Voltage monitoring circuit of direct-current energy storage machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of direct-current energy storage machines, and discloses a voltage monitoring circuit of a direct-current energy storage machine, which can protect the whole voltage monitoring circuit from being damaged by abnormal input voltage, and when the input voltage exceeds a preset safety range, an input protection module can automatically cut off or limit the input of the voltage, so that the safety of the direct-current energy storage machine is ensured. Therefore, circuit elements are prevented from being damaged, and circuit faults and maintenance cost caused by abnormal voltage are reduced. The voltage value of the direct current storage energy storage machine can be monitored in real time, the voltage value of the direct current storage energy storage machine can be monitored in real time, the voltage change can be monitored in real time, the voltage value is ensured to be within a reasonable range, and the accuracy and response speed of voltage monitoring are improved; voltage data processed by the microcontroller and other related information are transmitted to a remote monitoring center or other related equipment, so that remote transmission and sharing of the data are realized, the real-time performance and accuracy of voltage monitoring are improved, and operation and maintenance personnel can conveniently know the voltage condition of the direct current storage energy storage machine at any time and carry out remote operation and maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of DC storage energy technology, specifically a voltage monitoring circuit for a DC storage energy machine. Background Technology

[0002] A DC energy storage device is a device that stores electrical energy and releases it when needed. It is typically combined with a DC power system to smooth power fluctuations, peak shaving and valley filling, and provide backup power. This type of device stores energy through a medium or equipment and releases it when needed, thereby achieving effective management and optimization of the power system.

[0003] A search revealed that patent application number CN202410160241.6 discloses a voltage monitoring circuit belonging to the field of power electronics technology. In this circuit, the positive input terminal of a comparator is connected to the second terminal of a first hysteresis module and the second terminal of a first switch, respectively. The first terminal of the first switch is connected to the first terminal of the first hysteresis module. The first terminal of the first hysteresis module is used to receive the target signal and is connected to the first terminal of a signal holding module. The second terminal of the signal holding module is connected to the first terminal of a second hysteresis module and the first terminal of a second switch, respectively. The second terminals of both the second hysteresis module and the second switch are connected to the negative input terminal of the comparator. The control terminals of both the first and second switches are used to receive the output signal of the comparator. This circuit can significantly reduce the structural and logical complexity when monitoring upward and downward changes in the target signal.

[0004] Current voltage monitoring circuits lack protection devices at the input end, and abnormal voltage can damage components in the circuit, increasing maintenance costs. They also cannot monitor and adjust the circuit voltage in real time, reducing the accuracy and response speed of voltage monitoring. Therefore, we need to propose a voltage monitoring circuit for DC storage generators. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a voltage monitoring circuit for a DC storage generator. Through the design of an input protection module, the entire voltage monitoring circuit is protected from damage by abnormal input voltage. When the input voltage exceeds a preset safety range, the input protection module automatically cuts off or limits the voltage input, thereby preventing damage to circuit components and reducing circuit failures and maintenance costs caused by abnormal voltage. Through the design of a voltage detection module, the voltage value of the DC storage generator can be monitored in real time, ensuring that the voltage value remains within a reasonable range, thus improving the accuracy and response speed of voltage monitoring. Through the design of an analog-to-digital conversion module, the conversion from analog to digital signals is realized, improving the accuracy and efficiency of signal processing and making the voltage monitoring circuit easier to integrate and communicate with digital systems. Through the design of a communication module, the voltage data processed by the microcontroller and other relevant information are transmitted to a remote monitoring center or other relevant equipment, realizing remote data transmission and sharing, improving the real-time performance and accuracy of voltage monitoring, and facilitating maintenance personnel to understand the voltage status of the DC storage generator at any time and perform remote operation and maintenance, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a voltage monitoring circuit for a DC storage power unit, comprising:

[0007] An input protection module responsible for receiving DC storage generator voltage signals and protecting the input voltage signals to prevent voltage abnormalities from damaging subsequent circuits;

[0008] A voltage detection module responsible for directly detecting the voltage of DC storage generators and amplifying, attenuating, or isolating the voltage signal;

[0009] An analog-to-digital converter module that converts the analog signal output by the voltage detection circuit into a digital signal;

[0010] A microcontroller that processes the digital voltage signal output from an analog-to-digital converter circuit;

