Grinding and polishing device for metal gear machining

Abstract

The utility model provides a grinding and polishing device for metal gear machining, which relates to the technical field of grinding and polishing devices and comprises a frame, a worktable is arranged on the frame, a turntable component is arranged at the center of the worktable, four stations are equidistantly arranged on the outer side of the turntable component, a feeding and discharging mechanical arm is arranged on the first station, and a feeding and discharging mechanical arm is arranged on the second station. Grinding and polishing assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the second station and the fourth station, and a turn-over mechanism is arranged on the third station. The four stations are arranged to conduct feeding, first face grinding and polishing, face turning, second face grinding and polishing, discharging and other operations respectively, all the stations can work in order through intermittent rotation of the rotary disc assembly, continuous and automatic grinding and polishing of metal gears are achieved, the machining efficiency is improved, manual intervention is reduced, and the production cost is reduced. The labor intensity is reduced, and the automation level of production is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model mainly relates to the technical field of grinding and polishing devices, specifically to a grinding and polishing device for metal gear processing. Background Technology

[0002] In modern manufacturing, metal gears are key transmission components in various mechanical equipment, and their machining quality directly affects the equipment's performance, precision, and service life. With the increasing demand for high-precision, high-performance mechanical equipment in the manufacturing industry, more stringent requirements are being placed on the machining accuracy and surface quality of metal gears. Grinding and polishing, as an important step in the metal gear machining process, aims to remove machining marks, oxide layers, burrs, and other defects from the gear surface, improving the surface finish and precision of the gears. This, in turn, reduces noise and wear during transmission, and enhances transmission efficiency and stability.

[0003] Traditional metal gear grinding and polishing processes primarily rely on manual operation or simple mechanical auxiliary equipment. Manual grinding and polishing is not only labor-intensive and inefficient, but the processing quality is also greatly affected by the worker's skill level and working condition, making it difficult to guarantee consistent and stable product quality. While simple mechanical auxiliary equipment improves production efficiency to some extent, its low degree of automation and limited functionality make it unable to meet the grinding and polishing needs of complex-shaped and high-precision gears. For example, for gears with special tooth profiles or high precision requirements, traditional equipment struggles to achieve accurate grinding and polishing, easily leading to uneven grinding and insufficient polishing, resulting in reduced gear performance and service life. Utility Model Content

[0004] 1. The technical problem to be solved by the utility model:

[0005] This utility model provides a grinding and polishing device for metal gear processing, which solves the technical problems existing in the background art.

[0006] 2. Technical Solution:

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows: a grinding and polishing device for metal gear processing, comprising a frame, a worktable on the frame, a turntable assembly at the center of the worktable, and four workstations equidistantly arranged on the outer side of the turntable assembly. A loading / unloading robotic arm is arranged at the first workstation, grinding and polishing components are symmetrically arranged at the second and fourth workstations, and a flipping mechanism is arranged at the third workstation. The loading / unloading robotic arm at the first workstation grabs the gear to be processed and places it on the turntable assembly. The turntable rotates, and the gear reaches the second workstation, where the grinding and polishing components grind and polish one side of the gear. The gear then rotates to the third workstation, where the flipping mechanism flips the gear. Subsequently, the grinding and polishing components at the fourth workstation process the other side of the gear. Finally, the turntable rotates back to the first workstation, the loading / unloading robotic arm removes the finished product and inserts a new gear, and the cycle repeats.

[0008] Preferably, the turntable assembly includes a collection cavity detachably mounted on the worktable, a turntable body rotatably mounted inside the collection cavity, a cam divider mounted on the worktable, the input end of the cam divider being connected to a drive motor, and the output end of the cam divider being connected to the turntable body.

[0009] Preferably, the grinding and polishing assembly includes an X-axis moving mechanism fixed on the worktable, an X-axis moving seat is provided on the output end of the X-axis moving mechanism, a Y-axis moving mechanism is provided on the output end of the X-axis moving seat, a Z-axis moving mechanism is provided on the output end of the Y-axis moving mechanism, and a grinding and polishing head is provided on the output end of the Z-axis moving mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, four vacuum clamps are evenly spaced on the turntable body, and the vacuum clamps are connected to a vacuum pump.

