Air-blowing comb brush type buckwheat low-loss bundle cutting device

Abstract

The utility model provides an air-blowing comb brush type buckwheat low-loss cutting and bundling device, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and can be used for mechanical harvesting operation of buckwheat sown in drill and on ridges. The harvester mainly comprises a header part, a power transmission system, a transporting and bundling mechanism, an air blowing system and a falling grain collecting mechanism. The header part mainly comprises a feeding mechanism and a cutting device and is used for cutting buckwheat grains; the power transmission system mainly comprises a transmission mechanism and a walking mechanism and is used for power transmission and walking of the whole device. The transportation knotting mechanism mainly comprises a comb brush type elastic tooth transportation mechanism and a knotter and is used for transportation operation of the cut buckwheat straws and large bundling operation of the buckwheat straws; the air blowing system mainly comprises a fan, an air duct, a uniform airflow pipe and an airflow pipe angle adjusting mechanism and is used for assisting in collecting fallen grains; the grain collecting mechanism mainly comprises a rack, a vibrating screen and a grain outlet and is used for collecting falling grains and unloading the grains; the device is simple and light in structure and convenient to use, the buckwheat grain loss rate is small in the two-section harvesting and bundle cutting operation process, the device is suitable for the bundle cutting operation of buckwheat on ridges and in-line sowing, and wide application prospects and market value are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically relating to an air-blowing comb-type buckwheat low-damage cutting and baling device, which is suitable for mechanized cutting and baling operations of buckwheat sown in rows and on ridges. Background Technology

[0002] Buckwheat, a long-established economic crop, boasts a long history of cultivation, a short growth cycle, strong adaptability, and rich nutritional and medicinal value. Internationally recognized as a multi-purpose grain crop integrating nutrition, medicine, and health benefits, it has become increasingly important for improving production efficiency and reducing labor costs in recent years, thanks to the continuous advancement of agricultural modernization. The two-stage harvesting method (cutting and baling + picking up) is considered the most suitable mechanized harvesting method for buckwheat. However, most buckwheat baling machines on the market are modified from wheat and other bulk crop baling machines, making them unsuitable for buckwheat baling and harvesting operations. This results in significant grain loss and high grain drop rates during baling.

[0003] Buckwheat is mainly grown in Shaanxi, Gansu, and Ningxia provinces, regions characterized by hilly terrain, basins, and terraced fields. The farmland is fragmented and small-scale, and the uneven terrain makes existing buckwheat harvesting machinery unsuitable for field operations, exhibiting poor adaptability and instability. Furthermore, existing equipment is complex in structure, cumbersome to operate and adjust, and difficult to maintain, failing to meet actual field needs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a buckwheat harvesting device with a simple structure that effectively reduces grain loss during harvesting and is easy to adjust and maintain on-site. This device should adapt to the uneven terrain, small-scale planting, and diverse cultivation patterns of buckwheat fields, achieving breakthroughs in reducing grain loss, improving work efficiency, and ensuring equipment stability. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a buckwheat baling and harvesting device with a reasonable structure, convenient operation, and significantly reduced harvesting loss rate, thereby solving the problems of severe grain loss, high grain loss rate, and complex mechanical structure in existing technologies. To achieve the above objectives, this invention optimizes the design of each functional module based on the original technology and combines multiple technologies such as air blowing, comb tooth transportation, and vibration collection to realize efficient and coordinated operation in the buckwheat baling and harvesting process.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A low-loss buckwheat cutting and baling device using an air-blowing comb mainly includes a cutting platform, a power transmission system, a transport and baling mechanism, an air-blowing system, and a grain collection mechanism. Specifically, it includes: a first transport device (1), a first uniform airflow pipe (2), a second transport device (3), a guide plate (4), a second uniform airflow pipe (5), transport teeth (6), transport spring teeth (7), a cutter (8), a dividing plate (9), a planetary wheel for picking grains (10), a ground wheel (11), a grain outlet (12), and a blower (13). 14. Air duct (15), Gearbox 1 (16), Transmission chain (17), Drive roller 2 (18), Airflow pipe fixing device 1 (19), Drive roller 1 (20), Frame (21), Airflow pipe fixing device 2 (22), Driven roller 1 (23), Driven roller 2 (24), Planetary gear support frame (25), Ground wheel support frame (26), Vibrating screen (27), Knotter (28), Ground wheel adjustment bracket (29), Gearbox 3 (30);

