Mechanical punching positioning device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a mechanical punching positioning device which comprises a machine table, a base, a punching assembly and a positioning mechanism, the base is fixedly installed on the machine table, a punching female die communicated with the interior of the machine table is arranged on the base, the punching assembly used for driving a punch to move up and down is arranged above the machine table, and the lower end of the punch is sleeved with a rubber column to achieve automatic stripping. The left side and the front side of the base are each provided with a positioning mechanism composed of a positioning plate, an adjusting plate and a guide seat, the angle of the positioning plate can be adjusted through a rotating handle according to the edge angle of a workpiece, angle scale marks assist in positioning, and the adjusting plate can move in the direction of the guide seat to adapt to workpieces of different sizes and is fixed through locking screws. By means of the structure, accurate positioning of special-shaped and multi-specification workpieces can be achieved, and the punching efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of machining equipment, specifically relates to a mechanical punching positioning device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In sheet metal processing, metal parts manufacturing and other industrial scenes, punching as a common processing method is widely used in the batch production process of various metal workpieces. In order to realize the accurate control of punching position, a special positioning device is usually needed to cooperate to ensure that each punching falls on the predetermined position, so as to improve the processing quality and product consistency.

[0003] The existing punching positioning device adopts a fixed positioning plate or a simple limiting structure, and the workpiece is manually pressed against the limiting edge by the worker before punching operation. However, the existing technology has the following deficiencies: first, when the edge of the workpiece is bevel or irregular edge, the conventional fixed positioning plate cannot be well combined with the edge of the workpiece, which easily leads to punching position deviation and affects the processing precision; second, when processing workpieces of different sizes or shapes, the existing positioning mechanism generally lacks flexible adjustment ability, resulting in long clamping debugging time and low positioning efficiency; third, some devices cannot realize rapid material removal after punching, and need to rely on manual workpiece removal, which not only is low in efficiency, but also easily causes wear and damage of the punch.

[0004] In summary, the existing mechanical punching positioning device has obvious adaptability and operation problems in the face of different workpiece sizes, edge forms and material removal efficiency. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a mechanical punching positioning device, which can realize an improved positioning device with wide application range and automatic material removal function, so as to improve the overall efficiency and processing precision of punching operation.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

[0007] A mechanical punching positioning device, comprising a machine table provided with a door plate on the side surface and a base fixed on the machine table, a punching concave die in communication with the inside of the machine table is installed on the upper surface of the base, a punching assembly cooperating with the punching concave die to perform punching work is further arranged on the upper side of the machine table, and a positioning mechanism is fixed on the left side and the front side edge of the base.

[0008] The positioning mechanism comprises a long strip-shaped positioning plate and a long strip-shaped adjusting plate, the positioning plate is parallel to the edge of the base, the adjusting plate is perpendicular to the edge of the base, the positioning plate is installed on the lower side of the adjusting plate and can be adjusted in angle, and a guide seat for guiding and locking the movement of the adjusting plate along the long direction of the adjusting plate is fixed on the side surface of the base.

[0009] Furthermore, the punching assembly includes a support frame fixed to the upper side of the machine base, a movable seat is provided on the inner side of the support frame above the base, a punch is fixed on the lower surface of the movable seat, and a guide rod is installed on the support frame to drive the movable seat to move up and down and guide the movable seat to move up and down.

[0010] Furthermore, the guide seat includes a fixing bracket fixed to the side of the base, a guide block fixed to the upper side of the fixing bracket, and a clamping screw fixed to the upper end of the guide block through the adjusting plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjusting plate has a guide opening that cooperates with the guide block, and a sleeve hole is provided at one end of the adjusting plate near the positioning plate. An indicator line is provided on the upper surface of the adjusting plate near the sleeve hole, and a locking screw is installed on the side of the adjusting plate at the position corresponding to the sleeve hole.

[0012] Furthermore, a rotating shaft is fixed at the center of the positioning plate, and a square connector is fixed at the upper end of the rotating shaft. The upper end of the rotating shaft passes through the sleeve hole and is connected to a rotating handle by the connector. An angle scale line is provided on the upper surface of the rotating handle, and a fixing screw is provided on the upper side of the rotating handle to fix it to the upper end of the connector.

