Highly superimposed building block ultra-low energy consumption building

Abstract

The ultra-low energy consumption building comprises an outer wall and a roof, the outer wall is mainly composed of the high-overlapping building blocks, ventilation holes of the high-overlapping building blocks are communicated up and down to form an outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel, and filling holes of the high-overlapping building blocks are filled with heat preservation materials. The roof comprises a top plate, a heat preservation layer and a waterproof layer from inside to outside, ventilation and heat insulation blocks are laid on the roof, and a roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer is formed between panels of the ventilation and heat insulation blocks and the roof. The outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer communicate with each other to form a first ventilation and heat dissipation system from bottom to top. Accordingly, the inventor establishes a corresponding construction method. According to the building, eight heat levels are formed, heat entering the building from the outside is greatly reduced, the ultra-low-energy-consumption building can be achieved with extremely low cost, large-area popularization and implementation of the ultra-low-energy-consumption building are facilitated, and the building has important significance on building energy conservation and national energy strategy safety in China.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to energy -conserving building technical field, especially relates to a high superposition building block super -low energy consumption building. BACKGROUND

[0002] Building energy saving is related to national energy strategy and national economy.China has carried out building energy saving for nearly twenty years, except one, two cities, other areas, nothing to write home about.Super -low energy consumption building is a leap -forward development of energy -conserving building, and it is of great significance, but the cost is too high, it is difficult to implement in one, two cities, and it is more difficult to land in other areas, only the development of a kind of super -low energy consumption building with low cost to and conventional energy -conserving building even lower, and can be used locally, convenient construction, healthy and comfortable, durable, it is possible to implement super -low energy consumption building in a large area in the country.

[0003] The applicant's prior patents "high superposition building block" (utility model patent number 202220378798.3 announcement day 20220826) and "high superposition building block design method" (invention patent number 202210171187.6 disclosure day 20220429) disclose a kind of high superposition building block and its design method, the method selects geometric figure single body, expands into quasi-mother body by "three turn method", and then evolves into it again. Among them, the high superposition building block does not have a straight-through horizontal rib, and the end part is provided with a reinforcing structure; in the building block: the second part and the third part are symmetrical on both sides of the center line; the first symmetry and the second symmetry are symmetrical on both sides of the left superposition line; the third symmetry and the fourth symmetry are symmetrical on both sides of the right superposition line; the first symmetry and the fourth symmetry are symmetrical on both sides of the center line; the second symmetry and the third symmetry are symmetrical on both sides of the center line; the first symmetry and the third symmetry are equal, and the second symmetry and the fourth symmetry are equal. The obtained high superposition building block product can not only improve the mechanical properties of the masonry, but also solve the energy saving problem of the wall, and is convenient for industrialized mass production, and the concrete entity after masonry is highly superimposed and can greatly expand the application range of existing concrete building blocks, which can be widely used in various buildings and structures. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] The high superposition building block super -low energy consumption building, including outer wall and roof, outer wall is mainly composed of high superposition building block masonry, the ventilation hole of high superposition building block is connected to form outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel, and the filling hole of high superposition building block is filled with heat preservation material;The roof includes a top plate, a heat preservation layer and a waterproof layer from inside to outside, a ventilation and heat insulation block is laid on the roof, and a roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer is formed between the panel of the ventilation and heat insulation block and the roof;The outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer are connected to form a ventilation and heat dissipation system from bottom to top.

[0006] The high-laminated block super-low energy consumption building further comprises an outer wall photovoltaic assembly and a roof photovoltaic assembly; the outer wall photovoltaic assembly and the roof photovoltaic assembly are respectively installed on the outer wall and the roof through a keel.

[0007] The outer wall photovoltaic assembly and the outer wall form an outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel, the roof photovoltaic assembly and the roof form a roof photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation layer, and the outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the roof photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation layer are connected to each other to form a top-down ventilation and heat dissipation system two.

[0008] The ventilation and heat dissipation system one and the ventilation and heat dissipation system two share an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is located at a low position of the building, the air outlet is located at a high position of the building, and the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively provided with a valve and a grille.

[0009] The air inlet is located at a bottom layer of a basement and forms a lower section of a total ventilation channel together with a building enclosure, and the air inlet is arranged at a lower end of the lower section of the total ventilation channel; the air outlet is located at a roof raised section, a heat absorption material layer is arranged around the roof raised section, a top of the roof raised section is provided with an upper section of the total ventilation channel, and the air outlet is arranged at the upper section of the total ventilation channel.

[0010] The outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel and / or the outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel are provided with a partition plate.

[0011] The outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel is provided with a spraying system.

[0012] The spraying system is arranged between floors in the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel and at a connection position between a top floor and the roof.

[0013] The spraying system mainly comprises a central controller and a temperature and humidity sensor, a spraying nozzle and a temperature control switch connected to and controlled by the central controller.

