Cylinder type heat exchanger relating to phase change
By designing multiple coaxially connected cylinders and distributors in a cylindrical heat exchanger, the matching of medium flow rates is optimized, solving the problem of flow rate mismatch during gas-liquid phase change, improving heat exchange efficiency, reducing heat exchange area, and lowering costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520326053.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-26
AI Technical Summary
In traditional heat exchangers, the liquid phase medium has a low flow rate and the gas phase medium has a high flow rate during gas-liquid phase change, resulting in a low overall heat transfer coefficient and requiring a larger heat exchange area, which affects economic efficiency and space utilization.
Design a phase change cylindrical heat exchanger, which uses multiple coaxially nested cylinders and distributors. Medium 1 flows in odd-numbered layers, and medium 2 flows in even-numbered layers. The gas channel size is larger than the liquid channel size. The distributor enables the switching of co-current and counter-current flow of the medium between different channels, and optimizes the flow rate matching.
It improves heat exchange efficiency, reduces efficiency loss caused by flow rate mismatch, achieves uniform heat exchange effect and smaller heat exchange area, and reduces costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223954709U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to an energy system, especially a heat exchanger. BACKGROUND
[0002] When the same medium is exchanged in the heat exchange channel of the conventional heat exchanger, such as the shell and tube heat exchanger, the cross-sectional area of the heat exchange channel remains almost unchanged, while when the gas-liquid phase change is involved in the heat exchange channel, the flow rate of the liquid phase medium is low, and the flow rate of the gas phase medium is high, which will result in a low overall heat exchange coefficient of the heat exchanger, and thus a larger heat exchange area is required, which is not high in economy and space utilization, and therefore it is urgent to redesign the heat exchange channel of the heat exchange device so that the heat exchange medium of different phases can have appropriate flow rates, thereby increasing the heat exchange coefficient and reducing the heat exchange area, and thus reducing the cost.
[0003] The information disclosed in this BACKGROUND section is only for the purpose of increasing the understanding of the background of the present utility model and should not be regarded as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that this information forms prior art that is publicly known. SUMMARY
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is how to solve the problem that when the gas-liquid phase change is involved in the heat exchange channel, the flow rate of the liquid phase medium is low, and the flow rate of the gas phase medium is high, which will result in a low overall heat exchange coefficient of the heat exchanger.
[0005] The utility model solves the above technical problems by the following technical means:
[0006] The cylinder type heat exchanger involving phase change comprises a plurality of cylinders and a distributor, the cylinders are coaxially connected in sequence, and the distributor is connected to the end of all the cylinders; adjacent odd layers of the cylinders are communicated in the distributor, and adjacent even layers of the cylinders are communicated in the distributor; a first inlet and outlet pipe is arranged in the innermost odd layer, a third inlet and outlet pipe is arranged in the outermost odd layer, and medium one flows in the odd layers; a second inlet and outlet pipe is arranged in the innermost even layer, a fourth inlet and outlet pipe is arranged in the outermost even layer, and medium two flows in the even layers; the size of the gas channel is larger than that of the liquid channel.
[0007] In the utility model, medium one enters the odd layers from the first inlet and outlet pipe and flows out from the third inlet and outlet pipe, medium two enters the even layers from the second inlet and outlet pipe and flows out from the fourth inlet and outlet pipe, and medium one and medium two exchange heat in the flow process in the pipes; in the utility model, the size of the gas channel is larger than that of the liquid channel, the radius of the cylinder is small when the liquid is entered, so as to increase the flow rate; after heat exchange, the medium becomes gaseous, the radius of the cylinder increases, and the flow rate decreases, so as to optimize the heat exchange effect and reduce the efficiency loss caused by the mismatch of the flow rates.
[0008] Preferably, the first cylinder, the second cylinder, the third cylinder and the fourth cylinder are arranged from inside to outside, the first flow channel is formed in the first cylinder, the second flow channel is formed between the first cylinder and the second cylinder, the third flow channel is formed between the second cylinder and the third cylinder, and the fourth flow channel is formed between the third cylinder and the fourth cylinder.