[0011] A power supply module that provides a stable power supply for microcontrollers and analog-to-digital converters;

[0012] A communication module used to transmit voltage monitoring results to external devices;

[0013] The input protection module, voltage detection module, analog-to-digital converter module, microcontroller, and communication module are connected in sequence, and the power supply module is electrically connected to the microcontroller and the analog-to-digital converter module respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the input protection module includes a voltage regulator chip U1, a MOSFET Q1, and a transistor Q2. A resistor R1 and a capacitor C1 connected to 12V are connected between pins 1 and 2 of the voltage regulator chip U1. A capacitor C2 is connected to pin 3 of the chip U1. Pin 3 of the chip U1 outputs a 5V voltage.

[0015] Preferably, a resistor R2 is connected between the collector and emitter of the transistor Q2, a resistor R4 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2, a resistor R5 is connected between one end of the resistor R4 and the emitter of the transistor Q2, a resistor R3 and a diode D1 are connected between one end of the resistor R4 and the collector of the transistor Q2, the gate of the MOSFET Q1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2, and the resistor R2, the emitter of the transistor Q2, the resistor R5, and the drain of the MOSFET Q1 are all connected to pin 3 of the chip U1.

[0016] Preferably, the voltage detection circuit includes amplifier U10B, voltage transformer L3, and amplifier U10A. A resistor R107 and a resistor R108 connected in series are connected between pins 1 and 2 of amplifier U10A. A capacitor C102, a diode D25, and a diode D24 are connected in parallel between amplifier U10A and voltage transformer L3. A resistor R103 and a resistor R104 are connected in series on pin 1 of voltage transformer L3. A resistor R105 and a resistor R106 are connected in series on pin 2 of voltage transformer L3.

[0017] Preferably, a resistor R109 is connected to pin 1 of the amplifier U10A, and a diode D26 is connected to one end of the resistor R109. Pins 6 and 7 of the amplifier U10B are connected. A resistor R102 and a capacitor C100 are connected in parallel to pin 7 of the amplifier U10B. A resistor R100 and a resistor R101 are connected to pin 5 of the amplifier U10B. Resistors R101 and R102 are connected, and resistor R100 is connected to diode D26.

[0018] Preferably, the analog-to-digital conversion module includes a chip U8, a connector NTC1, a connector GR1, and a connector J33. The chip U8 is connected to the connector J33. An adjustable resistor AD1 is connected to pin 6 of the chip U8. A resistor R26 is connected to pin 2 of the connector NTC1. A resistor R27 is connected to pin 2 of the connector GR1. One end of the adjustable resistor AD1 is connected to pin 1 of the connector NTC1 and pin 1 of the connector GR1. The other end of the adjustable resistor AD1 is connected to resistors R26 and R27. Pin 2 of the connector NTC1 is connected to pin 7 of the chip U8. Pin 2 of the connector GR1 is connected to pin 11 of the chip U8.

[0019] Preferably, the communication module includes an adapter chip U2, a terminal block J1, and a transistor Q11. A capacitor C71 and a capacitor C14 are connected in parallel between pins 1 and 16 of the adapter chip U2. Pin 5 of the adapter chip U2 is connected to pin 3 of the terminal block J1. Pin 6 of the adapter chip U2 is connected to pin 2 of the terminal block J1. A crystal oscillator CY1 and a capacitor C16 and a capacitor C17 are connected in series between pins 7 and 8 of the adapter chip U2.

[0020] The emitter of transistor Q11 is connected to pin 16 of adapter chip U2. A switch RST is connected between the base and emitter of transistor Q11. Capacitors C41, C81, and C91 are connected in parallel to the collector of transistor Q11.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0022] 1. This utility model protects the entire voltage monitoring circuit from damage by designing an input protection module. When the input voltage exceeds the preset safety range, the input protection module will automatically cut off or limit the voltage input, thereby preventing damage to circuit components and reducing circuit failures and maintenance costs caused by abnormal voltage.

[0023] 2. This utility model, through the design of a voltage detection module, can monitor the voltage value of the DC storage generator in real time, monitor voltage changes in real time, ensure that the voltage value is within a reasonable range, and improve the accuracy and response speed of voltage monitoring.

