Bidirectional loading rock mechanical test device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a bidirectional loading rock mechanical test device which comprises a base, a top plate supported on the top of the base through two supporting columns, a lower disc arranged above the base, a vertical loading mechanism arranged between the base and the lower disc, and a bottom plate fixed on the top of the lower disc, a first supporting plate and a second supporting plate are arranged on the two sides of the top of the bottom plate respectively, a base plate is arranged on the side, facing the second supporting plate, of the first supporting plate, a horizontal loading mechanism is arranged between the first supporting plate and the base plate, and an upper disc concentric with the lower disc is arranged below the top plate; the vertical loading mechanism is used for driving the lower disc to vertically move close to or away from the upper disc; the horizontal loading mechanism is used for driving the base plate to horizontally move close to or away from the second supporting plate, the simulation degree of the test is improved through combined application of the horizontal lateral mechanism and the vertical lateral mechanism, the stability and the bearing capacity of rock can be evaluated more accurately, the engineering cost is reduced, and the overall economical efficiency of a project is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rock mechanics testing technology, and in particular to a bidirectional loading rock mechanics testing device. Background Technology

[0002] Fissures in underground rock masses are primarily formed naturally or caused by external forces. Furthermore, due to the complexity of geological structures, the direction of force on these fissures is uncertain. Therefore, uniaxial compression tests often cannot fully reflect the true stress conditions of underground rock, and the effects of lateral forces must also be considered. This uncertainty in the direction of force on underground rock masses poses a significant challenge to the safety of underground construction operations.

[0003] There have been many achievements in the study of “the impact of bidirectional loading on the failure of fractured rock masses”, such as the use of rock triaxial apparatus. However, the purchase cost of this instrument or similar equipment is expensive, which limits the study of the impact of bidirectional loading on rock mass failure.

[0004] Therefore, research in this area is urgently needed to provide an experimental basis for realizing bidirectional loading design and to make up for the deficiencies in this area. This utility model provides a bidirectional loading rock mechanics test device, which is not only simple and easy to operate, but also provides strong experimental data for the failure analysis of fractured rock masses under lateral pressure. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the technical problems existing in the background technology, this utility model proposes a bidirectional loading rock mechanics testing device. This device enables destructive mechanics testing of jointed rock masses in roadways under bidirectional loading, thus overcoming the shortcomings in this area of ​​testing. Furthermore, the testing device is simple and easy to operate. By precisely controlling the loading direction and magnitude, it can simulate the actual stress state of rock under bidirectional loading, providing a reliable experimental environment for the study of rock mechanical properties. It also significantly improves experimental efficiency, is stable and reliable, and has high practical value.

[0006] This utility model is achieved using the following technical solution: a bidirectional loading rock mechanics testing device, comprising a base, the top of which is supported by two pillars with a top plate.

[0007] A lower disc is provided above the base, and a vertical loading mechanism is provided between the base and the lower disc.

[0008] A base plate is fixed to the top of the lower disc.

[0009] A first support plate and a second support plate are respectively provided on the top two sides of the base plate. A pad is provided on the side of the first support plate facing the second support plate. A horizontal loading mechanism is provided between the first support plate and the pad.

[0010] Below the top plate is an upper disc concentric with the lower disc;

[0011] The vertical loading mechanism is used to drive the lower disk to move vertically closer to or further away from the upper disk;

[0012] The horizontal loading mechanism is used to drive the pad to move horizontally closer to or away from the second support plate.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above solution, the vertical loading mechanism includes a servo cylinder, which is located on the top of the base. A servo motor adapted to the servo cylinder is located on the top of the servo cylinder, and the output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the bottom of the lower disc.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above solution, the horizontal loading mechanism includes a hydraulic jack, and the first support plate has a groove on the side facing the second support plate for accommodating the hydraulic jack. The hydraulic rod of the hydraulic jack is connected and fixed to the side of the pad plate near the first support plate.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above solution, a pressure sensor is installed on the outer wall of the servo motor, and the sensing units of the pressure sensor are evenly distributed on the side of the pad facing the second support plate and the bottom of the upper disk.