[0009] Preferably, a distributor is connected to one end of all the cylinders, and a sealing head is connected to the other end, the sealing head is connected with a first inlet and outlet pipe and a second inlet and outlet pipe, the first inlet and outlet pipe communicates with the first cylinder, and the second inlet and outlet pipe communicates with the second cylinder.
[0010] Preferably, the third inlet and outlet pipe communicates with the second cylinder after penetrating through the fourth cylinder, and the fourth inlet and outlet pipe directly communicates with the fourth cylinder.
[0011] Preferably, the distributor is in a cylindrical cavity structure, the end of the distributor away from the cylinders is a blind end, and the end close to the distributor comprises a plurality of inlets; the inlets communicating with the cylinders of odd layers are mutually communicated, and the inlets communicating with the cylinders of even layers are mutually communicated.
[0012] Preferably, the distributor comprises a plurality of closed cavities and a plurality of open cavities, the closed cavities are distributed along the circumference at intervals, the open cavities are located between adjacent closed cavities, and the open cavities communicate with the end of the first cylinder.
[0013] Preferably, the outside of the closed cavities is separated from the first cylinder and the third cylinder by a surrounding plate, and the inside of the closed cavities seals the end of the third cylinder by a first sealing plate, and only the second cylinder and the fourth cylinder are communicated.
[0014] Preferably, in the open cavities, the end of the second cylinder is sealed by a second sealing plate, and the end of the fourth cylinder is sealed by a third sealing plate, and only the first cylinder and the third cylinder are communicated.
[0015] Preferably, the distributor comprises four closed cavities and four open cavities.
[0016] The distributor is provided with a structure so that the flow channels of the medium one and the medium two are separated. The flow and counterflow of the medium in different channels are switched through the distributor, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. The medium is uniformly distributed through the distributor, and the effect of uniform heat exchange is realized.
[0017] Preferably, the first inlet and outlet pipe, the second inlet and outlet pipe, the third inlet and outlet pipe and the fourth inlet and outlet pipe are arranged at the end away from the distributor.
[0018] The first inlet and outlet pipe, the second inlet and outlet pipe, the third inlet and outlet pipe and the fourth inlet and outlet pipe are arranged at the end away from the distributor, the heat exchange flow channel can be lengthened, the heat exchange time can be increased, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.
[0019] The utility model discloses the advantages are in:
[0020] In the utility model, medium one enters odd layer from first inlet and outlet pipeline and flows out from third inlet and outlet pipeline, medium two enters even layer from second inlet and outlet pipeline and flows out from fourth inlet and outlet pipeline, medium one and medium two carry out heat exchange in the process of flowing in pipeline, in the utility model, the size of gas passage is greater than the size of liquid passage, the radius of cylinder is smaller when liquid is admitted, so as to improve flow velocity; medium becomes gaseous after heat exchange, the radius of cylinder increases, and flow velocity reduces, so as to optimize heat exchange effect and reduce efficiency loss caused by flow velocity mismatch.
[0021] The distributor is structurally arranged to separate the flow channels of medium one and medium two. The distributor enables the flow of medium in the same direction and the flow in the opposite direction between different channels to switch, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. The distributor uniformly distributes the medium, thereby achieving the effect of uniform heat exchange.
