Wire end connector

Abstract

The utility model discloses a wire end connector, which comprises an insulating seat, two terminal strips, a metal shell and a cable, the insulating seat is provided with an exposed supporting table; the two terminal strips are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the supporting table, and each terminal strip comprises a plurality of signal terminals; the signal terminal comprises a first welding part exposed out of the supporting table; the cable comprises a plurality of core wire groups; the core wire group comprises a signal wire and a shielding layer wrapping the outer side of the signal wire; the part, exposed outside the shielding layer, of the signal line is electrically connected with the first welding part; wherein the distance between the two rows of first welding parts is D1, and the minimum distance between the shielding layer and the tail ends of the first welding parts is D2; d2 is smaller than D1. The distance between the two rows of first welding parts is increased through D2 < D1, coupling interference at the positions of the two rows of first welding parts is reduced, and crosstalk is reduced; and meanwhile, as D2 is smaller than D1, the minimum distance between the shielding layer and the tail end of the first welding part is reduced, the electromagnetic shielding effect at the welding position is improved, and the integrity of signal transmission is improved.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wire connector technology, and in particular to a wire connector that reduces crosstalk and improves signal transmission integrity. [Background Technology]

[0002] Connectors are generally divided into wire-end connectors and board-end connectors. Wire-end connectors and board-end connectors are interlocked to achieve an electrical connection between two active devices. A wire-end connector typically includes an insulating base, terminal blocks passing through the insulating base, and a cable electrically connected to the terminal blocks. The insulating base has a support platform that supports the soldered portions of the terminal blocks. The soldered portions of the terminal blocks and the cable are soldered and fixed on the support platform, thus electrically connecting the cable to the terminal blocks. When a wire-end connector is plugged into a compatible board-end connector, the terminal blocks within the two connectors come into contact and connect, enabling the transmission of high-frequency signals.

[0003] Terminal blocks are typically arranged in two rows, one on the top and one on the bottom of a support platform. Cables connect to the solder joints of the two rows of terminal blocks, and the spacing between the solder joints directly affects the stability of high-frequency signal transmission. In existing structures, the spacing between the solder joints of the two rows is too small, resulting in increased coupling interference and crosstalk between the two rows of solder joints, which in turn affects the integrity of high-frequency signal transmission.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design an improved wire-end connector to overcome the above problems. [Utility Model Content]

[0005] To address the problems encountered in the background technology, the present invention aims to provide a wire-end connector. By setting the distance between the upper surface of the first welding part in the upper terminal block and the lower surface of the first welding part in the lower terminal block to D1, and the minimum distance between the shielding layer and the end of the first welding part to D2, and by setting 1.55mm≤D1≤2.4mm and D2<D1, the problem of excessively small distance between the first welding parts of the upper and lower terminal blocks leading to increased coupling interference, large crosstalk, and poor signal transmission integrity can be solved.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical means:

[0007] A wire connector, characterized in that it comprises:

[0008] An insulating base, wherein the insulating base is provided with an exposed support platform;

[0009] The upper terminal block and the lower terminal block are both housed in the insulating base and arranged opposite each other on the upper and lower sides of the support platform. Each of the upper and lower terminal blocks includes multiple signal terminals and multiple grounding terminals. Each signal terminal includes a contact portion and a first welding portion disposed at both ends. The contact portion is located inside the insulating base, and the first welding portion extends rearward to the support platform. Each grounding terminal has a second welding portion extending rearward to the support platform. The upper surfaces of the multiple first welding portions in the upper terminal block are flush, and the lower surfaces of the multiple first welding portions in the lower terminal block are flush. The upper surfaces of the first welding portions in the upper terminal block and the lower surfaces of the first welding portions in the lower terminal block are respectively exposed on the upper and lower sides of the support platform.

[0010] A metal shell, covering the outside of the insulating base; and

[0011] A cable electrically connects the upper terminal block and the lower terminal block. The cable includes an outer sheath and multiple core wire groups located within the outer sheath. Each core wire group includes a signal wire, a ground wire, a shielding layer covering the outside of the signal wire and the ground wire, and an insulating layer covering the outside of the shielding layer. The portion of the signal wire exposed outside the shielding layer and the insulating layer is electrically connected to the first solder joint, and the portion of the ground wire exposed outside the shielding layer and the insulating layer is electrically connected to the second solder joint.

[0012] Wherein, in the vertical direction, the distance between the upper surface of the first welded part in the upper terminal block and the lower surface of the first welded part in the lower terminal block is D1, and in the front-back direction, the minimum distance between the shielding layer and the end of the first welded part is D2; then 1.55mm≤D1≤2.4mm, and D2<D1.

[0013] In one embodiment, the upper surface of the first welded portion in the upper terminal block is flush with the upper surface of the second welded portion, and the lower surface of the first welded portion in the lower terminal block is flush with the lower surface of the second welded portion.

[0014] The size range of D2 is: 1.55mm≤D1≤1.8mm; the size range of D2 is: 0.1mm≤D2≤0.3mm.

[0015] In one embodiment, the insulating base is provided with through holes on its upper and lower sides, the through holes corresponding to the positions of the contact portions, and the contact portions are exposed inside the through holes.

[0016] In one embodiment, the signal terminal is a differential signal terminal, two adjacent signal terminals are used to transmit a pair of differential signals, two adjacent pairs of signal terminals are separated by the ground terminal, and the two contacts of a pair of signal terminals are arranged in the same through hole.

[0017] In one embodiment, the signal terminal includes a first lever arm, a second lever arm, an embedded portion, and an exposed portion sequentially connected between the contact portion and the first welding portion; the embedded portion is embedded in the insulating base; a notch is provided at one end of the first welding portion away from the contact portion, the notch is groove-shaped and provided on the side where a pair of signal terminals are close to each other, and a tail portion is formed at the position of the first welding portion corresponding to the notch.

[0018] Wherein, the width of the contact portion is B1, the width of the first lever arm portion is B2, the width of the second lever arm portion is B3, the width of the embedded portion is B4, the width of the exposed portion is B5, the width of the first welded portion is B6, and the width of the finishing portion is B7; then B1 < B7 < B6 < B3 < B2, B2 > 2B1, B4 < B3, B4 < B5.

[0019] In one embodiment, the signal terminal further includes a contraction portion disposed between the second lever arm portion and the embedded portion; one end of the second lever arm portion near the contraction portion is embedded in the insulating base, and both the contraction portion and the embedded portion are embedded in the insulating base;

[0020] Wherein, the width of the contracted portion is B8; therefore, B8 < B4 < B3.

[0021] In one embodiment, the insulating base includes an insulating shell, a first insulating block and a second insulating block assembled within the insulating shell; a limiting plate is disposed within the insulating shell; the signal terminal further includes an embedded portion located between the contact portion and the first welding portion;

[0022] The first insulating block includes a first base, a first support portion connected to the first base, and a first clamping block connected to the first support portion; the second insulating block includes a second base, a second support portion connected to the second base, a second clamping block connected to the second support portion, and stop blocks disposed on both sides of the second base; the first base and the second base are joined together vertically, the first support portion covers the embedded portion of the upper terminal block, the second support portion covers the embedded portion of the lower terminal block, the first clamping block and the second clamping block extend from the first support portion and the second support portion respectively towards each other, a limiting groove is provided between the first clamping block and the second clamping block, the limiting groove allows the limiting plate to be inserted so that the limiting plate is supported between the first clamping block and the second clamping block in the vertical direction, and the stop blocks on both sides extend from the second base towards the limiting groove in the front-back direction, so that the stop blocks stop the limiting plate inserted into the limiting groove in the front-back direction.

[0023] In one embodiment, the limiting plate includes an extension portion extending in the left-right direction and two connecting portions. The upper and lower sides of the extension portion abut against the first clamping block and the second clamping block, respectively. The two connecting portions are respectively disposed at the left and right ends of the extension portion and integrally connected to the inner wall of the insulating shell. The stop blocks are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the second base portion and abut against the connecting portions at both ends in the front-back direction, respectively.

[0024] In one embodiment, in the vertical direction, the stop blocks on both sides protrude from the second base toward the first base, so that the first base is embedded between the stop blocks on both sides; the first base is provided with insert blocks on both sides, and the stop blocks on both sides are provided with slots, and the insert blocks are respectively inserted into the slots one by one;

[0025] The stop blocks on both sides are provided with multiple protruding ridges. Some of the protruding ridges are arranged opposite each other on the side of the stop blocks that are close to each other, so as to press against the two sides of the first base. Other protruding ridges are arranged opposite each other on the inner walls of the two sides of the slot, so as to press against the two sides of the insert block.

