Pulse power supply circuit

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of nuclear fusion, and discloses a pulse power supply circuit, which comprises a plurality of pulse power supply modules connected between a first external power supply and a load, each pulse power supply module comprises a charging circuit and a first high-voltage energy storage capacitor, the charging circuit is connected with the first external power supply, and the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor is connected with the first external power supply. Two ends of the first high-voltage energy-storage capacitor are connected with two ends of the load; the at least one bleeder circuit is connected with the output end of the pulse power supply module through a bleeder switch and is used for discharging excess energy in the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor; and the plurality of discharge reverse prevention units are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of pulse power supply modules, are connected to the two ends of the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor, and are connected with the discharge circuit through the discharge switches. While high-voltage large-current output is realized, current loops among the pulse power supply modules during discharging and discharging can be independent, decoupling among the pulse power supply modules is realized, and the safety of the pulse power supply modules is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of controllable nuclear fusion, in particular to a pulse power supply circuit. BACKGROUND

[0002] The compact toroid is a high-density plasma group formed by ionization of gas by a high-voltage pulse power supply, which has the characteristics of stable structure, long service life, high density and high speed, and can be used as a technical means for feeding a fusion reactor core.

[0003] The power supply of the compact toroid feeding device has special requirements such as high voltage, large current and fast rising rate. In order to improve the density and speed of the output plasma of the compact toroid, the matched pulse power supply needs to meet the requirements of high voltage, large current and fast rising front discharge, and also needs to meet the safety requirements of the power supply circuit during and after discharge. The existing pulse power supply cannot meet the above requirements of the power supply of the compact toroid feeding device.

[0004] Therefore, how to meet the requirements of the power supply of the compact toroid feeding device has become a technical problem to be solved. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides a pulse power supply circuit to solve the technical problem of how to meet the requirements of the power supply of the compact toroid feeding device in the related art.

[0006] The present application provides a pulse power supply circuit, comprising: a plurality of pulse power supply modules connected between a first external power supply and a load, each pulse power supply module comprising a charging circuit and a first high-voltage energy storage capacitor, wherein the charging circuit is connected to the first external power supply, and the two ends of the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor are connected to the two ends of the load; at least one discharge circuit connected to the output end of the plurality of pulse power supply modules through a discharge switch, for discharging excess energy in the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor; a plurality of discharge anti-reverse units corresponding to the plurality of pulse power supply modules, connected to the two ends of the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor and connected to the discharge circuit through the discharge switch.

[0007] In an embodiment, a gas switch is connected between each pulse power supply module and the load, and the gas switch is provided with a synchronous trigger circuit.

[0008] In an embodiment, the synchronous trigger circuit comprises: a first high-voltage power supply, a pulse forming line and a short-circuit switch, wherein the first high-voltage power supply is connected to the pulse forming line to charge the pulse forming line; the short-circuit switch is connected between the positive and negative electrodes of the pulse forming line to short-circuit the pulse forming line; and the end of the pulse forming line is connected to the gas switch.

[0009] In an embodiment, the first high-voltage power supply comprises a first charging switch, a rectifier circuit and a second high-voltage energy storage capacitor connected in series, and the two ends of the second high-voltage energy storage capacitor are connected to the positive and negative poles of the beginning end of the pulse forming line, respectively.

[0010] In an embodiment, the synchronous trigger circuit further comprises a short-circuit switch trigger circuit connected to the short-circuit switch, for triggering the short-circuit switch to conduct, so as to short-circuit the positive and negative poles of the beginning end of the pulse forming line.

[0011] In an embodiment, the short-circuit switch trigger circuit comprises a second high-voltage power supply and a switch driving circuit connected between the second high-voltage power supply and the short-circuit switch, and the switch driving circuit conducts the connection between the second high-voltage power supply and the short-circuit switch under the trigger of a driving signal.

[0012] In an embodiment, the pulse power supply circuit further comprises a load protection circuit connected in parallel to the load.

[0013] In an embodiment, the load protection circuit comprises a bypass resistance and a bypass inductance connected in series.