[0022] The first inlet and outlet pipeline, the second inlet and outlet pipeline, the third inlet and outlet pipeline and the fourth inlet and outlet pipeline are arranged at one end away from the distributor, so as to prolong the heat exchange flow channel, increase the heat exchange time and improve the heat exchange efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 is the structure diagram of the phase change cylinder heat exchanger of the embodiment of the utility model;
[0024] Figure 2 is the sectional view of the phase change cylinder heat exchanger of the embodiment of the utility model;
[0025] Figure 3 is the sectional view of the distributor of the embodiment of the utility model;
[0026] Figure 4 is the sectional perspective view of the phase change cylinder heat exchanger of the embodiment of the utility model;
[0027] Figure 5 is the perspective view of the phase change cylinder heat exchanger of the embodiment of the utility model;
[0028] Figure 6 is the structure diagram of the distributor of the embodiment of the utility model;
[0029] Reference numerals in the drawing:
[0030] 1, first cylinder; 11, first inlet and outlet pipeline; 2, second cylinder; 21, second inlet and outlet pipeline; 3, third cylinder; 31, third inlet and outlet pipeline; 4, fourth cylinder; 41, fourth inlet and outlet pipeline;
[0031] 5, distributor; 51, closed cavity; 511, first sealing plate; 52, open cavity; 521, second sealing plate; 522, third sealing plate; 6, end cover; A, first flow channel; B, second flow channel; C, third flow channel; D, fourth flow channel. Detailed Implementation
[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0033] Example 1:
[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the cylindrical heat exchanger involving phase change includes multiple cylinders coaxially nested in sequence and a distributor 5. The distributor 5 is connected to the ends of all cylinders, allowing adjacent odd-numbered layers of cylinders to communicate within the distributor 5, and adjacent even-numbered layers of cylinders to communicate within the distributor 5. A first inlet / outlet pipe 11 is provided in the innermost odd-numbered layer, and a third inlet / outlet pipe 31 is provided in the outermost odd-numbered layer, allowing medium one to flow in the odd-numbered layers. A second inlet / outlet pipe 21 is provided in the innermost even-numbered layer, and a fourth inlet / outlet pipe 41 is provided in the outermost even-numbered layer, allowing medium two to flow in the even-numbered layers. During the flow of medium one and medium two, heat exchange occurs, resulting in a gas-liquid change. Furthermore, for the entire flow path of medium one, the size of the gas channel is larger than the size of the liquid channel. For the entire flow path of medium two, the size of the gas channel is larger than the size of the liquid channel.
[0035] It should be noted that: a gas channel refers to a channel through which a liquid flows after absorbing heat and turning into a gaseous state, or a channel through which the medium itself is a gas; a liquid channel refers to a channel through which a gas flows after releasing heat and turning into a liquid, or a channel through which the medium itself is a liquid.
[0036] Specifically, in this embodiment, the cylindrical heat exchanger involving phase change includes four cylinders, which are, from the inside out, a first cylinder 1, a second cylinder 2, a third cylinder 3, and a fourth cylinder 4. A first flow channel A is formed inside the first cylinder 1, a second flow channel B is formed between the second cylinder 2 and the first cylinder 1, a third flow channel C is formed between the third cylinder 3 and the second cylinder 2, and a fourth flow channel D is formed between the fourth cylinder 4 and the third cylinder 3.
[0037] A distributor 5 is connected to one end of all the cylinders, and a head 6 is connected to the other end. The head 6 is semispherical, and has an avoiding hole, an axial first inlet and outlet pipe 11, and a lateral second inlet and outlet pipe 21. The first inlet and outlet pipe 11 is the end of the first cylinder 1, and is integrally formed with the first cylinder 1. In this embodiment, the first cylinder 1 is located in the innermost layer, and the left end of the first cylinder 1 extends out of the entire cylinder body, and the extended part is the first inlet and outlet pipe 11. The second inlet and outlet pipe 21 communicates with the head 6 and the internal second flow channel B.
[0038] An avoiding hole is formed in the fourth cylinder 4, and an inlet is formed in the second cylinder 2. A third inlet and outlet pipe 31 passes through the avoiding hole of the fourth cylinder 4 and is welded thereto, and the third inlet and outlet pipe 31 is welded to the inlet of the second cylinder 2. Thus, medium one can flow into the first inlet and outlet pipe 11, enter the first flow channel A, enter the distributor 5, enter the third flow channel C, and flow out of the third inlet and outlet pipe 31 (solid line part in the figure).
