Adjustable damper

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of vibration and noise control, in particular to an adjustable damper. The damping device comprises a bottom plate, a damping cylinder, a top plate, a damping rod and damping liquid, the damping cylinder is fixed on the bottom plate, the damping cylinder contains the damping liquid, the damping rod is partially inserted into the damping liquid, the damping cylinder or the bottom plate is connected with a foundation structure, the top plate is connected with a controlled object, the damping device further comprises a damping adjusting structure, and the damping adjusting structure is installed on the top plate. The damping adjusting structure is connected with the damping rod and adjusts the depth of the damping rod inserted into the damping liquid. The damping coefficient of the damper can be adjusted on a working site, and the damper is particularly suitable for vibration control of equipment such as machinery and pipelines. Meanwhile, the adjustable damper has the advantages of being simple in structure, low in cost, convenient to adjust and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of vibration and noise control, and in particular relates to an adjustable damper for controlling the vibration of equipment such as machinery and pipelines. Background Technology

[0002] Viscous dampers typically consist of an upper shell, a lower shell, a damping rod, and a damping fluid. The lower shell contains the damping fluid and is connected to the foundation structure. The upper shell is connected to the damping rod and the controlled structure, with the damping rod immersed in the damping fluid. During operation, the controlled structure drives the damping rod to reciprocate in the damping fluid via the upper shell. Vibrational energy is dissipated through the shearing action of the damping rod on the damping fluid. The damping performance of a viscous damper depends on the characteristics of the damping fluid and the shear area of ​​the damping rod in the damping fluid. Therefore, once a viscous damper is manufactured, its damping performance remains fixed, as exemplified by the horizontal frequency-modulated mass damper in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN107700695A. In practical engineering projects, the application of dampers presents the following problems: First, the actual vibration characteristics of the controlled structure may deviate from the design performance parameters of the damper; second, in certain situations, the state of the controlled structure may change, especially when the controlled structure is mechanical equipment or piping, where its vibration characteristics are affected by operating conditions, resulting in a large range and frequency of change. Therefore, there is a contradiction between the fixed damping performance of the damper and the variability of the vibration characteristics of the controlled structure.

[0003] In conclusion, there is an urgent market need for an adjustable damper that can adjust its damping performance on-site, especially for controlling the vibration of equipment such as machinery and pipelines. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide an adjustable damper that allows for on-site adjustment of the damping coefficient, making it particularly suitable for vibration control of machinery and pipelines. Furthermore, this adjustable damper features a simple structure, low cost, and convenient adjustment.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0006] An adjustable damper includes a base plate, a damping cylinder, a top plate, a damping rod, and a damping fluid. The damping cylinder is fixed to the base plate and contains the damping fluid. The damping rod is partially inserted into the damping fluid. The damping cylinder or the base plate is connected to the foundation structure, and the top plate is connected to the controlled object. This invention also includes a damping adjustment structure, which is installed on the top plate and is connected to the damping rod to adjust the depth of the damping rod inserted into the damping fluid.

[0007] The damping adjustment structure includes an adjusting screw, a locking nut, and a threaded hole on the top plate that mates with the adjusting screw. The adjusting screw is installed in the threaded hole on the top plate, and the locking nut is installed on the adjusting screw and abuts against the upper surface of the top plate. The top of the adjusting screw has a wrench interface, and the bottom of the adjusting screw is connected to the damping rod. In application, a tool is used to rotate the adjusting screw through the plate interface on the top of the adjusting screw, allowing it to move up and down relative to the top plate, thereby adjusting the depth to which the damping rod is inserted into the damping fluid. Tightening the locking nut on the adjusting screw provides a locking and anti-loosening effect, preventing the threaded connection between the adjusting screw and the top plate from loosening under vibration conditions, which would affect the actual performance of the damper.

