Polishing equipment suitable for ceramics

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of ceramic processing, in particular to polishing equipment suitable for ceramics, which comprises a rack, a workbench for placing ceramic workpieces and a polishing spindle, a moving mechanism is arranged on the rack and consists of a longitudinal transmission part and a transverse transmission part, the longitudinal transmission part is assembled on the rack, and the transverse transmission part is assembled on the longitudinal transmission part. The numerical control module controls the longitudinal transmission part and the transverse transmission part to transmit so as to drive the main shaft to move to a preset position along a specified track at a specified speed, the rotating speed of the cutter head is controlled, the cutter head polishes a product according to machining parameters, and the size precision and the bottom flatness of the product are improved. The cutter head is obliquely arranged upwards or downwards relative to the horizontal plane in the direction from the side connected with the transverse transmission part to the front side of the cutter head, the contact area between the cutter head and a product is small during cutter feeding, cutting resistance is small, abrasion of the cutter head is reduced, cooling liquid is combined to cool a cutter, a numerical control module controls the cutter head to move stably, and the service life of the cutter head is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of ceramic processing technology, and in particular to a grinding device suitable for ceramics. Background Technology

[0002] Ceramic bottom grinding equipment is mainly used to process the bottom of ceramic workpieces, such as ceramic kitchenware, ceramic teaware, or ceramic inner pots for rice cookers. By grinding and finishing the bottom of the ceramic workpieces, the flatness and smoothness of the bottom of the product are improved, thereby enhancing the product's refinement and dimensional accuracy.

[0003] In existing ceramic processing techniques, the ceramic workpiece needs to be manually held, and the grinding force, speed, angle, and other parameters of the workpiece must be controlled based on the operator's subjective judgment to grind the bottom of the workpiece. Specifically, a grinding device for ceramic workpieces described in Chinese Utility Model Patent Publication No. CN213828365U mainly includes a frame, a motor mounted on the frame, and a grinding disc connected to the motor's output shaft. Its operation relies on the operator holding the ceramic workpiece and controlling the pressure applied to the grinding disc. The friction generated by the rotation of the grinding disc removes excess material from the bottom. Using existing ceramic grinding equipment, the quality of the product is highly dependent on the operator's experience and skill, making it difficult to guarantee product consistency. For products requiring high dimensional accuracy and bottom flatness, manual operation is also difficult to meet the requirements. Furthermore, relying on manual operation also suffers from low processing efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, further improvements are needed to the existing ceramic grinding equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a polishing device suitable for ceramics, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a grinding device suitable for ceramics, comprising a frame, a worktable for placing ceramic workpieces, and a grinding spindle for grinding ceramic workpieces. The worktable is rotatably mounted on the frame. The frame also has a moving mechanism for moving the grinding spindle. The moving mechanism consists of a longitudinal transmission part and a transverse transmission part. The longitudinal transmission part is mounted on the frame, and the transverse transmission part is mounted on the longitudinal transmission part and arranged perpendicularly to each other. The grinding spindle is mounted on the transverse transmission part. The transverse transmission part can push the grinding spindle to move laterally, and the longitudinal transmission part can push the transverse transmission part to move longitudinally, thereby driving the grinding spindle to move synchronously.

[0007] The grinding spindle includes a spindle drive unit, and a grinding disc is connected to the output end of the spindle drive unit. The grinding spindle is mounted obliquely on the transverse transmission unit, and the grinding spindle is inclined upward or downward relative to the horizontal plane from the side connected to the transverse transmission unit toward the front side of the grinding spindle.

[0008] The output shaft of the spindle drive unit is also equipped with a guide for guiding coolant. The grinding disc is mounted on the bottom of the guide. The guide has a guide groove. The guide groove and the grinding disc are respectively equipped with liquid passage holes on the inner side of the cutting edge. The liquid passage holes on the guide groove are in communication with the liquid passage holes on the grinding disc. Alternatively, a universal tube for guiding coolant is constructed at the corresponding position of the frame and the worktable and / or on the body of the spindle drive unit.

[0009] The frame is also equipped with a rotating assembly for driving the rotation of the worktable, and the output shaft of the rotating assembly is connected to the worktable.

[0010] The longitudinal transmission unit includes a first servo motor, a first lead screw, and a first slider. The output end of the first servo motor is connected to the first lead screw, and the first slider is sleeved on the first lead screw. The first servo motor drives the first lead screw to rotate, thereby transmitting the first slider to move longitudinally.

