Power battery pack anti-collision box device with thermal runaway protection

Abstract

The utility model discloses a power battery pack anti-collision box body device with thermal runaway protection. The power battery pack anti-collision box body device comprises a box body for placing a power battery module (8), a front-back buffer structure (1), a passive anti-collision plate, a thermal runaway control device (3), a displacement damping plate (4), a partition plate (5), a cover plate (9), a built-in liquid cooling plate (6) and a phase change material plate (7). According to the device, the design of a front-back buffer structure, a passive anti-collision plate and a displacement damping plate is adopted, so that side edge protection and bottom edge protection measures are provided for the power battery module; according to the utility model, the design of the thermal runaway control device is adopted, so that thermal runaway control is provided for the power battery module; when the vehicle is in use, a refrigerant and a deoxidant in the execution module are triggered to operate together, batteries in the subareas are rapidly refrigerated and rapidly extinguished, a one-way pressure release valve is opened to discharge high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and a vehicle alarm device is started to remind people in the vehicle and around the vehicle to get away immediately, so that the life and property safety of people is protected, and an important role is played.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a power battery pack anti-collision box device with thermal runaway protection, belonging to the field of power battery protection technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, the safety performance of power battery packs, as core components, has attracted much attention. Collision safety and thermal management safety are two key technological challenges. Regarding collision safety, traditional battery pack structures are prone to deformation and rupture when subjected to external impacts, leading to short circuits, fires, or even explosions within the cells. To improve collision safety, existing technologies often employ reinforcing ribs and cushioning materials, but these still present problems such as increased weight and cost. In terms of thermal management safety, a large amount of heat is generated during battery charging and discharging. If heat dissipation is not timely, thermal runaway can easily occur, causing safety accidents.

[0003] Currently, mainstream thermal management solutions include air cooling and liquid cooling, but these have shortcomings such as low heat dissipation efficiency and inability to handle thermal runaway. Therefore, developing a power battery pack technology that combines efficient collision protection and thermal management performance is of great significance for improving the safety of new energy vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the numerous problems existing in the collision safety and thermal management safety of traditional power batteries by proposing a power battery pack anti-collision box device with thermal runaway protection.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a power battery pack anti-collision box device with thermal runaway protection, including front and rear buffer structures, passive anti-collision plates, thermal runaway control devices, displacement damping plates, partition plates, cover plates, built-in liquid cooling plates, phase change material plates and power battery modules.

[0006] The power battery is placed in a box composed of partitions for zoned control. The battery compartment of the power battery pack is equipped with phase change materials and a thermal runaway control device. Passive anti-collision plates are arranged on both sides along the length of the power battery box, and the sides of the passive anti-collision plates are rigidly connected to the side anti-collision beams of the vehicle chassis. Front and rear buffer structures are arranged on both sides along the width of the power battery box, and the front and rear buffer structures are welded to the transverse steel frame of the vehicle chassis. A liquid cooling plate for conventional cooling of the power battery is set below the power battery pack. A displacement damping plate is set below the liquid cooling plate of the power battery pack. The top of the power battery box is sealed with a cover plate, but a one-way exhaust valve is left on the cover plate for each zone.

[0007] The passive anti-collision plate includes two sinusoidal corrugated plates, a single-layer honeycomb structure, and cylindrical airbags; the cylindrical airbags are disposed in the inner wall of the honeycomb structure, and the honeycomb structure with the cylindrical airbags is placed between the sinusoidal corrugated plates and the partition plates; the cylindrical airbags are connected to the sensor module on the passive anti-collision plate; the displacement sensor is disposed in the single-layer honeycomb structure, and the force sensor is disposed on the side of the two sinusoidal corrugated plates facing the battery pack.

[0008] The cylindrical airbag is made of fire-resistant and moisture-proof polyester fiber material with a certain degree of toughness; the sinusoidal corrugated plate and honeycomb structure are made of steel plate by stamping and welding. The sinusoidal corrugated plate can resist impact, and the honeycomb structure can provide support and absorb energy; the sinusoidal corrugated plate and honeycomb structure are positioned for the first level of lateral impact protection.

[0009] The side furthest from the battery module is defined as the outer side. Force sensors are installed on the outer side of the passive anti-collision plate and displacement sensors are installed on the inner side of the honeycomb structure. When the cylindrical airbag cannot resist the impact force, the airbag inflates and expands to enhance the anti-collision force, which is defined as the second level of lateral anti-collision.

