Small-sized self-weighing lysimeter with separated inner cylinder and outer cylinder
By using a separate inner and outer cylinder design and combining multiple pressure sensors, the influence of ambient temperature on the measurement accuracy of the lysometer is solved, enabling high-precision dynamic monitoring of soil moisture evaporation and infiltration, and providing power supply capability in the field.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-03
AI Technical Summary
The measurement accuracy of the pressure sensor in existing lysostats is affected by different ambient temperatures, resulting in a decrease in measurement accuracy.
Design a small, self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders. The outer cylinder forms an independent environment, while the inner cylinder contains the soil to be tested. Multiple pressure sensors form a weighing platform, and a data acquisition unit records the mass data. The accuracy of the pressure sensors can be verified on an external weighing device.
It reduces the impact of ambient temperature changes on measurement accuracy, improves the measurement accuracy of the lysosome, and ensures continuous data output through solar power supply.
Smart Images
Figure CN223966397U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of lysimeter technology, and in particular to a small self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders. Background Technology
[0002] A lyoinmeter is a device used to study processes such as infiltration, surface runoff and groundwater runoff, and evapotranspiration in the hydrological cycle. It is usually set up in an open outdoor observation field or indoors with control devices. Its basic principle is to obtain the amount of water loss of the soil by weighing it at two different times. It is often used as scientific experimental equipment to analyze the amount of soil evaporation, explore the relationship between plants and water, and the characteristics of soil water movement.
[0003] The prior art discloses a lysimeter, which includes four single-channel lysimeters and a microcontroller with display function. Each single-channel lysimeter includes a cylindrical container, a triangular support assembly supported at the bottom of the cylindrical container, a leakage device located at the bottom of the cylindrical container, and a weighing sensor. The triangular support assembly consists of a lower triangular bracket, an upper triangular bracket fixed to the bottom of the cylindrical container, and a spring column connecting the upper and lower triangular brackets. The upper surface of the lower triangular bracket is provided with a liftable column for mounting the weighing sensor. The weighing sensor is clamped between the bottom of the cylindrical container and the top surface of the liftable column. The container wall of the cylindrical container has multiple sensor mounting holes from top to bottom. The outlet of the leakage device is connected to the leakage weighing device.
[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, during use, soil is placed into a cylindrical container. The container, under the combined action of the soil and its own weight, comes into contact with a weighing sensor below. The initial weight of the soil is recorded by the weighing sensor. After allowing the soil to seep for a period of time, the weight of the weighing sensor is recorded again to obtain the water loss of the soil being measured. However, due to the inherent characteristics of the pressure sensor, different ambient temperatures during measurement can affect the detection accuracy of the weighing sensor, thereby reducing the measurement accuracy of the lyopermeameter. Utility Model Content
[0005] To address the impact of changes in ambient temperature around the soil on the measurement accuracy of the lysimeter, which can lead to variations in the pressure sensor's accuracy, this application provides a small, self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders.
[0006] The small self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] A small, self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders, comprising:
[0008] An outer cylinder with an opening in the top wall, and a drain outlet in the bottom wall of the outer cylinder;
[0009] Multiple pressure sensors are located inside the outer cylinder and connected to the outer cylinder. The top walls of the multiple pressure sensors form a weighing platform.
[0010] The inner cylinder has an opening in the top wall, and a sliding gap is left between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. A seepage port is opened on the bottom wall of the inner cylinder, and the bottom wall of the inner cylinder abuts against the weighing platform.
[0011] A data acquisition unit, which is electrically connected to the pressure sensor, is used to record and store the mass data output by the pressure sensor.
[0012] By employing the above technical solution, a pit is dug in the ground to house the outer cylinder. The outer cylinder is then placed inside the pit, and force is applied to it to ensure that the weighing platform formed by the top walls of multiple pressure sensors is horizontal, and that the top edge of the outer cylinder is higher than the ground level to prevent rainwater from directly entering the outer cylinder. An inner cylinder filled with the soil to be tested is then placed inside the outer cylinder until its bottom wall contacts the weighing platform. The data acquisition device outputs the recorded mass data at regular intervals. After multiple data recordings, the mass change of the soil to be tested is obtained, thus determining the amount of water evaporation or infiltration. Furthermore, during the observation process, the inner cylinder can be lifted and placed on an external weighing device to verify the weighing accuracy of the pressure sensors, preventing the pressure sensors from being affected by changes in ambient temperature. The measurement errors caused by this design can be directly observed after lifting the sample to check the permeability inside the soil. The small self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders creates a horizontally independent environment through the outer cylinder, preventing water from seeping into the surrounding soil layers and providing a mounting base for the pressure sensors. Multiple pressure sensors can form a weighing platform for measuring the dynamic mass of the soil. The inner cylinder can hold the soil sample, and the data acquisition unit can dynamically record and output the mass data measured by multiple pressure sensors. Because the inner and outer cylinders are designed separately, the inner cylinder can be placed on an external weighing device to verify the weighing accuracy of the pressure sensors. This reduces the impact on the measurement accuracy of the lysimeter when changes in the ambient temperature around the soil cause changes in the measurement accuracy of the pressure sensors.
