Workpiece clamping device for grinding and polishing equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a workpiece clamping device for grinding and polishing equipment. The workpiece clamping device comprises a base, an X-direction moving assembly connected to the base, a Y-direction moving assembly connected to the X-direction moving assembly and a clamping assembly connected to the Y-direction moving assembly. Wherein the X-direction moving assembly and the Y-direction moving assembly move in a reciprocating mode in the two directions perpendicular to each other, and the clamping assembly is used for loading a workpiece and can achieve autorotation and drive the workpiece to rotate. According to the workpiece clamping device for the grinding and polishing equipment, the chuck assembly is controlled by the deflection base assembly to deflect on the vertical face to adjust the angle of a workpiece, the chuck assembly is further driven by the rotation driving module to rotate to drive the workpiece to rotate, and the driving piece is further adopted to drive the expansion chuck to achieve rapid feeding and discharging of the workpiece.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to automatic polishing equipment technical field especially relates to a workpiece clamping device for polishing equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the existing automatic polishing equipment, the angle and distance between the polishing tool and the workpiece need to be precisely controlled to realize high-quality surface polishing process. Among them, the existing polishing equipment generally realizes different surface grinding or polishing of the workpiece by controlling the multidirectional angle adjustment of the grinding disc tool, but for workpieces with special-shaped structure, only relying on the angle adjustment of the polishing tool cannot achieve the required polishing effect. Therefore, a clamping device capable of adjusting the workpiece itself at multiple angles relative to the polishing tool needs to be designed. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model discloses a workpiece clamping device for polishing equipment to solve the technical problem that the existing polishing equipment workpiece clamping cannot be adjusted at multiple angles.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] The embodiment of the utility model provides a workpiece clamping device for polishing equipment, which comprises a base, an X-direction moving assembly connected to the base, a Y-direction moving assembly connected to the X-direction moving assembly, and a clamping assembly connected to the Y-direction moving assembly; wherein the X-direction moving assembly and the Y-direction moving assembly reciprocate in two mutually perpendicular directions, the clamping assembly is used for loading workpieces and can realize self-rotation and drive the workpieces to rotate.

[0006] The clamping assembly comprises a deflection base unit, a loading base unit driven by the deflection base unit, and at least one set of chuck unit connected to the loading base unit, the chuck unit comprises a self-rotation drive module for driving the chuck unit to rotate synchronously and drive the workpieces to rotate.

[0007] The chuck unit comprises an expansion chuck mechanism and the self-rotation drive module driving the expansion chuck mechanism, and the self-rotation drive module is connected to the loading base unit.

[0008] The expansion chuck mechanism comprises a chuck, a connecting rod inserted into the chuck, an elastic member sleeved on the connecting rod, and a push rod connected to the lower end of the connecting rod; the top end of the chuck is a plurality of clamping blocks that can be expanded outward, the top end of the connecting rod is a reverse conical head, the top end of the elastic member abuts against the reverse conical head, and the bottom end abuts against the push rod; when the connecting rod moves towards the top end of the chuck under force, the reverse conical head is separated from the clamping blocks, and the elastic member is compressed under force, so that the plurality of clamping blocks are retracted; conversely, when the external force is released, the elastic member pushes the connecting rod to reset, so that the reverse conical head expands the clamping blocks.

[0009] The chuck unit further comprises a driving member and a push plate connected to the moving end of the driving member, and the push plate abuts against the push rod.

[0010] The deflection base unit comprises a left shaft connecting module, a right shaft connecting module arranged opposite to the left shaft connecting module, and a deflection driving member connected to the left shaft connecting module or the right shaft connecting module, and the left shaft connecting module and the right shaft connecting module are respectively rotationally connected to the loading base unit.

[0011] The X-direction moving assembly comprises a first linear driving unit, a first guide unit arranged parallel to the first linear driving unit, and a telescopic protective cover covering the outside of the first linear driving unit and the first guide unit.

[0012] The telescopic protective cover is an armor type protective cover, the armor type protective cover comprises a first armor protective cover and a second armor protective cover, the proximal ends of the first armor protective cover and the second armor protective cover are connected to the Y-direction moving assembly, and the distal ends of the first armor protective cover and the second armor protective cover are connected to the base.

[0013] The Y-direction moving assembly comprises a connecting seat, a second linear driving unit and a second guide unit connected to the connecting seat, a mounting seat linearly reciprocatingly moved under the control of the second linear driving assembly, and a protective cover covering the outside of the second linear driving unit and the second guide unit.

