Direct-current power supply input module and direct-current motor driving circuit using same
By introducing a reverse connection protection submodule consisting of a field-effect transistor Q1 and a resistor R8 into the DC motor drive circuit, combined with a voltage regulator chip U2 and output voltage feedback, the reverse connection problem of the DC motor drive circuit is solved, thereby improving safety and stability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-06
AI Technical Summary
Existing DC motor drive circuits lack reverse connection protection, which causes them to malfunction when wiring is incorrect, resulting in poor stability and easy damage to components.
A reverse connection protection submodule, including MOSFET Q1, resistors R8 and R9, is adopted. The VGS voltage is provided by the gate voltage divider of MOSFET Q1 to ensure the safety of power management chip U1. Combined with voltage regulator chip U2 and output voltage feedback module, closed-loop control is realized.
It provides a compact and reliable reverse connection protection circuit, which improves the safety and stability of the DC power input module and the DC motor drive circuit.
Smart Images
Figure CN223978425U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of circuit protection module technology, specifically a DC power input module and a DC motor drive circuit using the same. Background Technology
[0002] DC motors are a common type of motor, widely used in household appliances, water pumps (such as booster pumps, circulating water pumps, and drainage pumps), automobiles, electronic equipment, communication equipment, medical equipment, and industrial equipment.
[0003] The operation of a DC motor (including starting, stopping, speed regulation, and commutation) depends on the DC motor drive circuit.
[0004] Existing DC motor drive circuits include at least integrated circuit components such as voltage regulator chips and stator drive chips, and require corresponding power electronic devices and other peripheral circuits.
[0005] Some modules equipped with DC motor drive circuits (usually configured as printed circuit boards or drive modules) have power lines configured as input terminals and lack mechanical foolproof structures. During the assembly process, occasional wiring errors may occur (such as reverse polarity connection, incorrect signal terminal connection, incorrect connection of the ground terminal to the positive / negative terminal, etc.), which can lead to a series of problems such as the DC motor drive circuit failing to operate normally, poor stability, and component breakdown.
[0006] In conclusion, how to provide reverse connection protection for DC motor drive circuits has become one of the urgent problems to be solved. Utility Model Content
[0007] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a DC power input module and a DC motor drive circuit using the same, which can provide reverse connection protection for the DC motor drive circuit.
[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a DC power input module, comprising a power management chip U1 and a reverse connection protection submodule; the reverse connection protection submodule comprises a field-effect transistor Q1, a resistor R8, and a resistor R9; the positive terminal V+1 of the DC power input is connected to the VIN pin of the power management chip U1, and the VB pin, VS pin, and IS pin of the power management chip U1 output to obtain a first voltage level regulated DC power supply; the negative terminal V-1 of the DC power input is connected to the drain of the field-effect transistor Q1, the GND terminal of the first voltage level regulated DC power supply is connected to the source of the field-effect transistor Q1, and the first voltage level regulated DC power supply is divided by the resistors R9 and R8 and then connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor Q1, thereby providing a VGS voltage to the gate of the field-effect transistor Q1.
[0009] In the above technical solution, the DC power input module of this utility model further includes a voltage regulator chip U2; the first voltage level regulated DC power supply is connected to the IN pin of the voltage regulator chip U2; the OUT pin of the voltage regulator chip U2 outputs to obtain a second voltage level regulated DC power supply; the GND pin of the voltage regulator chip U2 is connected to the GND terminal of the second voltage level regulated DC power supply.
[0010] In the above technical solution, the DC power input module of this utility model further includes an output voltage feedback submodule; the output voltage feedback submodule includes resistor R4 and resistor R7; the first voltage level regulated DC power supply is connected to the FB pin of the power management chip U1 after being divided by resistor R4 and resistor R7.
[0011] A DC motor drive circuit includes the aforementioned DC power input module.
