Electrode structure of electrochromic dimming film

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of electrochromism, in particular to an electrode structure of an electrochromic dimming film, which comprises a first transparent conducting layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, a charge storage layer and a second transparent conducting layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. Projections of all the extension parts on the same horizontal plane are arranged in a staggered manner, and the metal electrodes connected with the extension parts of the same transparent conductive layer are far away from the conductive surface of the extension part of another transparent conductive layer; a stabilizing part is arranged between every two adjacent extending parts, and the two metal electrodes connected with the different transparent conducting layers pass through the upper portion and the lower portion of each stabilizing part respectively. According to the utility model, the resistance is reduced, the current introduction efficiency is improved, the short-circuit risk is reduced, the electric field distribution is optimized, and the structural stability is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electrochromic technology, and in particular to an electrode structure for an electrochromic color-changing thin film. Background Technology

[0002] Electrochromic color-changing films, a next-generation smart glass technology, have become a new strategic growth point for next-generation new energy vehicles, smart homes, energy-saving technologies, and consumer electronics. Smart glass based on electrochromic technology can repeatedly and controllably adjust its heat insulation and light transmission properties according to the application scenario and temperature environment. It can selectively absorb or reflect external heat radiation and internal heat diffusion, reducing the large amounts of energy consumed by vehicles, public buildings, and residential buildings to keep cool in summer and warm in winter. Simultaneously, it improves natural light levels, protects privacy, and regulates the comfort of indoor spaces.

[0003] Electrochromic technology works by using an applied voltage to cause ions in the electrolyte layer to enter or leave the electrochromic material, resulting in oxidation or reduction reactions and causing the smart glass to switch between a transparent and dark state. The structure of an electrochromic device is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it consists of three layers of material sandwiched between two transparent electrodes. The three layers have interfaces between them and are arranged in sequence as a charge storage layer, an electrolyte layer, and an electrochromic layer.

[0004] The transparent conductive layer of electrochromic devices is typically composed of conductive metal oxides, such as ITO and IZO, with a surface resistivity ranging from 1 Ω / □ to 500 Ω / □. As the size of electrochromic devices increases, the resistance of the transparent conductive layer affects current conduction, leading to problems such as slow color change and uneven color distribution. To address this current conduction issue, high-conductivity metal electrodes, such as metal wires or metal strips (copper foil, aluminum foil), need to be placed at the device's edges. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the metal electrode structure. To ensure it can be fixed to the transparent conductive layer of the electrochromic device, conductive adhesive is applied to one or both sides of the single conductive layer, such as... Figure 2 As shown. Traditional wiring methods for electrochromic devices using single-conductive-layer electrodes include "L"-shaped and "grid"-shaped wiring, such as... Figure 4-5 As shown.

[0005] Due to the significant difference in conductivity between the single-conductive metal electrode at the edge of the transparent conductive layer of an electrochromic device and the transparent conductive layer itself, the commonly used "L"-shaped or "grid"-shaped wiring method for single-conductive electrode has many problems. For example, the single-conductive metal electrodes located at the edges of the upper and lower transparent conductive layers are connected through the higher-resistance upper and lower transparent conductive layers to form the electrochromic device circuit. Because the relative positions of the metal electrodes of the upper and lower transparent conductive layers are relatively far apart (except at the corners of the electrochromic device), the resistance between them increases, thus affecting the current input. This results in significant differences in the electrochromic speed at different locations, and these problems are particularly prominent for larger-area electrochromic devices. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an electrode structure for an electrochromic color-changing thin film, addressing the problems of increased resistance, uneven current input, and inconsistent color-changing speeds caused by the relatively distant relative positions of the metal electrodes in the upper and lower transparent conductive layers of traditional electrochromic devices. Furthermore, to address the short-circuit risk areas inherent in traditional comb-shaped electrode arrangements, insulating tape is added between the comb-shaped edges of the upper and lower transparent conductive layers to ensure complete isolation between the metal electrodes and the sides of the comb teeth. This effectively reduces the short-circuit risk, improves the performance and reliability of the electrochromic device, and ensures stable operation and rapid, uniform color-changing effects.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an electrode structure for an electrochromic color-changing thin film, comprising, from bottom to top, a first transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, a charge storage layer, and a second transparent conductive layer. Both the first and second transparent conductive layers have extensions protruding outwards from the same side. The projections of all extensions on the same horizontal plane are staggered. The metal electrode connected to the extension of the same transparent conductive layer is away from the conductive surface of the extension of another transparent conductive layer. A stabilizing portion is provided between adjacent extensions, and two metal electrodes connected to different transparent conductive layers pass above and below the stabilizing portion, respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the stabilizing portion is formed by the first transparent conductive layer, the electrochromic layer, the electrolyte layer, the charge storage layer, and the second transparent conductive layer extending outward together.