[0026] In one embodiment, the support platform has a plurality of receiving channels extending vertically between the upper terminal block and the lower terminal block. The ends of the plurality of second welding portions of the upper terminal block and the lower terminal block are respectively exposed in each of the receiving channels. The signal line of the core wire group is electrically connected to the first welding portion located on one side of the support platform, and the ground wire is bent into one of the receiving channels and electrically connected to the second welding portion located on the other side of the support platform.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. With a distance D1 between the upper surface of the first welded part in the upper terminal block and the lower surface of the first welded part in the lower terminal block, and a minimum distance D2 between the shielding layer and the end of the first welded part, the distance between the upper surface of the first welded part in the upper terminal block and the lower surface of the first welded part in the lower terminal block is increased by setting D2 < D1. Increasing the distance between the first welded parts in the upper and lower terminal blocks can effectively reduce coupling interference at the location of the first welded part between the upper and lower terminal blocks, thereby reducing crosstalk between the two rows of signal terminals and improving the integrity of signal transmission, especially in the field of high-frequency signal transmission. At the same time, since the minimum distance between the shielding layer and the end of the first welded part is reduced, the length of the shielding layer wrapping the signal line is effectively increased, thereby improving the electromagnetic shielding effect at the welding position of the cable and the signal terminal, further improving the integrity of signal transmission. By appropriately increasing the spacing between the upper and lower terminal blocks (1.55mm≤D1≤2.4mm), coupling interference can be reduced, crosstalk can be decreased, and signal transmission integrity can be improved. At the same time, excessive spacing between the upper and lower terminal blocks can be avoided, which would lead to excessive thickness of the support platform. By controlling the dielectric layer thickness between the first welding parts in the upper and lower terminal blocks, signal timing errors and bit error rate can be reduced, thereby ensuring the integrity of signal transmission.

[0029] 2. By setting the minimum distance between the shielding layer and the support platform to D2, then 0.1mm≤D2≤0.3mm. If the distance between the shielding layer and the support platform is too small, the insulation layer will shrink and deform during welding, affecting the yield of subsequent processing. Therefore, the distance between the shielding layer and the support platform is set to 0.1mm to 0.3mm to minimize the minimum distance between the shielding layer and the support platform while ensuring the yield of processing, so as to improve the shielding effect against external electromagnetic interference.

[0030] 3. By opening through holes on the insulating base corresponding to the location of the contact portion, the contact portion is exposed inside the through holes, thereby reducing the dielectric constant around the outside of the contact portion. Since the contact portion is used to contact and communicate with the internal terminals of the mating connector, the contact portion is equivalent to an increase in thickness when in the connected state, and the characteristic impedance at the contact portion decreases. By setting through holes to reduce the dielectric constant around the contact portion, the characteristic impedance at the contact portion is increased, so as to balance the fluctuation of the characteristic impedance at the contact portion location and improve the stability of high-frequency signal transmission.

[0031] 4. When transmitting differential signals, by arranging the two contacts of a pair of signal terminals in the same through hole, the two contacts are prevented from being separated by insulating material when they are in different through holes. This makes the two contacts of a pair of signal terminals more tightly coupled and improves the anti-crosstalk performance at the contact position.

[0032] 5. Since the first soldering part is connected to the cable and the contact part abuts against the terminal of the matching plug connector, and the cable has a shielding layer, the characteristic impedance of the cable is lower than that of the plug connector. Therefore, the width of the first soldering part is greater than the width of the contact part, so the characteristic impedance value of the first soldering part is lower than that of the contact part. This makes the characteristic impedance value of the first soldering part more compatible with the lower characteristic impedance value of the cable, while the characteristic impedance value of the contact part is more compatible with the higher characteristic impedance value of the plug connector. This balances the fluctuation of characteristic impedance and is beneficial for high-frequency signal transmission. Since the thickness of the signal transmission doubles after the contact portion abuts against the mating connector terminal, the characteristic impedance at the contact portion decreases. Increasing the width of the first lever arm can further reduce the characteristic impedance at the first lever arm, thus making the characteristic impedance of the first lever arm and the contact portion more matched. Considering the deformation of the contact portion when it abuts against the mating connector terminal, the signal terminal will be supported more gently, which is equivalent to increasing the cross-sectional area and reducing the characteristic impedance. The contact area between the supported signal terminal and the mating connector terminal will also increase. Considering the case of electrical coupling, the width of the first lever arm needs to be more than twice the width of the contact portion to balance the fluctuation of the characteristic impedance and facilitate the integrity of high-frequency signal transmission. Because the embedded part is embedded within the insulating base, while the second lever arms and exposed portions at both ends of the embedded part are not embedded within the insulating base, the dielectric constant increases as the signal is transmitted from the second lever arms to the embedded part or from the exposed portions to the embedded part due to the change in dielectric constant from air to insulating material. This sudden increase in dielectric constant leads to a decrease in characteristic impedance. To balance the characteristic impedance fluctuation, the width of the embedded part is made smaller than the width of the second lever arms and the exposed portions at both ends; that is, a diameter reduction process is performed at the embedded part to increase its characteristic impedance, balance the characteristic impedance fluctuation, and facilitate high-frequency signal transmission. By making the width of the second lever arm smaller than the width of the first lever arm, the characteristic impedance is increased before embedding in the insulating material, thereby balancing the decrease in characteristic impedance that occurs when embedded in the insulating material, resulting in a more stable overall characteristic impedance fluctuation. Because there is a gap between the end of the first solder joint and the shielding layer, the signal line is subject to more electromagnetic interference at the gap location due to the lack of shielding, resulting in a sudden increase in characteristic impedance. By setting a notch at the end of the first solder joint away from the contact part to form a tail section, the width of the tail section decreases and the characteristic impedance increases. Before the gap location where the signal line lacks shielding, the characteristic impedance is first increased by the tail section, thus making the increase in characteristic impedance at the gap location where the signal line lacks shielding more gradual, avoiding a sudden increase in characteristic impedance, and improving signal transmission integrity.

[0033] 6. By making the width of the embedded part smaller than the width of the second lever arm and the exposed part, a primary diameter reduction is formed to balance the characteristic impedance of the second lever arm and the exposed part exposed to air. By setting a shrinkage part between the second lever arm and the embedded part, with one end of the second lever arm near the shrinkage part embedded in the insulating seat, and the width of the shrinkage part being smaller than the width of the embedded part and the second lever arm, a secondary diameter reduction is formed to locally increase the characteristic impedance at the end position of the second lever arm embedded in the insulating seat. This solves the problem that the end position of the second lever arm will be wrapped during the injection molding process, causing a sudden drop in characteristic impedance at the initial position of the second lever arm entering the insulating seat. This balances the fluctuation of characteristic impedance and ensures the stability of high-frequency signal transmission.

[0034] 7. By inserting a limiting plate into the limiting groove and supporting it between the first clamping block and the second clamping block, the limiting plate positions the first insulating block and the second insulating block in the vertical direction. The limiting plate is stopped in the limiting groove by the stopping block, so that the limiting plate positions the first insulating block and the second insulating block in the front-back direction. The limiting plate positions the first insulating block and the second insulating block simultaneously in the vertical and front-back directions. The positioning structure is simple and saves production costs.

[0035] 8. The limiting plate includes an extension and connecting parts at both ends. The connecting parts at both ends are integrally connected to the inner cavity wall. The extension is supported vertically between the first clamping block and the second clamping block, thereby positioning the first insulating block and the second insulating block in the vertical direction. The connecting parts at both ends abut against the connecting parts at both ends in the front-back direction, thereby positioning the first insulating block and the second insulating block in the front-back direction. This ensures that the pressure load of the first clamping block and the second clamping block on the limiting plate is applied to the extension, while the pressure load of the stop block on the limiting plate is applied to the connecting parts. This effectively disperses the pressure load on the limiting plate, improves the load-bearing strength of the limiting plate, and ensures the reliability of the limiting plate in simultaneously positioning the first insulating block and the second insulating block from two directions.

[0036] 9. By inserting the plug on the first base into the slot on the stop block, the first insulating block and the second insulating block are secured relative to each other. By arranging protruding ridges on the side of the stop blocks on both sides that are close to each other, and arranging protruding ridges on the inner walls of both sides of the slot, the first insulating block is pressed against from multiple angles, thereby improving the reliability of the fixation between the first insulating block and the second insulating block.

