Blind-shot-prevention charging structure for weakening hard rock through underground deep hole blasting

Abstract

The utility model provides an anti-blind-shot charging structure for weakening hard rock through underground deep hole blasting, the anti-blind-shot charging structure for weakening hard rock through underground deep hole blasting comprises a blocking section and a charging section, a detonating cord is arranged on the blocking section and the charging section in a penetrating mode, a first detonating unit is arranged on the detonating cord located on the blocking section, and a second detonating unit is arranged on the detonating cord located on the charging section. And an energy gathering cavity of the first detonating unit is arranged towards the charging section. According to the technical scheme, the one-way detonation propagation property of the detonating cord can prevent detonation waves from being propagated to the blocking section, and it is guaranteed that the blocking structure cannot be damaged when explosive is ignited. Once misfire occurs, the detonating cord at the orifice is connected with the digital electronic detonator to detonate the explosive again, so that the misfire treatment time is greatly shortened; and the operation is very convenient while the blasting reliability is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of downhole blasting technology, and in particular to a charge structure for downhole deep-hole blasting to weaken hard rock and prevent blind blasting. Background Technology

[0002] During long-term geological evolution, coal seams have suffered extensive structural damage due to syn- and epi-genetic processes. Mining in structurally complex areas reveals the widespread development of faults and collapse columns. In areas with dense faults, the rock mass is fractured and has low strength, allowing tunneling equipment to advance smoothly. However, when encountering large-scale faults or collapse columns, the high-strength surrounding rock forms a continuous barrier, severely restricting mining efficiency. To improve fully mechanized mining efficiency, horizontal medium- and deep-hole pre-splitting blasting is often used to pre-weaken the hard rock mass.

[0003] Misfires can occur during traditional blasting operations due to various reasons. The main reason is that the digital electronic detonator fails to detonate, and the explosive is not ignited.

[0004] When working in deep holes in the well, the digital electronic detonator leads can easily be damaged due to the long working time, thus preventing the digital electronic detonator from being detonated;

[0005] When dealing with blind deep-hole blasting, using water to drain the material from the hole is time-consuming, laborious, and dangerous.

[0006] Once a misfire occurs, the residual explosive in the misfire greatly increases safety hazards, reduces fully mechanized mining efficiency, increases the amount of secondary blasting work, and delays the construction period. Misfires are a safety hazard that cannot be ignored in underground deep-hole blasting operations, and corresponding measures must be taken to prevent their occurrence and detonation.

[0007] The charge structure directly affects the propagation state of the explosive. An unreasonable charge structure may cause the propagation process of the explosive to be interrupted, resulting in a misfire. Utility Model Content

[0008] This application provides a charging structure for preventing blind blasting in deep-hole blasting of hard rock, in order to shorten the time for handling blind blasts.

[0009] This application provides a charging structure for preventing blind blasting in deep-hole blasting of weakened hard rock, comprising: a plugging section and a charging section, wherein...

[0010] Both the blocking section and the charging section are equipped with detonating cords.

[0011] A first detonation unit is installed on the detonating cord located in the blocked section.

[0012] The shaped charge cavity of the first detonation unit is positioned facing the charge section.

[0013] In the above technical solution, by setting up a blocking section and a charging section, and by installing detonating cords on the blocking section and the charging section, a first detonation unit is set on the detonating cord located in the blocking section, and the shaped charge cavity of the first detonation unit is set facing the charging section; while enhancing the reliability of blasting, the operation is also very convenient.

[0014] In one specific implementation scheme, the first detonation unit is a digital electronic detonator.

[0015] In one specific implementation, the first detonation unit includes at least two of the digital electronic detonators.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the distance between the first detonation unit and the end of the adjacent charge section is at least 30 cm.

[0017] In one specific implementation scheme, a second detonating unit is provided on the detonating cord located in the blocked section, wherein,

[0018] The shaped charge cavity of the second detonation unit is positioned facing the charge section.

[0019] In one specific implementation scheme, the second detonation unit is a digital electronic detonator.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the second detonation unit includes at least two of the digital electronic detonators.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the distance between the second detonation unit and the end of the blocking section furthest from the charge section is at least 20 cm.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the charge section is filled with powdered emulsion explosive.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the blocking section is filled with blasting mud. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the charge structure for deep-hole blasting of weakened hard rock with anti-blind blasting provided in this application embodiment (normal detonation);

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the charge structure for preventing blind blasting in deep-hole blasting of weakened hard rock, provided in an embodiment of this application (indicating blind blasting).