[0010] The thermal runaway control device installed inside the power battery box includes a trigger module, an execution module, and a one-way exhaust valve; the trigger module is controlled by the electronic control system and is connected to the sensors built into the battery compartment; the execution module is controlled by the electronic control system and has built-in refrigerant, deoxygenator, vehicle alarm device, and one-way exhaust valve; the built-in sensors include a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor.

[0011] The displacement damping plate includes a protective upper plate, a safety airbag, a displacement damping spring, and a protective lower plate. The displacement damping spring consists of two spring bases with inclined surfaces, a single cylindrical compression spring, and a cylindrical airbag. The single cylindrical compression spring is arranged at an angle, and the cylindrical airbag is arranged perpendicular to the cylindrical compression spring. The safety airbag is installed between the protective upper plate and the protective lower plate, spaced apart from the displacement damping spring. The protective lower plate is only connected to the displacement damping spring, and the protective lower plate moves along the centerline of the cylindrical airbag under the action of the cylindrical compression spring and the cylindrical airbag. A displacement sensor is installed in the displacement damping plate, which is located in the displacement damping spring to monitor its displacement state in real time. The displacement sensor is connected to the cylindrical airbag in the displacement damping plate.

[0012] The front and rear buffer structures are made of aluminum plates by stamping and welding, and are welded to the transverse steel frame of the car chassis; the passive anti-collision plate is made of steel plates by stamping and welding, and the lower side of the passive anti-collision plate is connected to the displacement damping plate; the passive anti-collision plate and the displacement damping plate are connected by bolts, and the displacement damping plate is hinged to the car chassis around its perimeter.

[0013] The airbags and displacement damping springs are arranged alternately between the upper and lower guard plates, forming a sandwich structure; the upper and lower guard plates are formed by stamping aluminum plates, with reinforcing ribs on the surface of the lower guard plate; the airbags are made of fire-resistant and moisture-proof polyester fiber material with a certain degree of toughness.

[0014] The phase change material plate is embedded in a partition plate that is in close contact with the power battery surface.

[0015] The thermal runaway control device is located between the upper surface of the power battery and the cover plate, and is offset from the one-way exhaust valve, which is located on the cover plate between the two thermal runaway control devices.

[0016] The passive anti-collision plate is connected to the displacement damping plate by bolts.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: the device adopts a front and rear buffer structure, a passive anti-collision plate, and a displacement damping plate design to provide side and bottom protection for the power battery module; the thermal runaway control device adopted by this utility model provides thermal runaway control for the power battery module; the refrigerant and deoxygenator in its trigger execution module work together to quickly cool and extinguish the battery in the zone, open the one-way pressure relief valve to release high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and simultaneously activate the vehicle alarm device to remind people in and around the vehicle to move away immediately; thus, it plays an important role in protecting people's lives and property. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a top view of the anti-collision box device for a power battery pack with thermal runaway protection according to this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top sectional view of the anti-collision box device for a power battery pack with thermal runaway protection according to this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a front view structural diagram of the anti-collision box device for a power battery pack with thermal runaway protection according to this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a front cross-sectional view of the anti-collision box device for a power battery pack with thermal runaway protection according to this utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 A top view schematic diagram of the passive anti-collision plate structure of the power battery pack housing;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the passive anti-collision plate structure of the power battery pack housing;

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the displacement damping spring at the bottom of the power battery pack housing;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the displacement damping plate at the bottom of the power battery pack housing.

[0026] In the diagram, 1 is the front and rear buffer structure; 2 is the passive anti-collision plate; 3 is the thermal runaway control device; 4 is the displacement damping plate; 5 is the partition plate; 6 is the built-in liquid cooling plate; 7 is the phase change material plate; 8 is the power battery module; 9 is the cover plate; 201 is the sinusoidal corrugated plate; 202 is the honeycomb structure; 203 is the cylindrical airbag; 301 is the one-way exhaust valve; 401 is the upper protective plate; 402 is the safety airbag; 403 is the displacement damping spring; 40301 is the lower base of the spring; 40302 is the cylindrical compression spring; 40303 is the cylindrical airbag; 40304 is the upper base of the spring; 40305 is the sensor mounting position; and 404 is the lower protective plate. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The specific embodiments of this utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0028] like Figures 1-4 As shown in the figure, this embodiment of a power battery pack anti-collision box device with thermal runaway protection includes a front and rear buffer structure 1, a passive anti-collision plate 2, a thermal runaway control device 3, a displacement damping plate 4, a partition plate 5, a cover plate 9, an internal liquid cooling plate 6, a phase change material plate 7, and a power battery module 8.