[0014] In an embodiment, the charging circuit comprises a first charging current-limiting resistance and a charging anti-reverse unit connected in series between the first external power supply and the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor.

[0015] In an embodiment, a second charging switch is arranged between the pulse power supply module and the first external power supply, and all the pulse power supply modules share the second charging switch.

[0016] The present application has at least the following technical effects:

[0017] The pulse power supply circuit comprises: a plurality of pulse power supply modules connected between a first external power supply and a load, each of the pulse power supply modules comprising a charging circuit and a first high-voltage energy storage capacitor, wherein the charging circuit is connected to the first external power supply, and two ends of the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor are connected to two ends of the load; at least one discharge circuit connected to output ends of the plurality of pulse power supply modules through a discharge switch to discharge excess energy in the pulse power supply modules; and a plurality of discharge anti-reverse units corresponding to the plurality of pulse power supply modules, connected to two ends of the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor and connected to the discharge circuit through the discharge switch. The plurality of pulse power supply modules achieve high-voltage and large-current output through parallel connection and / or series connection, and the output current value can be increased by increasing the number of parallel connections, and the output voltage value can be increased by increasing the number of series connections. The discharge circuit timely discharges the remaining energy in the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor to ensure the safety of the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor, and the discharge anti-reverse unit corresponding to each pulse power supply module and the discharge circuit can make the current loop independent during discharging and discharging among the pulse power supply modules, realize decoupling among the pulse power supply modules, and prevent the formation of circulating current in other pulse power supply modules when discharging or discharging of any pulse power supply module is abnormal, thereby achieving high-voltage and large-current output while ensuring the safety of each pulse power supply module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or prior art of the present application, the drawings needed in the specific embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 is a circuit principle schematic diagram of a pulse power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a circuit principle schematic diagram of a synchronous trigger circuit of a gas switch in a pulse power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the pulse power supply circuit provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a plurality of pulse power supply modules 10 and at least one discharge circuit 20, wherein the plurality of pulse power supply modules 10 are connected between a first external power supply U1 and a load 30, the plurality of pulse power supply modules 10 can be connected in parallel, can be connected in series, or can be connected in a mixed manner of parallel and series, and the specific connection manner can be selected according to the actual required current and voltage. In this embodiment, the pulse power supply circuit is taken as an example in which the plurality of pulse power supply modules 10 are connected in parallel.

[0023] The pulse power supply module 10 comprises a charging circuit 11 and a first high-voltage energy storage capacitor C1, wherein the charging circuit 11 is connected with the first external power supply U1, and the two ends of the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor C1 are connected with the two ends of the load 30. The at least one discharge circuit 20 is connected with the output end of the pulse power supply module 10 through a discharge switch K1, and discharges the excess energy in the pulse power supply module 10. The pulse power supply circuit further comprises a plurality of discharge anti-reverse units 12, which correspond to the pulse power supply modules 10 one by one, are connected at the two ends of the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor C1, and are connected with the discharge circuit 20 through the discharge switch K1.

[0024] In this embodiment, the discharge circuit 20 can be one, for example, all the pulse power supply modules 10 use the same discharge circuit 20 to discharge the excess energy in the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor C1, or the discharge circuit 20 can be multiple, for example, one-to-one correspondence with the pulse power supply modules 10, or two or more pulse power supply modules 10 share one discharge circuit 20, so as to reduce the requirement of the discharge circuit 20 on the discharge device and enable independent discharge.

[0025] In this application, the plurality of pulse power supply modules 10 realize high-voltage and large-current output through parallel and / or series connection, at the same time, the output current value can be improved by increasing the number of parallel connection, and the output voltage value can be improved by increasing the number of series connection. The discharge circuit 20 discharges the excess energy in the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor C1 in time to ensure the safety of the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor C1, and the discharge anti-reverse unit 12 is arranged one by one between each pulse power supply module 10 and the discharge circuit 20, so as to enable the current loop to be independent during discharge and discharge among the pulse power supply modules 10, realize decoupling among the pulse power supply modules 10, and prevent the formation of circulating current in other pulse power supply modules 10 when any pulse power supply module 10 discharges or discharges abnormally, so as to realize high-voltage and large-current output while ensuring the safety of the pulse power supply modules 10.