[0008] Furthermore, the damping adjustment structure also includes an upper pull bolt and a lower press bolt. The adjusting screw has a through hole on its axis, with an internal thread at the upper part of the through hole that mates with the lower press bolt. The lower part of the through hole is a tapered hole. The top of the damping rod has a tapered column that mates with the tapered hole. The axis of the tapered column has a threaded hole. When the damping rod is pulled up, the upper pull bolt passes through the through hole of the adjusting screw, its bottom screws into the threaded hole of the tapered column, and its top abuts against the top surface of the adjusting screw, pulling the tapered column into the tapered hole of the adjusting screw. When the damping rod is pressed down, the lower press bolt screws in through the internal thread of the adjusting screw, its bottom abuts against the top end face of the tapered column, pushing the tapered column away from the tapered hole. The tapered column and tapered hole work together to achieve automatic centering and force transmission. The upper pull bolt and lower press bolt, each with its corresponding internal thread, connect and separate the tapered column from the adjusting screw. The application method of this structure is as follows. When the damping rod needs to be adjusted upwards, first loosen the lock nut and ensure that the pull bolt is disengaged from the internal thread of the tapered column. Rotate the adjusting screw to raise it to a certain height. Then, insert the pull bolt into the adjusting screw so that its lower part is screwed into the threaded hole of the tapered column. When the top of the pull bolt touches the top surface of the adjusting screw, continue to rotate. Through the relative movement of the threaded engagement, the tapered column and the damping rod will be pulled upwards together until the tapered column is pulled into the tapered hole of the adjusting screw. If the damping rod has not yet reached the expected height, continue to rotate the adjusting screw upwards first, then rotate the pull bolt downwards, repeating this cycle until the damping rod is adjusted to the expected height. Finally, tighten the pull bolt and lock nut in sequence to ensure that the tapered column is tightly engaged with the tapered hole of the adjusting screw and that the lock nut is in close contact with the top surface. When adjusting the damping rod downwards, first ensure the pull bolt is removed. Screw the lower bolt into the internal thread of the adjusting screw and continue screwing until it contacts the top surface of the tapered column. Then, continue screwing the lower bolt deeper, moving the tapered rod and damping rod downwards a certain distance. Finally, loosen the lock nut and rotate the adjusting screw downwards until the tapered hole of the adjusting screw contacts the tapered column. Check if the height of the adjusting screw reaches the expected requirement. If not, repeat the above operation. When the damping rod reaches the expected height, remove the lower bolt, install the pull bolt and tighten it to tightly connect the tapered column and the adjusting screw. Tighten the lock nut to lock the adjusting screw. From the above application method, it can be seen that when adjusting the depth of the damping rod inserted into the damping fluid, the movement of the damping rod is a vertical translation. The advantage of this motion design is that it reduces motion resistance and minimizes the agitation of the damping fluid by the damping rod. This facilitates the rapid return of the damping fluid to its normal state after adjustment, allowing the adjustable damper to quickly reach its normal operating performance and shortening the on-site damper adjustment time. Therefore, this structural design is more suitable for applications with larger damper volumes, improving the efficiency and effectiveness of damper adjustment.

[0009] Furthermore, the adjusting screw is equipped with a scale. In this case, a groove with a flat bottom needs to be made on the adjusting screw, and the scale can be a thin sheet-type scale strip that is sprayed, laser-printed, or fixed within the groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the damping adjustment structure includes a bracket, an adjusting screw, an adjusting rod, a clamp, and an adjusting hole on the top plate corresponding to the adjusting rod. The bracket is fixed to the upper surface of the top plate and erected above the adjusting hole. A horizontal plate is provided at the top of the bracket, with a connection interface for the adjusting screw on the horizontal plate. The clamp includes a fixed part, a movable part, and a connecting bolt. Both the fixed and movable parts are composed of a clamping plate and an ear plate. The clamping plate matches the outer contour of the adjusting rod. The ear plate has connecting holes and is fixed to both sides of the clamping plate. The ear plates of the fixed and movable parts are connected together by the connecting bolt. The fixed part is fixedly connected to the top plate or the bracket. A through hole is provided on the axis of the adjusting rod, with a connection interface for the adjusting screw at the top end and a fixed connection to the damping rod at the bottom end. It is installed in the adjusting hole and clamp on the top plate. The top of the adjusting screw has a wrench interface, with a stop block below the wrench interface. The adjusting screw, the horizontal plate of the bracket, and the adjusting rod are all rotatably connected. The bracket supports the adjusting screw and provides reaction force support during adjustment. The support structure can consist of two uprights and a horizontal plate, or it can be a frame composed of multiple uprights and a horizontal plate. Specific structural details are not provided here, as long as it fulfills the functions described in this technical solution. The top of the support has a horizontal plate with a connection interface for the adjusting screw. This connection interface can be a through hole or a threaded hole. When a through hole is provided on the horizontal plate, the baffle of the adjusting screw is close to the wrench interface at the top of the adjusting screw, and both are arranged on opposite sides of the horizontal plate of the support. The baffle can be a nut, and correspondingly, the connection interface between the adjusting rod and the adjusting screw is internally threaded. In this case, the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to both the horizontal plate of the support and the adjusting rod. When the adjusting screw is rotated, the adjusting screw does not change position relative to the support, and the adjusting rod can move up and down along the adjusting screw. When a threaded hole is provided on the horizontal plate, the thread of the adjusting screw mates with this threaded hole, and the baffle is located at the bottom of the adjusting screw and is rotatably connected to the adjusting rod. The rotatable connection here can have various structural forms. For example, a detachable end cap can be provided at the end of the adjusting rod, with a through hole in the center of the end cap for the adjusting screw to pass through. A chamber is left below the end cap to accommodate the baffle, which can only rotate within this chamber. In this case, the adjusting screw, the cross plate of the support, and the adjusting rod are all rotatably connected. When the adjusting screw is rotated, the adjusting screw moves up and down relative to the support, while the adjusting screw does not change position relative to the adjusting rod. This ultimately achieves the purpose of adjusting the adjusting screw driving the adjusting rod and the damping rod to move up and down together, thereby adjusting the depth of the damping rod's insertion into the damping fluid. The adjusting rod serves to connect the damping rod and transmit vibration. The length of the adjusting rod should be greater than the height adjustment range of the adjustable damper's damping rod. The clamp can lock and release the adjusting rod, and ensures a gapless connection between the adjusting rod and the top plate when locked, which is beneficial for transmitting all the vibration of the controlled object to the damping rod.