[0011] Preferably, the flipping mechanism includes a mounting frame, on which a rotating shaft is rotatably mounted. One end of the rotating shaft is connected to a drive mechanism, and the other end of the rotating shaft is connected to a mounting plate. A flipping frame is provided on the mounting plate, and a lifting mechanism is provided on the flipping frame. A clamping cylinder is provided on the output end of the lifting mechanism, and a clamping arm is provided on the output end of the clamping cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the drive mechanism includes a motor fixed on the mounting bracket, an active synchronous pulley is provided on the output end of the motor, a driven synchronous pulley is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, and the active synchronous pulley and the driven synchronous pulley are connected by a synchronous belt.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting cylinder fixed on the tilting frame, a lifting plate is provided on the output end of the lifting cylinder, the clamping cylinder is fixed on the lifting plate, a slider is fixedly installed on the lifting plate, a guide rail is fixedly installed on the tilting frame, and the slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail.

[0014] 3. Beneficial effects:

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this utility model has the following advantages:

[0016] This invention features four workstations for loading, first-side grinding and polishing, flipping, second-side grinding and polishing, and unloading. The intermittent rotation of the turntable assembly allows each workstation to operate in an orderly manner, achieving continuous and automated grinding and polishing of metal gears, thus improving processing efficiency. The entire grinding and polishing process is completed collaboratively by the loading and unloading robotic arms, the turntable assembly, the grinding and polishing assembly, and the flipping mechanism, reducing manual intervention, lowering labor intensity, and increasing the level of automation in production.

[0017] The X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis moving mechanisms in the grinding and polishing assembly of this invention can precisely adjust the position of the grinding and polishing head, ensuring accurate grinding and polishing of the gear surface and guaranteeing machining precision. The vacuum fixture firmly fixes the gear using the vacuum suction provided by the vacuum pump, preventing gear displacement during processing and ensuring stable grinding and polishing quality. Simultaneously, the precise operation of the flipping mechanism also ensures consistent processing quality on both sides of the gear. The flipping mechanism of this invention can accurately flip the gear, ensuring that the other side of the gear receives effective grinding and polishing, guaranteeing consistent processing on both sides. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model from another angle;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flipping mechanism of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the flipping mechanism structure from another angle of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding and polishing component structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the turntable assembly structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the turntable body structure of this utility model.

[0026] Figure label:

[0027] 1. Frame; 2. Worktable; 3. Turntable assembly; 31. Turntable body; 32. Cam divider; 33. Collection chamber; 34. Vacuum clamp; 35. Vacuum pump; 4. Loading and unloading robotic arm; 5. Grinding and polishing assembly; 51. X-axis moving mechanism; 52. X-axis moving seat; 53. Y-axis moving mechanism; 54. Z-axis moving mechanism; 55. Grinding and polishing head; 6. Flipping mechanism; 61. Mounting frame; 62. Rotating shaft; 63. Drive mechanism; 631. Motor; 632. Active synchronous pulley; 633. Synchronous belt; 634. Driven synchronous pulley; 64. Mounting plate; 65. Flipping frame; 66. Lifting mechanism; 661. Lifting cylinder; 662. Lifting plate; 663. Slider; 664. Guide rail; 67. Clamping cylinder; 68. Clamping arm. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more comprehensive description of the utility model will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show several embodiments of the utility model. However, the utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of the utility model will be more thorough and complete.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "page", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0030] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0031] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," and "equipped with" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] It should be noted that the structures not described in this utility model are the same as or can be implemented using existing technology, and will not be elaborated here, as they do not involve the design points and improvement directions of this utility model. Example

[0033] See attached document Figures 1-8 A grinding and polishing device for metal gear processing includes a frame 1, a worktable 2 on the frame 1, a turntable assembly 3 at the center of the worktable 2, and four workstations equidistantly arranged on the outer side of the turntable assembly 3. A loading and unloading robotic arm 4 is arranged at the first workstation, grinding and polishing components 5 are symmetrically arranged at the second and fourth workstations, and a flipping mechanism 6 is arranged at the third workstation. The loading and unloading robotic arm 4 at the first workstation picks up the gear to be processed and places it on the turntable assembly 3. The turntable rotates, and the gear reaches the second workstation. The grinding and polishing components 5 grind and polish one side of the gear. The gear rotates to the third workstation, where the flipping mechanism 6 flips the gear. Subsequently, the grinding and polishing components 5 at the fourth workstation process the other side of the gear. Finally, the turntable rotates back to the first workstation, the loading and unloading robotic arm takes out the finished product and puts in a new gear, and the cycle continues.