[0014] The high-laminated block is a block in the high-laminated block of the utility model patent with the patent number 202220378798.3. Figure 14

[0015] ​In view of the problems existing in the current super low energy consumption building, the inventor designs a high superposition block super low energy consumption building in combination with the prior patent, which comprises an outer wall and a roof, the outer wall is mainly built by high superposition blocks, the ventilation holes of the high superposition blocks are connected in sequence to form outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channels, and the filling holes of the high superposition blocks are filled with thermal insulation materials; the roof comprises a top plate, a thermal insulation layer and a waterproof layer from inside to outside, ventilation and heat insulation blocks are arranged on the roof, and the panel of the ventilation and heat insulation block and the roof form a roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer; the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channels and the roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer are connected to form a ventilation and heat dissipation system from bottom to top. The high superposition block with a unique structure and the ventilation and heat insulation block are combined, and appropriate technical means are used, so that the outer wall and the roof of the building have both thermal insulation function and ventilation and heat dissipation function, the building is overall coordinated and promoted in heat dissipation and thermal insulation, the building is high in energy efficiency and low in energy consumption. Accordingly, the inventor establishes a corresponding construction method. The application can realize the super low energy consumption building at a very low cost, is conducive to the large-area popularization and implementation of the super low energy consumption building, and has important significance for building energy saving and national energy strategy security in China.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following outstanding features:

[0017] 1. The high superposition block structure has the advantages of unique structure and no internal thermal bridge, and after being built, the thermal bridge can be eliminated in the remaining parts of the outer wall except the beams, plates and columns by filling the thermal insulation materials;

[0018] 2. The high superposition block A and the roof ventilation and heat insulation block are matched to build the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer, and the chimney effect is used to discharge part of the heat entering the outer wall and the roof;

[0019] 3. The air inlet is arranged at a low place and a low temperature place, the air outlet is arranged at a high place, and a heat absorbing material layer can be further arranged around the high place to increase the temperature difference and pressure difference between the air inlet and the air outlet, and the chimney effect is strengthened;

[0020] 4. A spraying system can be arranged at the connection place of the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channels of adjacent floors and the connection place of the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel of the top layer and the roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer, so that part of the heat entering the outer wall is absorbed by the water mist and discharged from the air outlet;

[0021] 5. Photovoltaic components are arranged on the outer wall and the roof to generate electricity by using solar energy, so that cheap and clean energy is obtained;

[0022] 6. The photovoltaic components form the outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the roof photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation layer, which are connected to the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer to share the air inlet and the air outlet, and part of the heat entering the outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the roof photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation layer is discharged through the chimney effect, so that the temperature of the photovoltaic components is reduced and the power generation efficiency is improved.

[0023] 7. The outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel can be provided with a partition plate. When the building needs to be insulated and heated, the partition plate is closed, the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel are changed into an additional insulation layer of the building, and the insulation effect is increased to a certain extent.

[0024] 8. The high-laminated block B can be used for the inner wall of the building, and the holes thereof are filled with insulation materials, so that the thermal performance and the partition performance of the inner wall are improved.

[0025] The above eight heat barriers are formed, and the heat entering the building from the outside is greatly reduced: 1. photoelectric conversion of the photovoltaic module to solar energy; 2. light reflection on the surface of the photovoltaic module; 3. heat radiation on the surface of the photovoltaic module; 4. heat convection on the surface of the photovoltaic module; 5. heat dissipation of the photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation layer; 6. heat dissipation of the wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer; 7. heat absorption of water mist; and 8. insulation and heat insulation of the wall insulation layer and the roof insulation layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the perspective structure of the high-laminated block A.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the high-laminated block A.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the half brick (block a) of the high-laminated block A.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the perspective structure of the high-laminated block B.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the high-laminated block B.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the half brick (block b) of the high-laminated block B.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the perspective structure of the one-dimensional ventilation and heat insulation block (block C).

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the perspective structure of the half brick (block c) of the one-dimensional ventilation and heat insulation block.

[0034] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the perspective structure of the two-dimensional ventilation and heat insulation block (block D).

[0035] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the perspective structure of the half brick (block d1) of the two-dimensional ventilation and heat insulation block.

[0036] Figure 11 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic view of the two-dimensional ventilated thermal insulation block edge block (block d2).

[0037] Figure 12 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic view of the two-dimensional ventilated thermal insulation block edge block half brick (block d3).

[0038] Figure 13 It is a cross-sectional structure schematic view of one embodiment of the super low energy consumption building.

[0039] Figure 14 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic view of the two-dimensional ventilated thermal insulation block edge block (block d2). Figure 13 It is an enlarged structure schematic view of A in the middle.

[0040] Figure 15 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic view of the two-dimensional ventilated thermal insulation block edge block (block d2). Figure 13 It is a cross-sectional structure schematic view of B-B section in the middle.

[0041] Figure 16 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic view of the two-dimensional ventilated thermal insulation block edge block (block d2). Figure 14 It is a cross-sectional structure schematic view of C-C section of the outer wall, wherein: a is C-C section of the outer wall without column, and b is C-C section of the outer wall with column.

[0042] Figure 17 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic view of the two-dimensional ventilated thermal insulation block edge block (block d2). Figure 14 It is a cross-sectional structure schematic view of D-D section in the middle.

[0043] Figure 18 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic view of the two-dimensional ventilated thermal insulation block edge block (block d2). Figure 14 It is a left view structure schematic view of E-E section in the middle.

[0044] Figure 19 It is a cross-sectional structure schematic view of another embodiment of the super low energy consumption building.