[0039] The fourth inlet and outlet pipe 41 is directly welded to the fourth cylinder 4. Thus, medium two can flow into the second inlet and outlet pipe 21, enter the second flow channel B, enter the distributor 5, enter the fourth flow channel D, and flow out of the fourth inlet and outlet pipe 41 (dashed line part in the figure).
[0040] The first inlet and outlet pipe 11, the second inlet and outlet pipe 21, the third inlet and outlet pipe 31, and the fourth inlet and outlet pipe 41 are arranged at the end far from the distributor 5, so as to as far as possible to prolong the heat exchange channel and improve the heat exchange efficiency.
[0041] Since phase change of gas-liquid occurs in the heat exchange process, the radius of each layer of channel can be adjusted according to the phase change and flow rate requirement of the medium, but the size of the gas channel is required to be larger than that of the liquid channel. Generally, the gas of medium one exchanges heat with the liquid of medium two.
[0042] It should be noted that, for medium one, the gas channel can be the first cylinder 1 or the third cylinder 3. When the gas channel is the first cylinder 1, the third cylinder 3 is a liquid channel, and vice versa. The same is true for medium two. For example, the first cylinder 1 has a small radius to increase the flow rate when liquid is introduced. After heat exchange, the medium becomes gaseous, and the radius increases when entering the third cylinder 3, so as to reduce the flow rate and optimize the heat exchange effect. If the third cylinder 3 introduces liquid, and the medium becomes gaseous after heat exchange, the radius of the first cylinder 1 increases.
[0043] Each cylinder is made of metal material, has good temperature resistance and pressure resistance, and is fixed by welding or bolt connection between the cylinders, so as to ensure the stability and sealing of the structure. The distributor 5 is connected to each cylinder through the channel, so as to ensure that the medium can be smoothly transferred from one flow channel to another flow channel. The distributor 5 is made of corrosion-resistant material.
[0044] In this embodiment, through a coaxial cylinder structure and specific channel allocation, heat exchange media of different phases can all have appropriate flow velocities, thereby improving the heat transfer coefficient. Compared with traditional heat exchangers, this technical solution can more effectively handle heat exchange processes involving gas-liquid phase change and reduce efficiency losses caused by flow velocity mismatch. This embodiment allows for the adjustment of the inner diameter of each cylinder as needed, thereby reducing costs while ensuring good heat exchange performance.
[0045] Example 2:
[0046] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the distributor 5 includes multiple closed cavities 51 and multiple open cavities 52. The closed cavities 51 are distributed at intervals along the circumference, and the open cavities 52 are located between adjacent closed cavities 51. The open cavities 52 are connected to the end of the first cylinder 1. Figure 4 As shown, there are four closed cavities 51 (within the thick solid lines) and four open cavities 52. The exterior of the closed cavities 51 is separated from the first cylinder 1 and the third cylinder 3 by a surrounding plate. Simultaneously, the interior of the closed cavities 51 is sealed by a first sealing plate 511, allowing flow only between the second cylinder 2 and the fourth cylinder 4. Within the open cavities 52, the end of the second cylinder 2 is sealed by a second sealing plate 521, and the end of the fourth cylinder 4 is sealed by a third sealing plate 522, allowing flow only between the first cylinder 1 and the third cylinder 3.
[0047] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the distributor 5 has a cylindrical cavity structure. The end facing the cylinder includes multiple inlets, while the end away from the cylinder is a closed structure. The interior of the distributor 5 is formed by a surrounding plate, creating a closed cavity 51 and an open cavity 52. (As shown...) Figure 6 As shown, the inlets are arranged in four layers from the inside out. The innermost layer is connected to the first flow channel A, the second layer includes four fan-shaped inlets connected to the second flow channel B, the third layer includes four fan-shaped inlets connected to the third flow channel C, and the outermost layer includes four fan-shaped inlets connected to the fourth flow channel.