[0026] Among them, 1-blocking section, 2-charge section, 3-detonating cord, 4-first detonation unit, and 5-second detonation unit. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Through these descriptions, the features and advantages of the present application will become clearer and more apparent.

[0028] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments. Although various aspects of embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0029] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0030] To facilitate understanding of the charge structure for preventing blind blasts in deep-hole blasting of hard rock provided in this application embodiment, its application scenario is first explained. The charge structure for preventing blind blasts in deep-hole blasting of hard rock provided in this application embodiment is used to shorten the time for handling misfires. During long-term geological evolution, coal seams have developed extensive structural damage due to syn- and epi-genetic processes. Mining in structurally complex areas reveals the widespread development of faults and collapse columns. In areas with dense faults, the rock mass is fractured and has low strength, allowing tunneling equipment to advance smoothly; however, when encountering large-scale faults or collapse columns, the high-strength surrounding rock forms a continuous barrier, severely restricting mining efficiency. To improve fully mechanized mining efficiency, horizontal medium- and deep-hole pre-splitting blasting is often used to pre-weaken hard rock masses. In traditional blasting operations, blind blasts occur due to various reasons. The main reason is that the digital electronic detonator fails to detonate, and the explosive is not ignited. During deep-hole operations, prolonged operation time can easily damage the leads of digital electronic detonators, preventing their detonation. When dealing with misfires in deep holes, using water to drain material is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and fraught with danger. Once a misfire occurs, the residual explosive significantly increases safety hazards, reduces fully mechanized mining efficiency, increases the amount of secondary blasting work, and delays the project schedule. Misfires are a significant safety hazard in deep-hole blasting operations and must be prevented and detonated with appropriate measures. The charge structure directly affects the propagation of the explosive; an unreasonable charge structure may interrupt the propagation process, resulting in a misfire. Therefore, this application provides a charge structure for preventing misfires in deep-hole blasting of weakened hard rock, thereby shortening the time required to handle misfires. The following detailed description, in conjunction with specific accompanying drawings, illustrates this embodiment.

[0031] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the charge structure for deep-hole blasting of weakened hard rock with anti-blind blasting provided in this application embodiment (normal detonation); Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the charge structure for preventing blind blasting in deep-hole blasting of weakened hard rock, provided in an embodiment of this application (indicating blind blasting).

[0032] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application provides a charging structure for preventing blind blasting in deep-hole blasting of weakened hard rock, comprising: a plugging section 1 and a charging section 2, wherein...

[0033] Both the blocking section and the charging section are equipped with detonating cords 3.

[0034] A first detonation unit 4 is provided on the detonating cord located in the blocked section.

[0035] The shaped charge cavity of the first detonation unit is positioned facing the charge section.

[0036] In the above technical solution, by setting up a blocking section and a charging section, and by installing detonating cords on the blocking section and the charging section, a first detonation unit is set on the detonating cord located in the blocking section, and the shaped charge cavity of the first detonation unit is set facing the charging section; while enhancing the reliability of blasting, the operation is also very convenient.

[0037] In one specific implementation scheme, the first detonation unit is a digital electronic detonator.

[0038] In one specific implementation, the first detonation unit includes at least two of the digital electronic detonators.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the distance between the first detonation unit and the end of the adjacent charge section is at least 30 cm.

[0040] In one specific implementation scheme, a second detonating unit 5 is provided on the detonating cord located in the blocked section, wherein,

[0041] The shaped charge cavity of the second detonation unit is positioned facing the charge section.

[0042] In one specific implementation scheme, the second detonation unit is a digital electronic detonator.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the second detonation unit includes at least two of the digital electronic detonators.

[0044] In one possible implementation, the distance between the second detonation unit and the end of the blocking section furthest from the charge section is at least 20 cm.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the charge section is filled with powdered emulsion explosive.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the blocking section is filled with blasting mud.

[0047] Specifically, this will be illustrated using an example of a coal mine with a borehole length of 20m, a plugging length of 8m, a charge length of 12m, a borehole diameter of 75mm, and a detonating cord length of 21m.

