Reverse slope water diversion structure for plateau alpine region
By introducing a water diversion system in the reverse slope tunnel construction in high-altitude and cold regions, and by using a heating device in the sedimentation tank, the problem of sewage sedimentation in existing technologies has been solved. This has enabled efficient heating of the sedimentation tank and monitoring of sediment, ensuring construction safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520696484.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-04-14
AI Technical Summary
In the construction of reverse slope tunnels in high-altitude and cold regions, sewage is prone to deposit and freeze at the pumping station, which reduces the pumping station's volume and makes it difficult to monitor the deposit situation, thus affecting construction safety.
A reverse slope water diversion structure for high-altitude and cold regions was designed, including a fixed pumping station, a sedimentation tank, and a heating device. The sedimentation tank is equipped with heating rods and cleaning plates. The heating rods prevent freezing, and the cleaning plates clean the sediment and monitor the sedimentation process.
It effectively prevents the sedimentation tank from freezing, facilitates monitoring of sewage sedimentation, ensures construction safety, reduces the impact of sediment on the heating rods, and improves the reliability of the drainage system.
Smart Images
Figure CN223938120U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of construction drainage technology, and in particular to a reverse slope water diversion structure in high-altitude and cold regions. Background Technology
[0002] Water leakage is a common phenomenon during tunnel construction, especially in high-altitude areas where water inrush is a frequent occurrence. A proper drainage system is crucial for rapid tunnel construction and ensuring safety. During tunnel construction, when the tunnel excavation slope is downslope, natural drainage is sufficient. However, when the tunnel excavation slope is upslope, the geological conditions are complex, the tunnel is long, the slope is steep, the burial depth is great, the diameter is large, and there is significant interference between various operations, making drainage construction extremely difficult.
[0003] Currently, reverse slope drainage typically employs a combination of pipes and pumps to collect clean water and sewage from the tunnel's drainage ditches and sewage ditches, respectively, and then pump them out of the tunnel. However, sewage tends to accumulate at the pumping stations, reducing their capacity and increasing the likelihood of icing.
[0004] Therefore, a reverse slope water diversion structure is needed in high-altitude and cold regions that can avoid freezing and facilitate monitoring of sewage deposition. Utility Model Content
[0005] This invention provides a reverse slope water diversion structure for high-altitude and cold regions, which can prevent sedimentation tanks from freezing and facilitate monitoring of sewage sedimentation.
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides the following technical solution:
[0007] The reverse slope water diversion structure in high-altitude and cold regions includes at least two fixed pumping stations for collecting water from clear water ditches and sewage ditches, respectively. The fixed pumping stations include a chamber located on the side of the construction tunnel, with a sedimentation tank and a water tank adjacent to each other at the bottom of the chamber. A heating device is installed in the sedimentation tank.
[0008] The heating device includes a bracket, a mounting plate, a heating rod, a movable rod, and a cleaning plate;
[0009] The bracket is fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting plate, which has several vertical placement holes, and the heating rod is fixed in the placement holes.
[0010] A cleaning hole is located in the center of the mounting plate. The movable rod is inserted into the cleaning hole, and the cleaning plate is fixed to the bottom of the movable rod. The cleaning plate has a through hole corresponding to the heating rod.
[0011] The basic principles and beneficial effects of the scheme are as follows:
[0012] Because sedimentation tanks have a small volume and a large surface area to volume ratio, meaning they have a large contact area with cold air, heat loss is rapid, making them prone to freezing. In this solution, heating rods are fixed to a support frame to heat the water in the sedimentation tank and prevent freezing. However, over time, the sediment in the sedimentation tank will accumulate, easily attracting dirt to the surface of the heating rods. Furthermore, once the sediment reaches a certain height, it will partially cover the heating rods, affecting the heating effect.
[0013] When using this system, press down on the movable lever to move the cleaning plate downwards. The cleaning plate can scrape away dirt adhering to the heating rod. When the cleaning plate can no longer move downwards, the exposed length of the movable lever can be used to estimate the current thickness of the sediment, allowing you to determine if the sediment is covering part of the heating rod and whether cleaning measures are needed. Even if the sedimentation tank freezes when the heating rod is not in use, the cleaning plate can be used to press down and break the ice layer.
