PCB type transformer and vehicle

Abstract

According to the PCB type transformer and the vehicle, the occupied area and the space layout of the PCB type transformer are optimized, and the electrical safety and the vibration resistance level of the PCB type transformer are improved. The PCB type transformer comprises a first PCB and a second PCB, wherein a through hole is formed in the first PCB; a through hole is formed in the second PCB; the split type magnetic core comprises a first magnetic core fixed on the first PCB and a second magnetic core fixed on the second PCB, the second magnetic core, the second PCB, the first PCB and the first magnetic core are sequentially stacked and arranged, the first magnetic core is provided with an extending part, and the extending part penetrates through a through hole in the first PCB and a through hole in the second PCB and is fixedly connected with a corresponding part of the second magnetic core; the primary winding is wound on the first magnetic core and is fixed on the first PCB (Printed Circuit Board); and the secondary winding is wound on the second magnetic core and is fixed on the second PCB.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of PCB design technology, and in particular to a PCB board transformer and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] A PCB (Printed Circuit Board) transformer is a type of transformer that is directly mounted on a PCB board. Its design faces numerous challenges:

[0003] 1) Due to the need to accommodate a large number of components and windings, the area and space of the PCB board become important limiting factors;

[0004] 2) Due to the limitations of PCB board area and space, the electrical safety between the primary and secondary windings (especially the insulation performance and electrical breakdown protection between the primary and secondary windings) faces great challenges.

[0005] 3) In certain application scenarios, such as automotive and aerospace, PCB board transformers need to withstand significant vibrations, which may lead to problems such as loose components and broken solder joints, thereby affecting the performance and reliability of the PCB board transformer. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the above problems, this application provides a PCB board transformer and vehicle to optimize the footprint and spatial layout of the PCB board transformer, and improve its electrical safety and vibration resistance. The specific solution is as follows:

[0007] The first aspect of this application provides a PCB-type transformer, comprising:

[0008] The first PCB board, wherein: the first PCB board has through holes;

[0009] The second PCB board has through holes.

[0010] The split magnetic core includes a first magnetic core fixed to the first PCB board and a second magnetic core fixed to the second PCB board; the second magnetic core, the second PCB board, the first PCB board, and the first magnetic core are stacked in sequence, the first magnetic core has a protruding part, the protruding part passes through a through hole on the first PCB board and a through hole on the second PCB board, and is fixedly connected to a corresponding part of the second magnetic core;

[0011] Primary winding, wherein: the primary winding is wound on the first magnetic core and fixed on the first PCB board;

[0012] Secondary winding, wherein the secondary winding is wound on the second magnetic core and fixed on the second PCB board.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the primary winding is fixed to the first PCB board by dispensing adhesive, and the secondary winding is fixed to the second PCB board by dispensing adhesive.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the first magnetic core is fixed to the first PCB board by dispensing, the second magnetic core is fixed to the second PCB board by dispensing, and the connection between the first magnetic core and the second magnetic core is fixed by dispensing.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the first PCB board and the second PCB board are fixed together by dispensing adhesive.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the dispensing material is epoxy resin adhesive or photosensitive adhesive.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the second PCB board is a multi-layer structure, with each layer having a winding of the same number of turns, and a zero-ohm resistor is installed between the windings on at least two layers of the multi-layer structure.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the connection point between the winding on the second PCB and the corresponding zero-ohm resistance is soldered to the second PCB via a pad.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the first magnetic core is a U-shaped magnetic core and the second magnetic core is an I-shaped magnetic core;

[0020] The through holes opened on the first PCB board include a first through hole and a second through hole; the through holes opened on the second PCB board include a third through hole and a fourth through hole; one end of the first magnetic core passes through the first through hole and the third through hole, and is fixedly connected to one end of the second magnetic core; the other end of the first magnetic core passes through the second through hole and the fourth through hole, and is fixedly connected to the other end of the second magnetic core.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the first PCB board is the mainboard of the vehicle; the second PCB board is a PCB board-type transformer-specific PCB board.

[0022] The second aspect of this application provides a vehicle, including: a PCB board transformer of the first aspect or any implementation thereof.

