Port current control circuit and system
By introducing a MOSFET control circuit into the port circuit, the power supply path is dynamically adjusted, solving the problems of equipment overload damage and low-load energy waste, and achieving stable equipment operation and power consumption optimization.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520835942.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-04-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing peripheral port circuits cannot dynamically match load demands, leading to equipment overload damage or low-load energy waste.
Add a MOSFET control circuit to the port circuit, including a voltage control circuit and a voltage limiting circuit, and dynamically adjust the power supply path through control signals to ensure that the load demand is matched.
This ensures stable equipment operation, avoids overload damage, and reduces energy consumption under low load conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN223956007U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of circuit, in particular to a port current management circuit and system. BACKGROUND
[0002] The peripheral port of current FTTR, PON, IPTV and other devices generally adopts a fixed current output scheme based on the maximum demand of user external device. With the continuous expansion of electronic product application scenarios and the continuous improvement of user requirements for device power consumption, the current scheme exposes the following problems.
[0003] When the external load exceeds the port bearing limit, it is easy to cause device crash, restart and even hardware damage and other failures; in addition, since the actual load demand of the external device in the daily use of the user is often far lower than the preset threshold, the device port is in a high redundant power supply state for a long time, causing continuous energy waste. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a port current management circuit and system, which aims to solve the technical problems of device overload damage and low load energy waste caused by the inability to dynamically match the load demand in the existing peripheral port circuit.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a port current management circuit, comprising: a power supply circuit and a MOS tube management circuit connected with the power supply circuit; the MOS tube management circuit comprises: a voltage management circuit, comprising a first driving unit and a first switching unit, the control electrode of the first driving unit is used to receive the first control signal output by the control unit through the first signal driving pin, the first electrode is connected with the control end of the first switching unit, and the second electrode is grounded; the first end of the first switching unit is connected with an external power supply, and the second end is connected with a first node and is used to output a first power supply signal; a voltage limiting circuit comprising a second driving unit and a second switching unit, the control electrode of the second driving unit is used to receive the second control signal output by the control unit through the second signal driving pin, the first electrode is connected with the control end of the second switching unit, and the second electrode is grounded; the first end of the second switching unit is connected with an external power supply, and the second end is connected with the first node and is used to output a second power supply signal; one end of the power supply circuit is connected with the first node, and the other end is connected with an external load, and the power supply circuit is used to supply power to the external load through the first power supply signal and the second power supply signal.
[0006] Optionally, the voltage management circuit further comprises: a first isolation capacitor, one end of which is connected with the second end of the first switching unit, and the other end of which is connected with the first node; the voltage limiting circuit further comprises: a second isolation capacitor, one end of which is connected with the second end of the second switching unit, and the other end of which is connected with the first node.
[0007] Optionally, the first driving unit and the second driving unit are triodes, and the first switch unit and the second switch unit are MOS tubes.
[0008] Optionally, the power supply circuit further comprises an energy storage inductor, one end of which is connected to the first node, and the other end of which is connected to the external load.
[0009] Optionally, the voltage control circuit further comprises a first current-limiting resistor, one end of which is connected to the first signal driving pin, and the other end of which is connected to the control electrode of the first driving unit; and a first filter capacitor, one end of which is connected between the first current-limiting resistor and the control electrode of the first driving unit, and the other end of which is grounded.
[0010] Optionally, the voltage control circuit further comprises a second current-limiting resistor, one end of which is connected to an external power supply, and the other end of which is connected to the first electrode of the first driving unit; a second filter capacitor, one end of which is connected to the second node, and the other end of which is connected to the third node; and a third current-limiting resistor, one end of which is connected to the third node, and the other end of which is connected between the second current-limiting resistor and the first electrode of the first driving unit.
[0011] Optionally, the voltage limiting circuit further comprises a fourth current-limiting resistor, one end of which is connected to the second signal driving pin, and the other end of which is connected to the control electrode of the second driving unit; and a third filter capacitor, one end of which is connected between the fourth current-limiting resistor and the control electrode of the second driving unit, and the other end of which is grounded.
[0012] Optionally, the voltage limiting circuit further comprises a fifth current-limiting resistor, one end of which is connected to an external power supply, and the other end of which is connected to the control end of the second switch unit; and a fourth filter capacitor, which is connected in parallel across the fifth current-limiting resistor.