[0011] The horizontal transmission unit includes a base, a second slider, a second servo motor and a second lead screw mounted on the base, the second slider being sleeved on the second lead screw, the base being assembled on the first slider of the vertical transmission unit, and the grinding spindle being connected to the second slider.

[0012] Wherein, a first slide rail is constructed on the frame along the moving direction of the transverse transmission part, and a first sliding seat is constructed on the transverse transmission part, the first sliding seat being slidably mounted on the first slide rail;

[0013] and / or

[0014] A second slide rail is constructed on the base along the moving direction of the grinding spindle, and a second sliding seat is constructed on the grinding spindle, the second sliding seat being slidably mounted on the second slide rail.

[0015] The worktable is equipped with a clamping part for fixing ceramic workpieces.

[0016] It also includes a CNC module for controlling the movement and speed of the grinding spindle, and the CNC module is electrically connected to the horizontal transmission unit, the vertical transmission unit, and the grinding spindle.

[0017] A tool setter is constructed on one side of the frame for calibrating the size of the grinding head and the relative coordinate position of the head. The tool setter is electrically connected to the CNC module.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This application places the ceramic workpiece on a rotatable worktable, presets various processing parameters on the CNC module, and controls the longitudinal and transverse transmission parts to drive the grinding spindle to move along the preset trajectory at a preset speed. At the same time, it controls the rotation speed of the grinding disc, so that the grinding disc grinds the bottom of the ceramic workpiece according to the preset processing parameters. This replaces the traditional manual grinding method of holding the ceramic workpiece by hand on the grinding disc, which can greatly improve the dimensional accuracy and bottom flatness of the product.

[0019] Secondly, because the grinding spindle is tilted forward from the side connected to the transverse transmission unit, the grinding disc tilts forward from the end closest to the transverse transmission unit. Since only the front edge of the grinding disc grinds the ceramic workpiece during the entire cutting process, the contact area between the grinding disc and the product is small during transverse feed, resulting in less cutting resistance. Compared to a machining method where the grinding spindle is not tilted and the grinding disc has a larger contact area with the product during transverse feed, this effectively reduces the wear of the grinding disc. Combined with the cooling components releasing coolant to cool the tool and the CNC module controlling the smooth movement of the grinding disc, this helps extend the service life of the grinding disc and achieves the effect of saving processing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a polishing device suitable for ceramics.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of a polishing device suitable for ceramics;

[0022] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the grinding spindle;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the main structure for grinding the spindle;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA.

[0025] The components in the attached diagram are labeled as follows:

[0026] 1-Frame, 11-Worktable, 12-Rotary motor, 13-First slide rail, 14-First sliding seat, 15-Clamping part, 16-Tool setter; 2-Grinding spindle, 21-Grinding tool disc, 22-Spindle drive part, 23-Guide component, 24-Guide groove, 25-Liquid passage hole, 26-Connecting block; 3-Longitudinal transmission part, 31-First servo motor, 32-First lead screw, 33-First slider; 4-Horizontal transmission part, 41-Base, 42-Second slider, 43-Second servo motor, 44-Second lead screw, 45-Second slide rail, 46-Second sliding seat. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] Example 1: As Figure 1-5 As shown, a ceramic grinding device includes a frame 1, a worktable 11 for placing ceramic workpieces, and a grinding spindle 2 for grinding the ceramic workpieces. The worktable 11 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1. A moving mechanism for moving the grinding spindle 2 is also constructed on the frame 1. The moving mechanism consists of a longitudinal drive unit 3 and a transverse drive unit 4. The longitudinal drive unit 3 is mounted on the frame 1, and the transverse drive unit 4 is mounted on the longitudinal drive unit 3 and arranged perpendicularly to each other. The grinding spindle 2 is mounted on the transverse drive unit 4. Specifically, the ceramic workpiece is fixed on the rotatable worktable 11, and the grinding spindle 2 is started. The grinding disc 21 and the worktable rotate. The longitudinal transmission unit 3 first moves the transverse transmission unit 4 and the grinding spindle 2 to a suitable height. The transverse transmission unit 4 pushes the grinding spindle 2 to move laterally to the ceramic workpiece. The grinding disc 21 performs the first grinding on the bottom of the ceramic workpiece. After the first grinding is completed, the longitudinal transmission unit 3 pushes the grinding spindle 2 to move upward to avoid gaps, and the transverse transmission unit 4 pushes the grinding spindle 2 to retract. The movement method before the first grinding is repeated. At the same time, the longitudinal transmission unit moves the grinding disc to a lower height to grind the bottom of the ceramic workpiece again. This cycle is repeated until the workpiece is processed. This processing method can more accurately control the grinding precision.

