Anti-abrasion machine tool spindle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tool spindles, and discloses an anti-abrasion machine tool spindle which comprises a shell, a rotating shaft is connected in the shell in a sliding mode, a rotor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft, a connecting base is arranged on the side wall of the rotor, and an anti-abrasion assembly is arranged in the shell. The anti-abrasion assembly comprises a buffer layer and an anti-abrasion layer, a plurality of circular grooves are formed in the inner wall of the anti-abrasion layer and used for containing self-lubricating materials, and the outer wall of the rotor is slidably connected to the inner wall of the anti-abrasion layer. The inner wall surface of the wear-resistant layer is provided with the circular groove and is filled with the self-lubricating material, so that the rotor and the surface of the wear-resistant layer can be continuously lubricated, wear is reduced, the buffer layer can absorb vibration and impact generated during processing, the wear-resistant layer improves the wear-resistant capability of the inner wall surface, the effect of improving the wear-resistant performance of the main shaft is achieved, and the problem that the main shaft is easy to wear is solved; the service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machine tool spindle technology, and in particular to a wear-resistant machine tool spindle. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, the machine tool spindle is a core component, and its performance directly determines the machining accuracy, efficiency, and overall service life of the equipment. As the manufacturing industry develops towards high precision, high speed, and high stability, the requirements for machine tool spindles are becoming increasingly stringent. In various machining scenarios in industrial production, the machine tool spindle undertakes the key task of driving the cutting tool or workpiece to rotate at high speed. Whether it is the precision machining of automotive parts or the high-end manufacturing in the aerospace field, the stable operation of a high-performance machine tool spindle is indispensable.

[0003] At present, many machine tool spindles are designed with conventional metal materials and use simple surface treatment to deal with wear problems. In terms of sealing structure, traditional static sealing methods are generally used, relying on the tight fit between the seal and the spindle surface to prevent impurities and cutting fluid from entering. In terms of lubrication, the lubrication effect during spindle operation is maintained by regularly applying lubricating oil or grease.

[0004] However, traditional machine tool spindles rely on limited methods to address wear issues and cannot solve the wear problem during operation. This leads to spindle wear, significantly shortening its service life. Furthermore, seal failure allows external impurities and cutting fluid to enter the spindle, further exacerbating wear and severely impacting the machining accuracy and stability of the machine tool. This increases maintenance costs and fails to meet the urgent demands of the current manufacturing industry for high-quality and high-efficiency production. Therefore, a wear-resistant machine tool spindle is proposed to address these problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a wear-resistant machine tool spindle, which aims to improve the problem of easy wear of spindles in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A wear-resistant machine tool spindle includes a housing, a rotating shaft slidably connected inside the housing, a rotor fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft, the rotor slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing, a connecting seat provided on the side wall of the rotor, the side wall of the connecting seat fixedly connected to the side wall of the housing, and an anti-wear component provided inside the housing.

[0008] The wear-resistant component includes a buffer layer and a wear-resistant layer. The outer wall of the buffer layer is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell, and the outer wall of the wear-resistant layer is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer layer. The inner wall of the wear-resistant layer has multiple circular grooves for placing self-lubricating materials. The outer wall of the rotor is slidably connected to the inner wall of the wear-resistant layer.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0010] The side wall of the connector is provided with an output shaft, the side wall of the output shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connector, and the inside of the output shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0012] Two auxiliary bearings are provided on one side of the inner shell. The inner wall of the auxiliary bearings is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the rotating shaft. A main bearing is provided on the other side of the inner shell. An adaptive component is provided inside the main bearing. The adaptive component is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0014] The adaptive component includes an adjustment sleeve, the outer wall of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main bearing.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0016] A buffer pad is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve, and an elastic sealing ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer pad.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0018] The buffer pad is equipped with multiple compensating springs, which are distributed in a circumferential shape.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0020] One end of each compensation spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve, and the other end of each compensation spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the elastic sealing ring.

[0021] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0022] The inner wall of the elastic sealing ring is fixedly connected with multiple protruding strips, which are distributed in a circumferential shape.