[0007] The header section includes a diversion plate (4), a cutter (8), a dividing plate (9), a plucking planetary wheel (10), and a planetary wheel support frame (25). The diversion plate (4) is bolted to the frame (21) to assist the plucking planetary wheel (10) in feeding the buckwheat seedlings into the frame (21). The cutter (8) is fixed to the frame (21) and used to cut the buckwheat seedlings. The dividing plate (9) is fixed to the front end of the frame via the planetary wheel support frame (25). The plucking planetary wheel (10) is fixed to the planetary wheel support frame (25) and located below the dividing plate (9), mainly serving to plucking and supporting the seedlings. The planetary wheel support frame (25) is welded from a hollow round tube of structural steel and serves as a fixed support.

[0008] The power transmission system includes gearbox one (15), transmission chain (16), drive roller two (17), gearbox two (19), drive roller one (20), driven roller one (23), driven roller two (24), gearbox three (30), ground wheel bracket (26), ground wheel adjustment bracket (29), and ground wheel (11); the driven roller one (23) is mounted inside the frame (21) using a bushing and is fixed by an end cover; the gearbox one (15), gearbox two (19), and Gearbox three (30) is bolted to the frame (21); the drive roller one (20) is embedded in the frame (21) through a bushing and connected to gearbox two (19), thereby driving the conveying device one (1) to work; the drive roller two (17) is embedded in the frame (21) through a bushing and connected to gearbox one (15), thereby driving the conveying device two (3) to move; the driven roller two (24) is installed inside the frame (21) and located behind the cutter (8).

[0009] The transport and bundling mechanism includes a first transport device (1), a second transport device (3), transport teeth (6), transport spring teeth (7), and a knotter (28). The first transport device (1) is located inside the frame (21), driven by the first active roller (20), and cooperates with the first driven roller (23) to achieve the purpose of transporting materials. The second transport device (3) is installed on the side plate of the frame, driven by the second active roller (17), and circulates along the side plate of the frame in a groove-shaped trajectory, while driving the second driven roller (24) to rotate. The transport teeth (6) are installed on the second transport device (3). The transport spring teeth (7) are installed on the first transport device (1) and cooperate with the transport teeth (6) to achieve the purpose of clamping and transporting materials. The knotter (28) is installed at the rear of the frame and bundles and knots the materials when the comb-type spring tooth transport mechanism transports materials to the rear of the device.

[0010] The air blowing system includes a uniform airflow pipe one (2), a uniform airflow pipe two (5), a fan (13), an air duct (14), an airflow pipe fixing device one (18), and an airflow pipe fixing device two (22). The uniform airflow pipe one (2) is located inside the frame (21) and is connected to the air duct (14). Airflow flows in from one end and flows out from each airflow branch pipe. The other end is a closed section. The uniform airflow pipe two (5) is embedded inside the frame (21). The air inlet is connected to the air duct through a corrugated pipe. (14) are connected, the airflow flows in from one end and flows out from each airflow branch pipe, and the other end is a closed section; the air duct (14) is connected to the fan (13) and the uniform airflow pipe one (2); the fan (13) is installed on the frame (21), driven by the motor, and blows the airflow into the air duct (14); the airflow pipe fixing device one (18) and the airflow pipe fixing device two (22) are connected to the frame (21) and are used to fix the uniform airflow pipe one (2) and adjust its tilt angle.