[0014] The protective cover comprises a protective cover plate and a telescopic protective cover located below the protective cover plate, the telescopic protective cover comprises a first accordion type protective cover and a second accordion type protective cover, the proximal ends of the first accordion type protective cover and the second accordion type protective cover are connected to the mounting seat, and the distal ends of the first accordion type protective cover and the second accordion type protective cover are connected to the connecting seat.

[0015] The workpiece clamping device for the grinding and polishing equipment has the advantages that the workpiece angle is adjusted by the deflection base assembly controlling the chuck assembly to deflect in the vertical plane, the workpiece is rotated by the rotating drive module driving the chuck assembly to rotate, and the workpiece is quickly fed and discharged by the driving member driving the expansion chuck.

[0016] The above description is only a summary of the technical scheme of the utility model, in order to more clearly understand the technical means of the utility model, can be implemented according to the content of the specification, and in order to let the above and other purposes, characteristics and advantages of the utility model can be more obvious and easy to understand, the following preferred embodiments are described in detail as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 And Figure 2 The overall different visual angle structure schematic diagram of the workpiece clamping assembly is arranged on the workpiece clamping device for the grinding and polishing equipment.

[0018] Figure 3 The overall structure schematic diagram of the workpiece clamping device for the grinding and polishing equipment.

[0019] Figure 4 The X-direction moving assembly partial structure schematic diagram of the workpiece clamping device for the grinding and polishing equipment.

[0020] Figure 5 The X-direction moving assembly partial exploded structure schematic diagram of the workpiece clamping device for the grinding and polishing equipment.

[0021] Figure 6 The Y-direction moving assembly partial overall schematic diagram of the workpiece clamping device for the grinding and polishing equipment.

[0022] Figure 7 The Y-direction moving assembly partial exploded schematic diagram of the workpiece clamping device for the grinding and polishing equipment.

[0023] Figure 8 The Y-direction moving assembly partial overall schematic diagram of the workpiece clamping device for the grinding and polishing equipment. Figure 6 The local part A enlarged structure schematic diagram.

[0024] Figure 9 The clamping assembly partial structure schematic diagram of the workpiece clamping device for the grinding and polishing equipment.

[0025] Figure 10 The clamping assembly partial exploded view of the workpiece clamping device for the grinding and polishing equipment.

[0026] Figure 11The utility model discloses a part of the expansion chuck mechanism of the workpiece clamping device for grinding and polishing equipment is partially exploded structure schematic view.

[0027] Mark explanation:

[0028] X Y axis big stroke moving device 200, base 21, X direction moving assembly 22, Y direction moving assembly 23, first linear drive unit 221, first power piece 2211, screw rod 2212, shaft coupling 2213, screw seat 2214, first guide unit 222, guide rail 2221, slider 2222, first armor shield 223, second armor shield 224, connecting seat 231, mounting seat 232, protective cover plate 233, first organ type shield 234, second organ type shield 235, second guide unit 236, second linear drive unit 237, gap 230, clamping assembly 300, workpiece 001, right side shaft joint module 32, shaft joint seat 321, shaft joint flange 322, deflection drive piece 323, cover 324, left side shaft joint module 33, shaft joint seat 331, drive piece 332, shell 333, flange plate 334, loading base unit 34, box body piece 341, top cover 342, chuck unit 35 / 36, rotation drive module 351, chuck 352, through-hole 3520, clamping block 3521, connecting rod 353, inverted conical head 3531, elastic piece 354, push rod 355, shaft seat 356, push plate 37. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model more clearly and clearly, the following will combine the drawings and specific implementation to make further detailed description to the utility model.

[0030] The technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be described clearly and completely in the following combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by the skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of the utility model protection.

[0031] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" is the orientation or position relationship described based on the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and is not indicated or implied that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, a particular orientation and operation, so it can not be understood as the limitation of the utility model.

[0032] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or an indicated number of the technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more than two, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0033] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be connected, or it can be detachable, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the "first" feature is "on" or "under" the "second" feature, which can include direct contact between the first and second features, or indirect contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Moreover, the "first" feature "on", "above" and "above" the "second" feature includes the first feature above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is higher than the second feature in horizontal height. The "first" feature "under", "below" and "below" the "second" feature includes the first feature below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is lower than the second feature in horizontal height.

