Device for preparing synthesis gas by continuously gasifying pure oxygen

Abstract

The utility model relates to a device for preparing synthesis gas by continuously gasifying pure oxygen, which comprises a gasification furnace main body, a heat preservation type cyclone separator, a sensible heat recoverer, a dust filter and a coal gas cooler, a mixing tank for supplying gas to the gasification furnace main body is arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace main body, and a steam buffer tank communicated with the mixing tank is arranged above the mixing tank; an oxygen heater is arranged at the front end of the mixing tank, a recoverer steam pocket for supplying water to the sensible heat recoverer is arranged at the upper end of the sensible heat recoverer, an upper water jacket and a lower water jacket are arranged on the side wall of the gasification furnace main body, and an upper jacket steam pocket matched with the upper water jacket and a lower jacket steam pocket matched with the lower water jacket are arranged on the right side of the gasification furnace main body; the waste heat recovery device has the advantages that waste heat is efficiently recovered, moisture and impurities in synthesis gas are thoroughly removed, and the problems that a traditional gasification furnace is low in energy recovery efficiency and poor in gas purification effect are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to synthetic gas preparation device technical field, concretely is a kind of pure oxygen continuous gasification preparation synthetic gas device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the growth of energy demand and the improvement of environmental protection requirements, the traditional coal gasification technology cannot meet the needs of modern social sustainable development due to its low energy conversion efficiency, serious environmental pollution and other problems. Fixed bed low pressure pure oxygen gasification synthetic gas as a kind of more advanced coal gasification technology, in improving energy utilization and reducing pollution emissions, show obvious advantages. However, the existing fixed bed low pressure pure oxygen gasification device still has deficiencies in waste heat recovery, waste gas treatment and operation continuity.

[0003] Firstly, in the aspect of waste heat recovery, the energy recovery mode of traditional gasifier is single and low efficiency, and a large amount of high-temperature waste gas is directly discharged into the atmosphere, causing serious energy waste. Secondly, the water and impurities in the synthetic gas are not removed completely, which not only affects the stable operation of the subsequent process flow, but also may cause equipment damage or product quality decline. For example, the pure oxygen continuous gasification synthetic gas device disclosed in the authorized announcement CN219424363U separates the water vapor by a cyclone separator, which causes a large amount of heat waste of synthetic gas during the separation process. Therefore, a pure oxygen continuous gasification synthetic gas device is needed to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model aims at providing a kind of pure oxygen continuous gasification synthetic gas device, with the advantages of efficient waste heat recovery, completely remove the water and impurities in synthetic gas, solve the problem of low energy recovery efficiency of traditional gasifier and poor coal gas purification effect.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a kind of pure oxygen continuous gasification synthetic gas device, including gasifier main body, further including heat preservation type cyclone separator, sensible heat recovery device, dust filter and coal gas cooler;