[0023] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. In this utility model, the wear-resistant layer has circular grooves on its surface and is filled with self-lubricating material, which can continuously lubricate the rotor and the wear-resistant layer surface, reduce the coefficient of friction, and reduce wear. The buffer layer is made of elastic materials such as rubber, which can absorb the vibration and impact generated during processing. The wear-resistant layer is composed of a ceramic coating, which improves the wear resistance of the rotating shaft and rotor surface, thereby improving the anti-wear performance of the spindle, solving the problem of easy wear of the spindle, and extending its service life.

[0025] 2. In this utility model, when the spindle is running, if the gap between the elastic sealing ring and the rotating shaft increases due to wear, the compensating spring will deform elastically and push the sealing ring to move towards the rotating shaft to compensate for the gap. This effectively prevents external impurities and cutting fluid from entering the spindle, avoids wear caused by impurities, solves the problem of wear caused by spindle seal failure, and extends the spindle life. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a wear-resistant machine tool spindle proposed in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft structure of a wear-resistant machine tool spindle proposed in this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an elastic sealing ring structure for a wear-resistant machine tool spindle proposed in this utility model.

[0029] Legend:

[0030] 1. Housing; 2. Connecting seat; 3. Output shaft; 4. Rotor; 5. Rotating shaft; 6. Buffer layer; 7. Wear-resistant layer; 8. Circular groove; 9. Secondary bearing; 10. Main bearing; 11. Adjusting sleeve; 12. Buffer pad; 13. Compensating spring; 14. Elastic sealing ring; 15. Protruding strip. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2This utility model provides an embodiment of a wear-resistant machine tool spindle, comprising a housing 1 made of alloy steel, providing installation space for internal components such as a rotating shaft 5, a rotor 4, and wear-resistant components. The rotating shaft 5, also made of alloy steel and heat-treated to exhibit good wear resistance and toughness, is slidably connected inside the housing 1. The rotating shaft 5 transmits power, driving the connected tool or workpiece to rotate, thus realizing the machine tool's machining operation. A rotor 4, made of stacked silicon steel sheets, is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 5, exhibiting good magnetic conductivity. The rotor 4, with its high mechanical properties, rotates together with the rotating shaft 5, converting electrical energy into mechanical energy to power the rotation of the machine tool spindle. The rotor 4 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the outer casing 1. A connecting seat 2 is provided on the side wall of the rotor 4 to fix the output shaft 3, thereby connecting the rotating shaft 5 to external equipment and transmitting the rotational motion of the rotating shaft 5 to the external equipment. The side wall of the connecting seat 2 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the outer casing 1. An anti-wear component is provided inside the outer casing 1 to reduce the wear between the rotating shaft 5 and the rotor 4 and the inner wall of the outer casing 1 during rotation, thus extending the service life of the machine tool spindle.

[0033] The wear-resistant component includes a buffer layer 6 and a wear-resistant layer 7. The buffer layer 6 is made of a rubber-like elastic material, possessing good elasticity and damping characteristics. The outer wall of the buffer layer 6 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell 1 by hot vulcanization. The wear-resistant layer 7 is composed of a ceramic coating, and its outer wall is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer layer 6 by thermal spraying technology. This effectively absorbs vibrations and impacts generated during machine tool processing, reducing the impact of vibrations and impacts on the rotating shaft 5 and rotor 4, and reducing fatigue damage to components. Multiple circular grooves 8 are formed on the inner wall of the wear-resistant layer 7 through machining during its manufacturing process. These grooves 8 are used to place self-lubricating material. During the rotation of the rotating shaft 5 and rotor 4, the self-lubricating material releases lubricant, achieving continuous lubrication of the rotor 4 and the surface of the wear-resistant layer 7, reducing the coefficient of friction, and further... To reduce wear, the outer wall of rotor 4 is slidably connected to the inner wall of wear-resistant layer 7. The side wall of connecting seat 2 is provided with output shaft 3, which is used to transmit the rotational motion of rotating shaft 5 to external equipment, realizing power transmission between machine tool spindle and external equipment. The side wall of output shaft 3 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of connecting seat 2. The inside of output shaft 3 is fixedly connected to one end of rotating shaft 5. Two auxiliary bearings 9 are provided on one side of the inside of housing 1. The auxiliary bearings 9 are used to support rotating shaft 5 and reduce radial and axial displacement of rotating shaft 5 during rotation. The inner wall of auxiliary bearing 9 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of rotating shaft 5. The other side of the inside of housing 1 is provided with main bearing 10. The main bearing 10 is provided with adaptive component. The adaptive component is fixedly connected to the outer wall of rotating shaft 5. Adaptive component includes adjusting sleeve 11. The outer wall of adjusting sleeve 11 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of main bearing 10.