[0016] As a further improvement to the above solution, a bearing seat is concentrically fixed at the bottom of the lower disk, and the bearing seat has a bearing at its bottom. The inner ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the output shaft of the servo motor.

[0017] As a further improvement to the above solution, a bearing seat is fixed at the bottom of the top plate, and a bearing is provided at the bottom of the bearing seat. A connecting shaft is inserted and fixed to the inner ring of the bearing, and the bottom of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the top center of the upper disc.

[0018] As a further improvement to the above solution, the first support plate is fixed to the top of the base plate, and four tie rods are fixed in a rectangular arrangement on the side of the first support plate facing the second support plate. The second support plate has four through holes in a rectangular arrangement, and each tie rod passes through the corresponding through hole and is locked and fixed by bolts.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0020] 1. The bidirectional loading rock mechanics testing device of this utility model improves safety and economy. The combined application of horizontal and vertical lateral mechanisms enhances the simulation of the test, helps to more accurately evaluate the stability and bearing capacity of the rock, and reduces engineering costs, thereby improving the overall economic efficiency of the project.

[0021] 2. The bidirectional loading rock mechanics test device of this utility model broadens the research scope: the use of the lateral pressure device enables more researchers to explore the changes in the mechanical properties of rocks under different lateral pressure levels, such as strength, deformation modulus and failure mode.

[0022] 3. The bidirectional loading rock mechanics testing device of this utility model is simple to connect, easy to use, and has great practical value. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A

[0025] Explanation of key symbols:

[0026] 1. Base; 2. Top plate; 3. Support column; 4. Servo motor; 5. Bearing seat; 6. Lower disc; 7. Base plate; 8. First support plate; 9. Second support plate; 10. Tie rod; 11. Bolt; 12. Groove; 13. Hydraulic jack; 14. Pad plate; 15. Pressure sensor; 16. Upper disc; 17. Servo cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0028] Please combine Figures 1 to 2 A bidirectional loading rock mechanics testing device includes a base 1, with a top plate 2 supported by two pillars 3 on top of the base 1.

[0029] A lower disc 6 is provided above the base 1, and a vertical loading mechanism is provided between the base 1 and the lower disc 6 to apply a vertical force to the specimen.

[0030] A rectangular base plate 7 is fixed to the top of the lower disc 6.

[0031] A first support plate 8 and a second support plate 9 are respectively provided on the top two sides of the base plate 7. A pad 14 is provided on the side of the first support plate 8 facing the second support plate 9. A horizontal loading mechanism is provided between the first support plate 8 and the pad 14 to apply a horizontal lateral force to the specimen.

[0032] Below the top plate 2, there is an upper disc 16 concentric with the lower disc 6.

[0033] The vertical loading mechanism is used to drive the lower disk 6 to move vertically closer to or further away from the upper disk 16.

[0034] The horizontal loading mechanism is used to drive the pad 14 to move horizontally toward or away from the second support plate 9.

[0035] The vertical loading mechanism includes a servo cylinder 17, which is located on the top of the base 1. A servo motor 4 adapted to the servo cylinder 17 is located on the top of the servo cylinder 17, and the output shaft of the servo motor 4 is connected to the bottom of the lower disc 6.

[0036] The horizontal loading mechanism includes a hydraulic jack 13. A groove 12 for accommodating the hydraulic jack 13 is provided on the side of the first support plate 8 facing the second support plate 9. The hydraulic rod of the hydraulic jack 13 is connected to a fixing pad 14 on the side near the first support plate 8.

[0037] A pressure sensor 15 is installed on the outer wall of the servo motor 4. The sensing units of the pressure sensor 15 are evenly distributed on the side of the pad 14 facing the second support plate 9 and the bottom of the upper disk 16.