[0024] 3. This utility model realizes the conversion of analog signals to digital signals through the design of an analog-to-digital conversion module, which improves the accuracy and efficiency of signal processing and makes the voltage monitoring circuit easier to integrate and communicate with digital systems;

[0025] 4. Through the design of the communication module, this utility model transmits the voltage data and other relevant information processed by the microcontroller to the remote monitoring center or other related equipment, realizing remote data transmission and sharing, improving the real-time performance and accuracy of voltage monitoring, and facilitating maintenance personnel to understand the voltage status of the DC storage generator at any time and perform remote operation and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the input protection module of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3This is a circuit diagram of the voltage detection module of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the analog-to-digital conversion module of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the communication module of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0032] Please see Figure 1-5 This utility model provides a technical solution: a voltage monitoring circuit for a DC storage power unit, comprising:

[0033] An input protection module responsible for receiving DC storage generator voltage signals and protecting the input voltage signals to prevent voltage abnormalities from damaging subsequent circuits;

[0034] The input protection module includes a voltage regulator chip U1, a MOSFET Q1, and a transistor Q2. A 12V resistor R1 and a capacitor C1 are connected between pins 1 and 2 of the voltage regulator chip U1. A capacitor C2 is connected to pin 3 of the chip U1. Pin 3 of the chip U1 outputs a 5V voltage.

[0035] A resistor R2 is connected between the collector and emitter of transistor Q2. A resistor R4 is connected to the base of transistor Q2. A resistor R5 is connected between one end of resistor R4 and the emitter of transistor Q2. A resistor R3 and a diode D1 are connected between one end of resistor R4 and the collector of transistor Q2. The gate of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the collector of transistor Q2. The resistor R2, the emitter of transistor Q2, the resistor R5, and the drain of MOSFET Q1 are all connected to pin 3 of chip U1.

[0036] One end of capacitor C2, resistor R3, and diode D1 are all connected to pin 1 of voltage regulator chip U1. Capacitor C3 is also connected to pin 1 of voltage regulator chip U1, and one end of capacitor C3 is connected to the source of MOSFET Q1.

[0037] The 12V power supply passes through a filter circuit consisting of resistor R1 and capacitor C1 and enters the voltage regulator chip U1. The voltage regulator chip U1 can provide a stable 5V output voltage, and capacitor C2 provides voltage filtering and decoupling at the output terminal.

[0038] Composed of resistors R2 and R3, transistor Q2, and diode D1, the output load circuit is used to drive the load device, while resistors R4 and R5 are the output voltage divider resistors.

[0039] A voltage detection module responsible for directly detecting the voltage of DC storage generators and amplifying, attenuating, or isolating the voltage signal;

[0040] The voltage detection circuit includes amplifier U10B, voltage transformer L3, and amplifier U10A. A resistor R107 and a resistor R108 connected in series are connected between pins 1 and 2 of amplifier U10A. A capacitor C102, a diode D25, and a diode D24 are connected in parallel between amplifier U10A and voltage transformer L3. A resistor R103 and a resistor R104 are connected in series on pin 1 of voltage transformer L3. A resistor R105 and a resistor R106 are connected in series on pin 2 of voltage transformer L3.

[0041] A resistor R109 is connected to pin 1 of amplifier U10A. One end of resistor R109 is connected to diode D26. Pins 6 and 7 of amplifier U10B are connected. Pin 7 of amplifier U10B is connected to resistor R102 and capacitor C100 in parallel. Resistors R100 and R101 are connected to pin 5 of amplifier U10B. Resistors R101 and R102 are connected. Resistor R100 is connected to diode D26.

[0042] Resistors R100 and R101 are input resistors, forming the input circuit. Amplifier U10B, together with other components, forms the signal processing circuit. Capacitor C100, resistor R102, and capacitor C101 form the power supply filtering and voltage regulation circuit, providing a stable positive power supply for the operational amplifier. Voltage transformer L3, diode D24, diode D25, capacitor C102, and other components form the waveform shaping circuit. Voltage transformer L3 is a temperature-compensated voltage reference source, providing a reference for the shaping circuit. Amplifier U10A and related components form the output drive circuit. Resistor R109 and diode D26 form the output protection circuit. Diode D2 is a thyristor used for AC power control.

