Transparent photovoltaic panel and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panels, and discloses a transparent photovoltaic panel and a photovoltaic assembly. The transparent photovoltaic panel comprises an antireflection layer and a base material layer which are stacked in sequence. The antireflection layer contacts with an external air surface, and the substrate layer is close to the surface of the photovoltaic cell; the antireflection layer comprises a plurality of nano antireflection films; each nano anti-reflection film is inclined to the right side from bottom to top, so that the side surfaces of the plurality of nano anti-reflection films are sequentially and obliquely stacked from left to right to form an anti-reflection layer; and the thicknesses of the plurality of nano antireflection films are gradually increased from left to right. According to the transparent photovoltaic panel, the thicknesses of the plurality of nano antireflection films are adjusted, and the nano antireflection films are obliquely stacked, so that reflection of light of each wave band on the interface surface of the transparent photovoltaic panel is reduced, and the light transmission amount of the transparent photovoltaic panel is greatly increased. And the ultraviolet cut-off protection layer and the light conversion layer are sequentially stacked on the lower surface of the antireflection layer, so that the ultraviolet resistance and weather resistance of the transparent photovoltaic panel are improved, the cut-off residual ultraviolet light is converted into visible light, and the light transmittance and utilization rate are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic panel technology, specifically to a transparent photovoltaic panel and a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] A transparent photovoltaic (PV) panel is a sheet material used to protect and support solar cells (i.e., photovoltaic cells). It sits on the outer surface of the PV cells, closely attached to them, protecting them and allowing sunlight to pass through before being absorbed by the cells, which then convert the absorbed sunlight into electrical energy. The transmittance of a transparent PV panel refers to the ratio of the luminous flux passing through the panel to the luminous flux incident on its surface. High transmittance allows more sunlight to penetrate and reach the PV cells, improving the absorption and utilization of sunlight and thus enhancing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the PV module. Every percentage increase in the transmittance of a transparent PV panel significantly improves the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of the module. Therefore, increasing the transmittance of transparent PV panels is one of the key factors in improving the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of PV modules.

[0003] Based on this, existing technology, such as that shown in publication number CN220420593U, provides a colored flexible photovoltaic front panel, which includes an anti-reflective and anti-reflective layer, a weather-resistant layer, a functional enhancement layer, and a color layer close to the photovoltaic cells, stacked sequentially from top to bottom; the functional enhancement layer includes a glass fiber reinforcement layer and an adhesive layer. This existing technology can obtain a colored flexible photovoltaic front panel, improving the aesthetics of the photovoltaic panel, and the outermost anti-reflective and anti-reflective layer can improve the transmittance of sunlight, thereby improving the light utilization efficiency of the photovoltaic module. However, the visible light transmittance of the existing photovoltaic panels is basically maintained at around 90%, and there is still considerable room for improvement. Therefore, the existing photovoltaic panels have relatively limited effect on improving the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a transparent photovoltaic panel and photovoltaic module.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention discloses a transparent photovoltaic panel, comprising an anti-reflection layer and a substrate layer stacked sequentially from top to bottom; the anti-reflection layer is in contact with the external air surface, while the substrate layer is close to the surface of the photovoltaic cell;

[0006] The antireflection layer comprises several nano-antireflection films; each nano-antireflection film is tilted to the right from bottom to top, so that the sides of the several nano-antireflection films are stacked tilted from left to right to form the antireflection layer; the thickness of the several nano-antireflection films gradually increases from left to right.

[0007] Preferably, the nano-antireflective film is a nano-antireflective polymer film; the material of the nano-antireflective polymer film is phenyl polyolefin, hydroxy polyolefin or acrylate polymer.

[0008] More preferably, the thickness of the nano-antireflective film is controlled at 50-150 nm; the tilt angle of the nano-antireflective film is 20-40°.

[0009] Preferably, an ultraviolet cutoff protective layer is also stacked on the lower surface of the antireflective layer.

[0010] More preferably, the ultraviolet cutoff protective layer is a fluorocarbon resin protective layer; the thickness of the ultraviolet cutoff protective layer is 8-15 μm.

[0011] More preferably, a light-converting layer for converting the remaining cut-off ultraviolet light into visible light is further stacked between the ultraviolet cut-off protective layer and the substrate layer; the thickness of the light-converting layer is 6-10 μm.

[0012] Preferably, an adhesive layer is further stacked on the lower surface of the substrate layer.

[0013] More preferably, the adhesive layer is a polyurethane adhesive layer; the thickness of the adhesive layer is 4-10 μm.

[0014] Preferably, the substrate layer is a polyethylene terephthalate substrate layer.