[0006] The bottom of the gasifier main body is provided with a mixing tank for supplying gas, the upper part of the mixing tank is provided with a steam buffer tank connected therewith, the front end of the mixing tank is provided with an oxygen heater, the upper end of the sensible heat recovery device is provided with a recovery device steam drum for supplying water, the sidewall of the gasifier main body is provided with an upper water jacket and a lower water jacket, the right side of the gasifier main body is provided with an upper jacket steam drum matched with the upper water jacket and a lower jacket steam drum matched with the lower water jacket, and the side end face of the heat preservation type cyclone separator is provided with a vacuum heat preservation cavity for heat preservation.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the pure oxygen continuous gasification syngas production device of this utility model, the side end face of the heat-insulated cyclone separator is provided with an air inlet that communicates with the main body of the gasifier, the heat-insulated cyclone separator is provided with a reflector tube, the top of the reflector tube is provided with an air outlet that communicates with the dust filter, the bottom of the heat-insulated cyclone separator is provided with an ash discharge port, the outer end face of the reflector tube is provided with a first spiral blade, and the inner end face of the reflector tube is provided with a second spiral blade.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the pure oxygen continuous gasification syngas production device of this utility model, a filter plate is provided on the top of the inner end face of the reflector tube.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the pure oxygen continuous gasification syngas production device of this utility model, the sensible heat recovery unit is provided with a primary recovery heat pipe, a middle recovery heat pipe and a final recovery heat pipe.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the pure oxygen continuous gasification syngas production device of this utility model, both the insulated cyclone separator and the sensible heat recovery unit are equipped with a silo pump at their lower ends.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the pure oxygen continuous gasification syngas production device of this utility model, the bottom of the gasifier body is provided with an ash removal component, and the number of the ash removal components is four, with the four sets of ash removal components arranged in an equidistant circular array at the bottom of the gasifier body.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the pure oxygen continuous gasification syngas production device of this utility model, a circulating pump for supplying circulating water is provided below the gas cooler.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0014] 1. This utility model, by setting up an insulated cyclone separator and a three-stage sensible heat recovery unit, ensures that the high-temperature gas generated by the gasifier is kept at a high temperature in the insulated cyclone separator before entering the sensible heat recovery unit. Through multi-stage heat exchange, the heat is fully recovered and used to generate high-temperature steam. The steam is then circulated back to the gasifier as a gasifying agent through a steam buffer tank, forming a closed-loop thermal energy utilization system. This solves the problem of severe heat loss in traditional processes, significantly improves energy utilization efficiency, and reduces dependence on external steam, thus saving production costs.

[0015] 2. This utility model utilizes a reflective tube and double spiral blade design inside an insulated cyclone separator. Through impact reflection, centrifugal separation, and secondary centrifugal action, it effectively separates solid particles from coal gas. The filter plate at the top of the reflective tube further refines the particles, preventing blockage of the heat exchange pipes. The subsequent self-cleaning filter, combined with dry dust removal technology, uses filter bags to capture dust and cleans it with pulse backflushing, achieving efficient purification of coal gas. This structure solves the problems of excessive wastewater discharge and poor environmental performance in traditional wet dust removal processes, while improving the purity of coal gas and ensuring the safe and stable operation of subsequent equipment.

[0016] 3. The gasifier of this utility model is designed with four equidistant circular array ash discharge components at the bottom. Combined with the silo pump and the closed gas ash conveying system, it realizes continuous automatic discharge of ash and slag. The circular array structure improves the uniformity of ash discharge and avoids local dust accumulation. The insulated cyclone separator and the sensible heat recovery unit are both equipped with silo pumps at the bottom. Through material level control and program linkage, it is ensured that the ash and slag are delivered to the ash silo in a timely manner. This structure solves the drawback of the need to stop production to discharge ash in the traditional process, avoids the safety hazards of manual operation, greatly improves the continuity and stability of production, and reduces secondary pollution to the environment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the gasifier of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sensible heat recovery device mechanism of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cyclone dust collector of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gas cooler structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a top view of the ash removal component of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the cyclone dust collector of this utility model.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Gasifier body; 101. Furnace body; 102. Upper water jacket; 104. Lower water jacket; 105. Ash removal assembly; 2. Insulated cyclone separator; 201. Air inlet; 202. Vacuum insulation chamber; 203. Ash removal port; 204. Reflector tube; 2041. First spiral blade; 2042. Second spiral blade; 2043. Air outlet; 2044. Filter plate; 3. Sensible heat recovery unit; 301. Initial stage heat recovery pipe; 302. Middle stage heat recovery pipe; 303. Final stage heat recovery pipe; 4. Dust filter; 5. Gas cooler; 501. Spray head; 6. Steam buffer tank; 7. Mixing tank; 8. Upper jacket steam drum; 9. Lower jacket steam drum; 10. Oxygen heater; 11. Recovery unit steam drum; 12. Silo pump; 13. Circulation pump. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Please see Figures 1-3 A pure oxygen continuous gasification syngas production device includes a gasifier body 1, an insulated cyclone separator 2, a sensible heat recovery unit 3, a dust filter 4, and a gas cooler 5. The dust filter 4 is a self-cleaning dust collector, which mainly utilizes dry pollutant capture technology to remove most of the particulate dust and aerosols and other impurities entrained in the gas for separation and recovery, thereby purifying the gas. Then, the gas is washed and cooled through a closed water circulation system to further purify it, reducing the generation of wastewater, waste gas, and waste residue, thus playing a role in protecting the environment.