[0012] In the above technical solution, the DC motor drive circuit of this utility model further includes a motor drive chip U3 and a motor phase output module; the motor phase output module includes at least a switching device, and the positive terminal V+1 of the DC power input terminal is connected to each phase of the DC motor through the switching device of the motor phase output module according to the phase pole; the first voltage level regulated DC power supply is connected to each high-side bootstrap power supply pin of the motor drive chip U3; the switching pole drive output pin of the motor drive chip U3 is connected to the switching pole of each switching device of the motor phase output module.
[0013] In the above technical solution, the motor phase output module includes field-effect transistors Q3, Q6, Q2, Q5, Q4, and Q7; the source of field-effect transistor Q3 is connected to the drain of field-effect transistor Q6 and then connected to the U phase of the DC motor; the source of field-effect transistor Q2 is connected to the drain of field-effect transistor Q5 and then connected to the V phase of the DC motor; the source of field-effect transistor Q4 is connected to the drain of field-effect transistor Q7 and then connected to the W phase of the DC motor; the positive terminal V+1 of the DC power input is connected to the drain of field-effect transistor Q3, the drain of field-effect transistor Q2, and the drain of field-effect transistor Q4, respectively. The sources of field-effect transistors Q6, Q5, and Q7 are respectively connected to the GND terminal; the GH3 pin of the motor driver chip U3 is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor Q3, the GL3 pin of the motor driver chip U3 is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor Q6, the GH2 pin of the motor driver chip U3 is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor Q2, the GL2 pin of the motor driver chip U3 is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor Q5, the GH1 pin of the motor driver chip U3 is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor Q4, and the GL1 pin of the motor driver chip U3 is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor Q7.
[0014] In the above technical solution, the DC motor drive circuit of this utility model further includes an output feedback module; the output feedback module includes resistors R32, R42, R33, capacitor C28, R34, R43, R35, capacitor C29, R36, R44, R37, and capacitor C30; the series connection of resistors R32 and R42 is connected in parallel with the series connection of resistor R33 and capacitor C28 to form a first output feedback body. The first output feedback body is connected between the U phase and GND terminal of the DC motor, and the series voltage divider point of the first output feedback body is connected to the ADC analog input pin of the motor drive chip U3. The series connection of resistors R34 and R43, and the series connection of resistor R35 and capacitor C29, form a second output feedback circuit. This second output feedback circuit is connected between the V phase and GND terminal of the DC motor. The series voltage divider point of the second output feedback circuit is connected to the ADC analog input pin of the motor driver chip U3. The series connection of resistors R36 and R44, and the series connection of resistor R37 and capacitor C30, form a third output feedback circuit. This third output feedback circuit is connected between the W phase and GND terminal of the DC motor. The series voltage divider point of the third output feedback circuit is connected to the ADC analog input pin of the motor driver chip U3.
[0015] In the above technical solution, the DC motor drive circuit of this utility model further includes a speed feedback module; the speed feedback module includes transistors Q8 and Q9 that constitute a signal amplifier; the FG signal feedback terminal of the DC motor is connected to the ADC analog input pin of the motor drive chip U3 after passing through the signal amplifier formed by transistors Q8 and Q9.
[0016] In the above technical solution, the DC motor drive circuit of this utility model also includes a speed control module; the PWM output pin of the motor drive chip U3 is connected to the speed control terminal SP of the DC motor via the speed control module.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The DC power input module and the DC motor drive circuit using it of this utility model have a reverse connection protection submodule including a field-effect transistor Q1, a resistor R8, and a resistor R9. If the power supply is incorrectly connected / reversely connected / short-circuited, causing reverse current to flow into the positive terminal V+1 and the negative terminal V-1 of the DC power input, the reverse current will be cut off by the field-effect transistor Q1 and cannot enter the power management chip U1 and subsequent circuits. In this way, a compact and reliable reverse connection protection circuit is provided for the DC power input module and the DC motor drive circuit, effectively improving the safety and stability of the DC power input module and the DC motor drive circuit. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the DC power input module in this utility model.