[0013] Furthermore, a rubber post is fitted to the lower end of the punch, and a retaining ring is provided at the upper end of the rubber post.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] This invention features adjustable positioning mechanisms on the left and front edges of the base, creating a linked adjustment structure between the positioning plate and the adjustment plate. This allows for rapid positioning of workpieces of different sizes and edge shapes. The adjustment plate is guided by a guide seat and secured with clamping screws, enabling linear position adjustment along the base edge to accommodate the positioning needs of workpieces of varying sizes. The positioning plate and adjustment plate are connected by a rotating shaft with a handle for angle adjustment. Combined with angle scale lines and indicator lines, this allows for precise positioning of workpieces with beveled edges. This effectively solves the problem of fixed positioning device structures in existing technologies, which cannot adapt to workpieces with non-right-angled edges, thus improving the adaptability and positioning accuracy of the clamping.

[0016] This invention incorporates a movable seat and punch structure driven by a hydraulic cylinder in the punching assembly. The hydraulic cylinder has a stable pressure output capability, enabling stable advancement of the punch and thus completing high-efficiency punching of the workpiece. The punch is made of high-strength high-speed steel, possessing excellent wear resistance and lifespan, making it suitable for high-frequency stamping scenarios. This solves the problems of unstable stamping and severe wear in traditional punching structures, effectively improving the overall machine's operational reliability and processing efficiency.

[0017] This invention features a rubber column fitted to the lower end of the punch and a retaining ring structure at its upper end. After punching, the workpiece is automatically pushed downwards by the elastic rebound properties of the rubber column, achieving rapid unloading after punching. This structure eliminates the need for manual unloading, simplifies the operation, solves the problems of workpiece sticking to the punch and difficulty in unloading in traditional punching processes, reduces the risk of punch wear, and improves the continuity and overall efficiency of stamping operations.

[0018] The machine tool described in this utility model has an openable door panel structure on its side. The door panel is fixedly connected to the machine tool by magnetic attraction or mechanical lock. Metal scrap generated during the punching process can fall directly into the machine tool. Cleaning can be done by opening the door panel periodically, which is convenient and quick. This design solves the problems of inconvenient waste disposal and easy accumulation that affect the operation of existing devices, improves the maintainability and cleaning convenience of the equipment, and further ensures long-term stable operation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the guide seat of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment plate of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning plate of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the punch of this utility model.

[0025] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0026] 1. Machine base; 2. Base; 3. Positioning mechanism; 31. Positioning plate; 311. Rotary shaft; 312. Connector; 313. Rotary handle; 314. Fixing screw; 315. Angle scale line; 32. Adjusting plate; 321. Guide opening; 322. Indicator line; 323. Sleeve hole; 324. Locking screw; 33. Guide seat; 331. Fixing frame; 332. Guide block; 333. Clamping screw; 4. Support frame; 5. Hydraulic cylinder; 6. Guide rod; 7. Movable seat; 8. Punch; 81. Retaining ring; 82. Rubber column; 9. Punching die. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is merely used to describe one or more specific embodiments of this utility model and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by this utility model. Example