[0013] In one specific implementation, a channel pipe is connected to the outer cylinder, the channel pipe is located below the outer cylinder, and the inner cavity of the channel pipe is connected to the inner cavity of the outer cylinder through a drain outlet, and the seepage outlet on the inner cylinder is located directly above the channel pipe.
[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the designed channel pipe can form a buffer zone between the drainage outlet and the soil layer, preventing groundwater in the soil layer from directly entering the soil to be tested through the drainage outlet and seepage outlet, thereby affecting the accuracy of the evapotranspiration measurement data of the soil to be tested.
[0015] In one specific implementation, a heat insulation layer is provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and a sliding gap is left between the inner cylinder and the heat insulation layer.
[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the designed heat insulation layer can reduce the impact of the ambient temperature around the outer cylinder on the detection accuracy of the pressure sensor.
[0017] In one specific implementation, the horizontal plane of the inner cylinder top wall is located above the horizontal plane of the outer cylinder top wall.
[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the inner cylinder top wall, which is designed to be higher than the outer cylinder top wall, can prevent runoff from the ground from flowing into the inner cylinder and thus affecting the evapotranspiration data of the soil to be tested.
[0019] In one specific implementation, two bubble levels are connected to the bottom wall of the outer cylinder. The two bubble levels are set vertically, located inside the outer cylinder cavity, and below the weighing platform.
[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the designed bubble level allows operators to easily observe and control the posture of the outer cylinder to ensure that the weighing platform is in a horizontal state.
[0021] In one specific implementation, the system further includes a solar panel and a battery, wherein the solar panel is electrically connected to the battery and the battery is electrically connected to the data acquisition unit.
[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the data acquisition device can be conveniently powered in the field using solar panels and batteries, thereby ensuring the continuous output and recording of pressure sensor quality detection data.
[0023] In one specific implementation, two handles are connected to the inner cylinder, and a cavity is formed between the handles and the inner cylinder.
[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the designed handle makes it easy to lift the inner cylinder.
[0025] In one specific implementation, a plurality of inner protrusions are connected to the inner sidewall of the outer cylinder, and a plurality of outer protrusions are connected to the outer sidewall of the inner cylinder. After the inner cylinder rotates relative to the outer cylinder, the inner and outer protrusions can overlap in the vertical direction.
[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the designed inner and outer protrusions can lift the outer cylinder by adjusting the relative angle between the inner and outer cylinders after the evapotranspiration data of the soil to be tested is completed.
[0027] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
[0028] 1. A small, self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders is designed. The outer cylinder creates a horizontal, independent environment, preventing water seepage from the surrounding soil layers and providing a mounting base for pressure sensors. Multiple pressure sensors form a weighing platform for measuring the dynamic mass of the soil. The inner cylinder holds the soil and dynamically records and outputs the mass data measured by multiple pressure sensors via a data acquisition unit. Because the inner and outer cylinders are designed separately, the inner cylinder can be placed on an external weighing device to verify the weighing accuracy of the pressure sensors. This reduces the impact on the measurement accuracy of the lysimeter when changes in the ambient temperature around the soil cause variations in the pressure sensor's measurement accuracy.
[0029] 2. The designed small self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders can form a buffer zone between the drainage outlet and the soil layer through the channel pipe, preventing groundwater in the soil layer from directly entering the soil to be tested through the drainage outlet and seepage outlet, thereby affecting the accuracy of the evapotranspiration measurement data of the soil to be tested.
[0030] 3. The designed small self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders can be conveniently powered in the field by solar panels and batteries, thereby ensuring the continuous output and recording of pressure sensor quality detection data. Attached Figure Description
[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a small self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders according to an embodiment of this application.
[0032] Figure 2 Is Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the structure after adding an inner cylinder to the original structure.
[0033] Figure 3 Is Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the usage status after adding a data acquisition unit, a storage battery, and a solar panel to the existing structure.
[0034] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial structural diagram.
[0035] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The sectional view in the image.
[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Outer cylinder; 11. Inner protrusion; 2. Pressure sensor; 3. Inner cylinder; 31. Handle; 32. Outer protrusion; 4. Data acquisition unit; 5. Channel tube; 6. Insulation layer; 7. Bubble level; 8. Solar panel; 9. Battery. Detailed Implementation
[0037] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 This application will be described in further detail.