[0014] In summary, this solution can prevent the water in the sedimentation tank from freezing at low temperatures by setting heating rods. At the same time, the combination of movable rods and cleaning plates can be used to clean the heating rods and monitor the sedimentation.
[0015] Furthermore, the mounting plate is rectangular, and the bracket includes four support columns, the upper ends of which are welded to the four corners of the bottom surface of the mounting plate.
[0016] Furthermore, the length of the heating rod is shorter than the length of the support column, and the length of the movable rod is greater than the length of the support column; the edge of the cleaning plate is slidably connected to the support column.
[0017] Compared to the cleaning plate which is only connected to the movable rod, the edge of the cleaning plate is slidably connected to the support column. The edge of the cleaning plate has limiters, which can prevent the cleaning plate from tilting and getting stuck during movement due to uneven force.
[0018] Furthermore, the cleaning plate is rectangular, with hemispherical protrusions fixed at its four corners, and a sliding groove axially opened on the side of the support column facing the cleaning plate, with the hemispherical protrusions inserted into the sliding groove.
[0019] Furthermore, the groove below the bottom of the heating rod is provided with concave and convex teeth, which contact the end of the hemispherical protrusion.
[0020] The contact between the hemispherical protrusion and the concave-convex teeth will cause the cleaning plate to vibrate. The vibration will be transmitted to the moving rod, which can clearly sense that the cleaning plate is below the bottom of the heating rod, making it easy to judge the distance between the deposits and the bottom of the heating rod.
[0021] Furthermore, a steel beam is erected on the top of the water tank and sedimentation tank, and a flat plate is laid on the steel beam. Pre-drilled holes are opened at corresponding positions on the flat plate, and the upper end of the movable rod passes through the pre-drilled holes.
[0022] Furthermore, the movable rod also has a through hole in the radial direction. When the cleaning plate is close to the bottom of the mounting plate, the through hole is located above the plate. A pin is inserted into the through hole, and the length of the pin is greater than the diameter of the reserved hole.
[0023] By setting a latch, the movable rod can be fixed when not in use, preventing the cleaning plate from falling.
[0024] Furthermore, the movable rod is also provided with a scale representing the length from top to bottom. When the cleaning plate contacts the bottom of the sedimentation tank, the zero point of the scale is located on the top surface of the plate.
[0025] The thickness of the sediment can be quickly read using the scale located on the top surface of the plate.
[0026] Furthermore, the movable rod and cleaning plate are made of metal.
[0027] The heating element transfers heat to the cleaning plate and moving rod, preventing them from freezing. This avoids residual water freezing after the cleaning plate and moving rod have drained, which could prevent them from moving properly the next time they are used.
[0028] Furthermore, the cleaning plate has a number of water passage holes evenly distributed on it.
[0029] This can reduce the weight of the cleaning board and avoid excessive resistance when the cleaning board moves downwards. Attached Figure Description
[0030] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal section of the compartment in Example 1 of the reverse slope water diversion structure in high-altitude and cold regions;
[0031] Figure 2 This is a top view of the cleaning plate in Embodiment 1 of the reverse slope water diversion structure in high-altitude and cold regions. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:
[0033] The markings in the accompanying drawings include: sedimentation tank 1, water tank 2, flat plate 3, mounting plate 4, bracket 5, heating rod 6, movable rod 7, cleaning plate 8, through hole 9, and water passage hole 10.
[0034] Example 1
[0035] In high-altitude and cold regions, reverse-slope water diversion structures typically include clear water ditches, sewage ditches, fixed pumping stations, water pumps, and pipelines.
[0036] The clear water ditch is located on both sides of the construction tunnel, while the sewage ditch is located next to the clear water ditch on one side of the construction tunnel.
[0037] There should be at least two fixed pumping stations, one for collecting water from the clear water ditch and the other for collecting water from the sewage ditch.
[0038] The stationary pumping station includes a chamber located beside the construction tunnel. At the bottom of the chamber are adjacent sedimentation tank 1 and water tank 2. Sedimentation tank 1 receives water from either a clear water ditch or a sewage ditch. An overflow channel is also provided between sedimentation tank 1 and water tank 2, and a strainer is fixed to the overflow channel. Water from sedimentation tank 1 flows to water tank 2 through the overflow channel.