[0011] The damping adjustment structure includes a support cylinder, an adjusting screw, an adjusting rod, a clamp, and an adjusting hole on the top plate corresponding to the inner cavity of the support cylinder. The support cylinder is fixed to the upper surface of the top plate and has a through inner cavity. The top of the support cylinder has a detachable end cap. A partition is provided in the upper part of the inner cavity, dividing the inner cavity into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The partition and the cover plate have through holes corresponding to the adjusting screw. An opening is provided on the lower side wall of the support cylinder, and clamping plates are provided on both sides of the opening. The clamp includes a pressure plate, an ear plate, and a connecting bolt. The pressure plate corresponds to the opening on the side wall of the support cylinder, and the ear plate is set on the pressure plate. On both sides of the plate, the ear plate and the clamping plate have corresponding mounting holes. Connecting bolts are installed in these mounting holes. The outer diameter of the adjusting rod is adapted to the inner diameter of the support cylinder. A through hole is provided on the axis of the adjusting rod, and a connection interface for the adjusting screw is located within this hole. The lower end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the damping rod and installed in the adjusting hole of the top plate and the support cylinder. The top of the adjusting screw has a wrench interface, and a stop block is located below the wrench interface. The adjusting screw passes through the support cylinder and connects to the adjusting rod. The stop block is accommodated in the upper cavity of the support cylinder. The adjusting screw, support cylinder, and adjusting rod are all rotatably connected. The support cylinder houses the adjusting rod. During adjustment, loosening the connecting bolts of the clamp allows the adjusting rod to be pulled up and pushed down by the adjusting screw, thereby adjusting the depth of the damping rod inserted into the damping fluid. After adjustment, tightening the connecting bolts of the clamp locks the adjusting rod and the support cylinder together, thus enabling the controlled object to drive the damping rod to vibrate in the damping fluid via the top plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a vertical observation slit is provided on the side wall of the support cylinder, a scale is provided next to the observation slit, and an indicator rod is provided at the end of the adjusting rod, extending from the observation slit. Through the observation slit, scale, and indicator rod, the position of the adjusting rod can be clearly and accurately observed, facilitating the adjustment of the damper. The scale and indicator rod have various structural forms, which will not be described in detail here.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjustable damper also includes a support rod disposed between the base plate and the top plate and connected by bolts. The support rod is used to secure and connect the top and base plates of the adjustable damper during transportation and storage.

[0014] Furthermore, a flexible protective sleeve is provided between the top plate and the damping cylinder. The flexible protective sleeve is used to seal the gap between the top plate and the damping cylinder, preventing debris from entering the interior of the damping cylinder and providing reliability for the adjustable damper.

[0015] Furthermore, a mandrel or sleeve is fixedly mounted on the base plate, extending into the damping rod. The mandrel or sleeve enables the inner wall of the damping rod to also exert a shearing effect on the damping fluid, allowing for a further increase in the damping coefficient and damping force of the damper without increasing the size of the damping rod. This is beneficial for designing damper products with greater damping force within a limited volume space. Additionally, the sleeve and damping rod can be configured in a multi-layered nested structure.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0017] (1) This utility model realizes the adjustment of the damping performance of the damper on the engineering site through the damping adjustment structure.