[0026] In one embodiment, the discharge circuit 20 can include a discharge switch K1 and a discharge resistor R connected in series at the output of the pulse power module 10, when the discharge switch K1 is on, the residual energy in the first high voltage storage capacitor C1 is discharged through the discharge resistor R.

[0027] The discharge anti-reverse unit can include a discharge anti-reverse diode D11 and a discharge current limiting resistor R11 connected in series, wherein the anode of the discharge anti-reverse diode D11 is connected to the anode of the first high voltage storage capacitor C1, and the discharge current limiting resistor R11 is connected to the discharge switch K1 of the discharge circuit 20.

[0028] The charging circuit 11 includes a first charging current limiting resistor R1 and a charging anti-reverse unit D1 connected in series between the first external power supply U1 and the first high voltage storage capacitor C1.

[0029] The second charging switch K2 is provided between the pulse power module 10 and the first external power supply U1, and all the pulse power modules 10 share the second charging switch, so that all the first high voltage storage capacitors C1 can be charged at the same time.

[0030] In one embodiment, since the compact ring is a high-density plasma group formed by the ionization of gas by the high-voltage pulse power supply, the pulse power supply is discharged to the gas, and when the pulse power supply is discharged and the load 30 is not ionized by breakdown, the load 30 appears as an open circuit state, and the energy in the first high-voltage storage capacitor C1 can impact other devices in the circuit. Therefore, in this embodiment, a load protection circuit 40 is connected in parallel across the load 30, and when the pulse power supply is discharged and the load 30 is not ionized by breakdown, the discharge current can form a discharge loop through the load protection circuit 40, preventing the impact on other devices in the circuit and preventing damage to the pulse power supply.

[0031] In one embodiment, the load protection circuit 40 includes a bypass resistor Rload and a bypass inductor L connected in series, and when the pulse power supply is discharged and the load 30 is not ionized by breakdown, i.e. when the load is abnormal, the discharge current forms a current loop through the bypass resistor Rload and the bypass inductor L, preventing the pulse power supply from being damaged.

[0032] In an embodiment, the discharge current of the pulse power supply of the compact ring charging device needs to meet a fast rising edge, for example, needs to reach 60kA / us and above, the switching speed of the general power electronic device is difficult to meet the fast rising edge requirement, therefore, in order to meet the fast rising edge of the discharge current, in the embodiment, a gas switch T1 can be used as the loop main switch of the pulse power supply to meet the requirement of short turn-on time and fast current rising rate of the power supply. For example, each pulse power supply module 10 and the load 30 are connected with the gas switch T1, in order to ensure the synchronous triggering of the gas switch T1 to make the pulse power supply output high voltage and large current, the gas switch T1 of each pulse power supply module 10 corresponds to a synchronous triggering circuit 50 to synchronously trigger each gas switch T1.

[0033] In an embodiment, the synchronous triggering circuit 50 includes a first high-voltage power supply 51, a pulse forming line LN and a short-circuit switch S1, wherein the first high-voltage power supply 51 is connected with the pulse forming line LN to charge the pulse forming line LN; the short-circuit switch S1 is connected between the positive and negative poles of the initial end of the pulse forming line LN to short-circuit the pulse forming line LN; the terminal end of the pulse forming line LN is connected with the gas switch T1 through a DC blocking capacitor CL. The number of the pulse forming lines LN is the same as the number of the gas switches T1, which is used to output a high-voltage trigger pulse to the corresponding gas switch T1 to trigger the gas switch T1 to synchronously conduct.