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a mechanical punching and positioning device includes a machine base 1 with a door panel on its side and a base 2 fixed on the machine base 1. The machine base 1 is made of carbon steel, which provides good stability and impact resistance. The door panel is a rotatable structure made of 304 stainless steel plate, and is installed on the side of the machine base 1 by hinges. It is also equipped with a magnetic lock for periodically opening and cleaning metal scrap generated during punching. The base 2 is made of cast iron in one piece to ensure high rigidity and low vibration during processing. A punching die 9, which communicates with the internal space of the machine base 1, is installed on the upper surface of the base 2. The punching die 9 is made of high-hardness mold steel SKD11 and is fixed to the center of the upper surface of the base 2 by bolts. A punching assembly is also provided on the upper side of the machine base 1 to cooperate with the punching die 9 for punching work, which is used to achieve vertical punching of metal workpieces. Positioning mechanisms 3 are fixed on the left and front edges of the base 2 to limit and position workpieces of different sizes and edge shapes, thereby improving punching accuracy and consistency.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the positioning mechanism 3 includes a long strip-shaped positioning plate 31 and a long strip-shaped adjusting plate 32. The positioning plate 31 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy 6061, which has good wear resistance and adjustment flexibility. It is installed parallel to the edge of the base 2 and is used to directly contact the edge of the workpiece for limiting and positioning. The adjusting plate 32 is made of cold-rolled steel plate with a thickness of 6mm. It is installed perpendicular to the edge of the base 2 and is adjusted longitudinally by cooperating with the base through a sliding groove structure. The positioning plate 31 is installed on the lower side of the adjusting plate 32 and the angle is adjustable through a rotating shaft structure to adapt to the positioning requirements of workpieces with inclined or non-right-angled edges. A guide seat 33 is fixed on the side of the base 2. The guide seat 33 is used to provide linear guidance and position locking for the adjusting plate 32 along its own length direction to ensure repeatability and stability during multiple adjustments.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, the punching assembly includes a support frame 4 fixed to the upper side of the machine base 1. The support frame 4 is a welded structure of channel steel with a powder-coated surface, providing strong corrosion resistance. A movable seat 7 is located on the inner side of the support frame 4, directly above the base 2. The movable seat 7 is made of Q235 steel plate, and a punch 8 is bolted to its lower end. The punch 8 is made of high-speed steel (model SKH51), possessing high wear resistance and strong impact toughness, used for high-frequency stamping of metal materials. Guide rods 6 are installed on the support frame 4. The guide rods 6 are made of 45# quenched and tempered steel, and two guide rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the movable seat 7 to linearly guide the up-and-down stroke movement of the movable seat 7. Simultaneously, a hydraulic cylinder 5 is located at the top of the support frame 4. The hydraulic cylinder 5 is a YH-63 / 40-400 type hydraulic cylinder with a rated working pressure of 10MPa, used to drive the movable seat 7 to move up and down, thereby driving the punch 8 to perform the stamping operation.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the guide seat 33 includes a fixing frame 331 fixed to the side of the base 2. The fixing frame 331 is welded from 45# steel plate. A rectangular guide block 332 is fixedly installed on its upper end. The guide block 332 is made of self-lubricating wear-resistant nylon material. The upper end of the guide block 332 passes through the guide opening 321 of the adjusting plate 32 and is locked by a clamping screw 333. The clamping screw 333 is an M10 internal hex screw. After tightening, the guide block 332 and the adjusting plate 32 can be reliably pressed together to prevent position displacement during the positioning process.

[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, the adjusting plate 32 has a guide opening 321 that cooperates with the guide block 332. The guide opening 321 is a long strip structure with a width of 15mm and a length of 80mm, which can ensure that the adjusting plate 32 moves smoothly under the guidance of the guide block 332. A circular sleeve hole 323 with an inner diameter of 20mm is provided at one end of the adjusting plate 32 near the positioning plate 31 for axial passage and installation of the rotating shaft 311. An indicator line 322 is provided on the upper surface of the adjusting plate 32 near the sleeve hole 323. The indicator line 322 is marked by laser etching process, which has high clarity and good wear resistance. A locking screw 324 is installed on the side of the adjusting plate 32 at the position corresponding to the sleeve hole 323. The locking screw 324 is a hand-tightened threaded screw with a specification of M8×16, which is used to reliably lock the positioning plate 31 after the angle adjustment is completed by rotation.

[0033] like Figure 5As shown, a rotating shaft 311 is fixed at the center of the positioning plate 31. The rotating shaft 311 is made of stainless steel 304 and has a diameter of 18mm. Both ends are connected to the sleeve hole 323 and the positioning plate 31 respectively through bearings. A square connector 312 is fixed at the upper end of the rotating shaft 311. The connector 312 is a zinc alloy die-cast structure and is fastened to the rotating shaft by an internal hexagon screw. The upper end of the rotating shaft 311 passes through the sleeve hole 323 of the adjusting plate 32 and is connected to a rotating handle 313. The rotating handle 313 is made of aluminum alloy, 120mm long and 20mm wide. Its upper surface is provided with laser-engraved angle scale lines 315 with a scale interval of 1°, which is used to precisely control the rotation angle of the positioning plate 31. A fixing screw 314 is installed on the upper side of the rotating handle 313 and mounted on the upper end of the connector 312. The fixing screw 314 is a cross-head screw to prevent the rotating handle from loosening.

[0034] like Figure 6 As shown, a rubber post 82 is fitted at the lower end of the punch 8. The rubber post 82 is made of nitrile rubber (NBR) with a Shore A hardness of 70 degrees, and has good elasticity and strong wear resistance. A metal retaining ring 81 is provided at the upper end of the rubber post 82. The retaining ring 81 is a stainless steel ring structure and is fixed to the punch by a pressing method to prevent the rubber post 82 from shifting or breaking due to frequent impact. After punching, the rubber post 82 quickly rebounds, thereby quickly pushing the punched workpiece off the bottom of the punch to complete the stripping action, improve punching efficiency and reduce manual intervention.