[0009] Preferably, an insulating tape is connected between the upper surface edge of the extension of the first transparent conductive layer and the upper surface edge of the extension of the second transparent conductive layer, and the insulating tape is connected between the lower surface edge of the extension of the second transparent conductive layer and the lower surface edge of the extension of the first transparent conductive layer.

[0010] Preferably, the insulating tape connecting the upper surface edge of the extension of the first transparent conductive layer passes over the stabilizing portion and then connects to the upper surface of the extension of the second transparent conductive layer; the insulating tape connecting the lower surface edge of the extension of the second transparent conductive layer passes under the stabilizing portion and then connects to the lower surface of the extension of the first transparent conductive layer.

[0011] Preferably, the extensions of the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer are staggered in their projections in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the film.

[0012] Preferably, both the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer are provided with a PET base layer, and are located on the surfaces opposite to each other.

[0013] Preferably, the metal electrode is composed of a tightly bonded metal conductive adhesive and a metal conductive layer, wherein the metal conductive adhesive is distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the metal conductive layer, or is located only on the upper or lower surface of the metal conductive layer.

[0014] Preferably, the metal conductive layer is made of copper foil or aluminum foil to ensure that the current can be evenly distributed on the transparent conductive layer; the metal conductive adhesive is made of silver paste or copper paste to ensure that the current can be smoothly introduced from the metal conductive layer into the transparent conductive layer.

[0015] Preferably, the charge storage layer stores charge during the electrochromic process, providing a charge source for the redox reaction of the electrochromic material; the electrolyte layer conducts ions during the electrochromic process, providing an ion source for the redox reaction of the electrochromic material; under the drive of an applied voltage, the electrochromic layer undergoes a redox reaction through the entry or exit of ions in the electrolyte layer, realizing the conversion between the transparent and dark states.

[0016] Preferably, the charge storage layer is made of metal oxide or polymer; the electrolyte layer is made of solid electrolyte or gel electrolyte; and the electrochromic layer is made of metal oxide or polymer.

[0017] In summary, this utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] The comb-like edge design brings the metal electrodes of the upper and lower transparent conductive layers closer together in space, significantly reducing the resistance between them. This design helps the current to be distributed more evenly across the transparent conductive layer, improving the current conduction efficiency and ensuring that the electrochromic device can change color quickly and uniformly.

[0019] A section that is not completely cut or extends outward together is retained in the gaps of the comb-shaped electrodes, which makes the arrangement of the metal electrodes more stable and increases the adjustable range of the positive and negative electrode spacing of the comb-shaped electrodes.

[0020] Traditional electrode arrangements present multiple short-circuit risk areas, especially on the sides of the comb teeth. This invention addresses this by adding insulating tape between the metal electrodes and the sides of the comb teeth, completely isolating them and effectively preventing short circuits. This not only improves the device's safety but also enhances its overall performance and reliability.

[0021] The comb-like edge design optimizes the electric field distribution, making the electric field more uniform and thus improving the redox reaction efficiency of the electrochromic material. This helps to achieve a faster and more uniform color-changing effect, improving the overall performance of the electrochromic device.

[0022] The staggered design of the comb-like edges strengthens the connection between the upper and lower transparent conductive layers, enhancing the device's mechanical stability. This design helps the device maintain good performance during long-term use, extending its lifespan.