[0039] Steel beams are erected on the top of the water tank 2 and the sedimentation tank 1, and flat plates 3 are laid on the steel beams. In this embodiment, the steel beams are I-beams, and the flat plates 3 are wooden boards.
[0040] The water pump is located inside water tank 2, and the pipeline is connected to the water pump. The water pump is used to draw water from water tank 2 and discharge it through the pipeline into the next water tank 2, until water is drawn from the last water tank 2 and discharged outwards. In this embodiment, the pipeline is made of several seamless steel pipes welded together. The pipelines for pumping clean water and sewage are both fixed inside the construction tunnel by wall-mounting. In this embodiment, they are hung on the same side as the tunnel's ventilation and water pipes. The pipelines are also circumferentially covered with thermal insulation cotton, and a heat tracing cable is installed between the thermal insulation cotton and the pipeline to prevent the water inside the pipeline from freezing.
[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the reverse slope water diversion structure in the high-altitude and cold region of this embodiment also includes a heating device, which includes a bracket 5, a mounting plate 4, a heating rod 6, a movable rod 7, and a cleaning plate 8.
[0042] The bracket 5 is fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting plate 4. Specifically, the mounting plate 4 is rectangular; the bracket 5 includes four support columns, the upper ends of which are welded to the four corners of the bottom surface of the mounting plate 4 respectively; the length of the support columns can be determined according to the depth of the sedimentation tank 1 or the distance from the bottom of the sedimentation tank 1 to the bottom of the overflow channel, so that after the bracket 5 is placed in the sedimentation tank 1, the mounting plate 4 is higher than the water surface.
[0043] The mounting plate 4 has several vertically spaced holes, and the heating rods 6 are fixed in the holes. The length of the heating rods 6 is shorter than the length of the bracket 5. In this embodiment, there are 4 holes, and correspondingly, there are 4 heating rods 6.
[0044] A cleaning hole is provided at the center of the mounting plate 4. The movable rod 7 is inserted into the cleaning hole, and the cleaning plate 8 is fixed to the bottom end of the movable rod 7. Figure 2 As shown, the cleaning plate 8 has through holes 9 corresponding to the heating rod 6. The length of the movable rod 7 is greater than the length of the support column. The edge of the cleaning plate 8 is slidably connected to the support column. Specifically, hemispherical protrusions are fixed at the four corners of the cleaning plate 8, and the support column has an axial groove facing the side of the cleaning plate 8, into which the hemispherical protrusions are inserted. The groove corresponding to the heating rod 6 has serrated edges, the corresponding section being the area from the bottom of the heating rod 6 to the bottom surface of the mounting plate 4, where the serrated edges contact the ends of the hemispherical protrusions. In this embodiment, the serrated edges are continuous arcs.
[0045] The movable rod 7 and the cleaning plate 8 are made of metal. The movable rod 7 is a hollow tube, and the cleaning plate 8 has several water passage holes 10 evenly distributed on it.
[0046] A pre-drilled hole is provided at the corresponding position on the plate 3, and the upper end of the movable rod 7 passes through the pre-drilled hole. The rod body of the movable rod 7 also has a through hole in the radial direction. When the cleaning plate 8 is close to the bottom of the mounting plate 4, the through hole is located above the plate 3, and a pin is inserted into the through hole. The length of the pin is greater than the diameter of the pre-drilled hole.
[0047] The movable rod 7 is also equipped with a scale indicating the length from top to bottom. When the cleaning plate 8 contacts the bottom of the sedimentation tank 1, the zero point of the scale is located on the top surface of the plate 3.
[0048] Because sedimentation tank 1 has a small volume and a large surface area to volume ratio, meaning it has a large contact area with cold air, heat dissipation is rapid, making it prone to freezing. In this embodiment, during use, the movable rod 7 is first raised to the top, the pin is inserted into the through hole, and the heating rod 6 is turned on depending on the ambient temperature. During inspection, personnel remove the pin and press the movable rod 7 down, causing it to move the cleaning plate 8 downwards. The cleaning plate 8 scrapes away the dirt adhering to the heating rod 6. When the cleaning plate 8 can no longer move downwards, the current sediment thickness can be determined by the reading on the scale of the movable rod 7, allowing for appropriate measures to be taken.
