into the fourth opening 4243 through the other passage 424, and is directed to enter the other accommodating groove 460 through the fourth opening 4243, which is beneficial to increase the active lubrication of the other accommodating groove 460. The bearing 1232 of the output shaft 123 is lubricated through the fourth opening 4243, which is independently distributed from the lubricating oil path of the bearing 1222 of the intermediate shaft 122, avoids cross interference, and ensures the uniform lubrication of the bearing 1222 and the bearing 1232.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 17 , Figure 17 for Figure 13 The cross-sectional view of the middle B-B, the oil path 420 includes a through opening 425, the through opening 425 is used to penetrate the inner wall of the oil path 420 and the outer wall surface of the end cover 40, and is located at the radial outer side of the accommodating groove 410, and is used to connect at least one oil guide nozzle 426, the oil guide nozzle 426 is used to spray oil to at least one gear 125 of the input shaft 121, the intermediate shaft 122 and the output shaft 123 of the speed reducer 120.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 17In an embodiment, a passage 423 in an oil channel 420 includes a through hole 425 that penetrates one end or sidewall of the passage 423 and the outer wall of the end cover 40, and the through hole 425 is located radially outside the accommodating groove 410. The through hole 425 does not interfere with the installation of the bearing 126 and can extend outward to form a connection interface. In an embodiment, the through hole 425 is used to connect one or more oil guide nozzles 426. Under the action of the oil pump 140, lubricating oil is injected into the end cover 40 through an oil channel 420. The coolant first fills an oil channel 420, and then flows to the oil guide nozzle 426 under the action of pressure. The oil guide nozzle 426 disperses the lubricating oil into fine oil mist or directional oil flow, which is sprayed to the meshing part of the gear 125. The lubricating oil uniformly penetrates into the gear gap during the rotation of the gear 125, thereby reducing friction and temperature. The used lubricating oil flows downward to the bottom of the accommodating cavity 131 by gravity and is discharged through the oil discharge port 4251 to return to the external oil recovery system. In an embodiment, the through hole 425 is located radially outside the accommodating groove 410, which ensures the installation space of the oil guide nozzle 426, avoids the bearing 126 and bolts and other components, and enables the lubricating oil spraying path to cover multiple side directions of the gear 125. By adjusting the angle of the oil guide nozzle, precise lubrication of gears 125 of different heights can be achieved. In an embodiment, the oil guide nozzle 426 can be fixed on the through hole 425 by threads or buckles. In an embodiment, the oil injection direction of each oil guide nozzle 426 can be independently adjusted to ensure that the lubricating oil can precisely cover the surface of the gear 125 on the input shaft 121, the intermediate shaft 122 and the output shaft 123 of the speed reducer 120. In an embodiment, the oil guide nozzle 426 can be individually detached and replaced. If a certain oil guide nozzle 426 is blocked or damaged, the entire end cover 40 does not need to be replaced. Only the faulty component needs to be unscrewed and a new oil guide nozzle 426 needs to be installed, which greatly reduces the maintenance cost.

[0081] In an embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 . An accommodating groove 410 is used to accommodate the bearing 1212 of the input shaft 121 of the speed reducer 120, and an opening 431 is used to communicate with an oil port 133.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 15In an embodiment, the oil port 133, the opening 431, the oil passage 420 and the accommodating groove 410 are sequentially communicated, and the lubricating oil is directed to cool and lubricate the bearing 1212 of the input shaft 121 of the speed reducer 120 through the oil passage 420, and the bearing 1212 of the input shaft 121 is actively lubricated. In an embodiment, the opening 431 and the oil discharge port 4521 are located on the same side of the accommodating groove 410, i.e. the side opposite to the Z-axis direction in the figure, which facilitates the communication between the opening 431 and the oil outlet of the filter 150 for introducing clean lubricating oil.

[0083] Please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 10 In an embodiment, the groove bottom 411 of the accommodating groove 410 includes a third through hole 4111 which penetrates the groove bottom 411 of the accommodating groove 410 along the axial direction of the accommodating groove 410 and communicates the inner and outer sides of the end cover 40. In an embodiment, the third through hole 4111 is used to assemble a plug 412. In an embodiment, the third through hole 4111 is used to communicate the oil passage 420 and the accommodating groove 410. In an embodiment, the third through hole 4111 includes an opening 4112 on the hole wall, which penetrates one end or the inner wall of the oil passage 420, and the opening 4112 communicates the oil passage 420 and the third through hole 4111.

[0084] The lubricating oil in the filter 150 enters the oil port 133 through the oil discharge port 4521, and then enters the oil passage 420 through the oil port 133 and the opening 431. The lubricating oil in the oil passage 420 enters the third through hole 4111 through the opening 4112, and then cools and lubricates the bearing 1212 of the input shaft 121 of the speed reducer 120 accommodated in the accommodating groove 410. The oil passage 420 includes at least one of the inclined oil passage 430 and the passage 423.

[0085] The embodiment of the present application provides a power assembly, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 15 .

[0086] The power assembly 10 includes an oil pump 140 and a filter 150, and the oil pump 140, the filter 150 and the oil port 133 are sequentially communicated. At least part of the flow path 151 between the filter 150 and the oil port 133 is inclined relative to the axial direction of the accommodating groove 410.