[0029] During the feed, the cutting point of the grinding disc passes through the rotation center of the bottom surface of the ceramic workpiece. The rotating grinding disc feeds laterally, and the ceramic workpiece rotates synchronously with the worktable, ensuring that the grinding disc can cover the entire bottom surface of the ceramic workpiece during the lateral feed.

[0030] The horizontal transmission unit 4, the vertical transmission unit 3, and the grinding spindle 2 are located on the side of the frame 1, and the worktable 11 is located on the bottom surface of the frame 1.

[0031] Furthermore, a CNC module for controlling the movement and rotation speed of the grinding spindle 2 is also constructed on the frame 1. The CNC module is electrically connected to the transverse transmission unit 4, the longitudinal transmission unit 3, and the grinding spindle 2. Operators can set processing parameters such as the feed rate of the longitudinal and transverse transmission units and the rotation speed of the grinding spindle on the touchscreen of the CNC module. The CNC module controls the entire grinding process, achieving stable and precise grinding, replacing the traditional manual grinding method of holding ceramic workpieces on a grinding wheel. This significantly improves the dimensional accuracy and bottom flatness of the product. It should be noted that the structure of the CNC module and the signal transmission technology between the CNC module and the longitudinal, transverse, and grinding spindle units are existing technologies and will not be described in detail in this invention.

[0032] Preferably, the grinding spindle 2 includes a grinding disc 21 and a spindle drive unit 22 for driving the grinding disc 21 to rotate. The spindle drive unit 22 is a spindle drive motor. The grinding disc 21 is mounted at the output end of the spindle drive motor. The grinding spindle is obliquely mounted on the transverse transmission unit. The grinding spindle is inclined upwards or downwards relative to the horizontal plane from the side connected to the transverse transmission unit toward the front side of the grinding spindle. Specifically, a connecting block 26 is provided on the rear side of the spindle drive motor. The upper width of the connecting block 26 is greater than the lower width of the connecting block. The back of the connecting block 26 is mounted on the transverse transmission unit, so that the entire grinding spindle, including the spindle drive motor and the grinding disc, is inclined downwards relative to the horizontal plane from the side connected to the transverse transmission unit toward the front side of the grinding spindle; or, the upper width of the connecting block 26 is less than the lower width of the connecting block, so that the grinding spindle is inclined downwards relative to the horizontal plane from the side connected to the transverse transmission unit toward the front side of the grinding spindle.

[0033] Because the grinding head only grinds the ceramic workpiece with its front edge during the entire cutting process, the contact area between the grinding head and the product is small during the feed. This results in lower cutting resistance during the cutting process. Compared to a grinding spindle without tilting, the grinding head has a larger contact area with the product during transverse feed, effectively reducing wear. Combined with the cooling system releasing coolant to lower the tool temperature and the CNC module controlling the smooth movement of the grinding head, this helps extend the grinding head's service life and achieve cost savings in processing.

[0034] The main spindle drive motor is mounted on the second slider 42 of the transverse transmission part 4, and the output end of the main spindle drive motor is set downward.

[0035] Preferably, the output shaft of the spindle drive unit 22 is further provided with a guide member 23 for guiding coolant. The guide member 23 is screwed to the end of the output shaft of the spindle drive motor. The grinding disc 21 is screwed to the bottom of the guide member 23. The guide member 23 has a guide groove 24. The guide groove 24 and the grinding disc 21 are respectively provided with liquid passage holes 25 at the inner side of the blade. The liquid passage holes 25 on the guide groove 24 are in communication with the liquid passage holes 25 on the grinding disc 21. Preferably, an outer cover with a hollow internal structure and openings at both ends can be constructed on the grinding spindle. The upper end of the outer cover is connected to the body of the spindle drive motor. The output shaft of the spindle drive motor and the guide member are placed inside the outer cover. The blade part of the grinding disc is exposed at the lower opening of the outer cover. A connecting pipe is constructed on the outer cover. The liquid inlet end of the connecting pipe is connected to the liquid outlet pipe of the coolant storage area. The liquid outlet end of the connecting pipe extends into the guide groove.