[0045] Figure 20 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic view of the two-dimensional ventilated thermal insulation block edge block (block d2). Figure 19 It is an enlarged structure schematic view of F in the middle.

[0046] Figure 21 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic view of the two-dimensional ventilated thermal insulation block edge block (block d2). Figure 20 It is a left view structure schematic view of G-G section in the middle.

[0047] Figure 22 It is a control principle schematic view of the partition A.

[0048] Figure 23 It is a principle schematic view of the interlayer connecting plate.

[0049] Figure 24 It is a structure schematic view of the outer wall with door / window opening.

[0050] Figure 25 It is a control principle schematic view of the partition B.

[0051] In the diagram: 1. High-density composite block A; 1.01. Block a; 1.02. Inner part; 1.03. Outer part; 1.04. Insulation material in block A or block a; 2. High-density composite block B; 2.01. Block b; 2.02. Insulation material in block B or block b; 3. One-dimensional ventilation and insulation block; 3.01. Block c; 4. Two-dimensional ventilation and insulation block; 4.01. Block d1; 4.02. Edge block of two-dimensional ventilation and insulation block; 4.03. Block d3; 5. Interlayer connecting plate; 5.01. Fixed part; 5.02. Movable part; 5.03. Storage groove of partition A; 5.04. Lower recess; 5.05. Upper recess; 5.06. Lifting crank socket; 6. Eaves connector; 7. Exterior wall ventilation and heat dissipation duct; 7.01. Partition A; 8. Basement floor; 9. Air inlet; 10. Baffle; 11. Floor slab; 12. Roof slab; 13 Roof insulation layer; 14 Roof waterproof layer; 15 Elevation section; 16 Air outlet; 17 Airflow direction arrow; 18 Exterior wall keel; 19 Photovoltaic module; 19.01 Photovoltaic module connection plate; 20 Spacer block; 21 Roof keel; 22 Temperature and humidity sensor; 23 Water pipe; 24 Temperature control switch; 24.01 Spray nozzle; 25 Sealing material; 26 Photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation duct; 26.01 Partition B; 27 Roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer; 28 Photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation layer; 29 Lower section of main ventilation duct; 30 Upper section of main ventilation duct; 31 Beam; 32 Worm gear; 33 Worm wheel; 34 Gear; 35 Transmission chain; 36 Female drive shaft; 36.01 Female drive shaft; 37 Masonry mortar; 38 Column; 39 Rust-proof anchor; 40 Rust-proof tie; 41 Door / window opening; 41.01 Door / window frame. Detailed Implementation

[0052] I. Basic Structure

[0053] like Figures 1 to 25 As shown, this utility model of a high-composite block ultra-low energy building includes an exterior wall and a roof. The exterior wall is mainly constructed of high-composite blocks, with ventilation holes in the high-composite blocks interconnected to form ventilation and heat dissipation channels. The filling holes of the high-composite blocks are filled with insulation material. The roof includes a top slab, an insulation layer, and a waterproof layer from the inside out. Ventilation and heat insulation blocks are laid on the roof, and the panels of the ventilation and heat insulation blocks form a roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer 27 (or a roof suspended insulation layer) between them. The exterior wall ventilation and heat dissipation channels and the roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer are interconnected to form a bottom-up ventilation and heat dissipation system. The exterior wall has both insulation and ventilation and heat dissipation functions. Its insulation function is obtained by filling the filling holes of the high-composite blocks with insulation material, and its ventilation and heat dissipation function is obtained by the wall ventilation channels through the chimney effect. The roof also has both insulation and ventilation and heat dissipation functions. Its insulation function is obtained by laying a roof insulation layer on the roof, and its ventilation and heat dissipation function is obtained by the suspended layer through the chimney effect.

[0054] The high-laminated block super-low energy consumption building can further comprise an outer wall photovoltaic assembly and a roof photovoltaic assembly; the outer wall photovoltaic assembly and the roof photovoltaic assembly are respectively installed on the outer wall and the roof through a keel. An outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel is formed between the outer wall photovoltaic assembly and the outer wall, and a roof photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation layer is formed between the roof photovoltaic assembly and the roof, and the outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the roof photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation layer are interconnected to form a top-down ventilation and heat dissipation system two.

[0055] The ventilation and heat dissipation system one and the ventilation and heat dissipation system two share an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is located at a low position of the building, and the air outlet is located at a high position of the building, and the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively provided with a valve and a grille. The outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel and / or the outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel are provided with a partition plate. A spraying system is arranged in the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel, and the spraying system mainly comprises a central controller, a temperature and humidity sensor connected to and controlled by the central controller, a spraying nozzle and a temperature control switch.

[0056] II. Construction method

[0057] As shown in the drawings, Figures 1 to 25 the construction method of the high-laminated block super-low energy consumption building comprises the following steps: the outer wall is constructed by using high-laminated blocks, the ventilation holes of the high-laminated blocks are connected in series to form an outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel, and the filling holes of the high-laminated blocks are filled with thermal insulation materials; the ventilation and heat dissipation blocks are laid on the roof, so that a roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer (or a roof emptying and heat insulation layer) is formed between the panel of the ventilation and heat dissipation blocks and the roof, and the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer are interconnected to form a top-down ventilation and heat dissipation system one.