[0019] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the motor drive chip U3 in this utility model.
[0020] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the motor phase output module in this utility model.
[0021] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the output feedback module in this utility model.
[0022] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the speed feedback module in this utility model.
[0023] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the speed control module in this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0025] This embodiment provides a DC power input module that can be applied to DC electrical appliances (especially DC motors) as a power input module for DC electrical appliances.
[0026] Please see Figure 1 The DC power input module in this embodiment includes a power management chip U1 and a reverse connection protection submodule.
[0027] The power management chip U1 is model EG1192L+, and it has at least VIN pin, FB pin, VB pin, VS pin and IS pin.
[0028] The reverse connection protection submodule includes a field-effect transistor Q1 (specifically an N-channel field-effect transistor with a parasitic diode), resistor R8, and resistor R9.
[0029] The positive terminal V+1 of the DC power input is connected to the VIN pin of the power management chip U1. The VB pin, VS pin and IS pin of the power management chip U1 output to obtain the first voltage level regulated DC power supply (in this embodiment, the +12V port).
[0030] The negative terminal V-1 of the DC power supply input is connected to the drain of the field-effect transistor Q1. The GND terminal of the first voltage level regulated DC power supply is connected to the source of the field-effect transistor Q1. The first voltage level regulated DC power supply is divided by resistors R9 and R8 and then connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor Q1, thereby providing the VGS voltage to the gate of the field-effect transistor Q1.
[0031] Furthermore, the DC power input module in this embodiment also includes a voltage regulator chip U2.
[0032] The voltage regulator chip U2 is model 78L05, and it has at least an IN pin, an OUT pin, and a GND pin.
[0033] The first voltage level regulated DC power supply is connected to the IN pin of the voltage regulator chip U2; the OUT pin of the voltage regulator chip U2 outputs to obtain the second voltage level regulated DC power supply (in this embodiment, the +5V port); the GND pin of the voltage regulator chip U2 is connected to the GND terminal of the second voltage level regulated DC power supply.
[0034] The voltage regulator chip U2 is configured so that the DC power input module of this embodiment can provide a first voltage level regulated DC power supply (+12V port in this embodiment) and a second voltage level regulated DC power supply (+5V port in this embodiment), thereby making the DC power input module of this embodiment suitable for more DC components and improving the versatility of the DC power input module of this embodiment.
[0035] Furthermore, the DC power input module of this embodiment also includes an output voltage feedback submodule, which includes resistors R4 and R7. The first voltage level regulated DC power supply is divided by resistors R4 and R7 and then connected to the FB pin of the power management chip U1. In this way, an output voltage feedback circuit is provided for the power management chip U1, realizing closed-loop control between the power management chip U1 and the first voltage level regulated DC power supply.
[0036] In this embodiment, when the DC power input module is correctly connected to the positive terminal V+1 and the negative terminal V-1 of the DC power input, the current can first be carried through the parasitic diode of the field-effect transistor Q1, while simultaneously activating the power management chip U1 and the voltage regulator chip U2 to obtain a first voltage level regulated DC power supply (+12V port in this embodiment) and a second voltage level regulated DC power supply (+5V port in this embodiment). At this time, the first voltage level regulated DC power supply, after being divided by resistors R9 and R8, provides the VGS voltage to the gate of the field-effect transistor Q1, turning on the field-effect transistor Q1 and realizing the positive feedback process of the field-effect transistor Q1, keeping the field-effect transistor Q1 in the conducting state, thereby enabling the DC power input module and DC electrical appliances to operate normally.
[0037] If the power supply is incorrectly connected / reversely connected / short-circuited, causing reverse current to flow into the positive terminal V+1 and the negative terminal V-1 of the DC power input, the reverse current will be cut off by the field-effect transistor Q1 and cannot enter the power management chip U1 and subsequent circuits. In this way, reverse connection protection function can be provided for the DC power input module of this embodiment.