[0048] The implementation process of the charge structure for deep-hole blasting of hard rock to prevent blind spots is as follows:

[0049] Two digital electronic detonators were wrapped and fixed at a distance of 7.5m from the tip of the detonating cord using flame-retardant electrical tape, with the shaped charge cavity of the digital electronic detonator strictly facing the inside of the borehole.

[0050] Lay the detonating cord into the borehole and continue to use the charging device to blow powdered emulsion explosive into the borehole until it is filled to the designed length of 12m.

[0051] Use a charging device to blow mud into the borehole until it is filled to the opening.

[0052] Connect the digital electronic detonators in advance, seal the holes, and check the current. If the current is normal, connect the leads of the digital electronic detonators in parallel to the main blasting bus to complete the detonation. Figure 1 As shown.

[0053] If a misfire occurs, create a 20cm blockage section. Use flame-retardant electrical tape to wrap and secure the digital electronic detonator to the detonating cord 20cm from the borehole opening. Fill the blockage section, then connect the leads of the digital electronic detonator in parallel to the main blasting busbar, check the current, and complete the detonation. Figure 2 As shown.

[0054] The explosive charge structure described in this application is simple, practical, efficient, and quick. One detonating cord and two digital electronic detonators are used per borehole. At the damming section, flame-retardant electrical tape is used to secure the two digital electronic detonators 50cm away from the charge section. The unidirectional detonation property of the detonating cord prevents the detonation wave from propagating into the damming section, ensuring that the detonation will not damage the damming structure. In the event of a misfire, the detonating cord is connected to a digital electronic detonator at the borehole opening to re-detonate the explosive. This method significantly shortens the time required to handle a misfire. This explosive charge structure enhances blasting reliability while also being extremely convenient to operate.

[0055] Those skilled in the art will know that this application can be implemented as a system, method, or computer program product.

[0056] Therefore, this disclosure can be implemented in the following forms: it can be entirely hardware, entirely software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software, generally referred to herein as a "circuit," "module," or "system." Furthermore, in some embodiments, this application can also be implemented as a computer program product in one or more computer-readable media, which contains computer-readable program code.

[0057] Any combination of one or more computer-readable media may be used. A computer-readable medium can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In this document, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0058] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application. Based on this, various substitutions and improvements can be made to this application, all of which fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A charging structure for deep-hole blasting of hard rock to prevent blind firing, characterized in that, include: The blocking section and the charging section, among which, Both the blocking section and the charging section are equipped with detonating cords. A first detonation unit is installed on the detonating cord located in the blocked section. The shaped charge cavity of the first detonation unit is positioned facing the charge section.

2. The charging structure for deep-hole blasting of weakened hard rock in anti-blind blasting wells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first detonation unit is a digital electronic detonator.

3. The charging structure for deep-hole blasting of weakened hard rock in anti-blind blasting wells according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first detonation unit includes at least two digital electronic detonators.

4. The charging structure for deep-hole blasting of weakened hard rock in anti-blind blasting wells according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distance between the first detonation unit and the end of the adjacent charge section is at least 30 cm.

5. The charging structure for deep-hole blasting of weakened hard rock in anti-blind blasting wells according to claim 4, characterized in that, A second detonation unit is provided on the detonating cord located in the blocked section, wherein, The shaped charge cavity of the second detonation unit is positioned facing the charge section.

6. The charging structure for deep-hole blasting of weakened hard rock in anti-blind blasting wells according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second detonation unit is a digital electronic detonator.

7. The charging structure for deep-hole blasting of weakened hard rock in anti-blind blasting wells according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second detonation unit includes at least two of the digital electronic detonators.

8. The charging structure for deep-hole blasting of hard rock to prevent blind blasting as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The distance between the second detonation unit and the end of the blocking section furthest from the charge section is at least 20 cm.

9. The charging structure for deep-hole blasting of weakened hard rock in anti-blind blasting wells according to claim 8, characterized in that, The charge section is filled with powdered emulsion explosive.

10. The charging structure for deep-hole blasting of weakened hard rock in anti-blind blasting wells according to claim 9, characterized in that, The blockage section is filled with blasting mud.

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