[0058] The outer wall photovoltaic assembly and the roof photovoltaic assembly are respectively installed on the outer wall and the roof through a keel, so that an outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel is formed between the outer wall photovoltaic assembly and the outer wall, and a roof photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation layer is formed between the roof photovoltaic assembly and the roof, and the outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the roof photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation layer are interconnected to form a top-down ventilation and heat dissipation system two, and the ventilation and heat dissipation system one and the ventilation and heat dissipation system two share an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet and the air outlet are respectively arranged at a low position and a high position of the building, and are respectively provided with a valve and a grille; a partition plate is arranged in the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel and / or the outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel, and a spraying system is arranged in the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel.

[0059] III. Specific examples

[0060] As shown in the drawings, Figures 1 to 6 the high-laminated block used in the present application mainly comprises a high-laminated block A1 and a high-laminated block B (2), and both of them are covered by the high-laminated block in the prior utility model patent of the applicant. The high-laminated block A is not shown in the patent drawings, but it can be obtained by referring to the patent Figure 14 and claim 9. The high-laminated block B 2 corresponds to the patent Figure 1The special structure of the wall ensures good thermal performance after filling with thermal insulation material. Figures 1 to 2 is a high-laminated block A (hereinafter referred to as block A), Figure 3 is a half brick (block a) of block A, the high-laminated block A (including block a) has a filling hole and a ventilation hole, and block A and block a are used for the outer wall of the ultra-low energy consumption building. Figures 4 to 5 is a high-laminated block B (hereinafter referred to as block B), Figure 6 is a half brick (block b) of block B, the high-laminated block B (including block b) has a filling hole but no ventilation hole, and block B and block b are auxiliary blocks (such as when a spray device is set) for the outer wall of the ultra-low energy consumption building. Block A and block a are integrally formed during production and cannot be separated, but in order to facilitate description, block A and block a are divided into "inner part" 1.02 and "outer part" 1.03. The "inner part" is on the inside of the outer wall during masonry, and the hole in it is a filling hole for filling thermal insulation material; the "outer part" is on the outside of the outer wall during masonry, and the cavities of the "outer part" are vertically aligned and connected to become the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel 7 after masonry. The filling holes of the high-laminated blocks of adjacent skins are aligned and connected to each other and filled with thermal insulation material, the ventilation holes of the high-laminated blocks of adjacent skins of the current floor are connected to each other to become the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel of the floor, and the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channels of all floors of the same facade of the building are connected through the interlayer connecting plate 5.

[0061] In addition, block B and block b can also be used for the masonry of the inner wall of the ultra-low energy consumption building and the filling hole is filled with thermal insulation material. Not all rooms in the building need cooling or heating at the same time, at which time the better the thermal performance of the inner wall of the building, the less energy consumption required for the room that needs cooling or heating, and the better the energy saving effect of the entire building. The reason why this is not done is that it will greatly increase the cost of the building. However, the application of high-laminated blocks can solve this problem at a low cost, for example, filling the cavities of block B in the inner wall with slightly treated agricultural and forestry waste or a mixture of these waste and foamed concrete, etc., which is not only convenient to construct and low in price, but also has good thermal performance; at the same time, it also increases the sound insulation performance of the building; and another important feature of high-laminated blocks, high-lamination, that is, the concrete solid materials of the upper and lower blocks in the wall almost completely overlap, greatly enhancing the mechanical properties of the wall, which is very beneficial to the safety and durability of the building. Therefore, in the current and future when building energy saving, structural safety and building comfort are increasingly valued, it will be a wise choice to use high-laminated block B for the inner wall of the building in this application and make full use of its thermal performance, sound insulation performance and mechanical properties.

[0062] Figures 7 to 12 The block shown in the middle is a traditional building component, mainly used to build the roof heat dissipation and ventilation layer of the present application. Figure 7 is a one-dimensional ventilation and heat insulation block 3 (block C), Figure 8half brick (block c 3.01) for block C, Figure 9 two-dimensional ventilated thermal insulation block 4 (block D), Figure 10 half brick (block d1 4.01) for block D, Figure 11 two-dimensional ventilated thermal insulation block edge block (block d2) 4.02, Figure 12 half brick (block d3) 4.03 for block d2. The ventilated thermal insulation block is composed of a panel and a foot, the foot is on the negative side of the panel, the negative side is the opposite of the positive side of the panel, the positive side is the side facing the sky after laying; the ventilated thermal insulation block is laid on the roof with the foot facing down, and an air layer is formed between the panel of the ventilated thermal insulation block and the roof.

[0063] The composition materials of block A, block a, block B, block b, block C, block c, block D, block d1, block d2, and block d3 can be fine stone concrete, stone chip concrete, industrial waste residue concrete, ceramsite concrete, polymer concrete, sintered clay, sintered shale, natural stone, artificial stone, foam metal, etc. In actual production and use, it is required that block A [including block a] has high strength (should not be lower than MU5.0, preferably MU7.5 or above), and appropriate wall and rib thickness to ensure that the "outer part" will not have safety problems due to being suspended; and it is required that block A [including block a] and block B [including block b] have high density and good waterproof performance, and will not affect the thermal performance of the external wall insulation material due to the setting of the spray system in the external wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel.