[0038] This embodiment also provides a DC motor drive circuit for driving a DC motor, which includes the DC power input module described above.
[0039] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The DC motor drive circuit in this embodiment also includes a motor drive chip U3 and a motor phase output module.
[0040] The motor driver chip U3 is model CMS32M5536, which has at least GH3 pin, GL3 pin, GH2 pin, GL2 pin, GH2 pin, GL2 pin (i.e., corresponding to the high-side gate drive output pin and low-side gate drive output pin of each phase of the DC motor), BOST1 pin, BOST2 pin, BOST3 pin (i.e., corresponding to the high-side bootstrap power supply pin of each phase of the DC motor), ADC analog input pin, PWM output pin, as well as other necessary general-purpose input / output pins and serial communication pins.
[0041] The motor phase output module includes at least switching devices. The positive terminal V+1 of the DC power input is connected to each phase of the DC motor through the switching devices of the motor phase output module, according to the phase pole. The first voltage level regulated DC power supply is connected to each high-side bootstrap power supply pin of the motor driver chip U3. Specifically, the first voltage level regulated DC power supply is connected to the BOST1 pin of the motor driver chip U3 through diode D3, the first voltage level regulated DC power supply is connected to the BOST2 pin of the motor driver chip U3 through diode D4, and the first voltage level regulated DC power supply is connected to the BOST3 pin of the motor driver chip U3 through diode D5. The switching pole drive output pins of the motor driver chip U3 are connected to the switching poles of each switching device of the motor phase output module.
[0042] Specifically, the motor phase output module includes field-effect transistors Q3, Q6, Q2, Q5, Q4, and Q7. The source of field-effect transistor Q3 is connected to the drain of field-effect transistor Q6, and then connected to the U phase of the DC motor. The source of field-effect transistor Q2 is connected to the drain of field-effect transistor Q5, and then connected to the V phase of the DC motor. The source of field-effect transistor Q4 is connected to the drain of field-effect transistor Q7, and then connected to the W phase of the DC motor. The positive terminal V+1 of the DC power input is connected to the drain of field-effect transistors Q3, Q2, and Q4, respectively. The sources of MOSFETs Q6, Q5, and Q7 are connected to the GND terminal. The GH3 pin of motor driver chip U3 is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q3, the GL3 pin of motor driver chip U3 is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q6, the GH2 pin of motor driver chip U3 is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q2, the GL2 pin of motor driver chip U3 is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q5, the GH1 pin of motor driver chip U3 is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q4, and the GL1 pin of motor driver chip U3 is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q7.
[0043] After connecting in the above manner, DC power supply for the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase of the DC motor is realized. Furthermore, the motor driver chip U3 can control the MOSFETs Q3, Q6, Q2, Q5, Q4, and Q7 of the motor phase output module in a PWM manner, thereby controlling the switching duty cycle of MOSFETs Q3, Q6, Q2, Q5, Q4, and Q7 to realize the start-stop, commutation, and forward / reverse control of the DC motor.
[0044] Further, please refer to Figure 4 The DC motor drive circuit in this embodiment also includes an output feedback module; the output feedback module includes resistors R32, R42, R33, capacitor C28, R34, R43, R35, capacitor C29, R36, R44, R37, and capacitor C30; the series connection of resistors R32 and R42 is connected in parallel with the series connection of resistor R33 and capacitor C28 to form a first output feedback body. The first output feedback body is connected between the U phase and GND terminal of the DC motor. The series voltage divider point of the first output feedback body is connected to the ADC analog input pin (pin 1 in this embodiment) of the motor drive chip U3; resistor R34 The series connection of resistor R43 and resistor R35 and capacitor C29 is connected in parallel to form the second output feedback body. The second output feedback body is connected between the V phase and GND terminal of the DC motor. The series voltage divider point of the second output feedback body is connected to the ADC analog input pin of the motor driver chip U3 (pin 2 in this embodiment). The series connection of resistor R36 and resistor R44 and resistor R37 and capacitor C30 is connected in parallel to form the third output feedback body. The third output feedback body is connected between the W phase and GND terminal of the DC motor. The series voltage divider point of the third output feedback body is connected to the ADC analog input pin of the motor driver chip U3 (pin 3 in this embodiment).