[0038] A bearing seat 5 is concentrically fixed to the bottom of the lower disc 6. The bearing seat 5 has a bearing at its bottom, and the inner ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the output shaft of the servo motor 4.

[0039] A bearing seat 5 is fixed at the bottom of the top plate 2. The bearing seat 5 has a bearing at its bottom. A connecting shaft is inserted and fixed to the inner ring of the bearing. The bottom of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the top center of the upper disc 16.

[0040] The first support plate 8 is fixed to the top of the base plate 7. Four tie rods 10 are fixed in a rectangular arrangement on the side of the first support plate 8 facing the second support plate 9. The second support plate 9 has four through holes in a rectangular arrangement. Each tie rod 10 passes through the corresponding through hole and is locked and fixed by bolts 11.

[0041] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0042] The specimen is placed on top of the base plate 7, and the second support plate 9 is moved toward the first support plate 8 to pre-compress and position the specimen between the pad 14 and the second support plate 9. Then, the hydraulic jack 13 drives the pad 14 to apply lateral pressure to the specimen to the predetermined strength. After the lateral pressure is stabilized, the servo motor 4 and the servo cylinder 17 drive the lower disc 6 to move upward until the specimen contacts the bottom of the upper disc 16 to apply vertical pressure to the specimen, thereby completing the purpose of bidirectional loading. The pressure sensor 15 can record the corresponding pressure value of bidirectional loading for testing purposes.

[0043] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on this utility model shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

Claims

1. A bidirectional loading rock mechanics testing device, characterized in that, The base is provided with a top plate supported by two support columns, a lower disc is arranged above the base, a vertical loading mechanism is arranged between the base and the lower disc, the top of the lower disc is fixed with a bottom plate, the top of the bottom plate is provided with a first support plate and a second support plate respectively, the side of the first support plate facing the second support plate is provided with a backing plate, a horizontal loading mechanism is arranged between the first support plate and the backing plate, and an upper disc concentric with the lower disc is arranged below the top plate. The vertical loading mechanism is used for driving the lower disc to move vertically close to or away from the upper disc, and the horizontal loading mechanism is used for driving the backing plate to move horizontally close to or away from the second support plate.

2. The bi-directional loading rock mechanics testing device of claim 1, wherein, The vertical loading mechanism comprises a servo cylinder arranged at the top of the base, a servo motor matched with the servo cylinder is arranged at the top of the servo cylinder, and the output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the bottom of the lower disc.

3. The bi-directional loading rock mechanics testing device of claim 2, wherein, The horizontal loading mechanism comprises a hydraulic jack, a groove is formed in the side of the first support plate facing the second support plate, and the hydraulic jack is arranged in the groove, and the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic jack is connected to the side of the backing plate close to the first support plate.

4. The bi-directional loading rock mechanics testing device of claim 3, wherein, A pressure sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the servo motor, and the side of the backing plate facing the second support plate and the bottom of the upper disc are uniformly provided with sensing units of the pressure sensor.

5. The bi-directional loading rock mechanics testing device of claim 2, wherein, The bottom of the lower disc is concentrically fixed with a bearing seat, the bottom of the bearing seat is provided with a bearing, and the inner ring of the bearing is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the output shaft of the servo motor.

6. The bi-directional loading rock mechanics testing device of claim 1, wherein, The bottom of the top plate is fixed with a bearing seat, the bottom of the bearing seat is provided with a bearing, the inner ring of the bearing is inserted and fixed with a connecting shaft, and the bottom of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the top center of the upper disc.

7. The bi-directional loading rock mechanics testing device of claim 1, wherein, The first support plate is fixed at the top of the bottom plate, four reinforcing bars are fixed on the side of the first support plate facing the second support plate in a rectangular distribution, four through holes are formed in the second support plate in a rectangular shape, and each reinforcing bar passes through the corresponding through hole and is locked and fixed by a bolt.

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