[0013] Optionally, the power supply circuit further comprises a plurality of load filter capacitors, one end of each of which is connected between the energy storage inductor and the external load, and the other end of each of which is grounded.
[0014] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application also provides a port current control system, comprising the port current control circuit and a control unit, wherein the input end of the port current control circuit is connected to the control unit, and the port current control circuit is used for supplying power to the external load through the first control signal and the second control signal output by the control unit.
[0015] The port current management circuit and system provided by the embodiment of the present application adds a MOS tube management circuit in the existing port circuit, the MOS tube management circuit comprises a voltage management circuit and a voltage limiting circuit, when the rated current of the external load is much smaller than the rated current, only the voltage management circuit is connected (the voltage limiting circuit is disconnected), the port load capacity is ensured, and the power consumption of the user is reduced; when the rated current of the external load is smaller than the rated current, the voltage management circuit and the voltage limiting circuit are both connected, and the normal use of the external load is ensured; when the rated current of the external load is greater than the rated current, the voltage management circuit and the voltage limiting circuit are both disconnected, the abnormal operation of the whole machine is prevented, the problems of the damage of the equipment caused by the inability to dynamically match the load demand and the waste of low-load energy in the existing peripheral port circuit are solved, the normal demand of the user is ensured, the power consumption of the whole machine is reduced, and the damage of the equipment caused by the abnormal use of the external load is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 The structure schematic diagram of the existing port circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.
[0017] Figure 2 The first structure schematic diagram of the port current management circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.
[0018] Figure 3 The second structure schematic diagram of the port current management circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.
[0019] The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.
[0021] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "fixation" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; can be direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0022] In addition, if the description of "first", "second" and the like is involved in the embodiments of the present application, the description of "first", "second" and the like is only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can be explicitly or implicitly included at least one of the features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing throughout the text includes three parallel schemes. For example, "A and / or B" includes A scheme, or B scheme, or A and B scheme. In addition, the technical solutions of each embodiment can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of ordinary skilled in the art, when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, nor in the protection scope required by the present application.
[0023] With the upgrading of electronic products, users are increasingly diversified in the use of product scenarios, and thus more concerned about product power consumption. The conventional FTTR, PON, IPTV and other related equipment generally use a design scheme based on the maximum current demand of external equipment in the current design of product ports, such as USB ports. For example, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 An existing port circuit design diagram is shown, one end of the existing port circuit is connected to a power supply, and the other end is connected to an external load, wherein the magnetic bead FB, the first capacitor C1-1, the second capacitor C1-2 and the third capacitor C1-3 are all used to filter the electrical signal input to the external load. The circuit design scheme will bring the following problems in the use process of the equipment:
[0024] Problem one: In most cases, the user's external load is much lower than the upper limit of the port current, resulting in long-term performance and energy waste of fixed current design;
[0025] Problem two: When the external load exceeds the carrying capacity of the device, it may cause the device to crash, restart or even hardware damage, resulting in user loss.
[0026] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a port current control circuit and system, which will be described in detail below.
[0027] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2A first structure diagram of a port current management circuit is provided for an embodiment of the present application. The port current management circuit is connected to a control unit and an external load. The control unit has a first signal driving pin CPU_GPIO_01 and a second signal driving pin CPU_GPIO_02. The control unit outputs a first control signal and a second control signal to control the port current management circuit through the first signal driving pin CPU_GPIO_01 and the second signal driving pin CPU_GPIO_02, respectively. The port current management circuit includes a power supply circuit 200 and a MOS tube management circuit 100 connected to the power supply circuit 200. The MOS tube management circuit can include a voltage management circuit 110 and a voltage limiting circuit 120 connected to the voltage management circuit 110. The control unit can be a master control chip. In other embodiments, the control unit can also be a microcontroller (MCU).
[0028] The first end of the voltage management circuit 110 receives the first control signal, and the second end of the voltage management circuit 110 is connected to a first node N1. The first end of the voltage limiting circuit 120 is connected to the first node N1, and the second end of the voltage limiting circuit 120 receives the second control signal.
[0029] The voltage management circuit 110 includes a first driving unit 111 and a first switching unit 112. The control electrode of the first driving unit 111 receives the first control signal. The first electrode of the first driving unit 111 is connected to the control end of the first switching unit 112, and the second electrode of the first driving unit 111 is grounded. The first end of the first switching unit 112 is connected to an external power supply, and the second end of the first switching unit 112 is connected to the first node N1 and outputs a first power supply signal.