[0045] After connecting in the above manner, the output feedback (including voltage feedback and waveform feedback) of the motor phase output module is realized, thereby realizing the closed-loop control of the motor drive chip U3 and the motor phase output module.
[0046] Further, please refer to Figure 5 The DC motor drive circuit in this embodiment also includes a speed feedback module, which includes transistors Q8 and Q9 that form a signal amplifier; the FG signal feedback terminal of the DC motor is connected to the ADC analog input pin (pin 21 in this embodiment) of the motor drive chip U3 after passing through the signal amplifier formed by transistors Q8 and Q9.
[0047] After connecting in the above manner, the motor speed feedback is realized, so as to further realize the closed-loop control of the motor drive chip U3 and the motor phase output module.
[0048] Further, please refer to Figure 6 The DC motor drive circuit in this embodiment also includes a speed control module. The PWM output pin of the motor drive chip U3 (pin 20 in this embodiment) is connected to the speed control terminal SP of the DC motor via the speed control module. In this embodiment, the speed control module includes a Zener diode D6, a capacitor C33 and a resistor R47 connected in parallel, and also includes a resistor R46 connected before the speed control terminal SP of the DC motor.
[0049] After connecting in the above manner, the PWM speed control function of the motor driver chip U3 for the DC motor is realized.
[0050] The DC power input module and the DC motor drive circuit using it in this embodiment have a reverse connection protection submodule including a field-effect transistor Q1, a resistor R8, and a resistor R9. If the power supply is incorrectly connected / reversely connected / short-circuited, causing reverse current to flow through the positive terminal V+1 and the negative terminal V-1 of the DC power input, the reverse current will be cut off by the field-effect transistor Q1 and cannot enter the power management chip U1 and subsequent circuits. In this way, a compact and reliable reverse connection protection circuit is provided for the DC power input module and the DC motor drive circuit, effectively improving the safety and stability of the DC power input module and the DC motor drive circuit.
[0051] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A direct current power input module, characterized by, It includes power management chip U1 and reverse connection protection sub-module; The reverse connection protection sub-module includes field effect tube Q1, resistance R8 and resistance R9; The positive pole V+1 of the direct current power input end is connected to the VIN pin of the power management chip U1, the VB pin, the VS pin and the IS pin of the power management chip U1, and the first voltage level stabilized direct current power is outputted; The negative pole V-1 of the direct current power input end is connected to the drain of the field effect tube Q1, the GND end of the first voltage level stabilized direct current power is connected to the source of the field effect tube Q1, and the first voltage level stabilized direct current power is connected to the gate of the field effect tube Q1 after being divided by the resistance R9 and the resistance R8, so as to provide VGS voltage for the gate of the field effect tube Q1.
2. The direct current power input module of claim 1, wherein, It further includes voltage stabilizing chip U2; The first voltage level stabilized direct current power is connected to the IN pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U2; The OUT pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U2 outputs the second voltage level stabilized direct current power; The GND pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U2 is connected to the GND end of the second voltage level stabilized direct current power.
3. The direct current power input module of claim 1 or 2, wherein, It further includes output voltage feedback sub-module; The output voltage feedback sub-module includes resistance R4 and resistance R7; The first voltage level stabilized direct current power is connected to the FB pin of the power management chip U1 after being divided by the resistance R4 and the resistance R7.
4. A direct current motor drive circuit, characterized by comprising: The direct current power input module of any one of claims 1-3 is included.