[0035] Example 2: Application of Adjustable Bidirectional Positioning Mechanism

[0036] In this embodiment, a positioning mechanism 3 is provided on the left side and the front edge of the base 2 for bidirectional positioning of the workpiece. The positioning mechanism 3 includes a positioning plate 31 and an adjusting plate 32. The positioning plate 31 is made of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy and has a size of 300mm×40mm×8mm. It is hinged to the adjusting plate 32 via a rotating shaft 311. The adjusting plate 32 is made of Q235 cold-rolled steel plate with a length of 250mm and a thickness of 6mm. It has a guide opening 321 and slides in cooperation with the guide block 332 installed on the side of the base. By rotating the handle 313, the included angle between the positioning plate 31 and the adjusting plate 32 can be adjusted in the range of 0° to 45°. The precise angle setting can be achieved with the help of the scale line 315 and the indicator line 322. When changing the workpiece with different edge structures (such as one side being a 30° bevel), only the rotating handle needs to be rotated to complete the positioning adjustment. Finally, the structure is fixed with the locking screw 324.

[0037] Comparative Case: Existing positioning devices use fixed right-angle limit plates, which cannot be adapted to workpieces with beveled or irregular edges. In actual production, inaccurate positioning and punching misalignment are prone to occur, requiring multiple manual interventions for correction. In contrast, this embodiment can adjust the precise limit in one go, significantly improving clamping efficiency and machining accuracy.

[0038] Example 3: Application of High-Frequency Hydraulic Punching Mechanism

[0039] In this embodiment, the punching assembly uses a hydraulic cylinder 5 of model YH-63 / 40-400, with a rated output pressure of 10MPa and a stroke of 400mm. The hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixed to the support frame 4 above the machine base 1. The support frame is a frame structure welded from 80×40 channel steel. The movable seat 7 is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder and is guided bidirectionally by the guide rod 6. The guide rod is made of 45# quenched and tempered steel with a diameter of 25mm to ensure that the stroke accuracy is no greater than ±0.1mm. A high-speed steel punch 8 (SKH51 material) with a diameter of 12mm is installed at the lower end of the movable seat 7. It is used to perform high-frequency punching on 1.2mm thick stainless steel plates. The punching frequency can reach 20 times / min, and the hole diameter consistency error does not exceed ±0.05mm.

[0040] Comparative Case: Traditional manual punching equipment uses a spiral-driven punch, which has a slow processing speed, is prone to positioning deviation, has uneven punching force, and is not efficient. In contrast, this embodiment uses a hydraulic linear drive system, which has a stable stroke and strong repeatability, making it particularly suitable for medium-batch, high-precision punching operations.

[0041] Example 4: Application of Automatic Unloading Rubber Column Structure

[0042] In this embodiment, a rubber post 82 is fitted at the lower end of the punch 8. The rubber post is 20mm long and 12mm in outer diameter. It is made of Shore A 70-degree nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR). A stainless steel retaining ring 81 is fixed at the upper end. The retaining ring is 15mm in diameter and 2mm thick. After punching, the rubber post 82 quickly rebounds and pushes the workpiece stuck at the end of the punch downward, thereby realizing non-contact automatic unloading. This structure can unload more than 50,000 punching cycles without producing significant fatigue deformation.

[0043] Comparative Case: Traditional punching devices are not equipped with an automatic unloading structure. When the workpiece is attached to the lower end of the punch after punching, it needs to be manually peeled off. Frequent operation leads to severe wear of the punch and poses operational dangers. This embodiment significantly improves safety and continuous operation capability by using a rubber column for automatic unloading.

[0044] Example 5: Application of a waste cleaning structure with door panels

[0045] In this embodiment, a rotatable door panel is provided on the right side of the machine base 1. The door panel is 350mm×400mm in size and is made of 304 stainless steel brushed plate. The door panel is riveted to the machine base frame by stainless steel hinges and is equipped with a double-safety opening and closing structure of magnetic lock and spring buckle. The waste material generated by punching falls directly into the waste material tank inside the machine base through the punching die 9. The waste material tank is 100mm deep and has a sloping guide structure, so the waste material can slide naturally to the bottom. The operator only needs to open the door panel for centralized cleaning each shift, without stopping the machine to clean the punching area.