[0023] By solving the technical problems of traditional electrochromic devices, this invention improves the overall performance and reliability of electrochromic devices, making their application more widespread and effective in fields such as new energy vehicles, smart homes, energy-saving technologies, and consumer electronics. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the electrochromic device structure;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a single conductive layer electrode structure;

[0026] Figure 3 A simplified cross-sectional diagram of an electrochromic device;

[0027] Figure 4 Top view of the wiring for the "#" electrode;

[0028] Figure 5 Top view of the wiring for the "L" electrode;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the comb-shaped edges of the upper and lower transparent conductive layers in the electrochromic device of Example 1, and the connection method between the metal electrode and the conductive layer.

[0030] Figure 7 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the edge comb-shaped electrode and the stabilizing part in Example 2;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the comb-shaped edges of the upper and lower transparent conductive layers, the stabilizing part, the insulating tape, and the connection method of the metal electrodes in the electrochromic device of Example 3.

[0032] Figure 9This is a magnified schematic diagram of the edge comb-shaped electrode, the stabilizing part, the insulation, and the metal electrode in Example 3.

[0033] Reference numerals: 1. Transparent conductive layer one; 2. Transparent conductive layer two; 3. Extension; 4. Charge storage layer; 5. Electrolyte layer; 6. Electrochromic layer; 7. Lower metal electrode; 8. Upper metal electrode; 9. Metal conductive adhesive; 10. Metal conductive layer; 11. Insulating tape; 12. Single conductive layer electrode; 13. PET base layer; 14. ITO transparent conductive layer; 15. Metal electrode; 16. Electrochromic material layer; 17. Stabilizing part. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0035] This invention discloses an electrode structure for an electrochromic color-changing thin film, which brings the metal electrodes 15 of the upper and lower transparent conductive layers closer together, reducing their resistance and facilitating current input. This results in a more uniform electrochromic rate throughout the film, making it particularly suitable for large-size electrochromic devices. The invention includes, from bottom to top, a transparent conductive layer 1, an electrochromic layer 6, an electrolyte layer 5, a charge storage layer 4, and a second transparent conductive layer 2. The edges of both the first and second transparent conductive layers 1 and 2 on the same side are comb-shaped, and the comb-shaped edges of the first and second transparent conductive layers 1 and 2 are staggered, thus bringing the metal electrodes 15 connecting the first and second transparent conductive layers 1 and 2 closer together in space.

[0036] The transparent conductive layer is a key component of the electrochromic color-changing film, consisting of a transparent PET (polyethylene terephthalate) base layer and an ITO (indium tin oxide) conductive layer. Its uniform thickness and smooth surface ensure good transparency and conductivity. Transparent conductive layer 2 and transparent conductive layer 1 are located on the upper and lower sides of the electrochromic color-changing film, forming a symmetrical structure. The conductive surface of transparent conductive layer 2 faces downwards, and the conductive surface of transparent conductive layer 1 faces upwards. They are separated by a charge storage layer 4, an electrolyte layer 5, and an electrochromic layer 6. The main function of the transparent conductive layer is to provide a transparent conductive channel for the electrochromic device, ensuring that the current can be uniformly distributed on the electrochromic material, achieving a rapid and uniform color-changing effect. Simultaneously, the high transparency of the transparent conductive layer ensures the high transmittance of the electrochromic color-changing film in the transparent state, without affecting light transmission.

[0037] The PET substrate 13 is located on the back of the transparent conductive layer and is tightly bonded to the non-conductive side of the transparent conductive layer. Its material is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which has good mechanical strength and transparency, and provides support for the transparent conductive layer, ensuring that the transparent conductive layer remains flat and stable during use. At the same time, the high transparency of the PET substrate 13 ensures the high transmittance of the electrochromic color-changing film in the transparent state, without affecting light transmission.

[0038] In this embodiment, both transparent conductive layer 1 and transparent conductive layer 2, based on the original cuboid sheet shape, have one or more extensions 3 protruding outward from the edge on the same side. In the same horizontal plane, the projections of the extensions 3 of transparent conductive layer 1 and transparent conductive layer 2 on the horizontal plane are arranged alternately.