[0035] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present application, the illustrative description of the above terms should not be understood as necessarily referring to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0036] In the existing automatic grinding and polishing equipment, the angle and distance between the grinding and polishing tool and the workpiece need to be precisely controlled to realize high-quality surface grinding and polishing process. Among them, the existing grinding and polishing equipment generally realizes the grinding or polishing of different surfaces of the workpiece by controlling the multi-directional angle adjustment of the grinding disc tool, but for workpieces with special-shaped structures, only relying on the angle adjustment of the grinding and polishing tool cannot achieve the required grinding and polishing effect. Therefore, a clamping device that can adjust the workpiece itself at multiple angles relative to the grinding and polishing tool needs to be designed. Based on the above needs, the embodiment provides a workpiece clamping device for a grinding and polishing equipment.

[0037] Please refer to Figures 1 to 11 The embodiment discloses a workpiece clamping device for a grinding and polishing equipment, which comprises an X-Y axis large-stroke moving device 200 and a clamping assembly 300 controlled by the X-Y axis large-stroke moving device 200. The X-Y axis large-stroke moving device 200 is used to realize linear movement in the X-axis and Y-axis directions to accurately match the movable grinding and polishing tool (including coarse grinding tool, fine grinding tool, etc.) to grind and polish the surface of the workpiece. The clamping assembly 300 is used to cooperate with the X-Y axis large-stroke moving device 200 to adjust the multi-directional angle of the workpiece, so as to realize better grinding and polishing quality.

[0038] The X-Y axis large-stroke moving device 200 comprises a base 21, an X-direction moving assembly 22 connected to the base 21, and a Y-direction moving assembly 23 connected to the X-direction moving assembly 22; wherein the X-direction moving assembly 22 and the Y-direction moving assembly 23 move reciprocally in two mutually perpendicular directions, and the X-direction moving assembly 22 and the Y-direction moving assembly 23 are both driven by double-track driving units. In the embodiment, the X-direction and the Y-direction can be understood as the X-axis and the Y-axis in the Cartesian coordinate system, and the two are perpendicular to each other. Among them, the X-direction moving assembly 22 and the Y-direction moving assembly 23 are both driven by double-track driving units, which have better stability and smoother movement, so that the angle and distance control between them and the grinding and polishing tool can be precisely controlled, and the grinding and polishing quality is improved.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The X-direction moving assembly 222 comprises a first linear driving unit 221, a first guide unit 222 arranged in parallel with the first linear driving unit 221, and a telescopic protective cover covering the outside of the first linear driving unit 221 and the first guide unit 222.

[0040] The first linear driving unit 221 comprises a first power element 2211, a lead screw 2212 connected to the output end of the first power element 2211, a shaft sleeve sleeved on both ends of the lead screw 2212, and a threaded seat 2214 threaded on the lead screw 2212, wherein the threaded seat 2214 is further connected to the Y-direction moving assembly 23. The output end of the first power element 2211 and the lead screw 2212 are connected by a shaft coupling 2213. The first power element 2211, the lead screw 2212, the threaded seat 2214, and the shaft sleeve form a lead screw driving module.

[0041] In the embodiment, the first power element 2211 is a driving motor.

[0042] The first guiding unit 222 comprises two guide rails 2221 arranged in parallel with the lead screw 2212 and at least two sliding blocks 2222 respectively slidingly connected to the guide rails 2221. The two guide rails 2221 are distributed on both sides of the lead screw 2212, and the sliding blocks 2222 are further connected to the Y-direction moving assembly 23. The two guide rails 2221 are parallel to and equally spaced from the lead screw 2212 on both sides of the lead screw 2212. At least two sliding blocks 2222 are arranged on each guide rail 2221, and the sliding blocks 2222 are connected to the Y-direction moving assembly 23. Arranging at least two sliding blocks 2222 on each guide rail 2221 can improve the reliability and stability of the sliding blocks 2222 and the Y-direction moving assembly 23 connected to the sliding blocks 2222. Meanwhile, the design of the double guide rails 2221 distributed on the outer side of the lead screw 2212 further improves the reliability and smoothness of the linear reciprocating movement of the X-direction moving assembly 22. A driving motor such as a servo motor can accurately control the movement stroke, thereby improving the polishing process quality.

[0043] In the embodiment, the telescopic protective cover is a suit-type protective cover.