[0015] This utility model discloses a photovoltaic module, including a photovoltaic front panel, photovoltaic cells and a photovoltaic back panel arranged in sequence, wherein the photovoltaic front panel and / or photovoltaic back panel is a transparent photovoltaic panel as described above in this utility model.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0017] To address the issue of insufficient light transmittance in existing PET photovoltaic panels, this invention adds an anti-reflective layer to the surface of a transparent photovoltaic panel that is in contact with the external air. This anti-reflective layer is formed by sequentially stacking several nano-anti-reflective films arranged at a certain angle, with the thickness of each nano-anti-reflective film gradually increasing from left to right. When light enters the surface of the anti-reflective layer from the air, some light passes directly through the anti-reflective layer, while the rest is reflected. By adjusting the thickness of the nano-anti-reflective films and stacking them at an angle, the peaks of the reflected light and the peaks of the transmitted light coincide and interfere, thereby reducing the reflection of light at the interface surface. Furthermore, the superposition of multiple nano-anti-reflective films of varying thickness further reduces the reflection of light of different wavelengths at the interface surface, significantly increasing the light transmittance of the transparent photovoltaic panel. Therefore, more sunlight can pass through the transparent photovoltaic panel and reach the surface of the photovoltaic cells, helping to further improve the light absorption and utilization rate of the photovoltaic cells, thus contributing to a further improvement in the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a transparent photovoltaic panel according to this embodiment.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1. Antireflective layer; 11. Nano antireflective film; 2. UV cutoff protection layer; 3. Light conversion layer; 4. Substrate layer; 5. Adhesive layer. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Example

[0022] This embodiment features a transparent photovoltaic panel, see [link / reference]. Figure 1 It includes an anti-reflection layer 1, an ultraviolet cut-off protection layer 2, a light conversion layer 3, a substrate layer 4, and an adhesive layer 5, which are stacked sequentially from top to bottom.

[0023] The adhesive layer 5 is stacked on the lower surface of the substrate layer 4 and is close to the surface of the photovoltaic cell in the photovoltaic module. The adhesive layer 5 can better bond the transparent photovoltaic panel to the surface of the photovoltaic cell to prevent the transparent photovoltaic panel from falling off, thereby improving the overall structural stability and reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0024] Specifically, the thickness of the adhesive layer 5 is preferably 4-10 μm (e.g., 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm or 10 μm). Moreover, the adhesive layer 5 is preferably a polyurethane adhesive layer to further improve its bonding performance and further enhance the overall structural stability and reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0025] Among them, substrate layer 4 is preferably a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate layer. Currently, photovoltaic panels on the market are mainly based on PET substrate layers. PET substrate layers provide good mechanical strength and electrical insulation properties, and also have good light transmittance and UV resistance. The thickness of the PET substrate layer can be set according to the actual performance requirements of the photovoltaic panel, such as mechanical strength. Specific details can be found by referring to the thickness of the PET substrate layer in existing photovoltaic panels, and therefore will not be elaborated upon here.

[0026] In this design, the antireflective layer 1 is far from the surface of the photovoltaic cell and is in contact with the external air surface; therefore, sunlight from the external air enters through the antireflective layer 1, passes through the transparent photovoltaic panel, and reaches the surface of the photovoltaic cell.

[0027] Specifically, the antireflection layer 1 includes a plurality of nano-antireflection films 11; each nano-antireflection film 11 is tilted from bottom to top to the right, so that the sides of the plurality of nano-antireflection films 11 are stacked tilted from left to right to form the antireflection layer 1 (e.g., Figure 1 (As shown). Moreover, the thickness of several nano-antireflective films 11 gradually increases from left to right.

[0028] To address the issue of insufficient light transmittance in existing PET photovoltaic panels, this embodiment adds an anti-reflection layer 1 to the surface of the transparent photovoltaic panel that is in contact with the external air. This anti-reflection layer 1 is formed by sequentially stacking the sides of several nano-anti-reflection films 11 arranged at a certain angle, with the thickness of each nano-anti-reflection film 11 gradually increasing from left to right. Thus, when light enters the surface of the anti-reflection layer 1 from the air, some light passes directly through the anti-reflection layer 1, while the rest is reflected. By adjusting the thickness of the nano-anti-reflection films 11 and stacking them at an angle, the peaks of the reflected light and the transmitted light coincide and interfere, thereby reducing light reflection at the interface surface. Furthermore, the superposition of multiple nano-anti-reflection films 11 with uneven thickness further reduces the reflection of light at the interface surface across different wavelengths, significantly increasing the light transmittance of the transparent photovoltaic panel to approximately 93%. Therefore, more sunlight can pass through the transparent photovoltaic panel and reach the surface of the photovoltaic cell, which helps to further improve the light absorption rate and light utilization rate of the photovoltaic cell, thus helping to further improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0029] Specifically, the thickness of each nano-antireflective film 11 is controlled within the range of 50-150 nm (e.g., 50 nm, 80 nm, 100 nm, 130 nm, or 150 nm), and the tilt angle of the nano-antireflective film 11 is preferably 20-40° (e.g., 20°, 30°, or 40°) to further increase the light transmittance of the transparent photovoltaic panel. In practice, it is preferable that the tilt angle of each nano-antireflective film 11 in the antireflective layer 1 is the same.