[0026] Dust filter 4 is a dry dust removal device designed using low-pressure long-bag pulse dust collector technology and combined with the characteristics of coal gas production. It uses filter bags to capture dust in the coal gas, purifying the coal gas through filtration. Pulse backflushing removes dust from the filter bags, controls the filtration resistance of the filter bags, and ensures that the filter bags have both maximum dust particle capture capacity and a certain coal gas flow capacity. The collected dust is then centrally processed. In terms of environmental protection, it significantly reduces pollution compared to the previous wet scrubbing dust removal process.

[0027] The gasifier body 1 has a furnace body 101 in the middle. A mixing tank 7 for supplying gas is set at the bottom of the gasifier body 1. A steam buffer tank 6 is set above the mixing tank 7 and connected to it. An oxygen heater 10 is set at the front end of the mixing tank 7. An oxygen preheater is added in front of the mixing tank 7. Since the oxygen supplied from the cryogenic air separation oxygen production system is at room temperature, the oxygen is used as a gasifying agent to react with coal in the gasifier. The reaction temperature is greater than 1350℃, which will inevitably cause an endothermic process for the room temperature oxygen. Therefore, preheating before oxygen enters the gasifier is beneficial for coal gasification, stabilizes the furnace condition, and saves costs. The upper end of the sensible heat recovery unit 3 is provided with a recovery unit steam drum 11 for supplying water. The side wall of the gasifier body 1 is provided with an upper water jacket 102 and a lower water jacket 104. The right side of the gasifier body 1 is provided with an upper jacket steam drum 8 that cooperates with the upper water jacket 102 and a lower jacket steam drum 9 that cooperates with the lower water jacket 104. The side end face of the heat-insulating cyclone separator 2 is provided with a vacuum heat-insulating cavity 202 for heat preservation.

[0028] The coal gas generated by the gasifier body 1 enters the heat-insulating cyclone separator 2 and undergoes two-stage separation to keep the high-temperature syngas at a high temperature before entering the sensible heat recovery unit 3. The heat is fully recovered through three heat exchanges in the sensible heat recovery unit 3, generating high-temperature steam. The steam enters the steam buffer tank 6 through the steam drum 11 of the recovery unit, and then mixes with oxygen in the mixer before entering the gasifier body 1 to feed it. The cooled syngas passes through the dust filter 4 to remove most of the particulate dust and aerosols and other impurities carried in the coal gas, and is separated and recovered. At the same time, the coal gas is purified and then enters the coal gas cooler 5 for washing and cooling.

[0029] Furthermore, the side end face of the insulated cyclone separator 2 is provided with an air inlet 201 that communicates with the gasifier body 1. The insulated cyclone separator 2 is provided with a reflector tube 204. The top of the reflector tube 204 is provided with an air outlet 2043 that communicates with the dust filter 4. The bottom of the insulated cyclone separator 2 is provided with an ash discharge port 203. The outer end face of the reflector tube 204 is provided with a first spiral blade 2041, and the inner end face of the reflector tube 204 is provided with a second spiral blade 2042.