[0044] Specifically, the suit-type protective cover comprises a first suit-type protective cover 223 and a second suit-type protective cover 224, wherein the proximal ends of the first suit-type protective cover 223 and the second suit-type protective cover 224 are connected to the Y-direction moving assembly 23, and the distal ends of the first suit-type protective cover 223 and the second suit-type protective cover 224 are connected to the base 21. That is, the first suit-type protective cover 223 and the second suit-type protective cover 224 are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the Y-direction moving assembly 23 in the moving direction. When the Y-direction moving assembly 23 is controlled to reciprocate by the X-direction moving assembly 22, the first suit-type protective cover 223 and the second suit-type protective cover 224 synchronously stretch and retract, thereby covering the first linear driving unit 221 and the first guiding unit 222 inside the protective cover, so as to prevent external debris from entering and protect the internal components from being damaged due to the accumulation of debris.

[0045] Please refer again to Figures 6 to 8 , the Y direction moving assembly 23 comprises a connecting seat 231, a second linear drive unit 237 and a second guide unit 236 connected to the connecting seat 231, a mounting seat 232 linearly reciprocatingly moved under the control of the second linear drive unit 237, and a protective cover covering the outside of the second linear drive unit 237 and the second guide unit 236.

[0046] The second linear drive unit 237 adopts the same screw drive structure as the first linear drive unit 221, and the second guide unit 236 also adopts the same double guide rail structure as the first guide unit 222.

[0047] The protective cover comprises a protective cover plate 233 and a telescopic protective cover below the protective cover plate 233.

[0048] Specifically, the telescopic protective cover is an organ type protective cover.

[0049] The telescopic protective cover comprises a first organ type protective cover 234 and a second organ type protective cover 235, the proximal ends of the first organ type protective cover 234 and the second organ type protective cover 235 are connected to the mounting seat 232, and the distal ends of the first organ type protective cover 234 and the second organ type protective cover 235 are connected to the connecting seat 231.

[0050] The clamping assembly 300 is connected to the mounting seat 232, and the bottom of the connecting seat 231 is provided with a connecting portion 2311 connected to the screw connecting seat 2214 of the X direction moving assembly 22.

[0051] Please refer again to Figure 8 From the partial enlarged view, it can be seen that a gap 230 is reserved between the long outer side edge of the protective cover plate 233 and the connecting seat 231 below, the mounting seat 232 is located below the protective cover plate 233, and the side edge extends from the gap 230, the proximal edges of the first organ type protective cover 234 and the second organ type protective cover 235 are respectively connected to the mounting seat 232, when the mounting seat 232 is reciprocatingly moved along the second guide unit 236 under the control of the second linear drive unit 237, the first organ type protective cover 234 and the second organ type protective cover 235 are synchronously driven to extend and retract, so that the internal components of the Y direction moving assembly 23 are always kept in a closed state, preventing the polishing process waste from entering and damaging the internal components. The protective cover plate 233 is additionally provided at the top of the first organ type protective cover 234 and the second organ type protective cover 235, which further improves the protective function of the protective cover, and the polishing waste accumulated on the protective cover plate 233 is also convenient to clean.

[0052] Please refer again to Figures 9 to 11 , the clamping assembly 300 includes: a deflection base unit, a loading base unit 34 driven by the deflection base unit, and at least one set of chuck units 35 connected to the loading base unit 34, the chuck unit 35 includes a self-rotation driving module 351 for driving the chuck unit 35 to rotate synchronously with the workpiece 001. In this embodiment, the chuck unit 35 is provided with two sets, and the other set is a chuck unit 36. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the number of chuck units 35(36) can be increased or decreased according to actual needs, and one workpiece 001 is fixed on each chuck unit 35(36).

[0053] Taking the chuck unit 35 as an example, the chuck unit 35 includes an expansion chuck mechanism and the self-rotation driving module 351 for driving the expansion chuck mechanism, and the self-rotation driving module 351 is connected to the loading base unit 34. The expansion chuck mechanism refers to the expansion of the workpiece 001 through the expansion and contraction of the structural member, so as to facilitate the feeding and taking of the workpiece 001 from the expansion chuck mechanism. Generally, the clamping assembly 300 of this embodiment is used for surface grinding and polishing of the workpiece 001, therefore, the expansion chuck mechanism generally adopts an expansion mode of expanding outward or shrinking inward from the inside of the workpiece 001 to fix the workpiece.