[0043] An analog-to-digital converter module that converts the analog signal output by the voltage detection circuit into a digital signal;

[0044] The analog-to-digital conversion module includes a chip U8, a connector NTC1, a connector GR1, and a connector J33. The chip U8 is connected to the connector J33. An adjustable resistor AD1 is connected to pin 6 of the chip U8. A resistor R26 is connected to pin 2 of the connector NTC1. A resistor R27 is connected to pin 2 of the connector GR1. One end of the adjustable resistor AD1 is connected to pin 1 of the connector NTC1 and pin 1 of the connector GR1. The other end of the adjustable resistor AD1 is connected to resistors R26 and R27. Pin 2 of the connector NTC1 is connected to pin 7 of the chip U8. Pin 2 of the connector GR1 is connected to pin 11 of the chip U8.

[0045] Specifically, pin 1 of connector J33 is connected to pin 16 of chip U8, pin 2 of connector J33 is connected to pin 2 of chip U8, pin 3 of connector J33 is connected to pin 3 of chip U8, and pin 4 of connector J33 is connected to pin 4 of chip U8.

[0046] The U8 chip (microcontroller) is responsible for processing various input and output signals. The XPT_DI, XPT_CS, XPT_CLK, XPT_DO pins of the U8 chip are used to connect external input devices, such as touch screens. The analog input pins AIN0, AIN2, and AIN3 can be connected to analog sensor signals.

[0047] Resistors R26, R27, and adjustable resistor AD1 form the analog front-end circuit, used to adjust and process analog input signals. Capacitors C18 and C104 provide power filtering and decoupling. The BUSY, DOUT, PENIRQ, TOVDD, and VBAT pins of chip U8 are used to connect external devices such as touch screens and displays.

[0048] A microcontroller that processes the digital voltage signal output from an analog-to-digital converter circuit;

[0049] A power supply module that provides a stable power supply for microcontrollers and analog-to-digital converters;

[0050] A communication module used to transmit voltage monitoring results to external devices;

[0051] The communication module includes an adapter chip U2, a terminal block J1, and a transistor Q11. A capacitor C71 and a capacitor C14 are connected in parallel between pins 1 and 16 of the adapter chip U2. Pin 5 of the adapter chip U2 is connected to pin 3 of the terminal block J1. Pin 6 of the adapter chip U2 is connected to pin 2 of the terminal block J1. A crystal oscillator CY1 and a capacitor C16 and a capacitor C17 are connected in series between pins 7 and 8 of the adapter chip U2.

[0052] The emitter of transistor Q11 is connected to pin 16 of adapter chip U2. A switch RST is connected between the base and emitter of transistor Q11. Capacitors C41, C81, and C91 are connected in parallel to the collector of transistor Q11.

[0053] Terminal J1 is a Mini-USB connector that connects to the USB bus, providing power (VBUS) and data lines (D+, D-). Adapter chip U2 is a CH340G microcontroller chip responsible for handling USB communication and control functions. The circuit includes two LED indicators (TX LED and RX LED) to indicate data transmission and reception status. Capacitors (C7, C14, C15, C16, C17) and resistors (R1, R2, R3, R4) are used for power filtering, biasing, and signal conditioning. Crystal oscillator CY1 provides a 12MHz clock signal to adapter chip U2 for timing and synchronization.

[0054] Diode D1, LED RX, and resistor R21 are connected to pin 2 of adapter chip U2. LED TX and resistor R11 are connected to pin 3 of adapter chip U2. Resistor R41 and LED VCC are connected to the terminals of resistor R11 and resistor R21 in sequence. The terminals of resistor R11 and resistor R21 are connected to pin 16 of adapter chip U2.

[0055] The input protection module, voltage detection module, analog-to-digital converter module, microcontroller, and communication module are connected in sequence, and the power supply module is electrically connected to the microcontroller and the analog-to-digital converter module respectively.

[0056] When an external input signal enters the device, the input protection module first performs a protection judgment to ensure that the signal is within a safe range. Simultaneously, the voltage detection module monitors the voltage level in the circuit in real time, and immediately alarms or triggers the protection circuit if an abnormality is detected.

[0057] The protected input signal is sent to the ADC module for analog-to-digital conversion, and after being converted into a digital signal, it is transmitted to the microcontroller for processing. The microcontroller outputs corresponding control signals based on the preset control algorithm and logical judgment.

[0058] Throughout the process, the power module provides a stable power supply to each module, ensuring that they can function properly;

[0059] Microcontrollers exchange and communicate with other devices or systems through communication modules to achieve information sharing and transmission of control commands.