[0036] Coolant flows from the reservoir into the guide channel through a connecting pipe. When the output end of the spindle drive motor rotates, the guide component and the grinding disc rotate synchronously. The coolant in the guide channel, under centrifugal force, passes through the liquid passage hole at the bottom of the guide component into the liquid passage hole in the disc. After being discharged from the liquid passage hole on the disc, the coolant is again driven by centrifugal force towards the cutting edge, thus cooling the edge. The structure and installation method of this cooling component reduce the possibility of the cooling pipe being thrown off due to the high-speed rotation of the output shaft.

[0037] Alternatively, a universal tube for guiding coolant can be constructed on the frame 1 at the corresponding position of the worktable 11 and / or on the body of the spindle drive unit 22. The inlet end of the universal tube is connected to the outlet pipe of the coolant storage area, and the grinding disc can be directly mounted on the output shaft of the spindle drive motor.

[0038] In this embodiment, a rotating assembly for driving the rotation of the worktable is also constructed on the frame, and the output shaft of the rotating assembly is connected to the worktable. Specifically, the rotating assembly includes a rotary motor and a reducer mounted on the rotary motor. Rotary bearings are provided at corresponding positions on the frame and the worktable. A rotating shaft is connected to the bottom surface of the worktable 11. The worktable is rotatably mounted on the frame via the rotating shaft and the rotating bearing. The output end of the reducer is connected to the rotating shaft. A ceramic workpiece is placed on the worktable 11, and then the rotary motor 12 and the reducer are turned on, causing the output ends of the rotary motor and the reducer to drive the worktable to rotate via the rotating shaft.

[0039] In this embodiment, the longitudinal transmission unit 3 includes a first servo motor 31, a first lead screw 32, and a first slider 33. The output end of the first servo motor 31 is connected to the first lead screw 32, and the first slider 33 is sleeved on the first lead screw 32. The first servo motor 31 drives the first lead screw 32 to rotate, thereby transmitting the first slider 33 to move longitudinally.

[0040] The transverse transmission unit 4 includes a base 41, a second slider 42, a second servo motor 43 and a second lead screw 44 mounted on the base 41. The second slider 42 is sleeved on the second lead screw 44. The base 41 is mounted on the first slider 33 of the longitudinal transmission unit 3. The connecting block on the spindle drive motor body of the grinding spindle 2 is connected to the second slider 42. The longitudinal movement of the first slider 33 of the longitudinal transmission unit 3 drives the transverse transmission unit 4 to move as a whole. When the second servo motor 43 drives the second lead screw 44 to rotate, the second slider 42 moves on the second lead screw 44, and the grinding spindle 2 mounted on the second slider moves synchronously, thereby realizing the transverse and longitudinal movement of the grinding spindle.

[0041] Preferably, the first lead screw 32 and the second lead screw 44 are ball screws, which makes the movement of the grinding spindle more efficient, precise and stable.

[0042] Furthermore, a first slide rail 13 is constructed on the frame 1 along the moving direction of the transverse transmission part 4, and a first sliding seat 14 is constructed on the transverse transmission part, the first sliding seat 14 being slidably mounted on the first slide rail 13.

[0043] and / or

[0044] A second slide rail 45 is constructed on the base 41 along the moving direction of the grinding spindle 2, and a second sliding seat 46 is constructed on the grinding spindle 2. The second sliding seat 46 is slidably mounted on the second slide rail 45, so that the movement of the grinding spindle is more stable.

[0045] Furthermore, the worktable 11 is provided with a clamping part 15 for fixing ceramic workpieces, the clamping part 15 being a negative pressure suction cup or a gripper.

[0046] A tool setter 16 is constructed on one side of the frame 1 to calibrate the size and relative coordinate position of the grinding head 21. The tool setter 16 is electrically connected to the CNC module. After the grinding head completes grinding the ceramic workpiece, the cutting edge of the grinding head contacts the tool setter. The tool setter feeds back the position of the grinding head in the entire frame's working coordinate system to the CNC module, which then adjusts the position of the grinding head to prevent wear on the head from affecting the product's machining accuracy. It should be noted that the structure of the tool setter, the signal transmission between the tool setter and the CNC module, and the CNC module's adjustment technology for the head position are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail in this invention.