[0023] By employing the above technical solution, the PCB-type transformer provided in this application separates the primary and secondary windings onto two PCB boards. This physical separation increases the insulation path length, creepage distance, and clearance between the primary and secondary windings, thereby improving the insulation performance and electrical breakdown resistance between them, and ultimately enhancing the overall electrical safety of the circuit. Furthermore, the first magnetic core, the first PCB board, the second PCB board, and the second magnetic core are stacked and fixed together in sequence, forming a compact and stable whole, saving the floor space and footprint of the PCB-type transformer. The two magnetic cores firmly clamp the multi-layer PCB boards together, effectively preventing the PCB boards from shifting under external forces, thus improving the vibration resistance of the overall circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The above and other features, advantages, and aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure will become more apparent when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. The drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application; those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort. Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic, and the originals and elements are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0025] Figure 1 An exploded view of a PCB board transformer provided in this application;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the winding connection method of a PCB board transformer provided in this application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another winding connection method for a PCB board transformer provided in this application.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0029] 1-First magnetic core; 2-Second magnetic core; 3-First PCB board; 4-Second PCB board; 11-First through hole; 12-Second through hole; 13-Third through hole; 14-Fourth through hole; L1-Primary winding; L2-Winding located on the first layer of the second PCB board 4; L3-Winding located on the second layer of the second PCB board 4; L4-Winding located on the third layer of the second PCB board 4; R1-First 0Ω resistor; R2-Second 0Ω resistor; R3-Third 0Ω resistor; R4-Fourth 0Ω resistor; R5-Fifth 0Ω resistor; R6-Sixth 0Ω resistor. Detailed Implementation

[0030] A PCB (Printed Circuit Board) is the support structure for electronic components and also provides the electrical connections for them.

[0031] A PCB board transformer, as the name suggests, is a transformer directly mounted on a PCB board. It is also called a PCB transformer or surface-mount transformer. Its main function is to perform voltage transformation, current transformation, or signal isolation to meet the different voltage or current requirements of a circuit.

[0032] The working principle of a PCB-type transformer mainly relies on electromagnetic induction and magnetic coupling. Specifically, when an alternating current flows through the primary winding (also called the primary coil), this current generates an alternating magnetic field. Due to the design of the PCB-type transformer, the primary and secondary windings (also called the secondary coil) are physically close to each other, thus achieving efficient magnetic coupling. This magnetic coupling allows the alternating magnetic field generated by the primary winding to smoothly penetrate into the secondary winding, causing a change in the magnetic flux in the secondary winding. According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, when the magnetic flux in the secondary winding changes, it induces an electromotive force (EMF) in the secondary winding corresponding to the change in current in the primary winding, thereby realizing the transfer and transformation of energy.

[0033] PCB-mounted transformers offer significant advantages over traditional transformers. Firstly, they are less expensive because they can be directly soldered onto a PCB, eliminating additional installation and connection costs. Secondly, they are lightweight and compact, making them ideal for electronic devices with strict weight and size requirements. Thirdly, PCB-mounted transformers also offer excellent heat dissipation and higher operating frequencies, meeting the high performance and reliability demands of modern electronic equipment.

[0034] PCB-type transformers have gained widespread application in various fields such as automotive and aerospace due to their advantages of low cost, small size, and light weight. However, their design still faces many challenges:

[0035] 1) When designing PCB board transformers, especially high-power, multi-winding, and multi-output PCB board transformers, the footprint and space of the PCB board become important limiting factors because it needs to accommodate more components and windings.

[0036] 2) Due to the limitations of PCB board area and space, the electrical safety between the primary and secondary windings faces many challenges, especially in terms of insulation performance and protection against electrical breakdown between the primary and secondary windings.

[0037] 3) In certain application scenarios, such as automotive and aerospace, PCB board transformers need to withstand significant vibrations, which may lead to problems such as loose components and broken solder joints, thereby affecting the performance and reliability of the PCB board transformer.

[0038] In response, this application provides a PCB board transformer to optimize the footprint and spatial layout of the PCB board transformer, and improve the electrical safety and vibration resistance of the PCB board transformer.