[0018] (2) This utility model has a variety of structural forms and can be applied to a variety of damper specifications and models. In particular, it has a damping adjustment structure in the form of a bracket and a support cylinder, which is especially suitable for adjusting large-size, large-damping-force dampers. After adjustment, the damping fluid recovers to its original state in a short time, which significantly improves the efficiency of adjustment.

[0019] (3) This utility model uses a thread drive to adjust the insertion depth of the damping rod, which has high adjustment accuracy and is more conducive to the adjustable damper to achieve a more precise working state.

[0020] (4) This utility model also has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, high reliability, convenient application and wide applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable damper of this utility model in Embodiment 1.

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A sectional view along line AA.

[0023] Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the adjustable damper of this utility model in Embodiment 2.

[0024] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the adjustable damper of this utility model in Embodiment 2.

[0025] Figure 5 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the adjustable damper of this utility model in Embodiment 3.

[0026] Figure 6 This is the second schematic diagram of the adjustable damper of this utility model in Embodiment 3.

[0027] Figure 7 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the adjustable damper of this utility model in Embodiment 4.

[0028] Figure 8 This is the second schematic diagram of the adjustable damper of this utility model in Embodiment 4. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the adjustable damper in this embodiment includes a base plate 1, a damping cylinder 2, a top plate 3, an adjusting screw 4, a locking nut 5, a protective sleeve 6, a support rod 7, a damping rod 8, and damping fluid 21. The top plate 3 has a threaded hole I 31, in which the adjusting screw 4 is installed. The locking nut 5 is installed on the adjusting screw 4 and abuts against the upper surface of the top plate 3. The top of the adjusting screw 4 has a wrench interface 41, and a scale 42 is provided on the side wall of the adjusting screw 4. The bottom of the adjusting screw 4 is connected to the damping rod 8, which is partially inserted into the damping fluid 21. The damping cylinder 2 is fixed to the base plate 1 and contains the damping fluid 21. The adjusting screw 4, the locking nut 5, and the threaded hole I 31 on the top plate 3 that mates with the adjusting screw 4 constitute the damping adjustment structure.

[0031] The scale I42 on the adjusting screw 4 is a thin, adhesive-bonded scale strip. In this case, a groove with a flat bottom needs to be made on the adjusting screw. Alternatively, the scale I42 can also be a scale that is sprayed or laser-printed into the bottom surface of the groove.

[0032] The damping cylinder 2 or the base plate 1 is connected to the foundation structure, and the top plate 3 is connected to the controlled object. Specific connection methods are not shown here; the key is to establish a fixed connection and transmit vibration. In this embodiment, the damping rod 8 is a circular tube. In practical applications, it can also be a steel rod or a steel rod combined with multiple fins. Furthermore, the circular tube of the damping rod can also be a multi-ring nested style. These can all be designed and adjusted according to the actual working conditions, and will not be detailed or shown here.

[0033] In application, first loosen the locking nut 5 using a tool, then rotate the adjusting screw 4 through the wrench interface 41, allowing it to rotate within the threaded hole I 31. This causes the adjusting screw 4 to rise or fall relative to the top plate 3, thereby driving the damping rod 8 to move up and down relative to the damping cylinder 2, ultimately adjusting the depth to which the damping rod 8 is inserted into the damping fluid 21. After adjusting the adjusting screw 4 to the desired height, tighten the locking nut 5. The locking nut 5 has a locking and anti-loosening function, preventing the threaded connection between the adjusting screw and the top plate from loosening under vibration conditions, thus affecting the actual effect of the damper. The adjusting screw is also equipped with a scale. At this time, a groove with a flat bottom needs to be made on the adjusting screw. The scale can be a thin strip of scale sprayed, laser-printed, or fixed in the groove.

[0034] The adjustable damper in this embodiment uses an adjusting screw and a locking nut to adjust the depth of the damping rod inserted into the damping fluid via threaded motion, enabling on-site adjustment of the damping performance. It also features high adjustment accuracy, simple structure, low cost, convenient application, and reliable performance.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that a core rod 10 is fixedly installed on the base plate 1, and the damping adjustment structure also includes an upper pull bolt 11 and a lower press bolt 12. A through hole is provided on the axis of the adjusting screw 4. The upper part of the through hole is provided with an internal thread 43 that mates with the lower press bolt 12, and the lower part of the through hole is a tapered hole 44. The top of the damping rod 8 is provided with a tapered column 9 that mates with the tapered hole 44. A threaded hole II 91 is provided on the axis of the tapered column 9. The threaded hole II 91 mates with the thread of the upper pull bolt.