[0011] The grain collection mechanism includes a frame (21), a grain outlet (12), and a vibrating screen (27). The frame (21) is welded from a hollow square tube of structural steel and serves as a fixed support. The grain outlet (12) is located on the frame (21) and is connected to the frame (21) by welding. It is used to discharge the grains collected inside the frame. The vibrating screen (27) is located inside the frame (21) and has a certain angle. It continuously vibrates to make the buckwheat grains that fall into the water flow to the grain outlet (12).

[0012] The present invention has the following advantages: It proposes an air-blowing comb-type buckwheat low-loss cutting and baling device, which has the advantages of compact structure and easy on-site operation and maintenance; at the same time, the use of air-blowing assisted grain dropping technology can significantly reduce grain loss during buckwheat cutting and baling; in addition, its comb-type spring tooth conveying mechanism realizes stable clamping and continuous conveying of buckwheat stalks, thereby greatly improving the overall work efficiency; the overall design is fully adaptable to row sowing and ridge planting modes, and has broad prospects for promotion and application. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a gas-blown comb-type buckwheat low-damage cutting and bundling device according to the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a side view schematic diagram of the overall structure of an air-blowing comb-type buckwheat low-damage cutting and bundling device according to the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the power transmission of each gearbox in the power transmission system;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a uniform airflow tube. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solution of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0018] A low-damage buckwheat cutting and baling device using an air-blowing comb, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, it mainly includes the header, power transmission system, transport and baling mechanism, air blowing system, and grain collection mechanism, specifically including: transport device 1, uniform airflow pipe 2, transport device 2, guide plate 4, uniform airflow pipe 2, transport teeth 6, transport spring teeth 7, cutter 8, dividing plate 9, grain-picking planetary wheel 10, ground wheel 11, grain outlet 12, blower 13, air duct 14, gearbox 15, transmission chain 16, drive roller 2 17, airflow pipe fixing device 1 18, gearbox 2 19, drive roller 1 20, frame 21, airflow pipe fixing device 2 22, driven roller 1 23, driven roller 2 24, planetary wheel support frame 25, ground wheel support 26, vibrating screen 27, knotter 28, ground wheel adjustment bracket 29, gearbox 3 30.

[0019] The header includes a guide plate 4, a cutter 8, a dividing plate 9, a plucking planetary wheel 10, and a planetary wheel support frame 25. The guide plate 4 is bolted to the frame 21 and assists the plucking planetary wheel 10 in feeding the buckwheat seedlings into the frame 21. The cutter 8 is fixed to the frame 21 and is used to cut the buckwheat seedlings. The dividing plate 9 is fixed to the front end of the frame via the planetary wheel support frame 25. The plucking planetary wheel 10 is fixed to the planetary wheel support frame 25 and located below the dividing plate 9, mainly serving to plucking and supporting the seedlings. The planetary wheel support frame 25 is welded from hollow round tubes of structural steel and serves as a fixed support.

[0020] The power transmission system includes a gearbox 15, a transmission chain 16, a drive roller 17, a gearbox 19, a drive roller 20, a driven roller 23, a driven roller 24, a gearbox 30, a ground wheel bracket 26, a ground wheel adjustment bracket 29, and a ground wheel 11. The driven roller 23 is mounted inside the frame 21 using a bushing and is fixed by an end cover. The gearboxes 15, 19, and 30 are bolted to the frame 21. The drive roller 20 is fitted inside the frame 21 through a bushing and connected to the gearbox 19, thereby driving the conveying device 1 to operate. The drive roller 17 is fitted inside the frame 21 through a bushing and connected to the gearbox 15, thereby driving the conveying device 3 to move. The driven roller 24 is mounted inside the frame 21, located behind the cutter 8.