[0039] The following detailed description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes a PCB-type transformer according to embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. It is understood by those skilled in the art that, with the development of technology and the emergence of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0040] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms are interchangeable where appropriate; this is merely a way of distinguishing objects with the same attributes in the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but may include other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to those processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0041] See Figure 1 The PCB board transformer provided in this application embodiment specifically includes:

[0042] The first PCB board 3 has through holes, which are holes that penetrate the thickness of the PCB board.

[0043] The second PCB board 4 has through holes;

[0044] The split magnetic core comprises two parts: a first magnetic core 1 and a second magnetic core 2. The first magnetic core 1 is fixed to a first PCB board 3, and the second magnetic core 2 is fixed to a second PCB board 4. The second magnetic core 2, second PCB board 4, first PCB board 3, and first magnetic core 1 are stacked sequentially, following a top-to-bottom (or left-to-right, depending on the direction) hierarchical order. The first PCB board 3 is positioned above the first magnetic core 1, the second PCB board 4 is positioned above the first PCB board 3, and the second magnetic core 2 is positioned above the second PCB board 4. The first magnetic core 1 has a protruding portion (also called an extension section; the protruding portion of the first magnetic core 1 refers to the part of the first magnetic core 1 that specifically passes through the through holes of the first PCB board 3 and the second PCB board 4). This protruding portion passes through the through holes on the first PCB board 3 and the second PCB board 4, and then is fixedly connected to the corresponding part of the second magnetic core 2.

[0045] The primary winding is wound on the first magnetic core 1 and fixed on the first PCB board 3;

[0046] The secondary winding is wound on the second magnetic core 2 and fixed on the second PCB board 4.

[0047] See also Figure 1 The first magnetic core 1 is, for example, a U-shaped magnetic core (a U-shaped magnetic core is a magnetic element with a U-shaped cross-section, usually made of high permeability materials, such as soft iron, manganese zinc ferrite, etc. A U-shaped magnetic core mainly consists of two parallel sides and a bottom connecting the two sides, with a certain gap between the two parallel sides). The second magnetic core 2 is, for example, an I-shaped magnetic core (an I-shaped magnetic core, as the name suggests, is a magnetic element shaped like the English letter "I"). In this case: the first PCB board 3 specifically has a first through hole 11 and a second through hole 12; the second PCB board 4 specifically has a third through hole 13 and a fourth through hole 14; one end of the first magnetic core 1 passes through the first through hole 11 and the third through hole 13 in sequence and is fixedly connected to one end of the second magnetic core 2; the other end of the first magnetic core 1 passes through the second through hole 12 and the fourth through hole 14 in sequence and is fixedly connected to the other end of the second magnetic core 2.

[0048] Alternatively, the first magnetic core 1 can be an E-shaped magnetic core (an E-shaped magnetic core, as the name suggests, is a magnetic element shaped like the English letter "E"), and the second magnetic core 2 can be an I-shaped magnetic core, etc. The specific shapes of the two magnetic cores can be set according to actual needs, and this application does not impose any limitations on them.

[0049] Below, regarding Figure 1 The working principle of the illustrated embodiment is analyzed as follows:

[0050] In this embodiment, the primary and secondary windings of the PCB-type transformer are separated on two PCBs, resulting in physical separation between the primary and secondary windings. This physical separation design provides at least the following technical advantages:

[0051] 1) Improve insulation performance

[0052] Insulation performance is one of the important indicators for evaluating the electrical isolation capability of a transformer. By separating the primary and secondary windings onto two separate PCBs, the insulation path length between the primary and secondary windings is increased, thereby improving the overall insulation performance. High insulation performance means that it is more difficult for conductive paths to form between the primary and secondary windings in the insulation layer, thus improving the electrical safety of the overall circuit.

[0053] 2) Prevent electrical breakdown

[0054] Electrical breakdown refers to the phenomenon where insulating materials lose their insulating properties under a strong electric field, leading to a sudden increase in current. By separating the primary and secondary windings onto two separate PCBs, the creepage distance (creep distance refers to the shortest path required for surface discharge of insulating materials under high voltage) and clearance (clearance is the shortest distance between two conductive components measured through air) between the primary and secondary windings are increased. This helps prevent electrical breakdown caused by surface contamination, moisture, or voltage fluctuations under high voltage conditions, thus improving the overall electrical safety of the circuit.