5. The direct current motor drive circuit of claim 4, wherein, It further includes motor drive chip U3 and motor phase output module; The motor phase output module at least includes switching device, and the positive pole V+1 of the direct current power input end is connected to each phase of the direct current motor through the switching device of the motor phase output module; The first voltage level stabilized direct current power is connected to each high-side bootstrap power supply pin of the motor drive chip U3; The switching pole driving output pin of the motor drive chip U3 is connected to the switching pole of each switching device of the motor phase output module.
6. The direct current motor drive circuit of claim 5, wherein, The motor phase output module includes field effect tube Q3, field effect tube Q6, field effect tube Q2, field effect tube Q5, field effect tube Q4 and field effect tube Q7; The source of the field effect tube Q3 is connected to the drain of the field effect tube Q6, and the source of the field effect tube Q2 is connected to the drain of the field effect tube Q5, and the source of the field effect tube Q4 is connected to the drain of the field effect tube Q7, and the U phase of the direct current motor is connected to the connection point of the source of the field effect tube Q3 and the drain of the field effect tube Q6, the V phase of the direct current motor is connected to the connection point of the source of the field effect tube Q2 and the drain of the field effect tube Q5, and the W phase of the direct current motor is connected to the connection point of the source of the field effect tube Q4 and the drain of the field effect tube Q7; The positive pole V+1 of the direct current power input end is connected to the drain of the field effect tube Q3, the drain of the field effect tube Q2 and the drain of the field effect tube Q4 respectively; The source of the field effect tube Q6, the source of the field effect tube Q5 and the source of the field effect tube Q7 are connected to the GND end respectively. The GH3 pin of the motor drive chip U3 is connected to the gate of the field effect tube Q3, the GL3 pin of the motor drive chip U3 is connected to the gate of the field effect tube Q6, the GH2 pin of the motor drive chip U3 is connected to the gate of the field effect tube Q2, the GL2 pin of the motor drive chip U3 is connected to the gate of the field effect tube Q5, the GH1 pin of the motor drive chip U3 is connected to the gate of the field effect tube Q4, and the GL1 pin of the motor drive chip U3 is connected to the gate of the field effect tube Q7.
7. The direct current motor drive circuit according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The output feedback module is further included; The output feedback module includes resistors R32, R42, R33, a capacitor C28, resistors R34, R43, R35, a capacitor C29, resistors R36, R44, R37, and a capacitor C30. The series connection of the resistors R32 and R42 is connected in parallel with the series connection of the resistor R33 and the capacitor C28 to form a first output feedback body, the first output feedback body is connected between the U phase of the DC motor and the GND terminal, and the series voltage dividing point of the first output feedback body is connected to the ADC analog input pin of the motor drive chip U3. The series connection of the resistors R34 and R43 is connected in parallel with the series connection of the resistor R35 and the capacitor C29 to form a second output feedback body, the second output feedback body is connected between the V phase of the DC motor and the GND terminal, and the series voltage dividing point of the second output feedback body is connected to the ADC analog input pin of the motor drive chip U3. The series connection of the resistors R36 and R44 is connected in parallel with the series connection of the resistor R37 and the capacitor C30 to form a third output feedback body, the third output feedback body is connected between the W phase of the DC motor and the GND terminal, and the series voltage dividing point of the third output feedback body is connected to the ADC analog input pin of the motor drive chip U3.
8. The direct current motor drive circuit of any of claims 4-6, wherein, The speed feedback module is further included; The speed feedback module includes a signal amplifier composed of a triode Q8 and a triode Q9. The FG signal feedback terminal of the DC motor is connected to the ADC analog input pin of the motor drive chip U3 via the signal amplifier composed of the triode Q8 and the triode Q9.
9. The direct current motor drive circuit of claim 8, wherein, The speed regulation module is further included; The PWM output pin of the motor drive chip U3 is connected to the speed regulation terminal SP of the DC motor via the speed regulation module.