[0034] The turntable assembly 3 includes a collection cavity 33 that is detachably mounted on the worktable 2. The turntable body 31 is rotatably mounted inside the collection cavity 33. A cam divider 32 is mounted on the worktable 2. The input end of the cam divider 32 is connected to the drive motor, and the output end of the cam divider 32 is connected to the turntable body 31.

[0035] The grinding and polishing assembly 5 includes an X-axis moving mechanism 51 fixed on the worktable 2, an X-axis moving seat 52 provided on the output end of the X-axis moving mechanism 51, a Y-axis moving mechanism 53 provided on the output end of the X-axis moving seat 52, a Z-axis moving mechanism 54 provided on the output end of the Y-axis moving mechanism 53, and a grinding and polishing head 55 provided on the output end of the Z-axis moving mechanism 54.

[0036] Four vacuum clamps 34 are evenly spaced on the turntable body 31, and the vacuum clamps 34 are connected to the vacuum pump 35.

[0037] The flipping mechanism 6 includes a mounting frame 61, on which a rotating shaft 62 is rotatably mounted. One end of the rotating shaft 62 is connected to a drive mechanism 63, and the other end of the rotating shaft 62 is connected to a mounting plate 64. A flipping frame 65 is provided on the mounting plate 64, and a lifting mechanism 66 is provided on the flipping frame 65. A clamping cylinder 67 is provided on the output end of the lifting mechanism 66, and a clamping arm 68 is provided on the output end of the clamping cylinder 67.

[0038] The drive mechanism 63 includes a motor 631 fixed on the mounting bracket 61. A drive synchronous pulley 632 is provided on the output end of the motor 631. A driven synchronous pulley 634 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 62. The drive synchronous pulley 632 and the driven synchronous pulley 634 are connected by a synchronous belt 633.

[0039] The lifting mechanism 66 includes a lifting cylinder 661 fixed on the tilting frame 65, a lifting plate 662 provided on the output end of the lifting cylinder 661, a clamping cylinder 67 fixed on the lifting plate 662, a slider 663 fixedly installed on the lifting plate 662, a guide rail 664 fixedly installed on the tilting frame 65, and the slider 663 sliding up and down on the guide rail 664.

[0040] Working principle:

[0041] The first workstation's loading / unloading robotic arm 4 starts up. Its end gripper uses sensors to precisely identify the position and orientation of the gear to be processed. The gripper moves according to a preset program and path, accurately grasping the gear to be processed.

[0042] The loading / unloading robotic arm 4, equipped with gripping gears, smoothly moves above the turntable assembly 3. At this time, the vacuum clamp 34 on the turntable body 31 is in a ready-to-work state, and the vacuum pump 35 has been turned on in advance, creating a certain negative pressure inside the vacuum clamp 34.

[0043] The loading / unloading robotic arm 4 slowly lowers the gear to the corresponding position of the vacuum clamp 34. Once the gear reaches the predetermined position, the vacuum clamp 34 quickly picks up the gear, ensuring that the gear is firmly fixed on the turntable body 31. Subsequently, the loading / unloading robotic arm 4 releases the gripper and returns to the initial position, waiting for the next loading command.

[0044] The drive motor starts according to the set speed and running time, driving the cam divider 32 to rotate. The cam divider 32 uses a special cam mechanism to convert the continuous rotation of the drive motor into precise intermittent rotation, and its output drives the turntable body 31 to rotate according to a predetermined angle and time interval.

[0045] Driven by the cam divider 32, the turntable body 31 smoothly rotates the gear fixed on the vacuum fixture 34 from the first station to the second station. Simultaneously with the gear reaching the second station, the grinding and polishing assembly 5 begins operation.

[0046] The X-axis moving mechanism 51, fixed on the worktable 2, is activated. Its internal motor drives a lead screw or synchronous belt and other transmission devices to move the X-axis moving seat 52 along the X-axis direction. The X-axis moving seat 52 monitors its own position in real time through sensors and precisely adjusts to the appropriate X-axis coordinate position according to the preset program and machining parameters.