[0038] This application discloses a small self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders.
[0039] Reference Figure 1 A small, self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders includes an outer cylinder 1 and multiple pressure sensors 2. The outer cylinder 1 is hollow and has an opening in its top wall. A drain outlet is provided on the bottom wall of the outer cylinder 1, coaxially located on the outer cylinder 1. In this application, the outer cylinder 1 can be made of iron or aluminum. The pressure sensors 2 are located inside the outer cylinder 1 and are bolted to the bottom wall of the outer cylinder 1. The top walls of the multiple pressure sensors 2 form a weighing platform, which is kept horizontal during measurement. In this application, the number of pressure sensors 2 can be three, four, or other numbers, as long as they can form a stable supporting weighing platform. In this embodiment, the accuracy of the sensors is 0.5 grams.
[0040] Reference Figure 1 To facilitate operators in controlling the posture of the outer cylinder 1 to keep the weighing platform level, two bubble levels 7 are bolted to the bottom wall of the outer cylinder 1. The two bubble levels 7 are set vertically and are located inside the outer cylinder 1, below the weighing platform. The bubble levels 7 allow operators to easily observe and control the posture of the outer cylinder 1 to ensure that the weighing platform is level.
[0041] Reference Figure 2 In order to accommodate the soil to be tested, an inner cylinder 3 is also included. The top wall of the inner cylinder 3 is open, and a sliding gap is left between the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 1. A seepage port is opened on the bottom wall of the inner cylinder 3. The seepage port is coaxially opened on the inner cylinder 3, and the bottom wall of the inner cylinder 3 abuts against the weighing platform. By reading and recording the mass data measured by multiple pressure sensors 2, the evapotranspiration data of the soil to be tested can be obtained.
[0042] Reference Figure 2Furthermore, a channel pipe 5 is welded onto the outer cylinder 1. The channel pipe 5 is located below the outer cylinder 1, and the inner cavity of the channel pipe 5 is connected to the inner cavity of the outer cylinder 1 through a drainage port. The seepage port on the inner cylinder 3 is located directly above the channel pipe 5. When measuring the evapotranspiration data of the soil to be tested, there is no soil in the inner cavity of the channel pipe 5, thus forming a buffer zone between the drainage port and the soil layer. This prevents groundwater in the soil layer from directly entering the soil to be tested through the drainage port and the seepage port, thereby affecting the accuracy of the evapotranspiration measurement data of the soil to be tested.
[0043] Reference Figure 2 Furthermore, a heat insulation layer 6 is bonded and fixed to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1, and a sliding gap is left between the heat insulation layer 6 and the inner cylinder 3; this can reduce the influence of the ambient temperature around the outer cylinder 1 on the detection accuracy of the pressure sensor 2; and make the horizontal plane of the top wall of the inner cylinder 3 located above the horizontal plane of the top wall of the outer cylinder 1, so as to prevent runoff on the ground from flowing into the inner cylinder 3 and thus affecting the evapotranspiration data of the soil to be measured.
[0044] Reference Figure 3 In order to complete the reading and recording of the mass data measured by the pressure sensor 2, a data acquisition unit 4 is also included. The pressure sensor 2 is connected to the multi-input one-output transmitter through the signal output line, and then the multi-input one-output transmitter is electrically connected to the junction box. Finally, the junction box is electrically connected to the data acquisition unit 4, so that the mass data measured by the pressure sensor 2 can be transmitted to the data acquisition unit 4, and automatically recorded and stored by the data acquisition unit 4.
[0045] Reference Figure 3 Furthermore, it also includes a solar panel 8 and a battery 9. The solar panel 8 and the battery 9 are electrically connected, and the battery 9 is electrically connected to the data acquisition unit 4. The solar panel 8 and the battery 9 can conveniently provide power to the data acquisition unit 4 in the field, thereby ensuring the continuous output and recording of the quality detection data of the pressure sensor 2.
[0046] Reference Figure 4 In order to facilitate the lifting of the inner cylinder 3 for the purpose of verifying the measurement accuracy of the pressure sensor 2 or observing the infiltration of the soil to be tested, two handles 31 are welded and fixed on the top wall of the inner cylinder 3. The two handles 31 are arranged opposite to each other, and a cavity is formed between the handles 31 and the inner cylinder 3 for people to pass through.