[0037] When the damping rod is pulled up, the pull bolt passes through the through hole of the adjusting screw, its bottom screwing into the threaded hole II of the tapered column, and its top abutting against the top surface of the adjusting screw, pulling the tapered column into the tapered hole of the adjusting screw. When the damping rod is pressed down, the press bolt screws in through the internal thread of the adjusting screw, its bottom abutting against the top end face of the tapered column, pushing the tapered column away from the tapered hole. The tapered column and the tapered hole cooperate to achieve automatic centering and force transmission. The pull bolt and the press bolt, respectively, engage with their corresponding internal threads to connect and disconnect the tapered column from the adjusting screw.

[0038] The application method of this structure is as follows. When it is necessary to adjust the damping rod upward, first loosen the lock nut and ensure that the pull bolt and the internal thread of the tapered column are separated. Rotate the adjusting screw to raise it to a certain height. Then insert the pull bolt into the adjusting screw so that its lower part is screwed into the threaded hole of the tapered column. When the top of the pull bolt touches the top surface of the adjusting screw, continue to rotate. Through the relative movement of the threaded engagement, the tapered column and the damping rod are pulled upward together until the tapered column is pulled into the tapered hole of the adjusting screw. If the damping rod has not yet reached the expected height, continue to first rotate the adjusting screw upward and then rotate the pull bolt downward, repeating the cycle until the damping rod is adjusted to the expected height. Finally, tighten the pull bolt and the lock nut in sequence so that the tapered column and the tapered hole of the adjusting screw are tightly engaged, and the lock nut is in close contact with the top surface. When the damping rod needs to be adjusted downwards, first ensure that the pull bolt has been removed. Screw the lower bolt into the internal thread of the adjusting screw and continue screwing until it contacts the top surface of the tapered column. Then, continue to screw the lower bolt deeper, pressing the tapered rod and damping rod down a certain distance. Finally, loosen the lock nut and rotate the adjusting screw downwards until the tapered hole of the adjusting screw contacts the tapered column. Check if the height of the adjusting screw reaches the expected requirement. If not, repeat the above operation. When the damping rod is adjusted downwards to the expected height, remove the lower bolt, install the pull bolt and tighten it to tightly connect the tapered column and the adjusting screw. Tighten the lock nut to lock the adjusting screw.

[0039] As can be seen from the above application method, when adjusting the depth of the damping rod inserted into the damping fluid, the movement of the damping rod is a vertical translation. The advantage of this movement is that it reduces both motion resistance and the degree of agitation of the damping fluid by the damping rod, facilitating the rapid return of the damping fluid to its normal state after adjustment. This allows the adjustable damper to quickly reach its normal operating performance, shortening the time required for on-site damper adjustment. Therefore, this structural design is more suitable for applications with larger damper volumes, improving the efficiency and effectiveness of damper adjustment.

[0040] The purpose of setting the mandrel on the base plate is to enable the inner wall of the damping rod to also generate a shearing effect on the damping fluid, thereby further increasing the damping force and damping coefficient of the damper without changing the overall size of the adjustable damper.

[0041] The adjustable damper in this embodiment features a tapered hole in the adjusting screw and a tapered column above the damping rod. The adjusting screw and tapered column are engaged and disengaged via pull-up and pull-down bolts. This ensures that the damping rod moves smoothly up and down when inserted to the appropriate damping depth, reducing adjustment resistance. This is particularly suitable for large-size dampers with high damping forces. Furthermore, the damping fluid recovers quickly after adjustment, significantly improving adjustment efficiency. Simultaneously, the tapered hole and tapered column structure enable automatic alignment and reliable transmission of axial and lateral forces, enhancing overall reliability.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the adjustable damper of this embodiment includes a base plate 1, a damping cylinder 2, a top plate 3, a damping fluid 21, a protective sleeve 6, a support rod 7, and a damping adjustment structure including a bracket 13, an adjusting screw 4, an adjusting rod 8', an adjusting hole 31 on the top plate corresponding to the adjusting rod, and a clamp. The clamp includes a fixed part, a movable part, and a connecting bolt 17. Both the fixed part and the movable part are composed of a clamping plate 15 and an ear plate 16. The clamping plate can cooperate with the outer contour of the adjusting rod, and the ear plate is provided with a connecting hole and fixed to both sides of the clamping plate. The ear plates of the fixed part and the movable part are connected together by the connecting bolt 17. The fixing part is fixedly connected to the top plate 3. The bracket 13 is fixed on the upper surface of the top plate 3 and is erected above the adjustment hole 31. The top of the bracket 13 is provided with a horizontal plate 14. The horizontal plate 14 is provided with a connection interface for the adjustment screw 4. The axis of the adjustment rod 8' is provided with a through hole. The top end is provided with a connection interface 81 for the adjustment screw 4. The bottom end is fixedly connected to the damping rod 8 and installed in the adjustment hole 31 of the top plate 3 and the clamp. The top end of the adjustment screw 4 is provided with a wrench interface 41. A stop block 45 is provided below the wrench interface 41. The adjustment screw 4 is rotatably connected to the horizontal plate 14 of the bracket and the adjustment rod 8'.