[0030] The voltage limiting circuit 120 includes a second driving unit 121 and a second switching unit 122. The control electrode of the second driving unit 121 receives the second control signal. The first electrode of the second driving unit 121 is connected to the control end of the second switching unit 122, and the second electrode of the second driving unit 121 is grounded. The first end of the second switching unit 122 is connected to an external power supply, and the second end of the second switching unit 122 is connected to the first node N1 and outputs a second control signal. The external power supply can be a 5.5V DC power supply.
[0031] It should be noted that the voltage management circuit 110 and the voltage limiting circuit 120 are used to supply power to the external load through the power supply circuit 200.
[0032] When the required current of the external load is far less than the rated current, in order to reduce the energy loss, the control unit outputs a first control signal as high level through the first signal driving pin CPU_GPIO_01 in the embodiment, the first driving unit 111 and the first switching unit 112 are turned on, and the first switching unit 112 outputs a first power supply signal; the control unit outputs a second control signal as low level through the second signal driving pin CPU_GPIO_02, the second driving unit 121 and the second switching unit 122 are turned off, and then the power supply circuit 200 supplies power to the external load based on the first power supply signal.
[0033] For example, when the rated current of the external load is 2A and the required current of the user (the current of the external load used by the user) is 1A, the embodiment can supply power to the external load based on the first power supply signal by turning on the first switching unit 112 and turning off the second switching unit 122 (the current generated by the second switching unit 122 does not flow into the load end), which guarantees the port load capacity and reduces the power consumption.
[0034] When the required current of the external load is close to the rated current, the embodiment sets the first control signal and the second control signal as high level, and then the first switching unit 112 and the second switching unit 122 are turned on, and the power supply circuit 200 supplies power to the external load based on the first power supply signal and the second power supply signal.
[0035] For example, when the rated current of the external load is 2A and the required current of the user is greater than 1A and less than 2A, the embodiment can supply power to the external load based on the first power supply signal and the second power supply signal by turning on the first switching unit 112 and turning on the second switching unit 122, which guarantees the normal use of the external load.
[0036] When the required current of the external load is greater than the rated current, in order to prevent the abnormal operation of the whole machine, the embodiment sets the first control signal and the second control signal as low level, turns off the first switching unit 112 and the second switching unit 122, and cuts off the power supply of the MOS tube control circuit 100 to the external load, thereby guaranteeing the stable operation of the whole machine. In addition, when the required current of the external load falls below the rated current, the first driving unit 111 turns on and drives the first switching unit 112, and the external load is normally powered again.
[0037] It can be understood that the embodiment increases the MOS tube control circuit in the existing port circuit, guarantees the normal demand of the user, reduces the power consumption of the whole machine, and avoids the damage of the equipment caused by the abnormal use of the external load.
[0038] Based on the above embodiment, Figure 3 Fig. 2 is a second structural schematic diagram of a port current control circuit according to an embodiment of the present application, Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a third structural schematic diagram of a port current control circuit based on the second structural schematic diagram of the port current control circuit.Figure 2 The corresponding port current management circuit. In the exemplary embodiment, the first driving unit 111 and the second driving unit 121 can be triodes, and specifically can be N-type triodes, i.e. the first triode Q1 and the second triode Q3 in the figure; the first switch unit 112 and the second switch unit 122 can be MOS tubes, and specifically can be P-type MOS tubes, i.e. the first MOS tube Q2 and the second MOS tube Q4 in the figure. Of course, in other embodiments, the first switch unit 112 and the second switch unit 122 can also be other power semiconductor devices, for example can be IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors), and the first driving unit 111 and the second driving unit 121 can also be other power driving devices. Figure 3
[0039] It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the control electrode of the first triode Q1 and the second triode Q3 can be the base, the first electrode can be the base electrode, and the second electrode can be the emitter. Of course, in other embodiments, the first electrode can also be the emitter, and the second electrode can also be the base. Correspondingly, the control end of the first MOS tube Q2 and the second MOS tube Q4 can be the gate, the first end can be the source, and the second end can be the drain. Of course, in other embodiments, the first end can also be the drain, and the second end can also be the source.