[0029] The power battery module 8 consists of a box body composed of partition plates 5, and passive anti-collision plates 2 are arranged on both sides along the length of the power battery box body; the sides of the passive anti-collision plates 2 are rigidly connected to the side anti-collision beams of the vehicle chassis; front and rear buffer structures 1 are arranged on both sides along the width of the power battery box body.

[0030] In this embodiment, the front and rear buffer structure 1 is made of aluminum plate by stamping and welding, and is welded to the transverse steel frame of the car chassis; the passive anti-collision plate 2 is made of steel plate by stamping and welding, and the lower side of the passive anti-collision plate 2 is connected to the displacement damping plate 4; the passive anti-collision plate 2 and the displacement damping plate 4 are connected by bolts; the displacement damping plate 4 is hinged to the car chassis on all four sides.

[0031] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the passive anti-collision plate 2 in this embodiment includes two sinusoidal corrugated plates 201, a honeycomb structure 202, and a cylindrical airbag 203. The cylindrical airbag 203 is installed in the honeycomb structure 202 and is made of fireproof and moisture-proof polyester fiber material with a certain degree of toughness. The sinusoidal corrugated plates 201 and the honeycomb structure 202 are stamped and welded from steel plates. The sinusoidal corrugated plates 201 can resist impact, and the honeycomb structure 202 can provide support and absorb energy. The sinusoidal corrugated plates 201 and the honeycomb structure 202 are positioned as the first level of lateral anti-collision. The side away from the battery module 8 is defined as the outer side. A force sensor is set on the outer side of the passive anti-collision plate, and a displacement sensor is set on the inner side of the honeycomb structure 202. When the first level of anti-collision structure cannot resist the impact force, the cylindrical airbag 203 inflates and expands, which enhances the anti-collision force and is positioned as the second level of lateral anti-collision.

[0032] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the displacement damping plate 4 in this embodiment includes an upper protective plate 401, a safety airbag 402, a displacement damping spring 403, and a lower protective plate 404. The safety airbag 402 and the displacement damping spring 403 are staggered between the upper protective plate 401 and the lower protective plate 404, forming a sandwich structure. The upper protective plate 401 and the lower protective plate 404 are formed by stamping aluminum plates, wherein the surface of the lower protective plate 404 is provided with reinforcing ribs, and the safety airbag 402 is made of fireproof and moisture-proof polyester fiber material with a certain degree of toughness.

[0033] The displacement damping spring 403 includes an upper spring base 40301, a cylindrical compression spring 40302, a columnar airbag 40303, and a lower spring base 40304, and incorporates a displacement sensor. The upper spring base 40301 and lower spring base 40304 are formed from aluminum, and the columnar airbag 40303 is made of fire-resistant and moisture-proof polyester fiber material with a certain degree of toughness. When the lower protective plate 404 is impacted, the lower protective plate 404 connects to the lower spring base 40304, and both the lower protective plate 404 and the lower spring base 40304 move obliquely upwards under force to offset the impact force and position the bottom first-level anti-collision system. When the collision is large, the displacement sensor inside the displacement damping spring 403 detects that the displacement stroke has been exceeded, and triggers the airbag 402 to inflate, so that the lower protective plate 404 does not move. This makes the sandwich structure form a relatively rigid body, so that the lower protective plate 404 and the airbag 402 jointly resist the large impact force generated by the collision and position the bottom second-level anti-collision.

[0034] This embodiment provides a power battery pack anti-collision enclosure device with thermal runaway protection, which provides side and bottom protection for the power battery pack and thermal runaway control for the power battery enclosure.