[0039] Metal electrodes 15 are located at the edges of the extensions 3 of transparent conductive layer 1 and transparent conductive layer 2. Their material is typically a highly conductive metal, such as copper or aluminum foil. Metal electrodes 15 consist of a lower metal electrode 7 for connecting the extension 3 of transparent conductive layer 1 and an upper metal electrode 8 for connecting the extension 3 of transparent conductive layer 2. They are in direct contact and tightly bonded to the conductive surfaces of the extensions 3 of transparent conductive layer 1 and transparent conductive layer 2, respectively. The main function of metal electrodes 15 is to provide highly conductive current inlet and outlet channels for the electrochromic device, ensuring that the current is evenly distributed across transparent conductive layer 1 and transparent conductive layer 2. The high conductivity of metal electrodes 15 helps reduce resistance and improve current inlet and outlet efficiency, thereby improving the performance of the electrochromic device, such as color-changing speed and uniformity. Simultaneously, the connection method between metal electrodes 15 and transparent conductive layers 1 and 2 is rationally designed to effectively prevent short circuits and improve device reliability.

[0040] Specifically, after the same metal electrode 15 is connected to the upper surface of the extension 3 of the first transparent conductive layer 1, it passes above the extension 3 of the second transparent conductive layer 2 and then connects to the upper surface of another adjacent extension 3 of the first transparent conductive layer 1. Since the conductive surface of the first transparent conductive layer 1 faces upward and the conductive surface of the second transparent conductive layer 2 faces downward, the metal electrode 15 is only connected to the first transparent conductive layer 1. Conversely, after the other metal electrode 15 is connected to the lower surface of the extension 3 of the second transparent conductive layer 2, it passes below the extension 3 of the first transparent conductive layer 1 and then connects to the lower surface of another adjacent extension 3 of the second transparent conductive layer 2. The metal electrode 15 is only connected to the second transparent conductive layer 2.

[0041] like Figure 6As shown, the upper transparent conductive layer (PET / ITO) has its conductive surface facing down, which is assumed to be the positive electrode; the lower transparent conductive layer (PET / ITO) has its conductive surface facing up, which is assumed to be the negative electrode. The lower metal electrode 7 is connected to the upper transparent conductive layer with its conductive surface facing down, and is the positive electrode; the lower metal electrode 7 is connected to the lower transparent conductive layer with its conductive surface facing up, and is the negative electrode.

[0042] In this embodiment, the metal electrode 15 is composed of a tightly bonded metal conductive adhesive 9 and a metal conductive layer 10. The metal conductive adhesive 9 may be distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the metal conductive layer 10, or may be located only on the upper or lower surface of the metal conductive layer 10. The metal conductive layer 10 is typically made of a highly conductive metal, such as copper foil or aluminum foil. Its main function is to provide a highly conductive current conduction channel for the electrochromic device, ensuring that the current can be uniformly distributed on the transparent conductive layer. The high conductivity of the metal conductive layer 10 helps to reduce resistance and improve the current conduction efficiency, thereby improving the performance of the electrochromic device, such as the color-changing speed and uniformity. The metal conductive adhesive 9 is typically made of a highly conductive metal paste, such as silver paste or copper paste. Its main function is to connect the metal conductive layer 10 to the transparent conductive layer, ensuring that the current can be smoothly conducted from the metal conductive layer 10 into the transparent conductive layer. The high conductivity of the metal conductive adhesive 9 helps to reduce contact resistance and improve the current conduction efficiency.

[0043] The charge storage layer 4 is located below the second transparent conductive layer 2 and is tightly bonded to it. The material is typically a medium capable of storing charge, such as certain metal oxides or polymers. The sheet-like charge storage layer 4 is situated between the second transparent conductive layer 2 and the electrolyte layer 5, in direct contact with the conductive surface of the second transparent conductive layer 2. Its main function is to store charge during the electrochromic process, providing a charge source for the redox reaction of the electrochromic material. This helps improve the efficiency and stability of the electrochromic process, ensuring a rapid and uniform color change.