[0087] In one embodiment, the oil pump 140 and the filter 150 are fixed on the housing 130 of the power assembly 10. In one embodiment, the oil pump 140 draws lubricating oil from the oil tank after starting, and pushes the pressurized lubricating oil into the filter 150, which is used to filter impurities in the lubricating oil and output clean lubricating oil through the flow path 151; at least part of the flow path is inclined relative to the axis of the accommodating groove 410, which is beneficial to communicate with the inclined oil passage 430 on the end cover 40 through an opening 431; so as to deliver the clean lubricating oil to the accommodating groove 410 to cool and lubricate the bearing 126.

[0088] The filter 150 effectively intercepts particles in the lubricating oil, avoids impurities from entering the friction surface of the bearing 126 to cause scratches, and at least part of the flow path 151 is inclined to utilize the driving force of the oil pump to make the lubricating oil flow more smoothly, which is especially suitable for the rapid oil supply requirement in the high-speed scene; the oil pump 140, the filter 150 and the at least part of the flow path 151 form an inclined channel, which not only saves installation space, but also facilitates disassembly and maintenance.

[0089] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A powertrain, characterized by, The application relates to a power assembly comprising a housing and an end cover, the end cover and the housing enclosing a receiving cavity for receiving a transmission shaft of a speed reducer of the power assembly, the end cover comprising a receiving groove along an axial direction of the power assembly for receiving a bearing of the speed reducer, wherein: the end cover encloses an oil passage for connecting an oil port of the housing of the power assembly and the receiving groove, the oil passage comprising an inclined oil passage inclined with respect to a plane along a radial direction of the receiving groove and an axial direction.

2. The powertrain of claim 1, wherein, The end cover comprises a joint surface along the axial direction of the receiving groove, the inclined oil passage comprises an opening for penetrating the joint surface.

3. The powertrain of claim 2, wherein, The inclined oil passage is inclined along the joint surface in a direction away from the housing.

4. The powertrain of claim 2, wherein, The opening is elliptical.

5. The powertrain of any of claims 2-4, wherein, The length of the inclined oil passage along the axial direction of the receiving groove is greater than or equal to the distance between the joint surface and the bottom of the receiving groove.

6. The powertrain of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The oil passage comprises a passage for connecting the inclined oil passage perpendicular to the axial direction of the receiving groove, the passage comprising an oil outlet hole for penetrating an inner wall of the receiving groove for connecting the receiving groove.

7. The powertrain of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The distance between the inclined oil passage and the axial line of the receiving groove along the radial direction of the receiving groove is greater than the radius of the receiving groove.

8. The powertrain of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The receiving groove is used for receiving a bearing of an intermediate shaft of the speed reducer, the end cover comprises another receiving groove for receiving a bearing of an output shaft of the speed reducer, the oil passage comprises another passage for being located on both sides of the receiving groove with respect to the another receiving groove, the another passage comprises another opening for connecting the oil port, and the inclined oil passage is used for connecting the another passage and the receiving groove.

9. The powertrain of claim 8, wherein, The end cover comprises an oil discharge port for penetrating the end cover along the axial direction of the receiving groove for discharging lubricating oil in the receiving cavity, the another opening is located on the same side of the receiving groove with respect to the oil discharge port along the radial direction of the receiving groove, and the opening is located on both sides of the receiving groove with respect to the oil discharge port along the radial direction of the receiving groove.

10. The powertrain of claim 9, wherein, The another passage comprises a third opening for penetrating an end surface of the end cover along the axial direction of the receiving groove for being located on both sides of the receiving groove with respect to the oil discharge port along the radial direction of the receiving groove for connecting another oil port of the housing.

11. The powertrain of claim 8, wherein, The another passage comprises a fourth opening for penetrating an inner wall of the another receiving groove for connecting the another passage and the another receiving groove.

12. The powertrain of claim 8, wherein, The one oil passage comprises a through hole for penetrating the inner wall of the one oil passage and the outer wall surface of the end cover, the through hole is located radially outside the one accommodating groove and is used for connecting at least one oil guide nozzle, the one oil guide nozzle is used for spraying oil to at least one gear of the input shaft, the intermediate shaft and the output shaft of the speed reducer.

13. The powertrain of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The one accommodating groove is used for accommodating the bearing of the input shaft of the speed reducer, and the one opening is used for communicating the one oil port.

14. The powertrain of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The power assembly comprises an oil pump and a filter, the oil pump, the filter and the one oil port are sequentially communicated, and at least part of the flow path between the filter and the one oil port is inclined relative to the axial direction of the one accommodating groove.

15. An electric vehicle characterized by comprising: The power assembly comprises an oil pump and a filter, the oil pump, the filter and the one oil port are sequentially communicated, and at least part of the flow path between the filter and the one oil port is inclined relative to the axial direction of the one accommodating groove. The power assembly comprises an oil pump and a filter, the oil pump, the filter and the one oil port are sequentially communicated, and at least part of the flow path between the filter and the one oil port is inclined relative to the axial direction of the one accommodating groove. The power assembly comprises an oil pump and a filter, the oil pump, the filter and the one oil port are sequentially communicated, and at least part of the flow path between the filter and the one oil port is inclined relative to the axial direction of the one accommodating groove.

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