[0034] Specifically, when the machine tool starts, the output electrical energy drives the rotor 4 to start rotating. The rotor 4 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 5. When the rotor 4 rotates, the rotating shaft 5 rotates synchronously. During the rotation of the rotor 4 and the rotating shaft 5, the self-lubricating material inside the circular groove 8 on the inner wall of the wear-resistant layer 7 begins to play its role. Under the action of frictional heat and mechanical force, the self-lubricating material gradually releases lubricant. The lubricant forms a lubricating film on the surface of the rotor 4 and the wear-resistant layer 7, reducing the coefficient of friction between the rotor 4 and the wear-resistant layer 7. The outer wall of the rotor 4 slides circumferentially on the inner wall of the wear-resistant layer 7. Due to the presence of the lubricating film, the sliding of the rotor 4 is smoother, reducing wear. At the same time, vibration and impact will be generated during the machine tool processing. These vibrations and impacts are transmitted to the housing 1 through the rotating shaft 5 and rotor 4. When the vibrations and impacts are transmitted to the buffer layer 6, the buffer layer 6 undergoes elastic deformation, converting the energy of the vibrations and impacts into its own elastic potential energy and heat energy, reducing the damage of the vibrations and impacts to the rotating shaft 5 and rotor 4. During the rotation of the rotor 4 and rotating shaft 5, the wear-resistant layer 7 can effectively resist the friction and wear between the rotor 4 and rotating shaft 5 and the inner wall of the housing 1. Even under high-speed rotation and large load, the wear-resistant layer 7 can maintain the integrity of its surface and reduce the occurrence of wear, thereby achieving the effect of improving the anti-wear performance of the spindle and ensuring that the machine tool spindle can still maintain a good working condition under long-term, high-load working environment, providing a guarantee for the stable processing of the machine tool.

[0035] Reference Figure 3The adaptive component includes an adjusting sleeve 11, made of aluminum alloy, which is lightweight and high-strength. It provides mounting support for components such as the buffer pad 12 and the compensating spring 13. The outer wall of the adjusting sleeve 11 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main bearing 10 via an interference fit. A buffer pad 12, made of polyurethane rubber, is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve 11. The buffer pad 12 has good elasticity and cushioning performance, absorbing vibrations generated during spindle operation and reducing friction between components caused by vibration. An elastic sealing ring 14, also made of polyurethane rubber, is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer pad 12. This elastic sealing ring 14 has good elasticity, corrosion resistance, and sealing performance, effectively preventing external impurities and cutting fluid from entering the spindle and avoiding damage caused by impurities. To mitigate wear on the internal components of the main spindle, the buffer pad 12 contains multiple compensating springs 13. These springs 13 function as adaptive adjusters in the adaptive assembly. When the gap between the elastic sealing ring 14 and the rotating shaft 5 changes due to wear, the compensating springs 13 compensate for the gap through their own elastic deformation, ensuring the sealing effect between the elastic sealing ring 14 and the rotating shaft 5. The compensating springs 13 are circumferentially distributed, with one end of each spring 13 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve 11 and the other end fixedly connected to the outer wall of the elastic sealing ring 14. Multiple protruding strips 15 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the elastic sealing ring 14. These protruding strips 15 are circumferentially distributed, increasing the contact area between the elastic sealing ring 14 and the rotating shaft 5, further improving the sealing effect.

[0036] Specifically, the compensating spring 13 surrounds the outer side of the elastic sealing ring 14. When the rotating shaft 5 starts to operate, the output shaft 3 rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 5. Since the rotating shaft 5 and the inner wall of the elastic sealing ring 14 are in contact with each other, friction will occur between them during long-term operation, causing the gap between the elastic sealing ring 14 and the rotating shaft 5 to gradually increase. When the gap between the elastic sealing ring 14 and the rotating shaft 5 increases due to wear, the compensating spring 13 will undergo elastic deformation, generating a thrust along the radial direction of the elastic sealing ring 14 towards the rotating shaft 5. Under the action of the thrust of the compensating spring 13, the elastic sealing ring 14 begins to move, making the contact between the protruding strip 15 and the rotating shaft 5 tighter, filling the gap caused by wear. Through the elastic deformation of the compensating spring 13, the elastic sealing ring 14 is pushed to move, always maintaining a good sealing effect between the elastic sealing ring 14 and the rotating shaft 5, preventing external impurities and cutting fluid from entering the spindle from the gap between the elastic sealing ring 14 and the rotating shaft 5, thereby effectively preventing external impurities and cutting fluid from entering the spindle and avoiding wear caused by impurity intrusion.