[0044] The bracket is used to support the adjusting screw and provides reaction force support during the adjustment process. The bracket can be composed of two uprights and a horizontal plate, or it can be a frame composed of multiple uprights and a horizontal plate. This example only illustrates the structure of two uprights and a horizontal plate. Other structural styles will not be shown here, as long as they can achieve the functions described in this technical solution.

[0045] The top of the bracket has a horizontal plate with a connection interface for the adjusting screw. This connection interface can be either a through hole or a threaded hole. In this embodiment, the connection interface for the adjusting screw on the horizontal plate is a through hole. The baffle of the adjusting screw is close to the wrench interface at the top of the adjusting screw, and both are arranged on opposite sides of the horizontal plate of the bracket. The baffle can be a nut, and correspondingly, the connection interface between the adjusting rod and the adjusting screw is an internal thread. In this case, the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to both the horizontal plate of the bracket and the adjusting rod. When the adjusting screw is rotated, its position relative to the bracket remains unchanged, and the adjusting rod can move up and down along the adjusting screw. When the connection interface for the adjusting screw on the horizontal plate is a threaded hole, the thread of the adjusting screw mates with this threaded hole. The baffle is located at the bottom of the adjusting screw and is rotatably connected to the adjusting rod. This rotatable connection can have various structural forms. For example, a detachable end cap can be provided at the end of the adjusting rod, with a through hole in the center of the end cap for the adjusting screw to pass through. A chamber is provided below the end cap to accommodate the baffle, and the baffle can only rotate within this chamber. At this point, the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the cross plate and adjusting rod of the support. When the adjusting screw is rotated, it moves up and down relative to the support, but its position remains unchanged relative to the adjusting rod. This ultimately allows the adjusting screw to drive the adjusting rod and damping rod to move up and down together, thus adjusting the depth of the damping rod's insertion into the damping fluid.

[0046] The adjusting rod serves to connect the damping rod and transmit vibration. The through hole on the axis of the adjusting rod is used to accommodate the adjusting screw, and its length should be greater than the height adjustment range of the adjustable damper's damping rod.

[0047] The clamp enables locking and releasing of the adjusting rod, and ensures a gapless connection between the adjusting rod and the top plate when locked, which facilitates the complete transmission of vibration of the controlled object to the damping rod. The clamp's fixing part can be fixed to the top plate or directly; this embodiment uses the connection between the fixing part and the top plate as an example for explanation.

[0048] The advantages of the adjustable damper in this embodiment include the following: First, the damping adjustment structure enables precise and stepless adjustment of the depth of the damping rod inserted into the damping fluid. Second, during the adjustment process, the damping rod moves vertically relative to the damping fluid. Compared to vertical movement accompanied by rotation, the advantage of this adjustment method is that the resistance to vertical movement of the damping rod is small. Even when the damping rod is large or the damping fluid viscosity is high, the adjustment operation can still be performed relatively easily. In addition, the stirring of the damping fluid is minimal when the damping rod moves, and the damping fluid can quickly return to its normal state after adjustment, which can greatly shorten the damper adjustment time and improve the adjustment efficiency, especially for dampers using high-viscosity damping fluids. Third, the damping adjustment structure can easily lock and release the damping rod component, and the lockout is seamless, which can transmit small vibrations and provide adaptability and reliability to the adjustable damper.