[0030] When the syngas mixed with dust enters the insulated cyclone separator 2, it first impacts the reflector tube 204. A large number of dust particles flow downwards to the ash discharge port 203 under the action of gravity. Then, the airflow spirals downwards under the action of the first spiral blade 2041, causing the solid particles in the airflow to be thrown to the inner end face of the insulated cyclone separator 2 under the action of centrifugal force. Then, it flows upwards from the bottom of the reflector tube 204. Due to the narrowing of the diameter, the flow velocity increases. When it passes through the second spiral blade 2042, it undergoes secondary centrifugation, thereby further improving the separation effect.

[0031] Furthermore, a filter plate 2044 is provided on the top of the inner end face of the reflector tube 204.

[0032] The filter plate 2044 further filters and traps dust in the gas, while also filtering out impurities, improving the purity of the supplied gas, preventing impurities from clogging the heat exchanger pipes, and extending the service life of the equipment and product quality.

[0033] Furthermore, the sensible heat recovery unit 3 is equipped with a primary heat recovery pipe 301, a middle heat recovery pipe 302, and a final heat recovery pipe 303.

[0034] Heat is fully recovered through three heat exchanges in the sensible heat recovery unit 3. The steam in the heat exchanger drum eventually flows to the steam buffer tank 6 for production in the gasification furnace body 1, further improving the heat recovery utilization rate.

[0035] Furthermore, both the insulated cyclone separator 2 and the sensible heat recovery unit 3 are equipped with a silo pump 12 at their lower ends.

[0036] Dust is discharged into the silo pump 12 through the feed valve. When the high material level alarm is triggered in the silo pump 12, the ash conveying program is automatically started. The ash conveying gas source is CO2 gas, which is sent to the ash silo under the action of CO2 gas flow.

[0037] Furthermore, the bottom of the gasifier body 1 is provided with an ash removal component 105. There are four ash removal components 105, and the four sets of ash removal components 105 are arranged in an equidistant circular array at the bottom of the gasifier body 1.

[0038] The gasifier body 1 has four ash discharge ports 203, which is conducive to stable ash discharge from the gasifier body 1. The ash discharge component 105 discharges ash continuously without stopping production, ensuring stable production.

[0039] Furthermore, a circulating pump 13 for circulating water supply is provided below the gas cooler 5, and spray heads 501 that cooperate with the circulating pump 13 are evenly arranged inside the main body of the gas cooler 5.

[0040] When starting up for the first time, intercooled circulating water is added. The condensate at the bottom of the gas cooler 5 is pressurized by the circulating pump 13. Part of it enters the condensate filter installed on the pipeline to filter out the fine dust washed down during the spraying process. The other part is sent to the synthesis workshop for heat exchange. The cooled condensate is then returned to the gas cooler 5 and sprayed down from the top of the gas cooler 5 to wash and cool the gas. At the same time, it condenses and absorbs the water vapor in the gas and collects at the bottom of the gas cooler 5 for reuse. The liquid level in the gas cooler 5 is automatically adjusted by the control valve according to the set parameters. Since the water vapor contained in the gas is continuously condensed, when the liquid level exceeds the standard, the outlet discharge self-regulating valve opens to discharge the excess condensate into the incremental water treatment system.

[0041] In operation, the device begins with a mixing tank 7 at the bottom of the gasifier body 1, which supplies gas to the gasifier. A steam buffer tank 6 is connected above the mixing tank 7. An oxygen heater 10 is installed at the front end of the mixing tank 7 to preheat the oxygen before it enters the gasifier, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of coal gasification. The gas generated by the gasifier body 1 first enters the insulated cyclone separator 2. The design of the reflector tube 204 separates the dust in the gas flow under centrifugal force and discharges it through the ash discharge port 203. Then, the high-temperature syngas enters the sensible heat recovery unit 3 while maintaining a high temperature. Through three heat exchange processes, heat is fully recovered to generate high-temperature steam, which is stored in the steam drum 11 of the recovery unit. Subsequently, the steam flows into the steam buffer tank 6 and mixes with the oxygen before re-entering the gasifier body 1 to participate in the reaction.