[0055] Especially when the voltage difference between the primary and secondary windings of a PCB-type transformer is large (e.g., the high voltage is 900VDC and the low voltage is between -10V and +20V), the challenges of electrical design are further increased. This is because such a high voltage difference requires higher insulation performance and stronger protection against electrical breakdown between the primary and secondary windings. At this time, the advantages of the physical separation design in the embodiments of this application become more and more significant.

[0056] 3) Easy to maintain and upgrade

[0057] This physical separation design facilitates subsequent maintenance and upgrades. If a part needs replacement or repair, the operation is much easier without causing unnecessary interference or damage to other parts. For example, when it's necessary to change the turns ratio of the PCB board transformer (the turns ratio is the ratio of the voltage of the primary winding to the voltage of the secondary winding; ideally, it equals the ratio of the number of turns in the primary winding to the number of turns in the secondary winding), only the number of turns in the secondary winding needs to be adjusted on the second PCB board 4, without causing unnecessary interference or damage to any part of the first PCB board 3.

[0058] 4) Improve vibration reliability

[0059] Vibration reliability of a PCB-type transformer refers to its ability to maintain normal operation when subjected to vibration. Vibration can cause internal components of a PCB-type transformer to loosen, wear, or even break, affecting its normal operation. Compared to integrating all components onto a single PCB board, this physical separation design distributes the weight of the primary and secondary windings across two PCB boards. This distribution helps reduce the burden on each PCB board, making it easier to find suitable fixing methods and positions to ensure their stability. Even if the equipment containing the PCB-type transformer is subjected to vibration, shock, or other external forces, the primary and secondary windings are less likely to collide or shift. This vibration reliability is crucial for ensuring the electrical performance and reliability of the equipment.

[0060] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the magnetic core of the PCB-type transformer is designed as a split structure, comprising a first magnetic core 1 and a second magnetic core 2. Both ends of the second magnetic core 2 pass through through-holes on the first PCB board 3 and the second PCB board 4 respectively, and are then securely connected to the first magnetic core 1, thus forming a complete magnetic circuit. The second magnetic core 2, the second PCB board 4, the first PCB board 3, and the first magnetic core 1 are stacked sequentially, forming a compact and stable whole, saving the floor space and footprint of the PCB-type transformer. Moreover, the two magnetic cores firmly clamp the multi-layer PCB board together, effectively preventing the PCB board from shifting under external forces, thereby improving the vibration resistance of the overall circuit.

[0061] In one possible implementation, when any of the PCB board transformers disclosed above are applied in a vehicle, the first PCB board 3 can be the vehicle's mainboard, and the second PCB board 4 is a dedicated PCB board for the PCB board transformer.

[0062] Specifically, the vehicle's mainboard is a core component of the vehicle's electrical system, integrating multiple functions and responsible for controlling and managing various operating parameters and states of the vehicle. In this embodiment, the primary winding and first magnetic core 1 of the PCB-type transformer are directly fixed to the vehicle's mainboard. This significantly improves the vibration resistance of the PCB-type transformer in complex vehicle environments because: vehicles experience various vibrations and impacts during operation, and these external forces often adversely affect the electronic equipment inside the vehicle. By directly fixing the primary winding and first magnetic core 1 of the PCB-type transformer to the vehicle's mainboard, the primary winding and first magnetic core 1 receive more stable support. Since the vehicle's mainboard acts as a robust base, it can effectively absorb and disperse these external forces, thereby significantly reducing the movement and deformation of the primary winding and first magnetic core 1 under vibration or impact conditions.

[0063] The second PCB board 4 adopts a PCB board-type transformer-specific PCB board, which is an independent PCB board. This provides engineers with greater freedom and allows them to flexibly adjust the design of each component on the second PCB board 4 according to the specific needs of the actual application scenario. For example, the number of turns of the secondary winding on the second PCB board 4 can be adjusted according to the required turns ratio.