[0064] Figures 13 to 18 is one of the embodiments of the ultra-low energy consumption building of the utility model. The external wall of the building is built with high composite blocks, specifically built with block A [including block a] and block B [including block b]. It is built with block laying mortar 37, and the upper and lower skins are staggered by half a block, so auxiliary blocks, commonly known as "half bricks", namely block a and block b, are used. Due to the characteristics of high composite blocks, according to the laying method of staggering the upper and lower skins by half a block, the walls of the upper and lower skins of the blocks can be completely aligned, and all the holes can be vertically aligned and connected. The holes of the "inner part" of block A [including block a] in the wall are filled with thermal insulation materials, and the holes of block B [including block b] are filled with thermal insulation materials, so the external wall has thermal insulation function. The holes of the "outer part" of each skin block A [including block a] of the same floor and the same external surface in the wall are vertically aligned and connected, becoming a plurality of external wall ventilation and heat dissipation channels which are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the ground.

[0065] There are two ways to fill the insulation material in the outer wall: one is pre-filled, that is, the insulation material in the block is pre-filled in the factory; the second is post-filled, that is, the insulation material in the block is filled after the masonry. Post-filled is divided into two cases: load-bearing wall post-filled and frame wall post-filled. For load-bearing wall post-filled, when masonry blocks of a floor, before casting or installing the floor and beams (if any) on it, fill the holes in the "inner part" of block A [including block a] and the holes of block B [including block b] in the outer wall of the floor with insulation material; it can be filled in sections within the height of the floor. For frame wall post-filled, when masonry blocks of a floor, masonry to the bottom of the frame beam leaves a skin, then fill the holes in the "inner part" of block A [including block a] of the floor with insulation material, and then masonry a skin block below the frame beam, whether the skin block is block A [including block a] or block B [including block b], it is pre-filled with insulation material; it can be filled in sections within the height of the floor. Post-filled is different from the conventional way of masonry: the horizontal masonry mortar layer is only laid on the solid of the block, which is equivalent to the extension of the wall and rib of the block in the height direction, and does not form a piece, such horizontal masonry mortar does not become a horizontal heat bridge because of the special structure of high composite block, combined with the characteristics of high composite block that there is no straight-through heat bridge and the holes can be completely aligned, under the premise of ensuring the same thermal performance of the wall, the filling method of the insulation material can be diversified, and the filling efficiency is improved, the cost is reduced, and more importantly, it effectively expands the selection range of insulation materials, so that forestry and agricultural waste is expected to become a good building insulation material (add appropriate solidification materials such as foamed concrete, foamed gypsum, foamed raw soil, etc., and necessary additives) after simple treatment, which will greatly reduce the energy-saving cost of building, reduce carbon emissions, increase the natural elements of building, make the living more healthy and comfortable, and people are willing to accept it, which is convenient for the large-scale promotion of super low energy consumption buildings.

[0066] As Figures 13 to 18As shown, the roof of the building has a roof insulation layer 13 above the top slab, and a roof waterproof layer 14 above the roof insulation layer (the insulation layer and waterproof layer are required by current specifications and building energy conservation requirements). The edges of the roof insulation layer are sealed with sealing material 25 to prevent moisture. Two-dimensional ventilation and heat insulation blocks (blocks D) [may include blocks d1, d2, and d3] are laid on the roof waterproof layer to form a roof suspended heat insulation layer. When all four facades of a building have external wall ventilation and heat dissipation ducts, the roof's suspended insulation layer is made of blocks D [possibly including auxiliary blocks d1, d2, and d3]. In this way, the airflow within the roof's suspended insulation layer can flow in both the X and Y directions. When only two opposite facades of a building have external wall ventilation and heat dissipation ducts, the roof's suspended insulation layer can be made of blocks D [possibly including auxiliary blocks d1, d2, and d3] or one-dimensional ventilation and insulation blocks (block C) [possibly including auxiliary blocks c]. If it is made of one-dimensional ventilation and insulation blocks (block C) [possibly including auxiliary blocks c], the airflow within the roof's suspended insulation layer can only flow along the direction of the arched grooves of block C or block c.

[0067] like Figure 13 As shown, the external wall ventilation and heat dissipation ducts and the roof's elevated insulation layer can be connected using the eaves connector 6. For buildings where not all facades have external wall ventilation and heat dissipation ducts, the edges of the roof's elevated insulation layer corresponding to facades without external wall ventilation and heat dissipation ducts should preferably use ventilation and insulation blocks with edge sealing functions, such as one-dimensional ventilation and insulation blocks (block C), or half-bricks of block C (block c), or two-dimensional ventilation and insulation block edge blocks (block d2), or half-bricks of block d2 (block d3), or other sealing measures. The external wall ventilation and heat dissipation ducts of adjacent floors can be connected through inter-floor connecting plates.