[0054] Among them, the expansion chuck mechanism includes: a chuck 352, a connecting rod 353 inserted into the chuck 352, an elastic member 354 sleeved on the connecting rod 353, and a push rod 355 connected to the lower end of the connecting rod 353; wherein the top end of the chuck 352 is a surrounding structure of a plurality of clamping blocks 3521 that can expand outward, the top end of the connecting rod 353 is a reverse tapered head 3531, the top end of the elastic member 354 abuts against the reverse tapered head 3531, and the bottom end abuts against the push rod 355; when the connecting rod 353 is forced to move towards the top end of the chuck 352, the reverse tapered head 3531 is separated from the clamping block 3521, and the elastic member 354 is compressed under force, so that the plurality of clamping blocks 3521 shrink inward; on the contrary, when the external force is released, the elastic member 354 pushes the connecting rod 353 to reset, so that the reverse tapered head 3531 expands the clamping block 3521. The length direction of the chuck 352 is internally provided with a through hole 3520, and the connecting rod 353 is arranged in the through hole 3520.

[0055] As Figure 10 , the workpiece 001 is a pipe, and the pipe cavity of the workpiece 001 is inserted downward from the top of the chuck 352. After the connecting rod 353 is released, the clamping block 3521 is expanded outward by the reverse tapered head 3531, so as to clamp and fix the workpiece 001 from the inside of the pipe cavity.

[0056] The chuck unit 35 further comprises a driving member 332 and a push plate 37 connected to the moving end of the driving member 332, and the push plate 37 abuts against the push rod 355. The push rod 355 can be automatically pushed up and down by the driving member 332, thereby synchronously driving the connecting rod 353 to move up and down, so as to realize the inward retraction or outward expansion of the clamping block 3531, thereby facilitating the taking and placing of the workpiece 001.

[0057] The loading base unit 34 comprises a box body member 341, wherein the box body member 341 is provided with a mounting cavity, and the mounting cavity is provided with the self-rotation driving module 351. The top of the box body member 341 is provided with a top cover 342, and the top cover 342 is used for supporting the chuck unit 35.

[0058] As shown in Figure 10 The push plate 37 is located above the top cover 342, the driving member 332 is connected to the bottom of the top cover 342, the moving end penetrates through the top cover 342 and is connected to the push plate 37, and the push plate 37 can synchronously drive one or more chuck units to perform the workpiece taking and placing action.

[0059] The push rod 355 is further provided with a shaft seat 356, and the driving end of the self-rotation driving module 351 penetrates through the shaft seat 356 and is connected to the chuck unit 35. The shaft seat 356 is provided with a space for the push rod 355 to perform the lifting action.

[0060] In the embodiment, the self-rotation driving module 351 is a driving motor, and the driving member 332 is a pneumatic cylinder.

[0061] The deflection base unit comprises a left shaft connecting module 33, a right shaft connecting module 32 arranged opposite to the left shaft connecting module 33, and a deflection driving member 323 connected to the left shaft connecting module 33 or the right shaft connecting module 32. The left shaft connecting module 33 and the right shaft connecting module 32 are respectively rotationally connected to the box body member 341 of the loading base unit 34.

[0062] Specifically, the left shaft connecting module 33 comprises a shaft connecting seat 331, a flange plate 334 connected to the shaft connecting seat 331, and an outer shell 333 externally covering the shaft connecting seat 331. The flange plate 334 is rotationally connected to the shaft connecting seat 331 and is fixedly connected to the box body member 341.

[0063] The right shaft connecting module 32 comprises a shaft connecting seat 321, a shaft connecting flange 322 arranged on the shaft connecting seat 321, and a cover shell 324 externally covering the shaft connecting seat 321. In the embodiment, the deflection driving member 323 is arranged in the right shaft connecting module 32, and specifically, the deflection driving member 323 is a servo motor, and the shell thereof is fixedly connected to the shaft connecting seat 321.

[0064] The box body piece 341 is a transversely arranged cuboid member, the left shaft connecting module 33 and the right shaft connecting module 32 are respectively connected to the two longitudinal ends of the cuboid member, and are used for driving the box body piece 341 to deflect forward and backward. The chuck unit 35 (36) is arranged on one side arm of the box body piece 341, and under the driving of the self-rotation driving module 351, the chuck unit 35 can rotate as a whole relative to the box body piece 341. Therefore, the clamping assembly 300 of the embodiment can realize the angle adjustment of the workpiece 001 in two directions.