[0037] 10. By incorporating a recessed channel on the support platform for the ground wire to bend into, the ground wire is positioned directly to the side of the signal terminals. This improves the electromagnetic shielding effect between adjacent signal terminals and also enhances the electromagnetic shielding effect between the upper and lower terminal blocks, reducing electromagnetic interference during signal transmission, minimizing crosstalk, and ensuring the stability of high-frequency signal transmission. Embedding the ground wire within the recessed channel of the support platform reduces the space occupied by the ground wire between the support platform and the cable's shielding layer, thereby reducing the exposed length of the signal wire between the shielding layer and the support platform, improving the shielding effect against external electromagnetic interference, and enhancing the stability of high-frequency signal transmission. [Attached Image Description]

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wire-end connector according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged view of part A in the middle circle;

[0040] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Exploded view of the center-end connector;

[0041] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A top-view structural diagram of the centerline connector;

[0042] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of the center-end connector with the cable concealed from the rear view.

[0043] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Cross-sectional view of the center connector after the cable is concealed;

[0044] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the center-end connector after concealing the insulating shell and cable;

[0045] Figure 8 for Figure 7 An exploded view of the center-end connector after concealing the insulating shell and cable;

[0046] Figure 9 for Figure 7 A side view of the structure of the center-end connector after concealing the insulating shell and cable;

[0047] Figure 10 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the intermediate signal terminal;

[0048] Figure 11 for Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of the cable;

[0049] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of ACR test results when the distance between the first welded parts in the upper and lower terminal blocks is 0.1 mm to 0.11 mm in the prior art;

[0050] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the ACR test results when the distance between the first welded part in the upper terminal block and the lower terminal block is 1.55mm to 2.4mm in this embodiment.

[0051] Explanation of reference numerals in the accompanying drawings for specific embodiments:

[0052] 100. Wire connector 1. Insulating base 11. Insulating shell 111. Inner cavity 112. Limit plate 1121. Extension 1122. Connecting part 113. Through hole 114. Card slot 115. Convex ribs 12. First insulating block 121. First base 1211, Insert Block 122. First Support Section 123. First clamping block 13. Second insulating block 131. Second base 132. Second Support Section 133. Second clamping block 1331, Limiting groove 134. Stop block 1341, Slot 1342, convex edge 14. Support platform 145. Containing channel 2A, Upper terminal block 2B, Lower terminal block 21. Signal terminal 211. Contact Department 212. First lever arm 213. Second lever arm 214. Embedded part 215. Exposed area 216. First Welding Section 2161. Gap 217. Finishing Part 218. Shrinkage section 22. Grounding terminal 221. Second Welding Section 30. Metal casing 31. Buckle 40. Cables 41. Outer skin 42. Core wire assembly 421. Signal line 422, Ground wire 423. Shielding layer 424. Insulation layer

Detailed Implementation Methods

[0053] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this utility model. However, this utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0054] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0055] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0056] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0057] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0058] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.

[0059] It should be noted that, according to Figures 1 to 11As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis intersect each other. For ease of explanation, the front-back direction is defined as the X-axis, with the positive arrow of the X-axis pointing forward; the up-down direction is defined as the Y-axis, with the positive arrow of the Y-axis pointing upward; and the left-right direction is defined as the Z-axis. In this embodiment, the X-axis and Y-axis are coplanar and perpendicular to each other, and the Z-axis is perpendicular to the common plane of the X-axis and Y-axis. The front-back, up-down, and left-right directions are all perpendicular to each other. Further explanation: the term "parallel" in this application includes not only absolute parallelism but also approximate parallelism as commonly understood in engineering, such as "parallel" referring to an angle of -1° to 1° between lines, lines and surfaces, or surfaces. Similarly, "perpendicular" also includes not only absolute perpendicularity but also approximate perpendicularity as commonly understood in engineering, such as "perpendicular" referring to an angle of 89° to 91° between lines, lines and surfaces, or surfaces. Equal distances or equal angles include not only absolute equality, but also approximate equality as commonly understood in engineering, which means there can be a certain degree of error, such as a tolerance range of -1% to 1%.

[0060] Please see Figures 1 to 11 The wire-end connector 100 of the first embodiment of this utility model includes an insulating base 1, an upper terminal block 2A and a lower terminal block 2B connecting the insulating base 1, a metal shell 30 covering the outside of the insulating base 1, and a cable 40 electrically connecting the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B. The insulating base 1 is used to form an integral support frame for interlocking with a compatible mating connector. The upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B are fixed inside the insulating base 1. When the wire-end connector 100 is interlocked with the compatible mating connector, the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B will abut against the terminals of the compatible mating connector to conduct electricity, thereby realizing the transmission of high-frequency signals. The metal shell 30 is sleeved on the outside of the insulating base 1 to shield external electromagnetic interference and ensure the stability of high-frequency signal transmission. The cable 40 is used to electrically connect with external active devices for signal input or output.

[0061] The insulating base 1 is an insulating component. The insulating base 1 has an exposed support platform 14 for soldering the cable 40 to the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B. In this embodiment, the insulating base 1 includes an insulating shell 11, a first insulating block 12 and a second insulating block 13 assembled within the insulating shell 11. The insulating shell 11 is an insulating component with a hollow annular structure. An inner cavity 111 is provided within the insulating shell 11, extending through it in the front-to-back direction. The rear end of the inner cavity 111 is used for inserting the first insulating block 12 and the second insulating block 13, and the front end is used for inserting a compatible mating connector. One end of the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B protrudes from the inner cavity 111, while the other end protrudes from the support platform 14. The terminals of the compatible mating connector are inserted into the inner cavity 111 and electrically connected to the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B for signal transmission. After the first insulating block 12 and the second insulating block 13 are assembled vertically, they are inserted into the insulating shell 11 from one end of the inner cavity 111. The first insulating block 12 is injection molded to cover the outside of the upper terminal block 2A, and the second insulating block 13 is injection molded to cover the outside of the lower terminal block 2B. Thus, the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B are fixed in the insulating shell 11 by the first insulating block 12 and the second insulating block 13, respectively.

[0062] The first insulating block 12 includes a first base 121, a first support portion 122 connected to the first base 121, and a first clamping block 123 connected to the first support portion 122. The first base 121 is generally square-shaped, with one end of the first base 121 protruding outward from the outside of the insulating shell 11 in the front-back direction. The first support portion 122 is also generally square-shaped, disposed on one side of the first base 121 in the vertical direction, with one end of the first support portion 122 connected to the first base 121 and the other end protruding into the inner cavity 111 in the front-back direction. The first clamping block 123 is square-shaped, and is located on the same side of the first support portion 122 as the first base 121. The second insulating block 13 includes a second base 131, a second support portion 132 connected to the second base 131, a second clamping block 133 connected to the second support portion 132, and stop blocks 134 disposed on both sides of the second base 131. The second base 131 is generally square in shape, with one end of the second base 131 protruding outward from the outside of the insulating shell 11 in the front-back direction; the second support 132 is generally square in shape, and the second support 132 is disposed on one side of the second base 131 in the vertical direction, with one end of the second support 132 connected to the second base 131, and the other end of the second support 132 protruding into the inner cavity 111 in the front-back direction; the second clamping block 133 is square in shape, and the second clamping block 133 and the second base 131 are located on the same side of the second support 132; the stop block 134 is square in shape and is disposed opposite to the second base 131 on both sides in the left-right direction. Specifically, the first base 121 and the second base 131 are joined together vertically, and the portions of the first base 121 and the second base 131 exposed on the outside of the insulating shell 11 are joined together to form a support platform 14; the first support portion 122 covers the outside of the upper terminal block 2A and is located on the side of the first base 121 away from the second base 131, and the second support portion 132 covers the outside of the lower terminal block 2B and is located on the side of the second base 131 away from the first base 121; the first clamping block 123 and the second clamping block 133 extend towards each other from the first support portion 122 and the second support portion 132, respectively; in the vertical direction, the stop blocks 134 on both sides protrude from the second base 131 toward the first base 121, so that the first base 121 is embedded between the stop blocks 134 on both sides, and the first base 121 abuts against the stop blocks 134 on both sides in the horizontal direction.In this embodiment, the first base 121 has protruding inserts 1211 on both sides, and the inserts 1211 protrudes on both sides of the first base 121 in the left-right direction; the stop blocks 134 on both sides are provided with slots 1341, and the slots 1341 correspond to the positions of the inserts 1211. The inserts 1211 are inserted into the slots 1341 one by one. The first base 121 abuts against the stop blocks 134 on both sides to position the first insulating block 12 on the second insulating block 13 in the left-right direction. The inserts 1211 are inserted into the slots 1341 to position the first insulating block 12 on the second insulating block 13 in the front-back direction. Furthermore, multiple protruding ridges 1342 are provided on the two side stop blocks 134; some of the protruding ridges 1342 are arranged opposite to each other on the side of the two side stop blocks 134 that are close to each other, so as to press against the two sides of the first base 121, and other protruding ridges 1342 are arranged opposite to each other on the inner walls of the two sides of the slot 1341, so as to press against the two sides of the insert block 1211. The structure of the protruding ridges 1342 improves the positioning stability of the stop blocks 134 in the left-right direction and the front-back direction for the installation position of the first insulating block 12.

