Electrical prospecting digital electrical logging instrument based on capacitance method

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of digital electrical logging instruments, and discloses an electrical prospecting digital electrical logging instrument based on a capacitance method, which comprises an electrical logging instrument host and an electrical logging base station arranged on the outer side of the electrical logging instrument host, and a magnetic electrode is arranged on the outer side of the electrical logging base station. According to the utility model, in the collection of electrical prospecting data, electrical equipment comprises a YBD11 network parallel electrical prospecting instrument, a YBT32 audio scenograph and a YBT96 mining AC / DC parallel electrical prospecting instrument. The electrical methods cover an electrical method field wiring diagram commonly used by electrical method advanced detection, electrical method top and bottom plate detection and working face electrical perspective; according to analysis from the perspective of circuit theory, the change of the voltage and the distance is inevitably related to at least one of the heat effect, the magnetic effect and the electric field effect, and at the moment, people only need to research three effect curve characteristics and actually measured curve characteristics of the circuit and analyze which effect curve in the three effect curve characteristics most conforms to the actually measured curve characteristics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of digital electrical measuring instrument technology, specifically a digital electrical measuring instrument for electrical exploration based on the capacitance method. Background Technology

[0002] As many coal mines approach the end of their service life and mining depths increase, these mines, now in their mid-to-late stages, face various water hazards, including water from old workings, floor limestone water, and confined roof water. Coal mine safety has become a pressing issue. Existing geophysical exploration methods for geological structures include seismic, transient electromagnetic, and direct current methods. Seismic exploration is mainly used for detecting forward and concealed geological structures. Due to limitations imposed by the underground environment and coal mine safety and explosion prevention measures, hammer impact is commonly used as the seismic source, and the detection distance is generally less than 60 meters. Transient electromagnetic methods are mainly used for detecting water-rich areas. The equipment is relatively flexible, easy to use, and has high construction efficiency. It can perform omnidirectional detection within limited roadway space. However, due to limitations imposed by coal mine safety and explosion prevention measures, the maximum detection distance is no more than 150 meters, and the detection blind zone is generally less than 20 meters. Direct current electromagnetic methods are widely used in underground mining and tunnel engineering. This technology combines the advantages of seismic and transient electromagnetic methods, and can detect both geological structures and water-bearing properties. As long as the tunnel length meets the requirements, the detection distance can be increased by adding the length of the measuring line through repeaters, thereby increasing the detection length or vertical depth. However, in specific engineering applications, there are problems such as theoretical model formulas failing to fit the measured curves and multiple solutions in the detection results.

[0003] Currently, the main geophysical results from electrical resistivity methods primarily rely on apparent resistivity parameters as a reference in the report, while induced polarization and spontaneous potential methods are only used as supplementary or research content. Furthermore, these parameters are acquired using the same equipment to measure the relationship between voltage and distance, and their spatial distribution is only derived using different parameter models. In actual result verification, most parameters do not accurately correspond to the spatial distribution of geological structures. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a digital electrical measuring instrument for electrical exploration based on the capacitance method, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a digital electrical resistivity meter for electrical exploration based on the capacitance method, comprising an electrical resistivity meter main unit, and further comprising:

[0006] An electrical resistivity base station is located outside the main body of the electrical resistivity instrument. A magnetic electrode is located outside the electrical resistivity base station. A plug-in clip is located outside the magnetic electrode. An amplification electrode is located outside the plug-in clip. An amplification line is located outside the magnetic electrode. The main body of the electrical resistivity instrument, the electrical resistivity base station, the magnetic electrode and the plug-in clip are all electrically connected through ABN lines.

[0007] Preferably, the main unit of the electrical resistivity meter is powered by two battery packs, both with a nominal voltage of DC11V.

[0008] Preferably, the electrical base station is powered by a battery pack with a nominal voltage of DC11V.

[0009] Preferably, the input impedance of the electrical resistivity base station is >20MΩ; the input gain range of the electrical resistivity base station is 2... -3 ~2 7 Adjustable and fully automatic.

[0010] Preferably, the magnetic electrode is a dual-mode electrode.

[0011] Preferably, the constant current time of the main unit of the electrical resistivity meter is: 10ms, 100ms, 200ms, 500ms, 1s, 2s, 6s, 10s; and the sampling interval is: 1ms, 2ms, 5ms, 10ms, 20ms, 50ms, 100ms, 200ms, 500ms.