[0030] Specifically, the nano-antireflective film 11 is preferably a nano-antireflective polymer film. The nano-antireflective polymer film is more preferably made of phenyl polyolefin, hydroxy polyolefin or acrylate polymer; the nano-antireflective film 11 made of these materials has good mechanical properties, water vapor barrier properties and electrical insulation properties, which can improve the overall performance of the antireflective layer 1.

[0031] The ultraviolet (UV) cutoff layer 2 is stacked on the lower surface of the antireflection layer 1. Specifically, the thickness of the UV cutoff layer 2 is 8-15 μm (e.g., 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 14 μm, or 15 μm); the UV cutoff layer 2 is preferably a fluorocarbon resin protective layer. The UV cutoff layer 2 is stacked on the lower surface of the antireflection layer 1 to intercept the ultraviolet light component in the incident light, thereby improving the UV resistance and weather resistance of the transparent photovoltaic panel.

[0032] The light conversion layer 3 is stacked between the ultraviolet cutoff protection layer 2 and the substrate layer 4, and is used to convert ultraviolet light into visible light that can be absorbed and utilized by the photovoltaic cell. Specifically, the thickness of the light conversion layer 3 is 6-10 μm (e.g., 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm or 10 μm). The material of the light conversion layer 3 can refer to existing light conversion materials, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0033] A light conversion layer 3 is further stacked on the lower surface of the ultraviolet cutoff protection layer 2 to convert the remaining cutoff ultraviolet light into visible light, which can further improve the ultraviolet resistance and weather resistance of the transparent photovoltaic panel, and further improve the light transmittance and effective utilization rate, thus helping to further improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0034] A photovoltaic module according to this embodiment includes a photovoltaic front panel, photovoltaic cells, and a photovoltaic back panel stacked sequentially. Preferably, the photovoltaic front panel and the photovoltaic cells, as well as the photovoltaic cells and the photovoltaic back panel, are encapsulated with encapsulating films. The photovoltaic front panel and / or the photovoltaic back panel is a transparent photovoltaic panel as described above in this embodiment.

[0035] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0036] The technical solution provided by this utility model has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of this utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A transparent photovoltaic panel, characterized in that, The anti-reflective layer contacts the air outside, and the substrate layer is close to the surface of the photovoltaic cell. The anti-reflective layer comprises a plurality of nano anti-reflective films, each of which is arranged from bottom to top and inclined to the right side, so that the side surfaces of the plurality of nano anti-reflective films are sequentially stacked from left to right to form the anti-reflective layer, and the thickness of the plurality of nano anti-reflective films gradually increases from left to right.

2. A transparent photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nano anti-reflective film is a nano anti-reflective polymer film, and the material of the nano anti-reflective polymer film is phenyl polyolefin, hydroxyl polyolefin or acrylate polymer.

3. A transparent photovoltaic panel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the nano anti-reflective film is controlled to be 50-150 nm, and the inclination angle of the nano anti-reflective film is 20-40°.

4. A transparent photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower surface of the anti-reflective layer is further stacked with an ultraviolet cut-off protective layer.

5. A transparent photovoltaic panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ultraviolet cut-off protective layer is a fluorocarbon resin protective layer, and the thickness of the ultraviolet cut-off protective layer is 8-15 μm.

6. A transparent photovoltaic panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ultraviolet cut-off protective layer and the substrate layer are further stacked with a light conversion layer for converting the remaining ultraviolet light into visible light, and the thickness of the light conversion layer is 6-10 μm.

7. A transparent photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower surface of the substrate layer is further stacked with an adhesive layer.

8. A transparent photovoltaic panel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adhesive layer is a polyurethane adhesive layer, and the thickness of the adhesive layer is 4-10 μm.

9. A transparent photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate layer is a polyethylene terephthalate substrate layer.

10. A photovoltaic module, characterized by, The photovoltaic front plate and / or the photovoltaic back plate is a transparent photovoltaic panel according to any one of claims 1-9.

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