[0064] In one possible implementation, for any of the PCB board transformers disclosed above, the primary winding of the PCB board transformer is fixed to the first PCB board 3 by dispensing adhesive, and the secondary winding is fixed to the second PCB board 4 by dispensing adhesive.

[0065] Specifically, dispensing is a widely used process in electronics manufacturing, PCB board processing, and transformer manufacturing, primarily used to fix components, enhance insulation, and improve electrical performance. Dispensing involves precisely applying adhesive to the desired location or component using specialized equipment (such as a dispensing machine or manual tools). After the adhesive cures, the component is fixed and insulated. This method offers advantages such as high precision, ease of operation, and short curing time.

[0066] Adhesive refers to the dispensing material, such as epoxy resin adhesive or UV adhesive.

[0067] Epoxy resin adhesive is a type of adhesive primarily made of epoxy resin, which typically requires the addition of an epoxy resin curing agent to cure. Epoxy resin adhesive is a two-component adhesive, usually consisting of component A (the main component) and component B (the curing agent or hardener), which need to be mixed in a specific ratio. This design gives the adhesive greater versatility and flexibility, meeting diverse application needs. Epoxy resin adhesive is widely used in electronics, aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and building repair industries due to its advantages such as high strength, high adhesion, chemical resistance, heat and cold resistance, electrical insulation, low shrinkage, good processability, and environmental friendliness.

[0068] UV adhesive, also known as shadowless adhesive or photosensitive adhesive, is a single-component, low-viscosity, high-strength acrylic adhesive. It requires ultraviolet light irradiation to cure and can surface dry within seconds under specific wavelengths of UV light. UV adhesive is formulated based on liquid oligomers (also known as prepolymers) with the addition of specific reactive diluents (also known as reactive solvents), photoinitiators, and other additives. UV adhesive has many advantages, such as fast curing speed, good transparency, and good heat and chemical resistance, thus finding wide application in daily life and industrial fields.

[0069] Fixing the primary and secondary windings to the PCB board via adhesive dispensing improves their mechanical stability and reduces vibration and displacement during operation, thereby further reducing the risk of electrical coupling between the primary and secondary windings. Additionally, the adhesive material itself has insulating properties, so when applied between the primary and secondary windings, it forms an extra insulating barrier, further enhancing electrical isolation.

[0070] In one possible implementation, for any of the PCB-type transformers disclosed above, the first magnetic core 1 is fixed to the first PCB board 3 by dispensing adhesive, and the second magnetic core 2 is fixed to the second PCB board 4 by dispensing adhesive. The magnetic cores have a large bonding area and are firmly bonded. Furthermore, the connection between the first magnetic core 1 and the second magnetic core 2 is also fixed by dispensing adhesive.

[0071] In one possible implementation, for any of the PCB board transformers disclosed above, the first PCB board 3 and the second PCB board 4 are fixed together by adhesive dispensing, thereby further improving the vibration resistance level of the PCB board transformer.

[0072] In one possible implementation, for any of the PCB board transformers disclosed above, the embodiments of this application design the second PCB board 4 as a multi-layer structure, with each layer having a winding with the same number of turns (each layer has one winding, and the number of turns of the windings in each layer is the same). The effect of adjusting the number of turns of the secondary winding and simulating wire diameter adjustment is achieved by changing the connection method of the windings between different layers (series or parallel).

[0073] Specifically, the turns ratio of a transformer (i.e., the ratio of the number of turns in the primary winding to the number of turns in the secondary winding) determines the transformer's turns ratio. Therefore, by changing the connection method of the windings between different layers of the second PCB board, the number of turns in the secondary winding can be changed, thereby changing the transformer's turns ratio. The wire diameter, on the other hand, mainly affects the transformer's current carrying capacity. The larger the wire diameter, the greater the current it can carry, and the higher the transformer's withstand current.

[0074] A 0Ω resistor, also known as a zero-ohm resistor or a bridging resistor, does not actually have zero resistance; rather, it has a very small resistance value that is almost negligible. In PCB design, 0Ω resistors are often used as jumpers or connection points. They do not produce a voltage drop, but the turns ratio of the secondary winding can be changed by soldering or not soldering them. In one example, 0Ω resistors can be installed between the windings on at least two layers of a second PCB board with a multilayer structure.