[0042] After initial purification, the gas passes through a dust filter 4 to further remove particulate dust and aerosols. The dust filter 4 uses self-cleaning dust collector technology, capturing dust with filter bags and removing dust from the filter bags using pulse backflushing cleaning technology, ensuring the gas flow capacity and purification effect. After this step, the gas enters the gas cooler 5 for washing and cooling. Cooling water is supplied by a circulating pump 13 to cool the gas and condense and absorb water vapor in the gas. Part of the condensate is filtered and recycled, while the other part is sent to the synthesis workshop for heat exchange. The liquid level in the gas cooler 5 is automatically adjusted by a control valve according to set parameters. When the liquid level exceeds the standard, the excess condensate will be discharged into the incremental water treatment system.

[0043] Throughout the process, silo pumps 12 are installed below the insulated cyclone separator 2 and the sensible heat recovery unit 3 to collect dust. When the silo pump 12 reaches the high material level, the ash conveying program is started, using CO2 as the ash conveying gas source to send the dust to the ash silo. In addition, the bottom of the gasifier body 1 is designed with four equidistant circular arrays of ash discharge components 105 to ensure continuous and stable ash discharge without the need for shutdown maintenance. This not only improves production efficiency but also reduces the generation of wastewater, waste gas, and waste residue, thus achieving the goal of environmental protection.

[0044] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A plant for the production of synthesis gas by pure oxygen continuous gasification, comprising a gasifier body (1), characterized in that: It also comprises a heat preservation cyclone separator (2), a sensible heat recovery device (3), a dust filter (4) and a coal gas cooler (5); The bottom of the gasification furnace body (1) is provided with a mixing tank (7) for supplying gas, the upper part of the mixing tank (7) is provided with a steam buffer tank (6) connected therewith, the front end of the mixing tank (7) is provided with an oxygen heater (10), the upper end of the sensible heat recovery device (3) is provided with a recovery steam drum (11) for supplying water, the side wall of the gasification furnace body (1) is provided with an upper water jacket (102) and a lower water jacket (104), the right side of the gasification furnace body (1) is provided with an upper jacket steam drum (8) matched with the upper water jacket (102) and a lower jacket steam drum (9) matched with the lower water jacket (104), and the side end face of the heat preservation cyclone separator (2) is provided with a vacuum heat preservation cavity (202) for heat preservation.

2. A pure oxygen continuous gasification plant for the production of synthesis gas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The side end face of the heat preservation cyclone separator (2) is provided with an air inlet (201) penetrating the gasification furnace body (1), the heat preservation cyclone separator (2) is provided with a reflection tube (204), the top of the reflection tube (204) is provided with an air outlet (2043) penetrating the dust filter (4), the bottom of the heat preservation cyclone separator (2) is provided with a dust discharge port (203), the outer end face of the reflection tube (204) is provided with a first spiral blade (2041), and the inner end face of the reflection tube (204) is provided with a second spiral blade (2042).

3. A pure oxygen continuous gasification plant for the production of synthesis gas as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The inner end face of the reflection tube (204) is provided with a filter plate (2044) at the top.

4. The pure oxygen continuous gasification plant for producing synthesis gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The sensible heat recovery device (3) is provided with an initial stage recovery heat pipe (301), a middle stage recovery heat pipe (302) and a final stage recovery heat pipe (303).

5. The pure oxygen continuous gasification plant for producing synthesis gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The lower ends of the heat preservation cyclone separator (2) and the sensible heat recovery device (3) are provided with a warehouse pump (12).

6. The pure oxygen continuous gasification plant for producing synthesis gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the gasification furnace body (1) is provided with a dust discharge assembly (105), the number of the dust discharge assembly (105) is four, and four groups of the dust discharge assembly (105) are arranged equidistantly and circumferentially at the bottom of the gasification furnace body (1).

7. The pure oxygen continuous gasification plant for producing synthesis gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The lower part of the coal gas cooler (5) is provided with a circulating pump (13) for circulating water supply.

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