[0012] Preferably, the operating temperature range of the main unit of the electrical resistivity meter is -10℃ to 60℃, 95%RH.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0014] This utility model summarizes electrical exploration data, including the YBD11 network parallel electrical resistivity tomography instrument, the YBT32 audio transilluminator, and the YBT96 mine AC / DC parallel electrical resistivity tomography instrument. These electrical resistivity methods cover commonly used field wiring diagrams for electrical resistivity advanced detection, electrical resistivity tomography of the roof and floor, and electrical transillumination of the working face. From the perspective of circuit theory, this change in voltage and distance must be related to at least one of the thermal, magnetic, and electric field effects. At this point, we only need to study the characteristics of the three effect curves and the measured curve characteristics of the circuit, and analyze which effect curve best matches the measured curve characteristics. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the digital electrical measuring instrument for electrical exploration based on the capacitance method provided by this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the on-site setup for the YBD11 parallel electrical resistivity tomography instrument.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the on-site layout for bottom slab depth measurement.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the on-site setup for the three-dimensional DC resistivity method;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the layout for audio spectral survey lines.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the layout for audio spectral survey lines.

[0021] Figure 7 A simplified circuit diagram—an RC circuit model.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Electrical resistivity instrument main unit; 2. Electrical resistivity base station; 3. Magnetic electrode; 4. Plug-in clip; 5. Discharge electrode; 6. Amplification line; 7. ABN line. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Please see Figure 1-7 As shown, a digital electrical resistivity meter for electrical exploration based on capacitance method includes an electrical resistivity meter main unit 1, and also includes an electrical resistivity base station 2 disposed outside the electrical resistivity meter main unit 1. A magnetic electrode 3 is disposed outside the electrical resistivity base station 2, a plug-in clip 4 is disposed outside the magnetic electrode 3, an amplification electrode 5 is disposed outside the plug-in clip 4, and an amplification line 6 is disposed outside the magnetic electrode 3. The electrical resistivity meter main unit 1, the electrical resistivity base station 2, the magnetic electrode 3, and the plug-in clip 4 are all electrically connected through an ABN line 7.

[0025] The main unit 1 of the electrical resistivity meter is powered by two battery packs, both with a nominal voltage of DC11V. The constant current time of the main unit 1 is: 10ms, 100ms, 200ms, 500ms, 1s, 2s, 6s, 10s; the sampling interval is: 1ms, 2ms, 5ms, 10ms, 20ms, 50ms, 100ms, 200ms, 500ms; the operating temperature range of the main unit 1 is: -10℃~60℃, 95%RH.

[0026] The electrical resistivity base station 2 is powered by a battery pack with a nominal voltage of DC 11V; the input impedance of the electrical resistivity base station 2 is >20MΩ; the input gain range of the electrical resistivity base station 2 is 2. -3 ~2 7 Adjustable and fully automatic.

[0027] Magnetic electrode 3 is a dual-mode electrode.