[0047] Once the X-axis moving base 52 reaches the predetermined position, the Y-axis moving mechanism 53 begins to operate. The working principle of the Y-axis moving mechanism 53 is similar to that of the X-axis moving mechanism 51. Through a motor-driven transmission device, the Y-axis moving mechanism 53, mounted on the output end of the X-axis moving base 52, moves along the Y-axis direction. Similarly, it is precisely adjusted to the corresponding Y-axis coordinate position by a sensor.

[0048] Next, the Z-axis moving mechanism 54 is activated, driving movement in the Z-axis direction, causing the polishing head 55 mounted on the output end of the Y-axis moving mechanism 53 to gradually approach the gear surface. During the approach process, the Z-axis moving mechanism 54 precisely controls the contact pressure and distance between the polishing head 55 and the gear surface based on distance information fed back by the sensor.

[0049] Once the polishing head 55 reaches the appropriate working distance and pressure with the gear surface, it begins to rotate at high speed to polish one side of the gear. During the polishing process, the X-axis moving mechanism 51, Y-axis moving mechanism 53, and Z-axis moving mechanism 54 adjust the position of the polishing head 55 in real time according to the preset processing path and parameters to ensure comprehensive, uniform, and precise polishing of the gear surface.

[0050] After one side is polished, the turntable body 31 continues to rotate under the drive of the cam divider 32, smoothly rotating the gear to the third position. At this time, the flipping mechanism 6 starts to work.

[0051] The motor 631 of the flipping mechanism 6 starts, and the output shaft of the motor 631 drives the driving synchronous pulley 632 to rotate at high speed. The driving synchronous pulley 632 transmits power to the driven synchronous pulley 634 through the synchronous belt 633. The driven synchronous pulley 634 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 62, thereby driving the rotating shaft 62 to rotate. At the same time as the rotating shaft 62 rotates, the mounting plate 64 mounted on the other end of the rotating shaft 62 also rotates. After the mounting plate 64 rotates to the appropriate position, the lifting cylinder 661 fixed on the flipping frame 65 is activated. The piston rod of the lifting cylinder 661 extends, pushing the lifting plate 662 to move downward along the guide rail 664 on the flipping frame 65. As the lifting plate 662 descends, the clamping cylinder 67 fixed on the lifting plate 662 gradually approaches the gear. When the clamping cylinder 67 reaches the appropriate position, the clamping cylinder 67 is activated, and its output clamping arm 68 opens and accurately clamps the gear.

[0052] After the clamping arm 68 clamps the gear, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 661 retracts, causing the lifting plate 662, the clamping cylinder 67, and the clamped gear to rise together, so that the gear leaves the vacuum clamp 34 on the turntable body 31. The motor 631 starts again, driving the rotating shaft 62 to rotate 180° through the synchronous belt transmission mechanism, thereby flipping the clamped gear.

[0053] After the gear is flipped, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 661 extends again, slowly lowering the gear to the corresponding position of the vacuum clamp 34 on the turntable body 31. Once the gear is in place, the clamping cylinder 67 releases the grippers, and the lifting cylinder 661 drives the lifting plate 662 and other components to rise back to their initial positions. At the same time, the vacuum clamp 34 re-engages the gear, ensuring its stability during subsequent processing.

[0054] Driven by the cam divider 32, the turntable body 31 rotates the flipped gear from the third station to the fourth station. At this time, the grinding and polishing assembly 5 at the fourth station begins to work, and its working process is similar to that of the grinding and polishing assembly 5 at the second station. The X-axis moving mechanism 51, Y-axis moving mechanism 53, and Z-axis moving mechanism 54 work together to precisely adjust the position of the grinding and polishing head 55 according to the preset processing parameters and path, so that the grinding and polishing head 55 is close to the other side of the gear. When the grinding and polishing head 55 reaches a suitable working state with the gear surface, the grinding and polishing head 55 rotates at high speed to grind and polish the other side of the gear. During the grinding and polishing process, the three-axis moving mechanism also finely adjusts the position of the grinding and polishing head 55 in real time to ensure high-quality grinding and polishing of the other side of the gear.