[0047] The working principle of the grinding equipment is as follows:

[0048] The ceramic workpiece is fixed on the worktable 11 by a negative pressure suction cup. The rotary motor 12 is started to drive the worktable 11 to rotate around the rotating shaft. The operator can set the processing parameters such as the feed rate of the longitudinal transmission unit 3 and the transverse transmission unit 4 and the speed of the grinding spindle 2 on the touch screen of the CNC module. The grinding cutter 21 on the grinding spindle 2 starts to rotate. The longitudinal transmission unit 3 and the transverse transmission unit 4 move the grinding spindle 2 to the preset position. The grinding cutter 21 performs the first grinding on the bottom of the ceramic workpiece. After the first grinding is completed, the longitudinal transmission unit 3 and the transverse transmission unit 4 remove the grinding spindle 2 from the ceramic workpiece and repeat the movement method before the first grinding. At the same time, the longitudinal transmission unit moves the grinding cutter 2 to a lower height for the second grinding. The cycle is repeated until the processing of the workpiece is completed.

[0049] This processing method replaces the traditional manual grinding of ceramic workpieces on a grinding disc, significantly improving the dimensional accuracy and bottom flatness of the product. The basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A polishing apparatus for ceramics, comprising a frame, a worktable for placing a ceramic workpiece, a polishing spindle for polishing the ceramic workpiece, the worktable being rotatably mounted on the frame, characterized in that: The rack is also provided with a moving mechanism for moving the polishing spindle, which is composed of a longitudinal transmission part and a transverse transmission part. The longitudinal transmission part is assembled on the rack, and the transverse transmission part is assembled on the longitudinal transmission part and arranged perpendicularly to each other. The polishing spindle is assembled on the transverse transmission part. The transverse transmission part can push the polishing spindle to move laterally, and the longitudinal transmission part can push the transverse transmission part to move longitudinally, thereby driving the polishing spindle to move synchronously.

2. A polishing apparatus for ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polishing spindle comprises a spindle driving part, and a polishing cutter is connected to the output end of the spindle driving part. The polishing spindle is assembled on the transverse transmission part in an inclined manner. The polishing spindle is arranged to be inclined upward or downward relative to the horizontal plane from the side connected to the transverse transmission part to the front side of the polishing spindle.

3. A polishing apparatus for ceramics according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output shaft of the spindle driving part is also provided with a flow guide for guiding the cooling liquid. The polishing cutter is assembled at the bottom of the flow guide. The flow guide has a flow guide groove. The flow guide groove and the polishing cutter are respectively provided with liquid passing holes at the inner side of the blade. The liquid passing holes on the flow guide groove and the liquid passing holes on the polishing cutter are in communication. Alternatively, universal pipes for guiding the cooling liquid are arranged on the rack and the workbench and / or the machine body of the spindle driving part.

4. The polishing apparatus for ceramics according to claim 1, wherein: The rack is also provided with a rotating assembly for driving the workbench to rotate. The output shaft of the rotating assembly is connected to the workbench.

5. The apparatus for polishing ceramics according to claim 1, wherein: The longitudinal transmission part comprises a first servo motor, a first screw rod and a first sliding block. The output end of the first servo motor is connected to the first screw rod. The first sliding block is sleeved on the first screw rod. The first servo motor drives the first screw rod to rotate, thereby driving the first sliding block to move longitudinally.

6. The polishing apparatus for ceramics according to claim 2, wherein: The transverse transmission part comprises a base, a second sliding block, a second servo motor and a second screw rod mounted on the base. The second sliding block is sleeved on the second screw rod. The base is assembled on the first sliding block of the longitudinal transmission part. The polishing spindle is connected to the second sliding block.

7. A polishing apparatus for ceramics according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first sliding rail is arranged on the rack along the moving direction of the transverse transmission part. A first sliding seat is arranged on the transverse transmission part and slidably assembled on the first sliding rail. A second sliding rail is arranged on the base along the moving direction of the polishing spindle. A second sliding seat is arranged on the polishing spindle and slidably assembled on the second sliding rail. The workbench is provided with a clamping part for fixing the ceramic workpiece.

8. The apparatus for polishing ceramic according to claim 1, wherein: The rack is also provided with a numerical control module for controlling the movement and rotating speed of the polishing spindle. The numerical control module is electrically connected to the transverse transmission part, the longitudinal transmission part and the polishing spindle.

9. A grinding apparatus for ceramics according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: A tool setting device is arranged on one side of the rack for calibrating the size of the polishing cutter and the relative coordinate position of the cutter. The tool setting device is electrically connected to the numerical control module.

10. A polishing apparatus for ceramics according to claim 9, characterized in that: ​

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