[0044] The electrolyte layer 5 is located below the charge storage layer 4 and is in close contact with it. The material is typically an electrolyte capable of conducting ions, such as a solid electrolyte or a gel electrolyte. The sheet-like electrolyte layer 5 lies between the charge storage layer 4 and the electrochromic layer 6, in direct contact with both. Its main function is to conduct ions during the electrochromic process, providing an ion source for the redox reaction of the electrochromic material. The ion conductivity of the electrolyte layer 5 directly affects the speed and uniformity of electrochromism; therefore, its material selection and thickness design are crucial.

[0045] The electrochromic layer 6 is located below the electrolyte layer 5 and is tightly bonded to it. The material is typically capable of undergoing an electrochromic reaction, such as certain metal oxides or polymers. The thin, sheet-like electrochromic layer 6 lies between the electrolyte layer 5 and the transparent conductive layer 1, in direct contact with the conductive surface of the transparent conductive layer 1. Its main function is to allow ions in the electrolyte layer 5 to enter or leave under an applied voltage, triggering a redox reaction that alters its optical properties, thus achieving the transition between a transparent and dark state. The choice of material and the thickness design of the electrochromic layer 6 directly affect the electrochromic performance, such as the color-changing speed, color depth, and stability.

[0046] Example 2:

[0047] This embodiment is an improvement upon Embodiment 1. In Embodiment 1, if the protruding positive and negative electrodes are far apart, the metal electrode 15 attached above them will have a long section suspended in the air. In this embodiment, a section that is not completely cut off or extends outward together is retained in the gaps of the comb-shaped electrodes, making the arrangement of the metal electrode 15 more stable and increasing the adjustable range of the positive and negative electrode spacing of the comb-shaped electrodes.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, a stabilizing part 17 is provided between the extension 3 of the adjacent transparent conductive layer 1 and the extension 3 of the transparent conductive layer 2. The stabilizing part 17 is a structure formed by the transparent conductive layer 2, the charge storage layer 4, the electrolyte layer 5, the electrochromic layer 6, and the transparent conductive layer 1 extending outward together. This structure can shorten the gap between the comb teeth, thereby shortening the suspended distance of the metal electrode 15 across the gap. The stabilizing part 17 is used to prevent the metal electrode 15 between the two comb teeth from crossing too long a distance, which would lead to instability. This allows for greater freedom in the design range of the spacing of the comb-shaped electrodes, while also improving the structural stability of the electrode.

[0049] After the same metal electrode 15 is connected to the upper surface of the extension 3 of the transparent conductive layer 1, it passes above the stabilizing part 17 and above the extension 3 of the transparent conductive layer 2 in sequence, and then connects to the upper surface of another adjacent extension 3 of the transparent conductive layer 1. Since the conductive surface of the transparent conductive layer 1 faces upward and the conductive surface of the transparent conductive layer 2 faces downward, the metal electrode 15 is only connected to the transparent conductive layer 1. Conversely, after the other metal electrode 15 is connected to the lower surface of the extension 3 of the transparent conductive layer 2, it passes below the stabilizing part 17 and below the extension 3 of the transparent conductive layer 1 in sequence, and then connects to the lower surface of another adjacent extension 3 of the transparent conductive layer 2. The metal electrode 15 is only connected to the transparent conductive layer 2.

[0050] Example 3:

[0051] This embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 2. In this embodiment, the gaps between the comb teeth are filled with insulating tape 11, and then the metal electrodes 15 are attached to both sides of the comb-shaped transparent conductive layer.