[0055] After the gear has been polished on both sides, the turntable body 31 rotates back to the first position under the drive of the cam divider 32. At this time, the loading / unloading robotic arm 4 starts again, and its grippers move to the top of the gear that has been processed on the turntable body 31. The grippers of the loading / unloading robotic arm 4 accurately grasp the finished gear, while the vacuum clamp 34 stops adsorption. The loading / unloading robotic arm 4 carries the finished gear up and moves to the designated unloading position, placing the finished gear on the corresponding collection device or conveyor belt.

[0056] After unloading is completed, the loading / unloading robotic arm 4 immediately returns to the loading position. Following the loading operation procedure, it grabs the new gear to be processed and places it on the vacuum clamp 34 on the turntable body 31, completing one complete cycle operation. The equipment will continuously repeat the above working process to achieve continuous and efficient grinding and polishing of metal gears.

[0057] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of certain implementations of this utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed. However, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A polishing device for metal gear machining, comprising a rack (1), a workbench (2) is arranged on the rack (1), characterized in that: The center of the workbench (2) is provided with a turntable assembly (3), the outer side of the turntable assembly (3) is provided with four stations at equal intervals, a feeding and discharging mechanical arm (4) is arranged on the first station, polishing assemblies (5) are symmetrically arranged on the second station and the fourth station, and a turning mechanism (6) is arranged on the third station. The feeding and discharging mechanical arm (4) on the first station grabs a gear to be processed and places it on the turntable assembly (3). The turntable rotates, the gear reaches the second station, the polishing assembly (5) polishes one side of the gear, the gear turns to the third station, the turning mechanism (6) turns the gear, then the polishing assembly (5) on the fourth station processes the other side of the gear, finally, the turntable turns back to the first station, the feeding and discharging mechanical arm takes out the finished product and puts in a new gear, and the cycle operation is realized.

2. A polishing device for metal gear machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turntable assembly (3) comprises a collecting cavity (33) detachably mounted on the workbench (2), a turntable body (31) rotatably mounted in the collecting cavity (33), and a cam divider (32) mounted on the workbench (2). An input end of the cam divider (32) is connected with a driving motor, and an output end of the cam divider (32) is connected with the turntable body (31).

3. The polishing device for metal gear machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polishing assembly (5) comprises an X-axis moving mechanism (51) fixed on the workbench (2), an X-axis moving seat (52) arranged on an output end of the X-axis moving mechanism (51), a Y-axis moving mechanism (53) arranged on an output end of the X-axis moving seat (52), a Z-axis moving mechanism (54) arranged on an output end of the Y-axis moving mechanism (53), and a polishing head (55) arranged on an output end of the Z-axis moving mechanism (54).

4. The polishing device for metal gear machining according to claim 2, characterized in that: Four vacuum clamps (34) are arranged at equal intervals on the turntable body (31), and the vacuum clamps (34) are connected with a vacuum pump (35).

5. The polishing device for metal gear machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turning mechanism (6) comprises a mounting frame (61), a rotating shaft (62) rotatably mounted on the mounting frame (61), a driving mechanism (63) connected with one end of the rotating shaft (62), a mounting disc (64) connected with the other end of the rotating shaft (62), a turnover frame (65) arranged on the mounting disc (64), a lifting mechanism (66) arranged on the turnover frame (65), a clamping cylinder (67) arranged on an output end of the lifting mechanism (66), and a clamping arm (68) arranged on an output end of the clamping cylinder (67).

6. A polishing device for metal gear machining according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (63) comprises a motor (631) fixed on the mounting frame (61), a driving synchronous pulley (632) arranged on an output end of the motor (631), and a driven synchronous pulley (634) fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (62). The driving synchronous pulley (632) and the driven synchronous pulley (634) are connected through a synchronous belt (633).

7. The polishing device for metal gear machining according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (66) comprises a lifting cylinder (661) fixed on the turnover frame (65), an output end of the lifting cylinder (661) is provided with a lifting plate (662), the clamping cylinder (67) is fixed on the lifting plate (662), the lifting plate (662) is fixedly installed with a sliding block (663), the turnover frame (65) is fixedly installed with a guide rail (664), and the sliding block (663) is installed on the guide rail (664) in an up-down sliding mode.

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