[0047] Reference Figure 5Furthermore, multiple inner protrusions 11 are welded and fixed to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1, and the inner protrusions 11 are disposed through the heat insulation layer 6. Multiple outer protrusions 32 are welded and fixed to the outer wall of the inner cylinder 3. When force is applied to the inner cylinder 3, the inner cylinder 3 rotates and drives the outer protrusions 32 to move until the inner protrusions 11 and the outer protrusions 32 overlap in the vertical direction. At this time, the inner protrusions 11 are located above the outer protrusions 32. Then, the inner cylinder 3 is lifted by the handle 31, so that the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 1 can be lifted at the same time. In this application, the number of inner protrusions 11 and outer protrusions 32 is the same. It can be two, three, or four, as long as it can achieve stable lifting of the outer cylinder 1. In this embodiment, the number of inner protrusions 11 and outer protrusions 32 is four.
[0048] The implementation principle of a small self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: A pit is dug in the ground for placing the outer cylinder 1. The outer cylinder 1 is then placed in the pit, and force is applied to the outer cylinder 1 so that the weighing platform formed by the top walls of multiple pressure sensors 2 is in a horizontal state, and the upper edge of the top wall of the outer cylinder 1 is higher than the ground to prevent rainwater from directly entering the outer cylinder 1. Then, the inner cylinder 3, filled with the soil to be tested, is placed into the outer cylinder 1 until the bottom wall of the inner cylinder 3 abuts against the weighing platform. The data acquisition device 4 outputs the recorded mass data at regular intervals. After multiple data recordings, the mass change of the soil to be tested is obtained, thereby determining the amount of water evaporation or water infiltration in the soil. Furthermore, during the observation process, the inner cylinder 3 can be lifted and placed on an external weighing device to verify the pressure sensors 2. The weighing accuracy is ensured, avoiding measurement errors caused by changes in ambient temperature in the pressure sensor 2. It also allows for direct observation of the permeability within the soil after lifting. The outer cylinder 1 creates a horizontally independent environment, preventing water seepage from the surrounding soil layers and providing a mounting base for the pressure sensor 2. Multiple pressure sensors 2 form a weighing platform for measuring the dynamic mass of the soil. The inner cylinder 3 holds the soil, and the data acquisition unit 4 dynamically records and outputs the mass data measured by multiple pressure sensors 2. Because the inner cylinder 3 and outer cylinder 1 are designed separately, the inner cylinder 3 can be placed on an external weighing device to verify the weighing accuracy of the pressure sensor 2, avoiding the impact of inadequate cleaning of the container holding the soil or loss of accuracy in the weighing sensor on the accuracy of the lyopermeability measurement data.
[0049] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A small, self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders, characterized in that: include: An outer cylinder (1) with an opening in the top wall, and a drain outlet in the bottom wall of the outer cylinder (1); Multiple pressure sensors (2) are located in the inner cavity of the outer cylinder (1) and connected to the outer cylinder (1). The top walls of the multiple pressure sensors (2) form a weighing platform. An inner cylinder (3) with an opening on the top wall is provided, and a sliding gap is left between the inner cylinder (3) and the outer cylinder (1). A water seepage port is provided on the bottom wall of the inner cylinder (3), and the bottom wall of the inner cylinder (3) abuts against the weighing platform. The data acquisition unit (4) is electrically connected to the pressure sensor (2) and is used to record and store the mass data output by the pressure sensor (2).
2. The small self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer cylinder (1) is connected to a channel pipe (5), which is located below the outer cylinder (1). The inner cavity of the channel pipe (5) is connected to the inner cavity of the outer cylinder (1) through a drain outlet. The seepage outlet on the inner cylinder (3) is located directly above the channel pipe (5).
3. The small self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer cylinder (1) is surrounded by a heat insulation layer (6) on its inner wall, and a sliding gap is left between the inner cylinder (3) and the heat insulation layer (6).
4. The small self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal plane of the top wall of the inner cylinder (3) is located above the horizontal plane of the top wall of the outer cylinder (1).
5. The small self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two bubble levels (7) are connected to the bottom wall of the outer cylinder (1). The two bubble levels (7) are set vertically. The bubble levels (7) are located in the inner cavity of the outer cylinder (1) and are located below the weighing platform.
6. The small self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a solar panel (8) and a battery (9), wherein the solar panel (8) is electrically connected to the battery (9) and the battery (9) is electrically connected to the data acquisition unit (4).
7. The small self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: Two handles (31) are connected to the inner cylinder (3), and a cavity is formed between the handles (31) and the inner cylinder (3).
8. The small self-weighing lysimeter with separate inner and outer cylinders according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner wall of the outer cylinder (1) is connected to a plurality of inner protrusions (11), and the outer wall of the inner cylinder (3) is connected to a plurality of outer protrusions (32). After the inner cylinder (3) rotates relative to the outer cylinder (1), the inner protrusions (11) and the outer protrusions (32) can overlap in the vertical direction.