[0046] Comparative Case: Common machines do not have dedicated cleaning ports, so waste accumulates at the bottom or slides to the ground, making cleaning difficult and affecting the placement of subsequent workpieces. The protective cover needs to be removed during the cleaning process, which can easily cause accidental injury or increase downtime. In contrast, this embodiment achieves safe and fast cleaning through a dedicated door panel, improving operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0047] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: When punching a workpiece, it is placed on the upper surface of the base 2 and positioned close to the positioning plates 31 on the left and back. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the movable seat 7 to lower the punch 8 to punch the workpiece. The waste generated by punching falls into the inner side of the machine 1 and is cleaned by opening the door panel on the side of the machine 1.

[0048] When punching, the rubber column 82 on the punch will rebound and push the workpiece downward after punching is completed, thus completing the rapid stripping of the workpiece during punching.

[0049] The positioning plate 31 is used to limit and block the edge of the workpiece, thereby completing the positioning of the workpiece. When the edge of the workpiece is beveled, the locking screw 324 can be loosened, and then the angle of the positioning plate 31 can be adjusted by using the rotating handle 313. The angle can be precisely adjusted according to the cooperation of the angle scale line 315 and the indicator line 322. Finally, the locking screw 324 is tightened again to fix it, so that the positioning plate 31 fits better with the edge of the workpiece and ensures a better positioning effect.

[0050] When the workpieces are of different sizes, the clamping screws 333 can be loosened, and then the adjusting plate 32 can be adjusted. The movement of the adjusting plate 32 will adjust the position of the positioning plate 31, thereby better meeting the positioning adjustment of workpieces of different sizes.

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, shall be implemented using conventional methods in the field.

Claims

1. A mechanical punching positioning device, comprising a machine table (1) provided with a door plate on the side surface and a base (2) fixed on the machine table (1), characterized in that: The upper surface of the base (2) is provided with a punching die (9) communicated with the interior of the machine table (1), the upper side of the machine table (1) is further provided with a punching assembly matched with the punching die (9) to punch, the left and front side edges of the base (2) are both fixed with a positioning mechanism (3); The positioning mechanism (3) comprises a long strip-shaped positioning plate (31) and a long strip-shaped adjusting plate (32), the positioning plate (31) is parallel to the edge of the base (2), the adjusting plate (32) is perpendicular to the edge of the base (2), the positioning plate (31) is installed at the lower side of the adjusting plate (32) and can be adjusted in angle, the side of the base (2) is fixed with a guide seat (33) guiding and locking the movement of the adjusting plate (32) along the long direction of itself.

2. A mechanical piercing positioning device according to claim 1, wherein: The punching assembly comprises a support frame (4) fixed on the upper side of the machine table (1), the inner side of the support frame (4) is provided with a movable seat (7) above the base (2), the lower surface of the movable seat (7) is fixed with a punch (8), the support frame (4) is installed with a guide rod (6) driving and guiding the up-and-down movement of the movable seat (7).

3. A mechanical piercing positioning device according to claim 2, wherein: The guide seat (33) comprises a fixing frame (331) fixed on the side of the base (2), the upper side of the fixing frame (331) is fixed with a guide block (332), the upper end of the guide block (332) is fixed with a pressing screw (333) penetrating through the adjusting plate (32).

4. A mechanical piercing positioning device according to claim 3, wherein: The adjusting plate (32) is provided with a guide opening (321) matched with the guide block (332), one end of the adjusting plate (32) close to the positioning plate (31) is provided with a sleeve hole (323), the upper surface of the adjusting plate (32) is provided with an indicating line (322) close to the sleeve hole (323), and the side of the adjusting plate (32) is installed with a locking screw (324) corresponding to the sleeve hole (323).

5. A mechanical piercing positioning device according to claim 4, wherein: The center of the positioning plate (31) is fixed with a rotating shaft (311), the upper end of the rotating shaft (311) is fixed with a square connecting head (312), the upper end of the rotating shaft (311) penetrates through the sleeve hole (323) and is connected with a handle (313) by the connecting head (312), the upper surface of the handle (313) is provided with an angle scale line (315), and the upper side of the handle (313) is provided with a fixing screw (314) fixed on the upper end of the connecting head (312).

6. A mechanical piercing positioning device according to claim 2, wherein: The lower end of the punch (8) is sleeved with a rubber column (82), and the upper end of the rubber column (82) is provided with a check ring (81).

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