[0034] In the embodiment, the output end of the first high-voltage power supply 51 is connected with the pulse forming line LN, when the first high-voltage power supply 51 discharges, the pulse forming line LN is charged, when the voltage on the pulse forming line LN reaches a set voltage, the short-circuit switch S1 is triggered to conduct to short-circuit the positive and negative poles of the initial end of the pulse forming line LN, break the original charge balance, the voltage starts to change, the incident electromagnetic wave is formed in the pulse forming line LN, and the electromagnetic wave propagates along the pulse forming line at a speed v. Due to the load characteristics of the terminal end of the pulse forming line LN, when the electromagnetic wave propagates to the terminal end, reflection occurs to form a reflected electromagnetic wave. According to the transmission line theory, the incident electromagnetic wave and the reflected electromagnetic wave are superimposed to form a resultant voltage on the positive and negative poles of the terminal end of the pulse forming line LN: wherein, V AB is the output voltage of the terminal end of the pulse forming line LN, V0 is the charging voltage on the pulse forming line, τ=L / Z0, L is the inductance of the short-circuit loop, and Z0 is the characteristic impedance of the pulse forming line LN.

[0035] In the time of (l / v, 3l / v), the electromagnetic wave completes one-way propagation and reflection superposition to finally output a high-voltage pulse with a fast rising edge, wherein l is the length of the pulse forming line LN, and v is the propagation speed of the electromagnetic wave in the pulse forming line LN.

[0036] In an embodiment, the first high-voltage power supply 51 can adopt a high-voltage capacitor to directly discharge to form a high-voltage output. In this embodiment, the first high-voltage power supply 51 can include a first charging switch K3, a first rectifier circuit D2, and a second high-voltage energy storage capacitor C2 connected in series. The two ends of the second high-voltage energy storage capacitor C2 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the pulse forming line LN.

[0037] The first high-voltage power supply 51 is powered by a second external power supply U2, which can be a commercial power supply. The input end of the first high-voltage power supply 51 is connected to the commercial power supply. The commercial power supply is connected to the second high-voltage energy storage capacitor C2 through a first transformer, a first charging switch K3, a second charging current-limiting resistor R2, and a first rectifier module D2. When charging, the first charging switch K3 is closed. The commercial power supply is boosted by the first transformer, rectified by the first rectifier module D2, and limited by the second charging current-limiting resistor R2 to charge the second high-voltage energy storage capacitor C2. At the same time, the discharge current-limiting resistor can supply power to the pulse forming line LN, so that the voltage between the positive and negative poles of the pulse forming line LN reaches the voltage between the two ends of the second high-voltage energy storage capacitor C2, such as 20kV, 30kV, 60kV, etc. The specific voltage is determined according to the discharge requirements of the first high-voltage power supply 51, as well as the rated voltage of each capacitor in the second high-voltage energy storage capacitor C2 and the series-parallel connection relationship. At this time, the pulse forming line LN serves as an energy storage unit to store electric field energy.

[0038] Since the short-circuit switch S1 action characteristic can affect the pulse waveform in the pulse forming line LN, in order to realize the rapid conduction of multiple pulse forming lines LN to trigger energy release and form a synchronous high-voltage trigger pulse, in this embodiment, the synchronous trigger circuit 50 further includes a short-circuit switch trigger circuit 52 connected to the short-circuit switch S1 for triggering the short-circuit switch S1 to conduct to short-circuit the positive and negative poles of the pulse forming line LN.

[0039] The short-circuit switch trigger circuit 52 includes a second high-voltage power supply 521 and a switch driving circuit 522 connected between the second high-voltage power supply 521 and the short-circuit switch S1. The switch driving circuit 522 conducts the connection between the second high-voltage power supply 521 and the short-circuit switch S1 under the trigger of a driving signal. The switch driving circuit 522 can adopt a controllable switch such as a thyristor, a silicon-controlled rectifier, etc. When the controllable switch is turned on, the second high-voltage power supply 521 discharges to the short-circuit switch S1 to trigger the short-circuit switch S1 to conduct to short-circuit the positive and negative poles of the pulse forming line LN.