[0063] A limiting groove 1331 is provided between the first clamping block 123 and the second clamping block 133. The limiting groove 1331 is elongated and extends in the left and right direction. At both ends of the limiting groove 1331 in the left and right direction, there are corresponding stop blocks 134. The stop blocks 134 on both sides extend from the second base 131 toward the limiting groove 1331, that is, one end of the stop block 134 protrudes into the limiting groove 1331 in the front and back direction. A limiting plate 112 is provided inside the inner cavity 111 of the insulating shell 11. The limiting plate 112 extends in the left-right direction, and its two ends are connected and fixed to the wall of the inner cavity 111. The setting position of the limiting plate 112 corresponds to the setting position of the limiting groove 1331. The limiting plate 112 is inserted into the limiting groove 1331 and supported in the up-down direction between the first clamping block 123 and the second clamping block 133. The stop blocks 134 on both sides support the limiting plate 112 inserted into the limiting groove 1331 in the front-back direction. The 12-stop system, namely the limiting plate 112, positions the first insulating block 12 and the second insulating block 13 by abutting against the stop blocks 134 on both sides in the front-back direction. At the same time, the limiting plate 112 positions the first insulating block 12 and the second insulating block 13 by supporting them between the first clamping block 123 and the second clamping block 133 in the vertical direction. The limiting plate 112 structure provides bidirectional positioning of the first clamping block 123 and the second clamping block 133, which simplifies the positioning structure and reduces processing costs. In this embodiment, the limiting plate 112 includes an extension 1121 and a connecting portion 1122 connecting the extension 1121. The extension 1121 is in the shape of a straight plate and extends in the left-right direction. The upper and lower sides of the extension 1121 abut against the first clamping block 123 and the second clamping block 133, respectively, that is, the extension 1121 is supported between the first clamping block 123 and the second clamping block 133 in the vertical direction. Two connecting portions 1122 are provided, which are arranged opposite to each other at the left and right ends of the extension 1121 and integrally connected to the inner wall of the insulating shell 11. The connecting portions 1122 are in the shape of a square and extend in the vertical direction. The connecting portions 1122 at both ends and the extension 1121 in between form an H-shape. The structure increases the connection area between the limiting plate 112 and the insulating shell 11 through the connecting part 1122, thereby improving the reliability of the connection position between the limiting plate 112 and the insulating shell 11. The stop block 134 is disposed on both sides of the second base 131 and abuts against the connecting parts 1122 at both ends in the front-back direction, so that the pressure load of the first clamping block 123 and the second clamping block 133 on the limiting plate 112 is applied to the extension part 1121, while the pressure load of the stop block 134 on the limiting plate 112 is applied to the connecting part 1122. This effectively disperses the pressure load borne by the limiting plate 112, improves the bearing strength of the limiting plate 112, and ensures the reliability of the limiting plate 112 in positioning the first insulating block 12 and the second insulating block 13 from two directions.

[0064] The upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B are both housed in the insulating base 1 and arranged opposite each other on the upper and lower sides of the support platform 14. Specifically, the upper terminal block 2A passes through the first support portion 122, and the lower terminal block 2B passes through the second support portion 132. Both the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B include at least one signal terminal 21 and a grounding terminal 22 arranged on one side of the signal terminal 21. The signal terminal 21 is used to abut against and conduct with a compatible mating connector terminal for signal transmission. In this embodiment, the signal terminal 21 is a differential signal terminal 21. Two adjacent signal terminals 21 are used to transmit a pair of differential signals. Differential signals refer to signals transmitted in the two signal terminals 21 with opposite phases. The signal receiving end takes the difference between the signals with opposite phases to cancel out external interference, thereby ensuring the integrity of high-frequency signal transmission. Two adjacent pairs of signal terminals 21 are separated by a grounding terminal 22 to shield electromagnetic interference between adjacent pairs of signal terminals 21, thereby reducing crosstalk and ensuring the integrity of high-frequency transmission. In this embodiment, both the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B include two pairs of signal terminals 21 and multiple other functional terminals. In other embodiments, the signal terminals 21 can also be single-ended signal terminals 21, arranged individually, meaning each signal terminal 21 independently transmits a single-ended signal. Adjacent signal terminals 21 are separated by a grounding terminal 22, which shields the electromagnetic interference between adjacent signal terminals 21. Therefore, when transmitting differential signals, the signal terminals 21 are arranged in pairs, and when transmitting single-ended signals, they are arranged independently. Both arrangements fall within the protection scope of this utility model. This embodiment describes the transmission of differential signals with a more complex arrangement as an example; the single-ended arrangement will not be described further.

[0065] The signal terminal 21 includes a contact portion 211, a first lever arm portion 212, a second lever arm portion 213, an embedded portion 214, an exposed portion 215, and a first welding portion 216 connected in sequence. The contact portion 211 is disposed at one end of the signal terminal 21. The contact portion 211 is located inside the insulating base 1 and exposed in the inner cavity 111. The contact portion 211 is used to abut and conduct with the mating connector terminal. The first lever arm portion 212 and the second lever arm portion 213 are exposed in the inner cavity 111. The first lever arm portion 212 and the second lever arm portion 213 are used to press the contact portion 211 against the mating connector terminal to ensure the stability of signal transmission. The embedded portion 214 is embedded in the insulating base 1. The first support portion 122 covers the outside of the embedded portion 214 of the upper terminal block 2A, and the second support portion 132 covers the outside of the embedded portion 214 of the lower terminal block 2B to ensure that the upper terminal block 2A and the first insulating block 12 are fixed relative to each other. The lower terminal block 2B is fixed relative to the second insulating block 13; the exposed portion 215 of the upper terminal block 2A is exposed to the first insulating block 12, and the exposed portion 215 of the lower terminal block 2B is exposed to the second insulating block 13. The exposed portion 215 is used for clamping and fixing by the mold during injection molding to fix the signal terminal 21 in the injection mold. When the first insulating block 12 is injected, the exposed portion 215 of the upper terminal block 2A is clamped and fixed. Correspondingly, when the second insulating block 13 is injected, the exposed portion 215 of the lower terminal block 2B is clamped and fixed. The first welding portion 216 extends rearward to the support platform 14. The first welding portion 216 and the contact portion 211 are respectively provided at both ends of the signal terminal 21. The welding portion is used for welding with the cable 40. In this embodiment, through holes 113 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the insulating base 1. The through holes 113 are arranged on the insulating shell 11 and are connected to the inner cavity 111. The through holes 113 correspond to the positions of the contact portions 211. The contact portions 211 are exposed in the through holes 113. By opening through holes 113 at the positions of the contact portions 211 on the insulating shell 11, the dielectric constant around the outer side of the contact portions 211 is reduced. When the contact portions 211 are in contact with the mating connector terminals, the thickness at the position of the contact portions 211 increases, thereby reducing the characteristic impedance. By reducing the dielectric constant around the contact portions 211, the characteristic impedance at the position of the contact portions 211 is increased, thereby reducing the characteristic impedance fluctuation at the position of the contact portions 211 and improving the stability of high-frequency signal transmission. Furthermore, when the signal terminal 21 is a differential signal terminal 21, the two contact portions 211 of a pair of signal terminals 21 are arranged in the same through hole 113 to avoid the two contact portions 211 of a pair of signal terminals 21 blocking the insulating material, thereby making the two contact portions 211 of a pair of signal terminals 21 more tightly coupled and improving the anti-crosstalk performance at the contact portion 211 position.

[0066] The first welding part 216 has a notch 2161 at the end away from the contact part 211. When transmitting differential signals, the notch 2161 is grooved and located on the side of the pair of signal terminals 21 that are close to each other. The first welding part 216 forms a tail 217 at the position corresponding to the notch 2161. Since the tail 217 is formed after the notch 2161 is opened in the first welding part 216, the width of the tail 217 is smaller than the width of the first welding part 216, so as to increase the characteristic impedance at the end of the first welding part 216. Since the first welding part 216 is welded to the cable 40, there will be a gap where the signal line 421 is exposed at the welding position, forming a high point of characteristic impedance. By setting the tail 217 to pre-pull up the characteristic impedance, the fluctuation of the characteristic impedance at the exposed position of the signal line 421 can be smoother, thereby improving the integrity of signal transmission.