[0065] The workpiece clamping device for the grinding and polishing equipment of the embodiment controls the chuck assembly to deflect in the vertical plane through the deflection base assembly, adjusts the workpiece angle, further drives the chuck assembly to rotate through the rotation driving module, drives the workpiece to rotate, and further drives the expansion chuck through the driving member to realize the rapid feeding and discharging of the workpiece.

[0066] The above is only used for further describing the technical content of the utility model through the embodiments, so that the reader can more easily understand, but does not represent that the embodiments of the utility model are limited to this, and any technical extension or re-creation made according to the utility model is protected by the utility model. The protection scope of the utility model is subject to the claims.

Claims

1. A workpiece clamping device for a grinding and polishing apparatus, characterized by, The device comprises a base, an X-direction moving assembly connected to the base, a Y-direction moving assembly connected to the X-direction moving assembly, and a clamping assembly connected to the Y-direction moving assembly; wherein the X-direction moving assembly and the Y-direction moving assembly move reciprocally in two perpendicular directions, the clamping assembly is used for loading workpieces and can drive the workpieces to rotate. The clamping assembly comprises a deflection base unit, a loading base unit driven by the deflection base unit, and at least one set of chuck units connected to the loading base unit; the chuck unit comprises a rotation driving module for driving the chuck unit to rotate synchronously to drive the workpiece to rotate.

2. The workpiece holding device for a polishing and grinding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The chuck unit comprises an expansion chuck mechanism and the rotation driving module for driving the expansion chuck mechanism; the rotation driving module is connected to the loading base unit.

3. The workpiece holding device for a polishing and grinding apparatus according to claim 2, wherein The expansion chuck mechanism comprises a chuck, a connecting rod inserted into the chuck, an elastic member sleeved on the connecting rod, and a push rod connected to the lower end of the connecting rod; wherein the top end of the chuck is a plurality of clamping blocks surrounding structure which can expand outward, the top end of the connecting rod is a reverse taper head, the top end of the elastic member abuts against the reverse taper head, and the bottom end abuts against the push rod; when the connecting rod moves to the top end of the chuck under force, the reverse taper head is separated from the clamping blocks, and the elastic member is compressed under force so that the plurality of clamping blocks are retracted; conversely, when the external force is released, the elastic member pushes the connecting rod to reset so that the reverse taper head expands the clamping blocks.

4. The workpiece holding device for a polishing and grinding apparatus according to claim 3, wherein The chuck unit further comprises a driving member and a push plate connected to the moving end of the driving member; the push plate abuts against the push rod.

5. The workpiece holding device for a polishing and grinding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein The deflection base unit comprises a left shaft connecting module, a right shaft connecting module arranged in position with the left shaft connecting module, and a deflection driving member connected to the left shaft connecting module or the right shaft connecting module; the left shaft connecting module and the right shaft connecting module are respectively rotationally connected to the loading base unit.

6. The workpiece holding device for a polishing and grinding apparatus according to claim 2, wherein The X-direction moving assembly comprises a first linear driving unit, a first guide unit arranged in parallel with the first linear driving unit, and a telescopic protective cover covering the outside of the first linear driving unit and the first guide unit.

7. The workpiece holding device for a polishing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The telescopic protective cover is an armor type protective cover; the armor type protective cover comprises a first armor protective cover and a second armor protective cover; the proximal ends of the first armor protective cover and the second armor protective cover are connected to the Y-direction moving assembly; and the distal ends of the first armor protective cover and the second armor protective cover are connected to the base.

8. The workpiece holding device for a polishing and grinding apparatus according to claim 7, wherein The Y-direction moving assembly comprises a connecting seat, a second linear driving unit and a second guide unit connected to the connecting seat, a mounting seat linearly reciprocally moved under the control of the second linear driving assembly, and a protective cover covering the outside of the second linear driving unit and the second guide unit.

9. The workpiece holding device for a polishing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein ​ 10. The workpiece holding device for a polishing and grinding apparatus according to claim 9, wherein The protective cover comprises a protective cover plate and a telescopic protective cover under the protective cover plate, the telescopic protective cover comprises a first concertina protective cover and a second concertina protective cover, proximal ends of the first concertina protective cover and the second concertina protective cover are connected to the mounting seat, and distal ends of the first concertina protective cover and the second concertina protective cover are connected to the connecting seat.

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