[0021] The transport and bundling mechanism includes a first transport device 1, a second transport device 3, transport teeth 6, transport spring teeth 7, and a knotter 28. The first transport device 1 is located inside the frame 21, driven by a first drive roller 20, and cooperates with a second driven roller 23 to achieve the purpose of transporting materials. The second transport device 3 is installed on the side plate of the frame, driven by a second drive roller 17, and circulates along the side plate of the frame in a groove-shaped trajectory, while simultaneously driving the second driven roller 24 to rotate. The transport teeth 6 are installed on the second transport device 3. The transport spring teeth 7 are installed on the first transport device 1 and cooperate with the transport teeth 6 to achieve the purpose of clamping and transporting materials. The knotter 28 is installed at the rear of the frame and bundles and knots the materials when the comb-type spring tooth transport mechanism transports materials to the rear of the device.

[0022] The air blowing system includes a uniform airflow pipe 1 (2), a uniform airflow pipe 2 (5), a fan (13), an air duct (14), an airflow pipe fixing device 1 (18), and an airflow pipe fixing device 2 (22). The uniform airflow pipe 1 (2) is located inside the frame 21 and is connected to the air duct 14. Airflow enters from one end and exits from each airflow branch pipe, with the other end being a closed section. The uniform airflow pipe 2 (5) is embedded inside the frame 21, with its air inlet connected to the air duct 14 via a corrugated pipe. Airflow enters from one end and exits from each airflow branch pipe, with the other end being a closed section. The air duct 14 is connected to the fan (13) and the uniform airflow pipe 1 (2). The fan (13) is mounted on the frame 21 and is driven by a motor, blowing airflow into the air duct 14. The airflow pipe fixing device 1 (18) and the airflow pipe fixing device 2 (22) are connected to the frame 21 and are used to fix the uniform airflow pipe 1 (2) and adjust its tilt angle.

[0023] The grain collection mechanism includes a frame 21, a grain outlet 12, and a vibrating screen 27. The frame 21 is welded from hollow square steel tubes and serves as a fixed support. The grain outlet 12 is located on the frame 21 and is connected to the frame 21 by welding. It is used to discharge the grains collected inside the frame. The vibrating screen 27 is located inside the frame 21 and has a certain inclination angle. Through continuous vibration, it causes the buckwheat grains that fall to the ground to flow to the grain outlet 12.

[0024] Working Principle: The specific workflow of this air-blowing comb-type buckwheat low-loss cutting and baling device in the field is as follows: The device moves forward under the push of a hand-held tractor. The buckwheat stalks are gathered together after passing through the dividing plate 9 and the diversion plate 4. Then, the cutter 8 cuts the buckwheat stalks and moves them to the rear of the device under the clamping of the conveying device 1 and the conveying device 2. During this process, buckwheat grains that have fallen off due to vibration or ripening are blown onto the vibrating screen 27 by the air force from the uniform airflow pipe 1 and the uniform airflow pipe 2 and their own weight. The buckwheat stalks are then baled by the knotter 28 at the rear of the device and placed in the field. Because the vibrating screen 27 has a certain angle and vibrates continuously, the fallen buckwheat grains move towards the grain outlet 12 and flow out from the grain outlet 12.