[0049] Example 2
[0050] This embodiment takes the small-scale breakthrough construction of the main tunnel in the inclined shaft construction area as an example. In this embodiment, the groundwater in the excavated section of the working face, the unfinished section of the initial support and the side ditch of the secondary lining, the drainage of the construction road surface inside the tunnel and the construction sewage are sewage, while the water discharged into the tunnel behind the lining of the completed section is clean water.
[0051] Clear water flowing into the tunnel from behind the lining is collected using clear water ditches on both sides of the main tunnel and the inclined shaft. Sewage is collected using sewage ditches next to the clear water ditches on one side of the main tunnel and the one next to the clear water ditches on the inclined shaft. In this embodiment, a 2% cross slope is provided at the bottom of the inclined shaft to guide the sewage to the sewage ditch. Multiple fixed pumping stations are gradually installed in the main tunnel and the inclined shaft, with clear water and sewage not sharing fixed pumping stations. In this embodiment, the clear water ditch has a diversion channel to guide the clear water into the adjacent sedimentation tank 1.
[0052] The sewage ditch directs sewage to the working face, where it is then pumped by mobile pumps and hoses to the sedimentation tank 1 of the nearest fixed sewage pumping station. In this embodiment, the mobile pumps are submersible pumps, while the pumps in the fixed pumping stations are centrifugal pumps or submersible pumps. Depending on the location of the fixed pumping station from the tunnel entrance, water in the water tank 2 is pumped through pumps and pipes to the next fixed pumping station or outside the tunnel. For example, a fixed pumping station is set up every 1000m.
[0053] The above are merely embodiments of this utility model. This utility model is not limited to the field covered by this embodiment. Commonly known structures and characteristics in the solution are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are able to access all existing technologies in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims. The specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.
Claims
1. A reverse-slope water diversion structure for high-altitude and cold regions, comprising at least two fixed pumping stations for collecting water flows from clear water ditches and sewage ditches respectively; each fixed pumping station includes a chamber located on the side of a construction tunnel, with a sedimentation tank and a water tank adjacent to each other at the bottom of the chamber, characterized in that, The sedimentation tank is equipped with a heating device; The heating device includes a bracket, a mounting plate, a heating rod, a movable rod, and a cleaning plate; The bracket is fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting plate, which has several vertical placement holes, and the heating rod is fixed in the placement holes. A cleaning hole is located in the center of the mounting plate. The movable rod is inserted into the cleaning hole, and the cleaning plate is fixed to the bottom of the movable rod. The cleaning plate has a through hole corresponding to the heating rod.
2. The reverse slope water diversion structure for high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting plate is rectangular, and the bracket includes four support columns, the upper ends of which are welded to the four corners of the bottom surface of the mounting plate.
3. The reverse slope water diversion structure for high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the heating rod is shorter than the length of the support column, and the length of the movable rod is greater than the length of the support column; the edge of the cleaning plate is slidably connected to the support column.
4. The reverse slope water diversion structure for high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cleaning plate is rectangular, with hemispherical protrusions fixed at its four corners. The support column has an axial groove facing one side of the cleaning plate, and the hemispherical protrusions are inserted into the groove.
5. The reverse slope water diversion structure for high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The groove below the bottom of the heating rod is provided with concave and convex teeth, which contact the end of the hemispherical protrusion.
6. The reverse slope water diversion structure for high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the water tank and sedimentation tank is supported by steel beams, and flat plates are laid on the steel beams. Pre-drilled holes are opened at corresponding positions on the flat plates, and the upper end of the movable rod passes through the pre-drilled holes.
7. The reverse slope water diversion structure for high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The movable rod also has a through hole in the radial direction. When the cleaning plate is close to the bottom of the mounting plate, the through hole is located above the plate. A pin is inserted into the through hole, and the length of the pin is greater than the diameter of the reserved hole.
8. The reverse slope water diversion structure for high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 7, characterized in that: The movable rod is also provided with a scale indicating length from top to bottom. When the cleaning plate contacts the bottom of the sedimentation tank, the zero point of the scale is located on the top surface of the plate.
9. The reverse slope water diversion structure for high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 8, characterized in that: The movable rod and cleaning plate are made of metal.
10. The reverse slope water diversion structure for high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cleaning plate has several water passage holes evenly spaced.