[0068] like Figure 13 As shown, in the lower basement level 8, a main ventilation duct lower section 29 can be formed by a baffle 10 and the building enclosure, with an air inlet 9 at the lower end of the main ventilation duct lower section; an elevated section 15 is set on the roof, located at the upper end of the main ventilation duct upper section 30, with an air outlet 16 at the top of the elevated section. The air inlet, external wall ventilation and heat dissipation duct, roof suspended insulation layer, and air outlet are connected in sequence to form a bottom-up channel, thereby generating a chimney effect. The airflow flows in the direction of arrow 17, carrying away some of the heat entering the building's external walls and roof from the outside. At this time, the roof suspended insulation layer becomes the roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer. In practical applications, both the air inlet and air outlet are equipped with valves and grilles; the valves open and close the air inlet and air outlet, and the grilles serve to ensure safety and prevent animals such as snakes and rats, as well as other foreign objects that may affect the ventilation and heat dissipation function, from entering. In addition, wind power generation devices can be installed at the air outlets. Depending on the environmental conditions of the building and technological advancements that make it economical, it is also possible to reasonably install micro or small wind power generation devices on the roof, in addition to the air outlets.

[0069] To enhance Figure 13 The chimney effect in this example can be addressed in three ways: First, increase the temperature and pressure difference between the airflow at the air inlet and outlet. Place the air inlet at the lowest temperature and / or location within the building or its surroundings, including but not limited to the bottom of the basement or the constant temperature layer on the ground surface. Place the air outlet at the highest point of the building, i.e., the top of the elevated section of the roof. The periphery of the elevated section of the roof should be equipped with a heat-absorbing material layer to absorb solar energy and increase the air temperature within the elevated section, thereby enhancing the chimney effect and thus improving heat dissipation. Second, install blower devices at the air inlet and / or outlet. Third, enlarge the holes in the outer part of block A [including block a] and simultaneously increase the height of the feet of the ventilation and heat insulation blocks used in constructing the roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer.

[0070] like Figures 13 to 14 As shown, to enhance the building's energy efficiency during hot seasons, a misting system can be installed on the building's exterior walls. For ease of installation and maintenance, misting systems are installed on the exterior walls under the inter-floor connecting plates and under the eaves connectors. Each floor's misting system on each facade is a sub-misting system, and each sub-misting system operates independently. Each sub-misting system includes multiple temperature and humidity sensors 22, a temperature control switch 24, and multiple spray nozzles. Each sub-misting system is connected to the water supply system via water pipes 23, and all sub-misting systems in the building are connected to a central controller. Multiple temperature and humidity sensors in each sub-misting system acquire real-time temperature data of their respective locations and transmit the data to the central controller using appropriate signals (such as electrical signals). The central controller can be a microprocessor-based embedded system with powerful data processing capabilities, capable of quickly calculating the real-time average temperature of multiple temperature and humidity sensors in each sub-misting system. The central controller stores preset temperature thresholds and allows for user interface settings to facilitate adjustments to parameters such as temperature thresholds. When the real-time average temperature of the sub-spray system reaches or exceeds the temperature threshold, the central controller sends an open signal to the temperature control switch of the sub-spray system, connecting the water supply circuit of the spray nozzles and starting spraying; when the real-time average temperature of the sub-spray system is lower than the temperature threshold, the central controller sends a close signal to the temperature control switch of the sub-spray system, cutting off the water supply circuit of the spray nozzles and stopping spraying; the inter-floor connecting plates and eaves connectors are easy to install, disassemble and maintain. Generally, each sub-spray system is not set deep inside each external wall ventilation and heat dissipation duct, but is set at the junction of adjacent floors, that is, on the side of floor slab 11. Because the floor slab is relatively thin, it is not convenient to set up the sub-spray system. This needs to be considered when constructing the external wall. Therefore, the layer of blocks below the floor slab can use block B [including block b] instead of block A [including block a].

[0071] The spray system uses water mist to absorb heat, and combined with the efficient heat dissipation of the external wall ventilation and heat dissipation ducts and the roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer, most of the heat entering the walls and roof from the outside is dissipated, and very little heat can enter the room through the thermal insulation layer with good thermal performance.

[0072] like Figures 19 to 21 This is another embodiment of the ultra-low energy consumption building of this utility model. At the junction of adjacent floors, there is a beam 31. The beam and floor slab are cast as a single unit. Each sub-spray system is installed on the outer side of the beam on its respective floor. The height of the outer side of the beam is sufficient to accommodate the sub-spray system; therefore, the layer of blocks immediately below the beam uses block A [including block a]. When the external wall ventilation and heat dissipation duct does not have a spray system, block C [including block c] or block D [including blocks d1, d2, and d3] can be used to replace the inter-floor connecting plate to connect the external wall ventilation and heat dissipation ducts of the upper and lower floors.

[0073] like Figure 16 As shown, when there are no columns on the exterior wall, the exterior wall does not need to use... Figures 7 to 12 Ventilation and insulation blocks. When there are columns 38 on the exterior wall, the outer side of the columns can be used. Figures 7 to 12 Ventilation and heat insulation blocks are constructed to form ventilation and heat dissipation channels in the exterior wall, preferably one-dimensional ventilation and heat insulation blocks (i.e., blocks C [including blocks c]). At this time, blocks C [including blocks c] must be anchored to the column with anti-rust anchors 39, and blocks C [including blocks c] must be tied to adjacent blocks A with anti-rust tie members 40. If the number of blocks C [including blocks c] in the horizontal direction is more than 1, the blocks C [including blocks c] in the horizontal direction are also tied to each other with anti-rust tie members 40.