[0060] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A voltage monitoring circuit for a DC storage generator, characterized in that, include: An input protection module responsible for receiving DC storage generator voltage signals and protecting the input voltage signals to prevent voltage abnormalities from damaging subsequent circuits; A voltage detection module responsible for directly detecting the voltage of DC storage generators and amplifying, attenuating, or isolating the voltage signal; An analog-to-digital converter module that converts the analog signal output by the voltage detection circuit into a digital signal; A microcontroller that processes the digital voltage signal output from an analog-to-digital converter circuit; A power supply module that provides a stable power supply for microcontrollers and analog-to-digital converters; A communication module used to transmit voltage monitoring results to external devices; The input protection module, voltage detection module, analog-to-digital converter module, microcontroller, and communication module are connected in sequence, and the power supply module is electrically connected to the microcontroller and the analog-to-digital converter module respectively.

2. The voltage monitoring circuit for a DC storage power unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input protection module includes a voltage regulator chip U1, a MOSFET Q1, and a transistor Q2. A 12V resistor R1 and a capacitor C1 are connected between pins 1 and 2 of the voltage regulator chip U1. A capacitor C2 is connected to pin 3 of the chip U1. Pin 3 of the chip U1 outputs a 5V voltage.

3. The voltage monitoring circuit for a DC storage generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: A resistor R2 is connected between the collector and emitter of transistor Q2. A resistor R4 is connected to the base of transistor Q2. A resistor R5 is connected between one end of resistor R4 and the emitter of transistor Q2. A resistor R3 and a diode D1 are connected between one end of resistor R4 and the collector of transistor Q2. The gate of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the collector of transistor Q2. The resistor R2, the emitter of transistor Q2, the resistor R5, and the drain of MOSFET Q1 are all connected to pin 3 of chip U1.

4. The voltage monitoring circuit for a DC storage generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage detection circuit includes amplifier U10B, voltage transformer L3, and amplifier U10A. A resistor R107 and a resistor R108 connected in series are connected between pins 1 and 2 of amplifier U10A. A capacitor C102, a diode D25, and a diode D24 are connected in parallel between amplifier U10A and voltage transformer L3. A resistor R103 and a resistor R104 are connected in series on pin 1 of voltage transformer L3. A resistor R105 and a resistor R106 are connected in series on pin 2 of voltage transformer L3.

5. The voltage monitoring circuit for a DC storage generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: A resistor R109 is connected to pin 1 of amplifier U10A. One end of resistor R109 is connected to diode D26. Pins 6 and 7 of amplifier U10B are connected. Pin 7 of amplifier U10B is connected to resistor R102 and capacitor C100 in parallel. Resistors R100 and R101 are connected to pin 5 of amplifier U10B. Resistors R101 and R102 are connected. Resistor R100 is connected to diode D26.

6. The voltage monitoring circuit for a DC storage generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analog-to-digital conversion module includes a chip U8, a connector NTC1, a connector GR1, and a connector J33. The chip U8 is connected to the connector J33. An adjustable resistor AD1 is connected to pin 6 of the chip U8. A resistor R26 is connected to pin 2 of the connector NTC1. A resistor R27 is connected to pin 2 of the connector GR1. One end of the adjustable resistor AD1 is connected to pin 1 of the connector NTC1 and pin 1 of the connector GR1. The other end of the adjustable resistor AD1 is connected to resistors R26 and R27. Pin 2 of the connector NTC1 is connected to pin 7 of the chip U8. Pin 2 of the connector GR1 is connected to pin 11 of the chip U8.

7. The voltage monitoring circuit for a DC storage generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication module includes an adapter chip U2, a terminal block J1, and a transistor Q11. A capacitor C71 and a capacitor C14 are connected in parallel between pins 1 and 16 of the adapter chip U2. Pin 5 of the adapter chip U2 is connected to pin 3 of the terminal block J1. Pin 6 of the adapter chip U2 is connected to pin 2 of the terminal block J1. A crystal oscillator CY1 and a capacitor C16 and a capacitor C17 are connected in series between pins 7 and 8 of the adapter chip U2. The emitter of transistor Q11 is connected to pin 16 of adapter chip U2. A switch RST is connected between the base and emitter of transistor Q11. Capacitors C41, C81, and C91 are connected in parallel to the collector of transistor Q11.

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