[0040] Please refer to Figure 3 In the present embodiment, the voltage management circuit 110 further comprises a first isolation capacitor C11 and a second isolation capacitor C12. One end of the first isolation capacitor C11 is connected to the second end of the first switch unit 112, and the other end of the first isolation capacitor C11 is connected to the first node N1; one end of the second isolation capacitor C12 is connected to the second end of the second switch unit 122, and the other end of the second isolation capacitor C12 is connected to the first node N1.
[0041] It can be understood that the first isolation capacitor C11 and the second isolation capacitor C2 are isolation capacitors of the first switch unit 112 and the second switch unit 122 respectively.
[0042] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 The voltage control circuit 110 in the embodiment further includes a first current-limiting resistor R1, a first filter capacitor C1, a second current-limiting resistor R2, a second filter capacitor C2, and a third current-limiting resistor R3. One end of the first current-limiting resistor R1 is connected to the first signal driving pin, and the other end of the first current-limiting resistor R1 is connected to the control electrode of the first driving unit 111. One end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected between the first current-limiting resistor R1 and the control electrode of the first driving unit 111, and the other end of the first filter capacitor C1 is grounded. One end of the second current-limiting resistor R2 is connected to an external power supply, and the other end of the second current-limiting resistor R2 is connected to the first electrode of the first driving unit 111. One end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected to the second node N2, and the other end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected to the third node N3. One end of the third current-limiting resistor R3 is connected to the third node N3, and the other end of the third current-limiting resistor R3 is connected between the second current-limiting resistor R2 and the first electrode of the first driving unit 111.
[0043] The voltage limiting circuit 120 in the embodiment further includes a fourth current-limiting resistor R4, a third filter capacitor C3, a fifth current-limiting resistor R5, a fourth filter capacitor C4, and a first resistor R21. One end of the fourth current-limiting resistor R4 is connected to the second signal driving pin CPU_GPIO_02, and the other end of the fourth current-limiting resistor R4 is connected to the control electrode of the second driving unit 121. One end of the third filter capacitor C3 is connected between the fourth current-limiting resistor R4 and the control electrode of the second driving unit 121, and the other end of the third filter capacitor C3 is grounded. One end of the fifth current-limiting resistor R5 is connected to an external power supply, and the other end of the fifth current-limiting resistor R5 is connected to the control terminal of the second switching unit 122. The fourth filter capacitor C4 is connected in parallel across the fifth current-limiting resistor R5. One end of the first resistor R21 is connected to the second end of the second switching unit 122, and the other end of the first resistor R21 is grounded.
[0044] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 The power supply circuit in the embodiment includes an energy storage inductor L1 and a plurality of load filter capacitors. One end of the energy storage inductor L1 is connected to the first node N1, and the other end of the energy storage inductor L1 is connected to an external load. One end of each load filter capacitor is connected between the energy storage inductor and the external load, and the other end of each load filter capacitor is grounded. For example, there are three capacitors, which are load filter capacitor C21, load filter capacitor C22, and load filter capacitor C23.
[0045] It should be noted that the energy storage inductor L1 is used to bear the peak current of the external load, and the rated current value is set according to the maximum current required by the external load, i.e., the rated current of the external load. In addition, the energy storage inductor L1 can also serve as the energy storage inductor of the external load.
[0046] The port current management circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application increases the MOS tube management circuit in the existing port circuit, the MOS tube management circuit includes a voltage management circuit and a voltage limiting circuit, when the rated current of the external load is much smaller than the rated current, only the voltage management circuit is connected (the voltage limiting circuit is disconnected), the port load capacity is ensured, and the power consumption of the user is reduced; when the rated current of the external load is smaller than the rated current, the voltage management circuit and the voltage limiting circuit are both connected, and the normal use of the external load is ensured; when the rated current of the external load is greater than the rated current, the voltage management circuit and the voltage limiting circuit are both disconnected, the abnormal operation of the whole machine is prevented, the problems of the overloading damage of the equipment and the energy waste of the low load caused by the inability to dynamically match the load demand in the existing peripheral port circuit are solved, the normal demand of the user is ensured, the power consumption of the whole machine is reduced, and the damage of the equipment caused by the abnormal use of the external load is avoided.