[0025] The structure and working principle of this utility model have been described above with specific embodiments. This utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Based on the above description, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made on the basis of the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A low-loss buckwheat cutting and bundling device of air-blowing comb brush type, mainly comprising a cutting platform part, a power transmission system, a transport and bundling mechanism, an air-blowing system and a grain collecting mechanism, specifically comprising: Transport device one (1), uniform airflow pipe one (2), transport device two (3), flow guide plate (4), uniform airflow pipe two (5), transport tooth (6), transport elastic tooth (7), cutting knife (8), grain divider (9), grain shifter planetary gear (10), ground wheel (11), grain outlet (12), fan (13), air duct (14), gear box one (15), transmission chain (16), driving roller two (17), airflow pipe fixing device one (18), gear box two (19), driving roller one (20), frame (21), airflow pipe fixing device two (22), driven roller one (23), driven roller two (24), planetary gear support frame (25), ground wheel support (26), vibrating screen (27), knotter (28), ground wheel adjustment support (29), gear box three (30); Its characteristics are: The cutting platform part includes the flow guide plate (4), the cutting knife (8), the grain divider (9), the grain shifter planetary gear (10), and the planetary gear support frame (25); the flow guide plate (4) is connected to the frame (21) by bolts, and the auxiliary grain shifter planetary gear (10) sends buckwheat into the frame (21); the cutting knife (8) is fixed on the frame (21) and is used for cutting buckwheat; the grain divider (9) is fixed at the front end of the frame through the planetary gear support frame (25); the grain shifter planetary gear (10) is fixed on the planetary gear support frame (25) and is located below the grain divider (9), mainly playing the roles of shifter and supporter; the planetary gear support frame (25) is welded by a hollow circular tube of structural steel and plays the role of fixed support; The power transmission system includes the gear box one (15), the transmission chain (16), the driving roller two (17), the gear box two (19), the driving roller one (20), the driven roller one (23), the driven roller two (24), the gear box three (30), the ground wheel support (26), the ground wheel adjustment support (29), and the ground wheel (11); the driven roller one (23) is installed inside the frame (21) by using a shaft sleeve and is fixed by an end cover; the gear box one (15), the gear box two (19), and the gear box three (30) are connected to the frame (21) by bolts; the driving roller one (20) is embedded in the frame (21) by a shaft sleeve and is connected with the gear box two (19), thereby driving the transport device one (1) to work; the driving roller two (17) is embedded in the frame (21) by a shaft sleeve and is connected with the gear box one (15), thereby driving the transport device two (3) to move; the driven roller two (24) is installed inside the frame (21) and is located behind the cutting knife (8); The transport bundling mechanism comprises a transport device one (1), a transport device two (3), a transport tooth (6), a transport spring tooth (7) and a knotter (28). The transport device one (1) is located inside the frame (21) and is driven by the driving roller one (20) and cooperates with the driven roller one (23) to realize the purpose of transporting materials. The transport device two (3) is installed on the frame side plate and is driven by the driving roller two (17) to rotate along the frame side plate in a slot-shaped track while driving the driven roller two (24) to rotate. The transport tooth (6) is installed on the transport device two (3). The transport spring tooth (7) is installed on the transport device one (1) and cooperates with the transport tooth (6) to achieve the purpose of clamping and transporting materials. The knotter (28) is installed at the rear of the frame and bundles and knots the materials when the materials are transported to the rear of the device by the combing spring tooth transport mechanism. The air blowing system comprises a uniform airflow pipe one (2), a uniform airflow pipe two (5), a fan (13), an air duct (14), an airflow pipe fixing device one (18) and an airflow pipe fixing device two (22). The uniform airflow pipe one (2) is located inside the frame (21) and is connected with the air duct (14). The airflow flows into from one end and flows out from each airflow branch pipe, and the other end is a closed section. The uniform airflow pipe two (5) is embedded in the frame (21). The air inlet is connected with the air duct (14) through a corrugated pipe. The airflow flows into from one end and flows out from each airflow branch pipe, and the other end is a closed section. The air duct (14) is connected with the fan (13) and the uniform airflow pipe one (2). The fan (13) is installed on the frame (21) and is driven by a motor to blow the airflow into the air duct (14). The airflow pipe fixing device one (18) and the airflow pipe fixing device two (22) are connected with the frame (21) to fix the uniform airflow pipe one (2) and adjust the inclination angle thereof. The grain collecting mechanism comprises a frame (21) and a grain outlet (12). The frame (21) is welded by a hollow square tube of structural steel and serves as a fixing support. The grain outlet (12) is located on the frame (21) and is connected with the frame (21) by welding and serves to discharge the collected grains inside the frame. The vibrating screen (27) is located inside the frame (21) and has a certain inclination angle. The vibrating screen (27) makes the dropped grains of buckwheat flow to the grain outlet (12) by continuous vibration.

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