[0048] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, medium one can flow in through the first inlet / outlet pipe 11, enter the first flow channel A, and then enter the distributor 5. Due to the separation by the closed cavity 51, medium one can only enter the third flow channel C and finally flow out through the third inlet / outlet pipe 31. Medium two can flow in through the second inlet / outlet pipe 21, enter the second flow channel B, and then enter the distributor 5. Due to the separation by the closed cavity 51, medium two can only enter the fourth flow channel D and flow out through the fourth inlet / outlet pipe 41. Of course, medium one can also enter the first flow channel A through the third flow channel C, and medium two can also enter the second flow channel B through the fourth flow channel D.
[0049] The distributor 5 is provided with a structure so that the flow channels of the medium I and the medium II are separated.
[0050] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples can still be modified, or some technical features can be replaced equivalently; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims
1. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger involving phase change, characterized in that, The application relates to a multi-cylinder medium distribution device, which comprises a plurality of coaxially sleeved cylinders and a distributor; the distributor is connected to the ends of all the cylinders, adjacent odd-numbered layers of the cylinders are communicated in the distributor, adjacent even-numbered layers of the cylinders are communicated in the distributor; a first inlet and outlet pipe is arranged in the innermost odd-numbered layer, a third inlet and outlet pipe is arranged in the outermost odd-numbered layer, and medium one flows in the odd-numbered layers; a second inlet and outlet pipe is arranged in the innermost even-numbered layer, a fourth inlet and outlet pipe is arranged in the outermost even-numbered layer, and medium two flows in the even-numbered layers; the size of a gas passage is larger than that of a liquid passage.
2. The phase change involved shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, From inside to outside, the device comprises a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a third cylinder and a fourth cylinder; a first flow channel is formed in the first cylinder; a second flow channel is formed between the first cylinder and the second cylinder; a third flow channel is formed between the second cylinder and the third cylinder; and a fourth flow channel is formed between the third cylinder and the fourth cylinder.
3. The phase change involved shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that, A distributor is connected to one end of all the cylinders, and a sealing head is connected to the other end; the sealing head is connected with a first inlet and outlet pipe and a second inlet and outlet pipe; the first inlet and outlet pipe is communicated with the first cylinder; and the second inlet and outlet pipe is communicated with the second cylinder.
4. The phase change involved shell and tube heat exchanger as claimed in claim 2 wherein, The third inlet and outlet pipe is communicated with the second cylinder after penetrating through the fourth cylinder; and the fourth inlet and outlet pipe is directly communicated with the fourth cylinder.
5. The phase change involved shell and tube heat exchanger as claimed in claim 2 wherein, The distributor is in a cylindrical cavity structure; the end of the distributor away from the cylinders is a blind end; and the end close to the distributor comprises a plurality of inlets; the inlets communicated with the odd-numbered layers of the cylinders are communicated with each other; and the inlets communicated with the even-numbered layers of the cylinders are communicated with each other.
6. The phase change involved shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that, The distributor comprises a plurality of closed cavities and a plurality of open cavities; the closed cavities are distributed along the circumference at intervals; and the open cavities are located between adjacent closed cavities and are communicated with the ends of the first cylinders.
7. The phase change involved shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outside of the closed cavities is separated from the first and third cylinders by a surrounding plate; and the inside of the closed cavities seals the ends of the third cylinders by a first sealing plate, and only the second and fourth cylinders are communicated.
8. The phase change involved shell and tube heat exchanger as claimed in claim 6 wherein, In the open cavities, the ends of the second cylinders are sealed by a second sealing plate, and the ends of the fourth cylinders are sealed by a third sealing plate, and only the first and third cylinders are communicated.
9. The phase change involved shell and tube heat exchanger as claimed in claim 6 wherein, The distributor comprises four closed cavities and four open cavities.
10. The phase change involved shell and tube heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The first, second, third and fourth inlet and outlet pipes are arranged at the end away from the distributor.