[0067] The contact portion 211 has a width of B1, the first lever arm portion 212 has a width of B2, the second lever arm portion 213 has a width of B3, the first welding portion 216 has a width of B6, and the tail portion 217 has a width of B7; therefore, B1 < B7 < B6 < B3 < B2, and B2 > 2B1. The first welding portion 216 is connected to the cable 40, and the contact portion 211 abuts against the terminals of the compatible mating connector. Because the cable 40 has a shielding layer 423 for more stable signal transmission, the cable 40 has a lower characteristic impedance compared to the mating connector. Therefore, the width of the first welding portion 216 is greater than the width of the contact portion 211 (i.e., B1 < B7 < B6), making the characteristic impedance difference between the first welding portion 216 and the cable 40 smaller, and the characteristic impedance difference between the contact portion 211 and the mating connector smaller, thereby balancing the fluctuation of characteristic impedance. Since the thickness of the contact portion 211 doubles at the contact position after it abuts against the mating connector terminal (the thickness of the contact portion 211 + the thickness of the mating connector terminal), the first lever arm portion 212 connected to the contact portion 211 needs to be wider than the width of the contact portion 211. Considering that the contact portion 211 deforms when it abuts against the mating connector terminal, the signal terminal 21 will be supported more gently, which is equivalent to an increase in cross-sectional area and a decrease in characteristic impedance. The contact area between the supported signal terminal 21 and the mating connector terminal will also increase. Considering the case of electrical coupling, the width of the first lever arm portion 212 needs to be more than twice the width of the contact portion 211 (i.e., B2 > 2B1) to balance the characteristic impedance at the position of the contact portion 211 and the position of the first lever arm portion 212 in the connected state. By making the width of the second lever arm 213 smaller than the width of the first lever arm 212 (i.e., B3 < B2), the characteristic impedance at the position of the second lever arm 213 is increased before being embedded in the first insulating block 12 or the second insulating block 13. This balances the increase in dielectric constant caused by the change from air to insulating material within the first insulating block 12 or the second insulating block 13, which leads to a decrease in characteristic impedance. By increasing the characteristic impedance at the position of the second lever arm 213 before being embedded in the first insulating block 12 or the second insulating block 13, the overall fluctuation of the characteristic impedance can be made more stable. Furthermore, the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B are arranged side by side in the vertical direction, and in the horizontal direction, the overlap area of ​​the first lever arm 212 of the two rows of signal terminals 21 is greater than the overlap area of ​​the second lever arm 213. This makes the area of ​​the second lever arm 213 between the two rows of signal terminals 21 smaller, so the inter-plate capacitance at the second lever arm 213 is smaller and the characteristic impedance is larger. This increases the characteristic impedance at the second lever arm 213, balancing the decrease in characteristic impedance that would occur if it were embedded in the first insulating block 12 or the second insulating block 13. As a result, the fluctuation of characteristic impedance is more stable, and the integrity of high-frequency signal transmission is improved.

[0068] If the width of the embedded part 214 is B4 and the width of the exposed part 215 is B5, then B4 < B3 and B4 < B5. The embedded portion 214 is embedded in the insulating material. The two ends of the embedded portion 214 are respectively connected to the second lever arm portion 213 and the exposed portion 215. The second lever arm portion 213 and the exposed portion 215 are in contact with the air, so that when the high-frequency signal enters the embedded portion 214 from the second lever arm portion 213 or enters the exposed portion 215 from the embedded portion 214, the dielectric constant is involved. Because the dielectric constant of the insulating material is higher than that of air, the characteristic impedance of the embedded portion 214 embedded in the insulating material will be lower than that of the second lever arm portion 213 and the exposed portion 215 at both ends. By making the width of the embedded portion 214 smaller than that of the second lever arm portion 213 and the exposed portion 215 (i.e., B4 < B3, B4 < B5), the diameter of the embedded portion 214 is reduced, thereby balancing the characteristic impedance fluctuation and improving the integrity of the high-frequency signal transmission. Furthermore, the signal terminal 21 also includes a contraction portion 218 disposed between the second lever arm portion 213 and the embedded portion 214. One end of the second lever arm portion 213 near the contraction portion 218 is embedded in the insulating base 1, and both the contraction portion 218 and the embedded portion 214 are embedded in the insulating base 1; the width of the contraction portion 218 is B8; then B8 < B4 < B3. Due to the aforementioned change in the medium, the second lever arm 213 needs to be reduced in diameter as it extends to the embedded portion 214. Therefore, a gradually narrowing transition surface is provided at the end of the second lever arm 213 near the embedded portion 214. However, the limitations of the injection molding process prevent the end face of the first insulating block 12 or the second insulating block 13 from being placed on the transition surface with a changing width. Consequently, the end of the second lever arm 213 near the embedded portion 214 needs to be embedded within the first insulating block 12 or the second insulating block 13 to ensure that the insulating material completely covers the transition surface with a changing width. That is, the end of the second lever arm 213 connected to the shrinkage portion 218 is covered by the insulating material. Thus, the width at the initial position where the second lever arm 213 joins the insulating material has not yet been reduced. However, the medium suddenly changes from air to an insulating material, which causes a sudden drop in characteristic impedance at the initial position where the second lever arm 213 joins the insulating material. By providing a shrinkage portion 218 connected to the second lever arm 213, the width of the shrinkage portion 218 is smaller than the width of the embedded portion 214 (i.e., B8 < B4 < B3), a secondary diameter reduction is formed to locally increase the characteristic impedance at the end of the second lever arm 213 embedded in the first insulating block 12 or the second insulating block 13. This solves the problem that the insulating material will wrap around the end of the second lever arm 213 during the injection molding process, causing a sudden drop in characteristic impedance at the initial position where the second lever arm 213 joins the insulating material. This balances the fluctuation of characteristic impedance and ensures the integrity of high-frequency signal transmission.

[0069] In the upper terminal block 2A or the lower terminal block 2B, the grounding terminal 22 is located on one side of two adjacent pairs of signal terminals 21. The grounding terminal 22 is used to shield the electromagnetic interference between the two adjacent pairs of signal terminals 21 to reduce crosstalk and ensure the stability of high-frequency signal transmission. The grounding terminal 22 has a second welding portion 221 extending rearward to the support platform 14. The second welding portion 221 and the first welding portion 216 are arranged side by side on the support platform 14 in the left-right direction.

[0070] The metal shell 30 is arranged around the outside of the insulating shell 11. The metal shell 30 is made of a metal plate bent into a ring structure and fitted onto the outside of the insulating shell 11. The metal shell 30 is used to shield the electromagnetic interference received in the inner cavity 111 area to ensure the stability of signal transmission. In this embodiment, a buckle 31 is provided at one end of the metal shell 30 near the support platform 14. The insulating seat 1 is inserted into the metal shell 30 from one end of the metal shell 30. A slot 114 is opened on the insulating seat 1 corresponding to the buckle 31. The buckle 31 is bent into the slot 114 to lock and fix the metal shell 30 and the insulating seat 1. Furthermore, a raised rib 115 is provided on the outer side of the insulating base 1. The raised rib 115 is elongated and extends along the direction in which the insulating base 1 is inserted into the metal shell 30, that is, the raised rib 115 extends in the front-to-back direction. The raised rib 115 abuts against the inner side of the metal shell 30. The raised rib 115 supports the metal shell 30 and the insulating base 1, so that a certain gap is formed between the metal shell 30 and the insulating base 1. This ensures that when the metal shell 303 is plugged into the compatible board end connector, it can generate a certain elastic deformation, thereby improving the tightness of the fit with the compatible board end connector.