[0075] Furthermore, by selecting how to connect 0Ω resistors between the windings of different layers on the second PCB board 4, it is possible to control whether the windings between these layers are connected in series or in parallel.

[0076] When the windings of different layers on the second PCB board 4 are connected in series, the total number of turns in the secondary winding is the sum of the number of turns in each layer of windings, and the transformer output voltage, i.e., the secondary winding voltage, will also increase accordingly. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the primary winding is L1, and the secondary winding includes winding L2 on the first layer of the second PCB board 4, winding L3 on the second layer of the second PCB board 4, and winding L4 on the third layer of the second PCB board 4. The first end of winding L2 on the first layer of the second PCB board 4 is connected to the first end of the load. The second end of winding L2 on the first layer of the second PCB board 4 is connected to the first end of winding L3 on the second layer of the second PCB board 4 through a first 0Ω resistor R1. The second end of winding L3 on the second layer of the second PCB board 4 is connected to the first end of winding L4 on the third layer of the second PCB board 4 through a second 0Ω resistor R2. The second end of winding L4 on the third layer of the second PCB board 4 is connected to the second end of the load. Therefore, the total number of turns of the secondary winding is the sum of the number of turns of winding L2 on the first layer of the second PCB board 4, winding L3 on the second layer of the second PCB board 4, and winding L4 on the third layer of the second PCB board 4. Figure 2 The diagram shows the secondary winding layers before electrical connection to their corresponding 0Ω resistors. Before electrical connection, the secondary winding layers are in an open-circuit state with their corresponding 0Ω resistors. To reduce... Figure 2 The number of turns of the secondary coil can be determined by soldering only the first 0Ω resistor R1 without soldering the second 0Ω resistor R2, while connecting the second end of the winding L3 located on the second layer of the second PCB board 4 to the second end of the load.

[0077] When the windings of different layers of the second PCB board 4 are connected in parallel, although the total number of turns of the secondary winding remains unchanged, the secondary current can flow through more paths, thereby improving the current withstand capability of the PCB board transformer and, to some extent, "simulating" the effect of changing the wire diameter. Figure 3As shown, the primary winding remains L1, and the secondary winding includes winding L2 located on the first layer of the second PCB board 4, winding L3 located on the second layer of the second PCB board 4, and winding L4 located on the third layer of the second PCB board 4. The first end of winding L2 on the first layer of the second PCB board 4 and the first end of winding L3 on the second layer of the second PCB board 4 are connected by a third 0Ω resistor R3. The first end of L3 is connected to the first end of winding L4 on the third layer of the second PCB board 4 through a fourth 0Ω resistor R4. The second end of winding L2 on the first layer of the second PCB board 4 is connected to the second end of winding L3 on the second layer of the second PCB board 4 through a fifth 0Ω resistor R5. The second end of winding L3 on the second layer of the second PCB board 4 is connected to the second end of winding L4 on the third layer of the second PCB board 4 through a sixth 0Ω resistor R6. Therefore, the total number of turns of the secondary winding is the same as the number of turns of winding L2 on the first layer of the second PCB board 4. Figure 3 The diagram also shows a schematic before the secondary winding layers are electrically connected to the corresponding 0Ω resistors. Before the electrical connection, the secondary winding layers are in an open circuit state with the corresponding 0Ω resistors.

[0078] In summary, based on the fundamental principles of transformers, it is known that the output voltage of a transformer is directly proportional to the number of turns in the secondary winding and inversely proportional to the number of turns in the primary winding. Therefore, by changing the number of turns in the secondary winding, precise control of the output voltage can be achieved. Furthermore, since the secondary windings are connected in parallel or series, the current output capability of the transformer can also be adjusted as needed. It is evident that this design approach in the embodiments of this application provides PCB-type transformers with greater flexibility in terms of both output voltage and withstand current.