[0052] Specifically, when the metal electrode 15 is conducting multiple transparent conductive layers 1, an insulating tape 11 is connected from the upper surface of the extension portion 3 of the transparent conductive layer 1, over the stabilizing portion 17, to the upper surface of the second transparent conductive layer 2. The metal electrode 15 is located on the insulating tape 11 and is isolated from the stabilizing portion 17. Conversely, when the metal electrode 15 is conducting multiple transparent conductive layers 2, an insulating tape 11 is connected from the lower surface of the extension portion 3 of the second transparent conductive layer 2, under the stabilizing portion 17, to the upper surface of the extension portion 3 of the first transparent conductive layer 1. The metal electrode 15 is located below the insulating tape 11 and is isolated from the stabilizing portion 17.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An electrode structure for an electrochromic light modulating film, characterized by, The device comprises transparent conductive layer one (1), electrochromic layer (6), electrolyte layer (5), charge storage layer (4) and transparent conductive layer two (2) arranged from bottom to top, the transparent conductive layer one (1) and the transparent conductive layer two (2) both have extensions (3) protruding outward on the same side, the projections of all the extensions (3) on the same horizontal plane are staggered, the metal electrodes (15) of the extensions (3) connected to the same transparent conductive layer are away from the conductive surface of the extensions (3) of the other transparent conductive layer, and the two metal electrodes (15) connected to different transparent conductive layers pass above and below the stabilizing part (17) respectively.

2. The electrode structure of an electrochromic light modulating thin film according to claim 1, wherein The stabilizing part (17) is formed by the outward common extension of the transparent conductive layer one (1), the electrochromic layer (6), the electrolyte layer (5), the charge storage layer (4) and the transparent conductive layer two (2).

3. The electrode structure of an electrochromic light modulating thin film according to claim 2, wherein The upper surface edge of the extension (3) of the transparent conductive layer one (1) is connected with the upper surface edge of the extension (3) of the transparent conductive layer two (2) by the insulating tape (11), and the lower surface edge of the extension (3) of the transparent conductive layer two (2) is connected with the lower surface edge of the extension (3) of the transparent conductive layer one (1) by the insulating tape (11).

4. The electrode structure of an electrochromic light modulating thin film according to claim 3, wherein The insulating tape (11) connected to the upper surface edge of the extension (3) of the transparent conductive layer one (1) passes above the stabilizing part (17) and then connects to the upper surface of the extension (3) of the transparent conductive layer two (2), and the insulating tape (11) connected to the lower surface edge of the extension (3) of the transparent conductive layer two (2) passes below the stabilizing part (17) and then connects to the lower surface of the extension (3) of the transparent conductive layer one (1).

5. The electrode structure of an electrochromic light modulating film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The projections of the extensions (3) of the transparent conductive layer one (1) and the transparent conductive layer two (2) in the direction perpendicular to the film plane are staggered.

6. The electrode structure of an electrochromic light modulating film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Both the transparent conductive layer one (1) and the transparent conductive layer two (2) are provided with PET base layers (13) on the surfaces opposite to each other.

7. The electrode structure of an electrochromic light modulating film according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein The metal electrodes (15) are composed of closely adhered metal conductive adhesive (9) and metal conductive layer (10), the metal conductive adhesive (9) is distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the metal conductive layer (10), or only on the upper surface or the lower surface of the metal conductive layer (10).

8. The electrode structure of an electrochromic light modulating thin film according to claim 7, wherein The metal conductive layer (10) adopts copper foil or aluminum foil to ensure that the current can be uniformly distributed on the transparent conductive layer, and the metal conductive adhesive (9) adopts silver adhesive or copper adhesive to ensure that the current can be smoothly introduced from the metal conductive layer (10) to the transparent conductive layer.

9. The electrode structure of an electrochromic light modulating film according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein The charge storage layer (4) stores charges in the electrochromic process, and provides a charge source for the redox reaction of the electrochromic material; the electrolyte layer (5) conducts ions in the electrochromic process, and provides an ion source for the redox reaction of the electrochromic material; the electrochromic layer (6) is driven by an applied voltage, enters or moves out of the electrolyte layer (5) through ions, and undergoes a redox reaction to realize the conversion between transparent state and dark state.

10. The electrode structure of an electrochromic light modulating thin film according to claim 9, wherein The charge storage layer (4) adopts metal oxide or polymer; the electrolyte layer (5) adopts solid-state electrolyte or gel electrolyte; and the electrochromic layer (6) adopts metal oxide or polymer.

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