[0071] The cable 40 includes an outer sheath 41 and multiple core wire groups 42 located within the outer sheath 41. The outer sheath 41 is the outermost layer of the cable 40 and is used to protect the internal core wire groups 42. Each core wire group 42 includes a signal wire 421, a ground wire 422, a shielding layer 423 wrapped around the signal wire 421 and the ground wire 422, and an insulating layer 424 wrapped around the shielding layer 423. The portion of the signal wire 421 exposed outside the shielding layer 423 and the insulating layer 424 is electrically connected to a first solder joint 216, and the portion of the ground wire 422 exposed outside the shielding layer 423 and the insulating layer 424 is electrically connected to a second solder joint 221 to ensure the transmission of high-frequency signals. In this embodiment, the ground wire 422 is located at the center between the two signal lines 421 in the left-right direction. There are multiple core wire groups 42, with at least two core wire groups 42 arranged in parallel at intervals in the left-right direction. The ground wire 422 of each core wire group 42 is alternately connected to the second soldering part 221 on the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B. That is, the two signal lines 421 of each core wire group 42 are connected to the same side of the support platform 14, and the ground wire 422 of the same core wire group 42 is connected to the other side of the support platform 14. This makes the connection points of the support platform 14 and the two signal lines 421 and one ground wire 422 of the same core wire group 14 arranged in an isosceles triangle shape. Furthermore, the ground wires 422 of each core wire group 42 are alternately connected to both sides of the support platform 14, so that the core wire groups 42 arranged in an isosceles triangle shape are alternately flipped. This can save the space occupied by each core wire group 42 in the left-right direction, thereby reducing the width of the cable 40 connector in the left-right direction, which is conducive to the miniaturization and high-frequency design of the cable 40 connector. Understandably, the two first soldering portions 216 of each pair of signal terminals 21 correspond to the two signal lines 421 of each core wire group 42, and the second soldering portions 221 of each grounding terminal 22 correspond to the ground wire 422 of each core wire group 42. That is, the second soldering portion 221 of the upper terminal block 2A is arranged between the two first soldering portions 216 of the lower terminal block 2B, and the second soldering portion 221 of the lower terminal block 2B is arranged between the two first soldering portions 216 of the upper terminal block 2A. Furthermore, the number of core wire groups 42 can be two, three, four, five, six, or seven. The number of core wire groups 42 is equal to the total number of signal terminal pairs 21 arranged on the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B. Customers can select the number of signal terminal pairs 21 and core wire groups 42 according to actual usage requirements, ensuring that at least one pair of signal terminals 21 and one grounding terminal 22 are arranged on both the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B.

[0072] The shielding layer 423 is made of aluminum foil and covers the outside of the signal line 421 and the ground line 422 to shield them from electromagnetic interference, thereby ensuring the stability of signal transmission of the cable 40. The insulating layer 424 covers the outside of the shielding layer 423 to protect it and prevent communication between the core wire groups 42, ensuring stable signal transmission. Specifically, when the core wire group 42 is soldered to a pair of signal terminals 21 and ground terminals 22, one end of the insulating layer 424 and the shielding layer 423 is cut off. The cut end of the insulating layer 424 is flush with the end of the shielding layer 423. The part of the signal line 421 that passes through the cut is exposed outside the shielding layer 423 to connect to the first soldering part 216, and the part of the ground line 422 that passes through the cut is exposed outside the shielding layer 423 to connect to the second soldering part 221. In this embodiment, the ends of the insulating layer 424 and the shielding layer 423 are cut by laser cutting, which can improve dimensional accuracy. Understandably, the ends of the insulating layer 424 and the shielding layer 423 can also be cut by stamping. Here, the specific end cutting method of the shielding layer 423 and the insulating layer 424 is not limited, as long as the flush cut can expose the ends of the signal line 421 and the ground line 422.

[0073] The upper surfaces of the plurality of first welding portions 216 in the upper terminal block 2A are flush with each other, and the lower surfaces of the plurality of first welding portions 216 in the lower terminal block 2B are flush with each other. The upper surfaces of the first welding portions 216 in the upper terminal block 2A and the lower surfaces of the first welding portions 216 in the lower terminal block 2B are respectively exposed on the upper and lower sides of the support platform 14 to ensure that the cable 40 is welded to the first welding portions 216. In this embodiment, in the vertical direction, the distance between the upper surface of the first welding portion 216 in the upper terminal block 2A and the lower surface of the first welding portion 216 in the lower terminal block 2B is D1, and in the front-back direction, the minimum distance between the shielding layer 423 and the end of the first welding portion 216 is D2, where the end of the first welding portion 216 refers to the end of the first welding portion 216 away from the contact portion 211; therefore, D2 < D1. By increasing the distance between the upper surface of the first welding portion 216 in the upper terminal block 2A and the lower surface of the first welding portion 216 in the lower terminal block 2B, crosstalk between the signal terminals 21 of the upper terminal block 2A and the signal terminals 21 of the lower terminal block 2B is reduced, thereby improving the stability of signal transmission. Further, in this embodiment, the upper surface of the first welding portion 216 in the upper terminal block 2A is flush with the upper surface of the second welding portion 221, and the upper surface of the second welding portion 221 is exposed above the support platform 14; the lower surface of the first welding portion 216 in the lower terminal block 2B is flush with the lower surface of the second welding portion 221, and the lower surface of the second welding portion 221 is exposed below the support platform 14. By aligning the second welding portion 221 with the first welding portion 216, the positioning accuracy at the welding position is improved, thereby reducing the difficulty of welding control, increasing welding efficiency, and reducing processing costs.

[0074] Please see Figure 12 The figure shows the ACR test results for a distance of 1 mm to 1.1 mm between the upper surface of the first welded part 216 in the upper terminal block 2A and the lower surface of the first welded part 216 in the lower terminal block 2B, in the prior art. Point m1 in the figure represents a measured value of -27.33 dB at the location of the first welded part 216 in both the upper and lower terminal blocks 2A. As can be seen from the figure, the measured values ​​of each pair of signal terminals 21 at point m1 are close to or even exceed the standard line, resulting in the test failing to meet the standard requirements and exhibiting poor signal integrity. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 13The figure shows the ACR test results after the distance between the upper surface of the first welded part 216 in the upper terminal block 2A and the lower surface of the first welded part 216 in the lower terminal block 2B was adjusted to 1.55 mm to 2.4 mm. The measured value at point m1 in the figure is -38.45 dB, which is significantly lower than the standard line and meets the standard requirements, ensuring signal integrity. Based on the above test results, it can be concluded that by increasing the distance between the first welded part 216 of the upper terminal block 2A and the first welded part 216 of the lower terminal block 2B to 1.55 mm ≤ D1 ≤ 2.4 mm, the crosstalk between the pair of signal terminals 21 of the upper terminal block 2A and the pair of signal terminals 21 of the lower terminal block 2B is reduced, thereby improving the stability of high-frequency signal transmission. Testing revealed that a larger distance between the first welded portion 216 of the upper terminal block 2A and the first welded portion 216 of the lower terminal block 2B is not necessarily better. A larger distance necessitates a thicker support platform 14, which in turn requires a thicker dielectric layer. A thicker dielectric layer negatively impacts signal transmission quality and stability, potentially leading to timing errors and increased bit error rate. Furthermore, the distance between the first welded portions 216 of the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B is limited by the size of the insulating shell 11. Considering these two factors, the distance between the first welded portions 216 of the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B cannot be excessive. Therefore, after extensive testing, the D1 size range was determined to be 1.55mm ≤ D1 ≤ 2.4mm. This ensures that while reducing signal timing errors and bit error rate, crosstalk is minimized to improve signal integrity. Preferably, the distance D1 between the first welding part 216 of the upper terminal block 2A and the first welding part 216 of the lower terminal block 2B is: 1.55mm≤D1≤1.8mm.

[0075] Please see Figures 1 to 11The minimum distance D2 between the shielding layer 423 and the support platform 14 is: 0.1mm≤D2≤0.3mm. Preferably, the minimum distance D2 between the shielding layer 423 and the support platform 14 is: 0.1mm≤D2≤0.149mm. In this embodiment, the support platform 14 is provided with multiple receiving channels 145 extending vertically between the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B. The ends of multiple second welding parts 221 of the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B are respectively exposed in each receiving channel 145. The ground wire 422 of the core wire group 42 is embedded in the receiving channel 145. The signal wire 421 of the core wire group 42 is electrically connected to the first welding part 216 located on one side of the support platform 14, and the ground wire 422 is bent into one of the receiving channels 145 and electrically connected to the second welding part 221 located on the other side of the support platform 14. By bending the ground wire 422 into the receiving channel 145, the minimum distance between the shielding layer 423 and the support platform 14 is ensured to be 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm. The signal line 421 is welded to the first welding part 216 for conduction. The ground line 422 embedded in the receiving channel 145 is electrically coupled to the second welding part 221. This electrical coupling has two scenarios: first, the ends of the ground line 422 and the second welding part 221 are in direct contact for signal transmission; second, the ends of the ground line 422 and the second welding part 221 are close but have a gap. In this case, when one of the ground line 422 and the second welding part 221 transmits a high-frequency signal, it will generate an electromagnetic induction signal in the other component, thereby achieving intermittent electrical coupling between the ends of the ground line 422 and the second welding part 221 for signal transmission. Simultaneously, because the ground line... 422 is also welded to the side of the second welding part 221 for conduction. Therefore, the electrical coupling between the ground wire 422 and the end of the second welding part 221 can improve the path and area of ​​high-frequency signal transmission, thereby improving the high-frequency signal transmission effect. Furthermore, by embedding the ground wire 422 into the receiving channel 145, the space occupied by the ground wire 422 in the front-back direction between the shielding layer 423 and the support platform 14 is reduced, thereby reducing the distance between the shielding layer 423 and the support platform 14. With the distance between the shielding layer 423 and the support platform 14 becoming smaller, the shielding layer 423 can more completely wrap the signal line 421 and the ground wire 422, reducing the electromagnetic interference received by the signal during transmission and reducing crosstalk. However, it is not always better for the distance between the shielding layer 423 and the support platform 14 to be as small as possible. If the distance between the shielding layer 423 and the support platform 14 is too small, the insulation layer 424 will shrink and deform during the welding process on the support platform 14. The shrinkage and deformation of the insulation layer 424 will affect the post-welding process and the yield rate. Therefore, after testing, it was found that the preferred distance range between the shielding layer 423 and the support platform 14 is 0.1 mm to 0.149 mm.