[0074] When a building's exterior walls are equipped with a misting system and also have columns, sub-mist systems should be installed on the outer sides of the columns at the junctions with beams or floor slabs, as well as on the outer sides of the columns at the junctions with the roof slab. Simultaneously, the outer sides of the columns at the junctions with beams or floor slabs should be covered with interlayer connecting plates to connect the ventilation and heat dissipation ducts above and below. The outer sides of the columns at the junctions with the roof slab should be covered with eaves connectors to connect the ventilation and heat dissipation ducts at that location to the roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer. This allows the exterior wall ventilation and heat dissipation ducts to pass through the outer sides of beams, floor slabs, and columns, and by installing sub-mist systems in appropriate locations, cleverly, efficiently, and economically solves the thermal bridging problem between beams, slabs, and columns.

[0075] To meet the energy-saving needs of different seasons, partitions A7.01 can be installed in the area covered by the interlayer connecting plate on each floor to open and close the external wall ventilation and heat dissipation ducts. Figure 22A form of the partition A is shown, the control principle is that the female transmission shaft and each sub-transmission shaft are installed with the partition A, the rotation of the worm 32 drives the rotation of the worm wheel 33, the female transmission shaft 36 and the gear 34, the rotation of the gear drives the movement of the transmission chain 35, the movement of the transmission chain drives the rotation of the lower sub-transmission shaft 36.01, realizing the linkage of all the partitions A of the same facade, so that the opening or closing of the partition A can be controlled according to the needs; here, "lower" is the order of motion transmission rather than the relative position. When the building needs to dissipate heat, the air inlet valve, the air outlet valve and the partition A of each floor are in the open state, the ventilation and heat dissipation function of the outer wall and the ventilation and heat dissipation function of the roof under the action of the chimney effect are played, a part of the heat entering the wall and the roof from the outside is dissipated, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the building outer wall insulation layer and the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the roof insulation layer is reduced, the heat entering the building interior is reduced, and the air conditioning energy consumption is reduced; when the building needs to be insulated, the air inlet valve, the air outlet valve and the partition A of each floor are in the closed state, effectively preventing the air flow in the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer, the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel is changed into an additional insulation layer of the outer wall, and the roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer is changed into an additional insulation layer of the roof, so that the outer wall and the roof achieve better insulation effect. Therefore, no matter what state the building is in, it can be energy-efficient and energy-saving.

[0076] Figure 23 A form of the interlayer connecting plate is shown, which is composed of a fixed part 5.01, a movable part 5.02, a partition A receiving slot 5.03, a lower embedding port 5.04, an upper embedding port 5.05, and a lifting crank handle insertion hole 5.06. During installation, the crank handle is inserted into the lifting crank handle insertion hole, the distance between the fixed part and the movable part is adjusted, the lower embedding port and the upper embedding port are respectively nested on the outer wall plate above the lower layer block A [including block a] and below the upper layer block A [including block a], and then the crank handle is rotated to make the fixed part and the movable part move away from each other to tightly abut against the block A [including block a] and achieve self-locking, and the installation of the interlayer connecting plate is completed. The outer side of the installed interlayer connecting plate is flush with the outer wall plate of the connected block A [including block a], and multiple interlayer connecting plates at the same height are closely arranged, and the interlayer connecting plates are sealed between them and with the block A [including block a]. When the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel needs to be opened, the partition A is in the partition A receiving slot of the interlayer connecting plate, which does not affect the smooth flow of air; when the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel needs to be closed, the partition A is rotated 90 O covers the hole of the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel and blocks the connection of the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel.

[0077] As Figure 24As shown, when the building outer wall has door / window openings, the blocks on the left and right sides of the door / window frame are block A (1) [including block a], the whole-skin blocks at the upper end and the lower end of the door / window frame are block B (2) [including block b], and the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channels blocked at the two skin blocks are connected in parallel by the interlayer connecting plate and connected in communication with the upper and lower outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channels.

[0078] As shown in the figure, Figures 13 to 15 In order to make full use of solar energy and improve energy-saving effect, the utility model also uses building photovoltaic integration (BIPV) technology, that is, installing solar photovoltaic components 19 on the outer wall and roof of the building. Among them, the outer wall photovoltaic component is installed on the outer wall keel 18, the outer wall keel is installed at equal distance, perpendicular to the ground, close to the outer wall surface, and firmly connected with the main structure of the building; the roof photovoltaic component is installed on the roof keel 21, the roof keel is installed on the cushion block 20 with appropriate height, the cushion block is installed on the ventilation and heat insulation block laid on the roof and firmly connected with the main structure of the building, and the existence of the cushion block makes the airflow flow in the direction perpendicular to the keel. The roof keel is at equal distance, parallel to each other and in the plane parallel to the roof, preferably perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the building, and firmly connected with the cushion block. In order to facilitate the maintenance of the spray system, the area directly opposite the interlayer connecting plate and the eaves connecting piece is not installed with photovoltaic components, but with photovoltaic component connecting plate 19.01; the photovoltaic component connecting plate is firmly connected with the outer wall keel, easy to assemble and disassemble, durable, and coordinated with the appearance of the photovoltaic component, without affecting the appearance. In order to facilitate the inspection and daily maintenance of the roof photovoltaic component, a maintenance channel can be reasonably arranged on the roof according to needs.