Claims

1. A power battery pack anti-collision box device with thermal runaway protection, characterized in that, The device comprises front and rear buffer structures, passive anti-collision plates, thermal runaway control devices, displacement damping plates, partitioning plates, cover plates, built-in liquid cooling plates, phase change material plates and battery modules. The power battery is placed in a box composed of partitioning plates for partitioning control, and phase change material and thermal runaway control devices are arranged in the battery compartment of the power battery pack. Passive anti-collision plates are arranged on both sides along the length direction of the power battery box, and the side of the passive anti-collision plate is rigidly connected with the side of the side impact beam of the automobile chassis. Front and rear buffer structures are arranged on both sides along the width direction of the power battery box, and the front and rear buffer structures are welded with the transverse steel frame of the automobile chassis. A liquid cooling plate for cooling the power battery is arranged below the power battery pack. A displacement damping plate is arranged below the liquid cooling plate of the power battery pack. A cover plate is used to seal the top of the power battery box, and a one-way exhaust valve is left on the cover plate.

2. The anti-collision battery pack case device with thermal runaway protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The passive anti-collision plate comprises two sinusoidal corrugated plates, a single-layer honeycomb structure and a cylindrical air bag. The cylindrical air bag is arranged in the inner wall of the honeycomb structure, and the honeycomb structure with the cylindrical air bag is arranged between the sinusoidal corrugated plates and the partitioning plates. The cylindrical air bag is connected with a sensor module on the passive anti-collision plate. The displacement sensor in the sensor is arranged in the single-layer honeycomb structure, and the force sensor is arranged on one side of the two sinusoidal corrugated plates.

3. The crash box device of the power battery pack with thermal runaway protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal runaway control device arranged in the power battery box comprises a triggering module, an execution module and a one-way exhaust valve. The triggering module is controlled by an electronic control system and is connected with the built-in sensor in the battery compartment. The execution module is controlled by an electronic control system, and the execution module is built-in with refrigerant, oxygen scavenger, vehicle alarm device and one-way exhaust valve. The built-in sensor comprises a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor.

4. The anti-collision battery pack case device with thermal runaway protection according to claim 1, wherein, The displacement damping plate comprises a protective upper plate, a safety air bag, a displacement damping spring and a protective lower plate. The displacement damping spring is composed of two spring bases with inclined surfaces, a single cylindrical compression spring and a cylindrical air bag. The single cylindrical compression spring is arranged obliquely, and the cylindrical air bag is arranged vertically with the cylindrical compression spring. The safety air bag is installed between the protective upper plate and the protective lower plate and is installed separately from the displacement damping spring. The protective lower plate is connected only with the displacement damping spring, and the protective lower plate is displaced along the center line of the cylindrical air bag under the action of the cylindrical compression spring and the cylindrical air bag. A displacement sensor is arranged in the displacement damping plate, and the displacement sensor is arranged in the displacement damping spring to monitor the displacement state in real time. The displacement sensor is connected with the cylindrical air bag in the displacement damping plate.

5. The crash box device of the power battery pack with thermal runaway protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front and rear buffer structures are formed by stamping and welding aluminum plates and are welded with the transverse steel frame of the automobile chassis. The passive anti-collision plates are formed by stamping and welding steel plates, and the lower side of the passive anti-collision plate is connected with the displacement damping plate. The passive anti-collision plate and the displacement damping plate are connected by bolts, and the displacement damping plate is hinged with the automobile chassis around.

6. The crash box device of the power battery pack with thermal runaway protection according to claim 1, wherein, The phase change material plate is embedded in the partitioning plate close to the surface of the power battery.

7. The crash box device of the power battery pack with thermal runaway protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal runaway control device is arranged between the upper surface of the power battery and the cover plate and is staggered with the one-way exhaust valve, and the one-way exhaust valve is located on the cover plate between the two thermal runaway control devices.

8. The anti-collision battery pack case device with thermal runaway protection according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cylindrical air bag is made of fireproof and moistureproof polyester fiber material with certain toughness; the sine wave plate and the honeycomb structure are punched and welded by steel plate, the sine wave plate can resist impact, and the honeycomb structure can support and absorb energy; A force sensor is arranged outside the passive anti-collision plate, a displacement sensor is arranged inside the honeycomb structure, and the cylindrical air bag can enhance the anti-collision force.

9. The anti-collision battery pack case device with thermal runaway protection according to claim 4, characterized in that, The safety air bag and the displacement damping spring are arranged in the sandwich structure between the upper guard plate and the lower guard plate; the upper guard plate and the lower guard plate are punched by aluminum plate, and the lower guard plate is provided with a reinforcing rib; the safety air bag is made of fireproof and moistureproof polyester fiber material with certain toughness.

10. The anti-collision battery pack case device with thermal runaway protection according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sine wave plate of the passive anti-collision plate is connected with the displacement damping plate by bolts.

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