[0076] In summary, this utility model provides a wire-end connector 100, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0077] 1. By setting the distance between the upper surface of the first welded portion 216 in the upper terminal block 2A and the lower surface of the first welded portion 216 in the lower terminal block 2B to D1, and the minimum distance between the shielding layer 423 and the end of the first welded portion 216 to D2, the distance between the upper surface of the first welded portion 216 in the upper terminal block 2A and the lower surface of the first welded portion 216 in the lower terminal block 2B is increased by setting D2 < D1. Increasing the distance between the first welded portions 216 in the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B can effectively reduce the coupling interference at the position of the first welded portion 216 between the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B, thereby reducing crosstalk between the two rows of signal terminals 21 and improving the integrity of signal transmission, especially in the field of high-frequency signal transmission. At the same time, since the minimum distance between the shielding layer 423 and the end of the first welded portion 216 is reduced, the wrapping length of the shielding layer 423 on the signal line 421 is effectively increased, thereby improving the electromagnetic shielding effect at the welding position of the cable 40 and the signal terminal 21, and further improving the integrity of signal transmission. By appropriately increasing the spacing between the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B by 1.55mm≤D1≤2.4mm, coupling interference can be reduced, thereby reducing crosstalk and improving the integrity of signal transmission. At the same time, it is necessary to avoid excessive spacing between the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B, which would result in excessive thickness of the support platform 14. By controlling the thickness of the dielectric layer between the first welding part 216 in the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B, signal timing errors and bit error rate can be reduced, thereby ensuring the integrity of signal transmission.

[0078] 2. By setting the minimum distance between the shielding layer 423 and the support platform 14 to D2, then 0.1mm≤D2≤0.3mm. If the distance between the shielding layer 423 and the support platform 14 is too small, the insulation layer 424 will shrink and deform during welding, affecting the yield of subsequent processing. Therefore, the distance between the shielding layer 423 and the support platform 14 is set to 0.1mm to 0.3mm. This ensures the yield of processing while minimizing the minimum distance between the shielding layer 423 and the support platform 14 to improve the shielding effect against external electromagnetic interference.

[0079] 3. By opening a through hole 113 on the insulating base 1 corresponding to the location of the contact portion 211, the contact portion 211 is exposed in the through hole 113, thereby reducing the dielectric constant around the outside of the contact portion 211. Since the contact portion 211 is used to contact and communicate with the internal terminal of the mating connector, the contact portion 211 is equivalent to an increase in thickness when it contacts the terminal of the mating connector in the connected state, and the characteristic impedance at the contact portion 211 is reduced. By setting the through hole 113 to reduce the dielectric constant around the contact portion 211, the characteristic impedance at the contact portion 211 is increased, so as to balance the fluctuation of the characteristic impedance at the location of the contact portion 211 and improve the stability of high frequency signal transmission.

[0080] 4. When transmitting differential signals, by arranging the two contact portions 211 of a pair of signal terminals 21 in the same through hole 113, the two contact portions 211 are prevented from being separated by insulating material when they are located in different through holes 113. This makes the two contact portions 211 of a pair of signal terminals 21 more tightly coupled and improves the anti-crosstalk performance at the contact portion 211 position.

[0081] 5. Since the first soldering part 216 is connected to the cable 40 and the contact part 211 abuts against the terminal of the matching mating connector, and the cable 40 has a shielding layer 423, the characteristic impedance of the cable 40 is lower than that of the mating connector. Therefore, the width of the first soldering part 216 is greater than the width of the contact part 211, so that the characteristic impedance value of the first soldering part 216 is lower than that of the contact part 211. This makes the characteristic impedance value of the first soldering part 216 more compatible with the lower characteristic impedance value of the cable 40, and the characteristic impedance value of the contact part 211 more compatible with the higher characteristic impedance value of the mating connector. This balances the fluctuation of characteristic impedance and is beneficial for high-frequency signal transmission. Since the thickness of the signal transmission increases by double after the contact portion 211 abuts against the mating connector terminal, the characteristic impedance at the contact portion 211 decreases. By increasing the width of the first lever arm portion 212, the characteristic impedance at the first lever arm portion 212 can be reduced, thereby making the characteristic impedance of the first lever arm portion 212 and the contact portion 211 more matched. At the same time, considering the deformation of the contact portion 211 when it abuts against the mating connector terminal based on the doubled thickness of the contact portion 211, the signal terminal 21 will be supported more gently, which is equivalent to an increase in cross-sectional area and a decrease in characteristic impedance. The contact area between the gently supported signal terminal 21 and the mating connector terminal will also increase. Considering the case of electrical coupling, the width of the first lever arm portion 212 needs to be more than twice the width of the contact portion 211 to balance the fluctuation of characteristic impedance and facilitate the integrity of high-frequency signal transmission. Since the embedded portion 214 is embedded within the insulating base 1, while the second lever arms 213 and exposed portions 215 at both ends of the embedded portion 214 are not embedded within the insulating base 1, the dielectric constant changes from air to insulating material during signal transmission from the second lever arms 213 to the embedded portion 214 or from the exposed portions 215 to the embedded portion 214, causing the dielectric constant to rise. This sudden increase in dielectric constant leads to a decrease in characteristic impedance. To balance the characteristic impedance fluctuation, the width of the embedded portion 214 is made smaller than the width of the second lever arms 213 and the exposed portions 215, i.e., a diameter reduction treatment is performed at the embedded portion 214 to increase the characteristic impedance of the embedded portion 214, balance the characteristic impedance fluctuation, and facilitate high-frequency signal transmission. By making the width of the second lever arm 213 smaller than the width of the first lever arm 212, the characteristic impedance is increased before embedding in the insulating material, thereby balancing the decrease in characteristic impedance when embedded in the insulating material, resulting in a more stable overall characteristic impedance fluctuation.Because there is a gap between the end of the first solder part 216 and the shielding layer 423, the signal line 421 is subject to more electromagnetic interference at the gap position due to the lack of shielding layer 423 covering it, resulting in a sudden increase in characteristic impedance. By setting a notch 2161 at the end of the first solder part 216 away from the contact part 211 to form a tail part 217, the width of the tail part 217 is reduced and the characteristic impedance is increased. Before the gap position where the signal line 421 is not covered by shielding layer 423, the characteristic impedance is first raised by the tail part 217, thereby making the characteristic impedance rise at the gap position where the signal line 421 is not covered by shielding layer 423 more gradual, avoiding a sudden increase in characteristic impedance and improving signal transmission integrity.

[0082] 6. By making the width of the embedded portion 214 smaller than the width of the second lever arm portion 213 and the exposed portion 215, a primary diameter reduction is formed to balance the characteristic impedance of the second lever arm portion 213 and the exposed portion 215 exposed to air. By providing a shrinkage portion 218 between the second lever arm portion 213 and the embedded portion 214, with one end of the second lever arm portion 213 near the shrinkage portion 218 embedded in the insulating seat 1, and the width of the shrinkage portion 218 being smaller than the width of the embedded portion 214 and the second lever arm portion 213, a secondary diameter reduction is formed to locally increase the characteristic impedance at the end position of the second lever arm portion 213 embedded in the insulating seat 1. This solves the problem that the end position of the second lever arm portion 213 will be wrapped during the injection molding process, causing a sudden drop in characteristic impedance at the initial position of the second lever arm portion 213 entering the insulating seat 1. This balances the fluctuation of characteristic impedance and ensures the stability of high-frequency signal transmission.

[0083] 7. The limiting plate 112 is inserted into the limiting groove 1331 and supported between the first clamping block 123 and the second clamping block 133, so that the limiting plate 112 positions the first insulating block 12 and the second insulating block 13 in the vertical direction. The limiting plate 112 in the limiting groove 1331 is stopped by the stop block 134, so that the limiting plate 112 positions the first insulating block 12 and the second insulating block 13 in the front-back direction. The limiting plate 112 positions the first insulating block 12 and the second insulating block 13 simultaneously in the vertical and front-back directions. The positioning structure is simple and saves production costs.