[0028] Working Principle: YBD11 Parallel Electrical Resistivity Instrument (ORI) Advanced Detection Setup: The measuring lines are laid out within a range of 0–130m backward from the face of the tunnel (for DC ORI detection, the straight length of the roadway in the construction area must not be less than the length of the measuring line). The measuring lines are laid out in a straight line, with a total of 32 electrodes and an electrode spacing of 4m. After the electrodes are laid out, their coupling is tested, and data is collected after the test is completed. The N electrode is generally located between electrodes #24 and #25. The measuring line layout is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, some data uses other schemes employing 24 electrodes with a 5.5m electrode spacing. When measuring depth, the length of the measuring line should be calculated based on the detection depth, derived from basic formulas and the geological conditions of the Huainan mining area. The detection depth H can be referenced as H = AO / 3. The design for each station is 8–64 electrodes. After the starting point of the measuring line is located, the electrodes are laid out in a straight line along the roadway, extending to infinity and forming a straight line with the measuring line. The measuring line layout is as follows: Figure 2 As shown; when conducting three-dimensional electrical resistivity tomography (EDT) at the working face, the survey lines are laid out in one roadway, and the infinite pole B is placed in another roadway. The survey lines within the roadways are divided into stations 1 to N, with each station corresponding to 8 to 64 acquisition electrodes. The overlap between adjacent stations is greater than 1 / 3 of the survey line length. The electrode spacing is 5.5m or 10m, and the detection depth is calculated using the method for measuring the depth of the roof and floor. The survey line layout is as follows. Figure 3 As shown; the YBT32 audio transilluminator was used for detection, conducted between the two roadways of the coal face. Generally, one measuring point was established every 10 meters, and one power supply (transmitter) point every 50 meters. For each power supply (transmitter) point, observations were made at 11-32 symmetrical fan-shaped points (receivers) in another roadway. Figure 5 As shown, a parallel AC / DC electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) instrument is used for detection. First, the starting points for detection in two tunnels are determined. Then, electrical resistivity survey lines are laid out along the tunnels. A single survey line can have 32, 64, or 96 electrodes depending on the system configuration, and is designated as one station survey line. One tunnel is designated as the transmitting end, and the other as the receiving end. The transmitting end survey line scans point by point from electrode 1 to the last electrode. When one electrode of the transmitting end is powered, the receiving end survey line electrodes simultaneously measure the potential changes of the natural electric field, primary field, and secondary field at each point. After data acquisition is complete, the transmitting and receiving ends switch tunnels and collect data again. After one station of data acquisition is completed, the survey line moves to the next station for data acquisition, and so on until the detection task is completed. The survey line layout is as follows. Figure 6As shown; the electrical exploration data includes the YBD11 network parallel electrical resistivity tomography instrument, the YBT32 audio transilluminator, and the YBT96 mine AC / DC parallel electrical transilluminator. These electrical methods cover electrical advanced detection, electrical roof and floor detection, and commonly used electrical field wiring diagrams for working face electrical transillumination. The main difference in the wiring methods lies in the location of infinity; some are in the same roadway, while others are in different roadways. This results in situations where the measuring circuit MN and the AB power supply circuit are in the same roadway, while others are not. These wiring methods seem bewildering. If we start from the point charge theory and extend to different inversion methods such as two-pole, three-pole, four-pole, and dipole, it seems acceptable, but the inversion results are not entirely satisfactory. However, a careful analysis of the above-mentioned field wiring reveals that all the measurement circuits MN are within the power supply circuit AB. That is, AB supplies power to a certain object, and the changing MN circuit measures the potential distribution of the surface between AB and a certain point (point N). If the changing MN circuit becomes a fixed MN circuit, the above wiring methods, from a circuit theory perspective, are simply RC and RLC circuits. From a circuit theory perspective, any object under test exhibits the following power supply excitation effects: thermal effect, magnetic effect, and electric field effect. These three effects can be represented by physical parameters such as resistance, capacitance, and inductance. Therefore, we can visually represent the above wiring methods using a circuit diagram, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown, since the measuring circuit MN is constantly changing, the length and shape of the object being measured between MN are also changing. Assuming the object is homogeneous, the three physical quantities of the object between MN, which are constantly changing in a regular manner, also change in a regular manner. From the perspective of circuit theory, this change in voltage and distance must be related to at least one of the thermal, magnetic, and electric field effects. At this point, we only need to study the characteristics of the three effect curves of the circuit and the measured curve characteristics, and analyze which effect curve best matches the measured curve characteristics.

[0029] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A digital electrical measuring instrument for electrical prospecting based on the capacitive method, comprising an electrical instrument host (1), characterized in that, Also include: The electrical method base station (2) is arranged outside the electrical method host (1), the outer side of the electrical method base station (2) is provided with magnetic electrode (3), the outer side of the magnetic electrode (3) is provided with plug-in clamp (4), the outer side of the plug-in clamp (4) is provided with discharge electrode (5), the outer side of the magnetic electrode (3) is provided with amplification line (6), the electrical method host (1), electrical method base station (2), magnetic electrode (3) and plug-in clamp (4) are electrically connected through ABN line (7).

2. The digital electrical measuring instrument based on the capacitive method of claim 1, wherein: The electrical method host (1) is powered by two groups of batteries, and the nominal voltage is DC 11V.

3. The digital electrical measuring instrument based on the capacitive method of claim 1, wherein: The electrical method base station (2) is powered by a group of batteries, and the nominal voltage is DC 11V.

4. The digital electrical measuring instrument based on the capacitive method of claim 1, wherein: The input impedance of the said electro-technical base station (2): > 20 MΩ; the input gain range of the said electro-technical base station (2): 2 -3 ~ 2 7 Adjustable, fully automatic.

5. The digital electrical measuring instrument based on the capacitive method of claim 1, wherein: The magnetic electrode (3) is a dual-mode electrode.

6. The digital electrical measuring instrument based on the capacitive method of claim 1, wherein: The constant current time of the electrical method host (1) is: 10ms, 100ms, 200ms, 500ms, 1s, 2s, 6s, 10s; the sampling interval is: 1ms, 2ms, 5ms, 10ms, 20ms, 50ms, 100ms, 200ms, 500ms.

7. The digital electrical measuring instrument based on the capacitive method of claim 1, wherein: The working temperature range of the electrical method host (1) is: -10℃~60℃, 95%RH.

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