[0047] Another embodiment of the present application also provides a port current management system, which can include a port current management circuit and a control unit, wherein the input end of the port current management circuit is connected with the control unit, and the port current management circuit is used for supplying power to the external load by the first control signal and the second control signal output by the control unit.
[0048] In the specific implementation process, according to the size relationship between the required current and the rated current of the external load, when the control unit pin CPU_GPIO_01 outputs the first control signal as low level and the control unit pin CPU_GPIO_02 outputs the second control signal as low level, the port current management circuit stops working, that is, stops supplying power to the external load; when the control unit pin CPU_GPIO_01 outputs the first control signal as high level and the control unit pin CPU_GPIO_02 outputs the second control signal as high level, and when the control unit pin CPU_GPIO_01 outputs the first control signal as high level and the control unit pin CPU_GPIO_02 outputs the second control signal as high level, the port current management circuit normally works and supplies power to the external load.
[0049] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application, and any equivalent structure or equivalent flow transformation by using the content of the specification and the drawings of the present application, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A port current control circuit, characterized in that, include: A power supply circuit and a MOSFET control circuit connected to the power supply circuit; The MOSFET control circuit includes: The voltage control circuit includes a first driving unit and a first switching unit. The control terminal of the first driving unit is used to receive a first control signal output by the control unit through a first signal driving pin. The first terminal is connected to the control terminal of the first switching unit, and the second terminal is grounded. The first terminal of the first switching unit is connected to an external power supply, and the second terminal is connected to a first node and used to output a first power supply signal. The voltage limiting circuit includes a second driving unit and a second switching unit. The control terminal of the second driving unit is used to receive the second control signal output by the control unit through the second signal driving pin. The first terminal is connected to the control terminal of the second switching unit, and the second terminal is grounded. The first terminal of the second switching unit is connected to an external power supply, and the second terminal is connected to the first node and used to output a second power supply signal. One end of the power supply circuit is connected to the first node, and the other end is connected to an external load. The power supply circuit is used to supply power to the external load through the first power supply signal and the second power supply signal.
2. The port current policing circuit of claim 1, wherein, The voltage control circuit further includes: a first isolation capacitor, one end of which is connected to the second end of the first switching unit, and the other end of which is connected to the first node; The voltage limiting circuit further includes a second isolation capacitor, one end of which is connected to the second terminal of the second switching unit, and the other end of which is connected to the first node.
3. The port current policing circuit of claim 2, wherein, The first driving unit and the second driving unit are transistors, and the first switching unit and the second switching unit are MOSFETs.
4. The port current management circuit of claim 1, wherein, The power supply circuit further includes an energy storage inductor, one end of which is connected to the first node and the other end of which is connected to the external load.
5. The port current management circuit of claim 1, wherein, The voltage control circuit also includes: The first current-limiting resistor has one end connected to the first signal driving pin and the other end connected to the control electrode of the first driving unit. The first filter capacitor has one end connected between the first current-limiting resistor and the control electrode of the first drive unit, and the other end grounded.
6. The port current policing circuit of claim 5, wherein, The voltage control circuit also includes: The second current-limiting resistor has one end connected to an external power supply and the other end connected to the first pole of the first driving unit. The second filter capacitor has one end connected to the second node and the other end connected to the third node. The third current-limiting resistor has one end connected to the third node and the other end connected between the second current-limiting resistor and the first pole of the first driving unit.
7. The port current management circuit of claim 1, wherein, The voltage limiting circuit also includes: The fourth current-limiting resistor has one end connected to the second signal drive pin and the other end connected to the control electrode of the second drive unit; The third filter capacitor has one end connected between the fourth current-limiting resistor and the control electrode of the second drive unit, and the other end grounded.
8. The port current policing circuit of claim 7, wherein, The voltage limiting circuit also includes: The fifth current-limiting resistor has one end connected to an external power supply and the other end connected to the control terminal of the second switching unit. The fourth filter capacitor is connected in parallel across the fifth current-limiting resistor.
9. The port current management circuit of claim 4, wherein, The power supply circuit also includes: multiple load filter capacitors, one end of which is connected between the energy storage inductor and the external load, and the other end is grounded.
10. A port current management system, comprising: include: Port current control circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9; Control unit; The input end of the port current control circuit is connected with the control unit, and the port current control circuit is controlled by the first control signal and the second control signal output by the control unit to supply power to the external load.