[0079] The space surrounded by the outer wall photovoltaic component, the photovoltaic component connecting plate, the wall surface and the outer wall keel on both sides forms the outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel 26; the photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel can be provided with a partition B 26.01 for opening or blocking the outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel; the interlayer between the roof photovoltaic component and the ventilation and heat insulation block forms a roof photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation layer. The outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the roof photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation layer are connected in communication by the photovoltaic component connecting plate; the outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel shares the air inlet with the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel, and the uppermost end of the roof photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation layer is connected with the roof raised section and shares the air outlet with the roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer, thereby the outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the roof photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation layer both have the function of ventilation and heat dissipation by the chimney effect.

[0080] Due to the photoelectric conversion of the photovoltaic module and the light reflection, heat radiation and heat convection of its surface, the heat that can pass through the photovoltaic module accounts for a very small proportion of the incident light energy, and this small proportion of heat is dissipated by the photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation layer. At this time, the heat that can enter the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer is already very small. With the help of the heat dissipation effect of the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer and the water mist heat absorption effect of the spray system in the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel, and the good thermal performance of the wall insulation layer and the roof insulation layer, the heat that can enter the indoor is already very small. At the same time, due to the reasonable design, the outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the roof photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation layer have good heat dissipation function by means of high-efficiency chimney effect, effectively reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic module and improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module. The electricity generated by the photovoltaic module can be used for building use, charging of electric vehicles and / or connected to the power grid, or stored by energy storage equipment for standby use.

[0081] If the outer wall has a door / window opening 41, the four sides of the door / window opening are one or several of high composite blocks A (including blocks a), high composite blocks B (including blocks b), beams, columns, floors, outer wall keels, and interlayer connection plates; the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel blocked by the door / window opening is connected in parallel with and communicates with multiple (preferably all) outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channels of the outer facade through interlayer connection plates or appropriate connection measures; the outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel blocked by the door / window opening is connected in parallel with and communicates with multiple (preferably all) outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channels of the outer facade through photovoltaic module connection plates or other appropriate connection measures.

[0082] Figure 25 A form of the partition B is shown, and its control principle is that the mother transmission shaft and the child transmission shaft pass through the outer wall keel, the mother transmission shaft and the child transmission shaft are installed with the partition B, the rotation of the worm drives the rotation of the worm wheel, the mother transmission shaft and the gear, the rotation of the gear drives the movement of the transmission chain, the movement of the transmission chain drives the rotation of the lower child transmission shaft, realizing the linkage of all partitions B of the same outer facade, so that the opening or closing of the partition B can be controlled as needed; here, "lower" is the order of motion transmission, not the relative position.

Claims

1. A high composite block super low energy consumption building, comprising an outer wall and a roof, characterized in that: The outer wall is mainly composed of high-stacked blocks, the ventilation holes of the high-stacked blocks are connected to form an outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel, and the filling holes of the high-stacked blocks are filled with thermal insulation materials; the roof comprises a roof board, a thermal insulation layer and a waterproof layer from inside to outside, and ventilation and heat insulation blocks are arranged on the roof, and a roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer is formed between the panels of the ventilation and heat insulation blocks and the roof; the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel and the roof ventilation and heat dissipation layer are connected to form a ventilation and heat dissipation system from bottom to top.

2. The high-laminated block super low-energy building according to claim 1, characterized in that The outer wall photovoltaic assembly and the roof photovoltaic assembly are arranged on the outer wall and the roof respectively through the keels.

3. The high-lamellar block super-low energy consumption building according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall photovoltaic assembly and the roof photovoltaic assembly are arranged on the outer wall and the roof respectively through the keels.

4. The high-lamellar block super-low energy consumption building according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall photovoltaic assembly and the roof photovoltaic assembly are arranged on the outer wall and the roof respectively through the keels.

5. The high-lamellar block super-low energy consumption building according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ventilation and heat dissipation system one and the ventilation and heat dissipation system two share an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is located at a low position of the building, and the air outlet is located at a high position of the building, and the air inlet and the air outlet are provided with valves and gratings.

6. The high-lamellar block super-low energy consumption building according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air inlet is located at the bottom of the basement, and a total ventilation channel lower section is formed by a baffle and the building, and the air inlet is arranged at the lower end of the total ventilation channel lower section; the air outlet is located at a roof raised section, a heat absorbing material layer is arranged around the roof raised section, a total ventilation channel upper section is arranged at the top of the roof raised section, and the air outlet is arranged at the total ventilation channel upper section.

7. The high-lamellar block super-low energy consumption building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel and / or the outer wall photovoltaic ventilation and heat dissipation channel are provided with a partition plate.

8. The high-rise multi-story building of claim 7, wherein: The outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel is provided with a spraying system.

9. The high-rise multi-story building of claim 8, wherein: The spraying system is arranged between floors in the outer wall ventilation and heat dissipation channel and at the connection between the top floor and the roof. The spraying system mainly comprises a central controller, a temperature and humidity sensor connected to and controlled by the central controller, a spraying nozzle and a temperature control switch.

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