[0049] Example 4

[0050] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that the damping cylinder 2 is provided with a fixed interface I 22, the top plate 3 is provided with a fixed interface II 32, and the sleeve 10' is fixed on the bottom plate 1. The damping adjustment structure includes a support cylinder 13', an adjusting screw 4, an adjusting rod 8', a clamp, and an adjusting hole 31 on the top plate 3 corresponding to the support cylinder 13'. The support cylinder 13' is fixed to the upper surface of the top plate 3 and has a through inner cavity. The top of the support cylinder 13' has a detachable... The end cap 14' has a partition 20 on the upper part of the inner cavity, which divides the inner cavity into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The partition 20 and the end cap 14' have through holes corresponding to the adjusting screw 4. The lower side wall of the support cylinder 13' has an opening, and clamping plates 15 are provided on both sides of the opening. The clamping clamp includes a pressure plate 18, an ear plate 16, and a connecting bolt 17. The pressure plate 18 corresponds to the opening on the side wall of the support cylinder 13', and the ear plate 16 is provided on both sides of the pressure plate 18. The ear plate 16 and the clamping plate The 15 has corresponding mounting holes, and the connecting bolts 17 are installed in the mounting holes. The outer diameter of the adjusting rod 8' is adapted to the inner diameter of the support cylinder 13'. A through hole is provided on the axis of the adjusting rod 8', and a connection interface 81 of the adjusting screw 4 is provided in the through hole. The lower end of the adjusting rod 8' is integrated with the damping rod and is installed in the adjusting hole 31 of the top plate and the support cylinder 13'. The top of the adjusting screw 4 has a wrench interface 41, and a stop block 45 is provided below the wrench interface 41. The adjusting screw 4 passes through the support cylinder 13' and is connected to the adjusting rod 8'. The stop block 45 is accommodated in the upper cavity of the support cylinder 13'. The adjusting screw 4 is rotatably connected to both the support cylinder 13' and the adjusting rod 8'. The support cylinder 13' accommodates the adjusting rod 8'. A vertical observation slot 33 is provided on the side wall of the support cylinder 13'. A scale II 34 is provided next to the observation slot 33. An indicator rod 19 is provided at the end of the adjusting rod 8', and the indicator rod 19 extends out from the observation slot 33.

[0051] During adjustment, loosening the connecting bolt 17 of the pressure plate 18 leaves the adjusting rod 8' unrestrained. Rotating the adjusting screw 4 allows the adjusting rod 8' to be pulled up or down, thus adjusting the depth of the damping rod's insertion into the damping fluid 21. After adjustment, tightening the connecting bolt 17 of the pressure plate 18 locks the adjusting rod 8' to the support cylinder 13' together via the clamping plate 15 and ear plate 16, allowing the controlled object to drive the damping rod to vibrate in the damping fluid through the fixed interface II 32 of the top plate 3. The position of the adjusting rod 8' can be clearly and accurately observed through the observation slot 33, scale II 34, and indicator rod 19, facilitating damper adjustment. The scale II 34 and indicator rod have various structural forms, which will not be described in detail here.

[0052] The purpose of fixing the sleeve on the base plate is to increase the area of ​​the damping rod shearing the damping fluid, thereby increasing the damping force and damping coefficient. In practical applications, the sleeve and damping rod can be set up in a nested multi-layer structure, which is more conducive to increasing the shear area within a limited space.

[0053] Based on the structural principle of this embodiment, the connection method between the support cylinder and the adjusting rod and adjusting screw can be changed. The top surface of the support cylinder can be set as a threaded hole that mates with the adjusting screw. Correspondingly, the bottom end of the adjusting screw and the top end of the adjusting rod are rotatably connected, still achieving the purpose of moving the adjusting rod and damping rod up and down by rotating the adjusting screw. These structural changes will not be described in detail here.

[0054] The adjustable damper in this embodiment uses a support cylinder, an adjusting screw, and an adjusting rod in its damping adjustment structure. The support cylinder houses the adjusting screw and the adjusting rod, providing protection for the damping adjustment structure, enhancing the reliability and service life of the adjustable damper product, and improving the overall uniformity of the adjustable damper's appearance.

Claims

1. An adjustable damper, comprising a base plate, a damping cylinder, a top plate, a damping rod, and a damping fluid, wherein the damping cylinder is fixed to the base plate, the damping cylinder contains the damping fluid, the damping rod is partially inserted into the damping fluid, the damping cylinder or the base plate is connected to a foundation structure, and the top plate is connected to the controlled object, characterized in that... It also includes a damping adjustment structure, which is installed on the top plate and is connected to the damping rod to adjust the depth to which the damping rod is inserted into the damping fluid.