[0084] 8. The limiting plate 112 includes an extension 1121 and connecting portions 1122 at both ends. The connecting portions 1122 at both ends are integrally connected to the wall of the inner cavity 111. The extension 1121 is supported vertically between the first clamping block 123 and the second clamping block 133, thereby positioning the first insulating block 12 and the second insulating block 13 in the vertical direction. The connecting portions 1122 at both ends abut against the connecting portions 1122 at both ends in the front-back direction, thereby positioning the first insulating block 12 and the second insulating block 13 in the front-back direction. The installation positions of block 12 and the second insulating block 13 are positioned such that the pressure load of the first clamping block 123 and the second clamping block 133 on the limiting plate 112 is applied to the extension 1121, while the pressure load of the stop block 134 on the limiting plate 112 is applied to the connecting part 1122. This effectively disperses the pressure load borne by the limiting plate 112, improves the bearing strength of the limiting plate 112, and ensures the reliability of the limiting plate 112 in positioning the first insulating block 12 and the second insulating block 13 from two directions.

[0085] 9. By inserting the plug 1211 on the first base 121 into the slot 1341 on the stop block 134, the first insulating block 12 and the second insulating block 13 are secured relative to each other. By arranging protruding ribs 1342 on the side of the stop blocks 134 that are close to each other on both sides, and arranging protruding ribs 1342 on the inner walls of both sides of the slot 1341, the first insulating block 12 is pressed against from multiple angles, thereby improving the reliability of the fixation between the first insulating block 12 and the second insulating block 13.

[0086] 10. By providing a receiving channel 145 on the support platform 14 for the ground wire 422 to be bent into, the ground wire 422 is directly arranged on the side of the signal terminal 21, improving the electromagnetic shielding effect between two adjacent signal terminals 21. This also improves the electromagnetic shielding effect between the upper terminal block 2A and the lower terminal block 2B, reducing electromagnetic interference during signal transmission, reducing crosstalk, and ensuring the stability of high-frequency signal transmission. By embedding the ground wire 422 into the receiving channel 145 of the support platform 14, the space occupied by the ground wire 422 between the support platform 14 and the shielding layer 423 of the cable 40 is reduced, thereby reducing the exposed length of the signal line 421 between the shielding layer 423 and the support platform 14, improving the shielding effect against external electromagnetic interference, and enhancing the stability of high-frequency signal transmission.

[0087] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0088] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A wire-end connector, characterized in that, include: An insulating base, wherein the insulating base is provided with an exposed support platform; The upper terminal block and the lower terminal block are both housed in the insulating base and arranged opposite each other on the upper and lower sides of the support platform. Each of the upper and lower terminal blocks includes multiple signal terminals and multiple grounding terminals. Each signal terminal includes a contact portion and a first welding portion disposed at both ends. The contact portion is located inside the insulating base, and the first welding portion extends rearward to the support platform. Each grounding terminal has a second welding portion extending rearward to the support platform. The upper surfaces of the multiple first welding portions in the upper terminal block are flush, and the lower surfaces of the multiple first welding portions in the lower terminal block are flush. The upper surfaces of the first welding portions in the upper terminal block and the lower surfaces of the first welding portions in the lower terminal block are respectively exposed on the upper and lower sides of the support platform. A metal shell, covering the outside of the insulating base; and A cable electrically connects the upper terminal block and the lower terminal block. The cable includes an outer sheath and multiple core wire groups located within the outer sheath. Each core wire group includes a signal wire, a ground wire, a shielding layer covering the outside of the signal wire and the ground wire, and an insulating layer covering the outside of the shielding layer. The portion of the signal wire exposed outside the shielding layer and the insulating layer is electrically connected to the first solder joint, and the portion of the ground wire exposed outside the shielding layer and the insulating layer is electrically connected to the second solder joint. Wherein, in the vertical direction, the distance between the upper surface of the first welded part in the upper terminal block and the lower surface of the first welded part in the lower terminal block is D1, and in the front-back direction, the minimum distance between the shielding layer and the end of the first welded part is D2; then 1.55mm≤D1≤2.4mm, and D2<D1.

2. The wire connector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the first welded part in the upper terminal block is flush with the upper surface of the second welded part, and the lower surface of the first welded part in the lower terminal block is flush with the lower surface of the second welded part; The size range of D2 is: 1.55mm≤D1≤1.8mm; the size range of D2 is: 0.1mm≤D2≤0.3mm.

3. The wire connector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating base has through holes on its upper and lower sides, and the through holes correspond to the positions of the contact parts, with the contact parts exposed inside the through holes.

4. The wire connector according to claim 3, characterized in that, The signal terminals are differential signal terminals. Two adjacent signal terminals are used to transmit a pair of differential signals. Two adjacent pairs of signal terminals are separated by the ground terminal. The two contact portions of a pair of signal terminals are arranged in the same through hole.

5. The wire connector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal terminal includes a first lever arm, a second lever arm, an embedded part, and an exposed part connected sequentially between the contact part and the first welding part; the embedded part is embedded in the insulating base; a notch is provided at one end of the first welding part away from the contact part, the notch is groove-shaped and provided on the side where a pair of signal terminals are close to each other, and a tail portion is formed at the position of the first welding part corresponding to the notch. Wherein, the width of the contact portion is B1, the width of the first lever arm portion is B2, the width of the second lever arm portion is B3, the width of the embedded portion is B4, the width of the exposed portion is B5, the width of the first welded portion is B6, and the width of the finishing portion is B7; then B1 < B7 < B6 < B3 < B2, B2 > 2B1, B4 < B3, B4 < B5.

6. The wire connector according to claim 5, characterized in that, The signal terminal also includes a contraction portion disposed between the second lever arm portion and the embedded portion; one end of the second lever arm portion near the contraction portion is embedded in the insulating base, and both the contraction portion and the embedded portion are embedded in the insulating base; Wherein, the width of the contracted portion is B8; therefore, B8 < B4 < B3.

7. The wire connector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating base includes an insulating shell, a first insulating block and a second insulating block assembled within the insulating shell; a limiting plate is provided inside the insulating shell; the signal terminal also includes an embedded portion located between the contact portion and the first welding portion; The first insulating block includes a first base, a first support portion connected to the first base, and a first clamping block connected to the first support portion; the second insulating block includes a second base, a second support portion connected to the second base, a second clamping block connected to the second support portion, and stop blocks disposed on both sides of the second base; the first base and the second base are joined together vertically, the first support portion covers the embedded portion of the upper terminal block, the second support portion covers the embedded portion of the lower terminal block, the first clamping block and the second clamping block extend from the first support portion and the second support portion respectively towards each other, a limiting groove is provided between the first clamping block and the second clamping block, the limiting groove allows the limiting plate to be inserted so that the limiting plate is supported between the first clamping block and the second clamping block in the vertical direction, and the stop blocks on both sides extend from the second base towards the limiting groove in the front-back direction, so that the stop blocks stop the limiting plate inserted into the limiting groove in the front-back direction.

8. The wire connector according to claim 7, characterized in that, The limiting plate includes an extension portion extending in the left-right direction and two connecting portions. The upper and lower sides of the extension portion abut against the first clamping block and the second clamping block, respectively. The two connecting portions are respectively disposed at the left and right ends of the extension portion and integrally connected to the inner wall of the insulating shell. The stop blocks are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the second base portion and abut against the connecting portions at both ends in the front-back direction, respectively.

9. The wire connector according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the vertical direction, the stop blocks on both sides protrude from the second base toward the first base, so that the first base is embedded between the stop blocks on both sides; the first base is provided with insert blocks on both sides, and the stop blocks on both sides are provided with slots, and the insert blocks are respectively inserted into the slots one by one; The stop blocks on both sides are provided with multiple protruding ridges. Some of the protruding ridges are arranged opposite each other on the side of the stop blocks that are close to each other, so as to press against the two sides of the first base. Other protruding ridges are arranged opposite each other on the inner walls of the two sides of the slot, so as to press against the two sides of the insert block.

10. The wire connector according to claim 1, characterized in that... The support platform has multiple receiving channels extending vertically between the upper terminal block and the lower terminal block. The ends of the multiple second welding parts of the upper terminal block and the lower terminal block are respectively exposed in each of the receiving channels. The signal line of the core wire group is electrically connected to the first welding part located on one side of the support platform, and the ground wire is bent into one of the receiving channels and electrically connected to the second welding part located on the other side of the support platform.

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