[0079] In addition, the number of stacked layers of the second PCB board 4 can be adjusted and the ratio can be adjusted as needed, which is highly flexible. At the same time, there are reserved gaps between different layers, so the heat is not concentrated. The layered heat dissipation has a large heat dissipation area and heat dissipation channels, which reduces the temperature rise.

[0080] Of course, the first PCB board 3 can also adopt a multi-layer design, and is not limited to it.

[0081] In one possible implementation, the connection point between the winding on the second PCB board 4 and the corresponding 0Ω resistor is soldered to the second PCB board 4 via pads. Specifically, this pad soldering connection method is more robust and reliable than traditional plug-in or wrap-around methods. Pad soldering not only provides better electrical contact but also resists the effects of vibration and temperature changes on the connection point, reducing the risk of faults such as poor contact or wire breakage.

[0082] In addition, this application also discloses a vehicle, including any of the PCB board transformers disclosed above.

[0083] The vehicle in question is, for example, an electric vehicle. Specifically, PCB-type transformers can be applied to the electronic control systems of electric vehicles, such as the BMS (Battery Management System), MCU (Motor Control Unit), and OBC (On-Board Charger). This electric vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle or a hybrid electric vehicle, without limitation. Pure electric vehicles rely entirely on electric power and do not consume fuel. Hybrid electric vehicles combine the advantages of internal combustion engines and electric motors, and can be driven by either fuel or electricity.

[0084] Furthermore, the vehicle can also be a gasoline-powered vehicle. Specifically, while gasoline-powered vehicles primarily rely on an engine for power and have relatively simple electronic control systems, modern gasoline-powered cars are still equipped with a large number of electronic devices and systems, such as ECUs (Engine Control Units), sensors, and in-vehicle entertainment systems. The normal operation of these devices and systems also requires a stable power supply and signal transmission; therefore, PCB-type transformers also have their place in gasoline-powered vehicles.

[0085] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0086] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, the embodiments of this application are not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but are to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A PCB board transformer, characterized in that, include: The first PCB board, wherein: the first PCB board has through holes; The second PCB board has through holes. The split magnetic core includes a first magnetic core fixed to the first PCB board and a second magnetic core fixed to the second PCB board; the second magnetic core, the second PCB board, the first PCB board, and the first magnetic core are stacked in sequence, the first magnetic core has a protruding part, the protruding part passes through a through hole on the first PCB board and a through hole on the second PCB board, and is fixedly connected to a corresponding part of the second magnetic core; Primary winding, wherein: the primary winding is wound on the first magnetic core and fixed on the first PCB board; Secondary winding, wherein the secondary winding is wound on the second magnetic core and fixed on the second PCB board.

2. The PCB board transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary winding is fixed to the first PCB board by dispensing adhesive, and the secondary winding is fixed to the second PCB board by dispensing adhesive.

3. The PCB board transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first magnetic core is fixed to the first PCB board by dispensing adhesive, the second magnetic core is fixed to the second PCB board by dispensing adhesive, and the connection between the first magnetic core and the second magnetic core is fixed by dispensing adhesive.

4. The PCB board transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first PCB board and the second PCB board are fixed together by dispensing adhesive.

5. The PCB board transformer according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The dispensing material is epoxy resin or photosensitive adhesive.

6. The PCB board transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second PCB board has a multi-layer structure, with each layer having a winding of the same number of turns. At least two layers of the multi-layer structure have a zero-ohm resistor installed between the windings.

7. The PCB board transformer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The connection points of the windings and the corresponding zero-ohm resistors on the second PCB are soldered to the second PCB via pads.

8. The PCB board transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first magnetic core is a U-shaped magnetic core, and the second magnetic core is an I-shaped magnetic core; The through holes opened on the first PCB board include a first through hole and a second through hole; the through holes opened on the second PCB board include a third through hole and a fourth through hole; one end of the first magnetic core passes through the first through hole and the third through hole, and is fixedly connected to one end of the second magnetic core; the other end of the first magnetic core passes through the second through hole and the fourth through hole, and is fixedly connected to the other end of the second magnetic core.

9. The PCB board transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first PCB board is the mainboard of the vehicle; the second PCB board is a PCB board-type transformer-specific PCB board.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: The PCB board transformer as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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