[0040] In an embodiment, the second high-voltage power supply 521 can also directly discharge a high-voltage capacitor to form a high-voltage output, and is powered by a third external power supply U3. For example, the third external power supply U3 can be a commercial power supply. The input end of the second high-voltage power supply 521 is connected to the commercial power supply. The commercial power supply is connected to a third high-voltage energy storage capacitor C3 through a second transformer, a third charging current-limiting resistor R3, and a second rectifier module D3. The third high-voltage energy storage capacitor C3 is connected to a short-circuit switch S1 through a control switch. When the short-circuit switch S1 needs to be turned on, the control switch is turned on under the driving of a driving signal received by the control end of the control switch. The third high-voltage energy storage capacitor C3 discharges to the short-circuit switch S1. The short-circuit switch S1 shorts the positive and negative poles of the start end of each pulse forming line LN to realize the synchronous triggering of each pulse forming line LN.

[0041] In order to ensure the timeliness of the action of the short-circuit switch S1 and improve the speed of the rising edge of the high-voltage pulse trigger signal output by the pulse forming line LN, in the embodiment, the short-circuit switch S1 can be a gas switch.

[0042] The serial numbers of the above-described embodiments of the present application are only for description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0043] The above-described device embodiments are only schematic, for example, the division of units is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the shown or discussed units can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, units or modules, and can be electrical or other forms.

[0044] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place or distributed on a plurality of network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme provided in the embodiment.

[0045] In addition, the functional units in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or software functional unit.

[0046] In the above-described embodiments of the present application, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis, and the parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0047] The above merely preferred embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, can make several improvements and refinements, these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A pulse power supply circuit, characterized in that, include: Multiple pulse power modules are connected between a first external power supply and a load. Each pulse power module includes a charging circuit and a first high-voltage energy storage capacitor. The charging circuit is connected to the first external power supply, and the two ends of the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor are connected to the two ends of the load. At least one discharge circuit is connected to the output terminal of the plurality of pulse power modules through a discharge switch to discharge excess energy in the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor; Multiple discharge anti-reverse units, each corresponding to one of the multiple pulse power modules, are connected to the two ends of the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor and are connected to the discharge circuit through the discharge switch.

2. The pulse power supply circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the pulse power modules and the load is connected to a gas switch, and the gas switch is equipped with a synchronous triggering circuit.

3. The pulse power supply circuit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The synchronous triggering circuit includes: a first high-voltage power supply, a pulse forming line, and a short-circuit switch, wherein... The first high-voltage power supply is connected to the pulse forming line to charge the pulse forming line; the short-circuit switch is connected between the positive and negative terminals at the beginning of the pulse forming line to short-circuit the pulse forming line; the end of the pulse forming line is connected to the gas switch.

4. The pulse power supply circuit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first high-voltage power supply includes a first charging switch, a rectifier circuit, and a second high-voltage energy storage capacitor connected in series. The two ends of the second high-voltage energy storage capacitor are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the starting end of the pulse forming line.

5. The pulse power supply circuit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The synchronous triggering circuit also includes: A short-circuit switch trigger circuit, connected to the short-circuit switch, is used to trigger the short-circuit switch to conduct, so as to short-circuit the positive and negative terminals at the beginning of the pulse forming line.

6. The pulse power supply circuit as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The short-circuit switch triggering circuit includes: a second high-voltage power supply and a switch driving circuit. The switch driving circuit is connected between the second high-voltage power supply and the short-circuit switch. The switch driving circuit conducts the connection between the second high-voltage power supply and the short-circuit switch when triggered by a driving signal.

7. The pulse power supply circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A load protection circuit is connected in parallel with the load.

8. The pulse power supply circuit as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The load protection circuit includes a bypass resistor and a bypass inductor connected in series.

9. The pulse power supply circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The charging circuit includes a first charging current-limiting resistor and a charging reverse protection unit connected in series between the first external power supply and the first high-voltage energy storage capacitor.

10. The pulse power supply circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A second charging switch is provided between the pulse power module and the first external power supply, and all pulse power modules share the second charging switch.

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