[0037] Working principle: A buffer layer 6 and a wear-resistant layer 7 are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the outer casing 1. Circular grooves 8 are formed on the surface of the wear-resistant layer 7, and the grooves 8 are filled with self-lubricating material to achieve continuous lubrication of the rotor 4 and the surface of the wear-resistant layer 7, reduce the coefficient of friction, and further reduce wear. The buffer layer 6 is made of rubber-like elastic material, which can effectively absorb the vibration and impact generated during processing, reducing damage to the rotor 4 and the rotating shaft 5. The wear-resistant layer 7 is composed of a ceramic coating, which is attached to the buffer layer 6 through thermal spraying technology, improving the wear resistance of the inner wall of the outer casing 1 and the surfaces of the rotating shaft 5 and the rotor 4, thereby achieving the effect of improving the wear resistance of the spindle.

[0038] An adaptive compensation sealing assembly is provided at the end of the output shaft 3. This assembly consists of an elastic sealing ring 14, a compensation spring 13, and an adjusting sleeve 11. The compensation spring 13 surrounds the outer side of the elastic sealing ring 14. During the operation of the spindle, when the gap between the elastic sealing ring 14 and the rotating shaft 5 increases due to wear, the compensation spring 13 will automatically generate elastic deformation, pushing the elastic sealing ring 14 to move towards the rotating shaft 5, thereby compensating for the gap caused by wear and maintaining a good sealing effect. This effectively prevents external impurities and cutting fluid from entering the spindle and avoids wear caused by impurities.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A wear-protected machine tool spindle comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: The outer shell (1) is internally connected with a rotating shaft (5), the outer wall of the rotating shaft (5) is fixedly connected with a rotor (4), the rotor (4) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the outer shell (1), the side wall of the rotor (4) is provided with a connecting seat (2), the connecting seat (2) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the outer shell (1), and the outer shell (1) is internally provided with an anti-wear assembly. The anti-wear assembly comprises a buffer layer (6) and a wear-resistant layer (7), the outer wall of the buffer layer (6) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell (1), the outer wall of the wear-resistant layer (7) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer layer (6), a plurality of circular grooves (8) are formed in the inner wall of the wear-resistant layer (7), the circular grooves (8) are used for placing self-lubricating materials, and the outer wall of the rotor (4) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the wear-resistant layer (7).

2. A wear resistant machine tool spindle as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: The connecting seat (2) is provided with an output shaft (3), the output shaft (3) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting seat (2), and one end of the output shaft (3) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (5).

3. A wear resistant machine tool spindle as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: One side of the inner wall of the outer shell (1) is provided with two auxiliary bearings (9), the inner wall of the auxiliary bearing (9) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the rotating shaft (5), the other side of the inner wall of the outer shell (1) is provided with a main bearing (10), the main bearing (10) is internally provided with an adaptive assembly, and the outer wall of the rotating shaft (5) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adaptive assembly.

4. A wear resistant machine tool spindle as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that: The adaptive assembly comprises an adjusting sleeve (11), and the outer wall of the adjusting sleeve (11) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main bearing (10).

5. A wear resistant machine tool spindle as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that: The inner wall of the adjusting sleeve (11) is fixedly connected with a buffer pad (12), and the inner wall of the buffer pad (12) is fixedly connected with an elastic sealing ring (14).

6. A wear resistant machine tool spindle as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that: The inner wall of the buffer pad (12) is provided with a plurality of compensation springs (13), and the compensation springs (13) are distributed in a circumferential shape.

7. A wear resistant machine tool spindle as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that: One end of each of the compensation springs (13) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve (11), and the other end of each of the compensation springs (13) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the elastic sealing ring (14).

8. A wear resistant machine tool spindle as claimed in claim 7, characterised in that: The inner wall of the elastic sealing ring (14) is fixedly connected with a plurality of protruding strips (15), and the protruding strips (15) are distributed in a circumferential shape.

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