2. The adjustable damper as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The damping adjustment structure includes an adjusting screw, a locking nut, and a threaded hole on the top plate that mates with the adjusting screw. The adjusting screw is installed in the threaded hole on the top plate, the locking nut is installed on the adjusting screw and abuts against the upper surface of the top plate, the top of the adjusting screw has a wrench interface, and the bottom of the adjusting screw is connected to the damping rod.

3. The adjustable damper as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The damping adjustment structure also includes an upper pull bolt and a lower press bolt. The adjusting screw has a through hole on its axis. The upper part of the through hole has an internal thread that mates with the lower press bolt. The lower part of the through hole is a tapered hole. The top of the damping rod has a tapered column that mates with the tapered hole. The axis of the tapered column has a threaded hole. When the damping rod is pulled up, the upper pull bolt can pass through the through hole of the adjusting screw, the bottom of which is screwed into the threaded hole of the tapered column, and the top of which abuts against the top surface of the adjusting screw, thus pulling the tapered column into the tapered hole of the adjusting screw. When the damping rod is pressed down, the lower press bolt is screwed in through the internal thread of the adjusting screw, and the bottom of which abuts against the top end face of the tapered column, thus pushing the tapered column away from the tapered hole.

4. The adjustable damper as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The adjusting screw is equipped with a scale.

5. The adjustable damper as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The damping adjustment structure includes a bracket, an adjusting screw, an adjusting rod, a clamp, and an adjusting hole on the top plate corresponding to the adjusting rod. The bracket is fixed to the upper surface of the top plate and erected above the adjusting hole. The top of the bracket has a horizontal plate with a connection interface for the adjusting screw. The clamp includes a fixed part, a movable part, and a connecting bolt. Both the fixed part and the movable part are composed of a clamping plate and an ear plate. The clamping plate matches the outer contour of the adjusting rod. The ear plate has a connecting hole and is fixed to both sides of the clamping plate. The ear plates of the fixed part and the movable part are connected together by the connecting bolt. The fixed part is fixedly connected to the top plate or the bracket. The adjusting rod has a through hole on its axis, a connection interface for the adjusting screw at its top, and a fixed connection at its bottom to the damping rod. It is installed in the adjusting hole and the clamp on the top plate. The top of the adjusting screw has a wrench interface, and a stop block is provided below the wrench interface. The adjusting screw, the horizontal plate of the bracket, and the adjusting rod are all rotatably connected.

6. The adjustable damper as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The damping adjustment structure includes a support cylinder, an adjusting screw, an adjusting rod, a clamp, and an adjusting hole on the top plate corresponding to the inner cavity of the support cylinder. The support cylinder is fixed to the upper surface of the top plate and has a through inner cavity. The top of the support cylinder has a detachable end cap. A partition is provided in the upper part of the inner cavity, dividing the inner cavity into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The partition and the cover plate have through holes corresponding to the adjusting screw. An opening is provided on the lower side wall of the support cylinder, and clamping plates are provided on both sides of the opening. The clamp includes a pressure plate, an ear plate, and a connecting bolt. The pressure plate corresponds to the opening on the side wall of the support cylinder, and the ear plate is set on the pressure plate. On both sides of the plate, the ear plate and the clamping plate are provided with corresponding mounting holes. The connecting bolts are located in the mounting holes. The outer diameter of the adjusting rod is adapted to the inner diameter of the support cylinder. A through hole is provided on the axis of the adjusting rod. The connecting interface of the adjusting screw is provided in the through hole. The lower end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the damping rod and installed in the adjusting hole of the top plate and the support cylinder. The top of the adjusting screw has a wrench interface. A stop block is provided below the wrench interface. The adjusting screw passes through the support cylinder and is connected to the adjusting rod. The stop block is accommodated in the upper cavity of the support cylinder. The adjusting screw, the support cylinder and the adjusting rod are all allowed to rotate.

7. The adjustable damper as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The support cylinder has a vertical observation slit on its side wall, a scale is provided next to the observation slit, and an indicator rod is provided at the end of the adjustment rod, which extends out from the observation slit.

8. The adjustable damper as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable damper also includes a support rod, which is disposed between the base plate and the top plate and is connected by bolts.

9. The adjustable damper as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A flexible protective sleeve is also provided between the top plate and the damping cylinder.

10. The adjustable damper as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, A mandrel or sleeve is fixedly installed on the base plate, and the mandrel or sleeve is inserted into the damping rod.

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