Power supply system of battery management module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a power supply system of a battery management module, which is characterized in that each power supply input end of a power supply switching module is respectively connected with the output positive end of each single battery in a battery pack and the second end of a protection switch module, and one power supply input end of the power supply switching module can be conducted according to a preset rule; and the voltage based on the conducted power supply input end is used for supplying power to the battery management module. Visibly, the power supply switching module has different power supply input ends for supplying power to the battery management module, so that power supply switching can be performed on the battery management module according to a preset rule, and even if any one power supply input end is disconnected with an input circuit due to collision or pseudo soldering, the power supply can be switched to the battery management module. If the protection switch module is switched off, the power supply switching module can also supply power to the battery management module through the charger when the second end of the protection switch module is connected with the charger, and uninterrupted power supply to the battery management module is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power supply control, and in particular to a power supply system for a battery management module. Background Technology

[0002] The battery management module is a chip used to collect battery information such as voltage, current, and temperature of the battery pack, calculate the battery pack's capacity and assess its health status based on this information, and protect the battery pack in case of abnormal conditions. These abnormal conditions include the battery pack's voltage being outside the preset voltage range, temperature being outside the preset temperature range, excessive charging current, and excessive amplification current. Therefore, to ensure the safety of the battery pack, a stable power supply to the battery management module is required to enable the module to monitor the battery pack's status in real time.

[0003] In existing technologies, the battery pack typically powers the battery management module, meaning the power supply terminal of the battery management module is directly connected to the positive output terminal of the battery pack. However, if the connection circuit between the positive output terminal of the battery pack and the power supply terminal of the battery management module is abnormally disconnected due to a collision or poor soldering, the battery management module will lose power and will be unable to collect battery information or monitor the status of the battery pack. If the battery pack malfunctions while supplying power to the load, the battery management module will be unable to protect the battery pack in time, which may lead to battery pack failure or even unpredictable losses. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a power supply system for a battery management module. The power switching module has different power input terminals that can supply power to the battery management module, thereby switching the power supply to the battery management module according to preset rules. Even if any power input terminal is disconnected from the input due to collision or poor soldering, it can switch to other power input terminals to conduct and supply power to the battery management module. If the protection switch module is turned off, the power switching module can also supply power to the battery management module through the charger when the second terminal of the protection switch module is connected, ensuring uninterrupted power supply to the battery management module.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a power supply system for a battery management module, including a power switching module and a protection switch module;

[0006] The first terminal of the protection switch module is connected to the positive output terminal of the battery pack, the second terminal is connected to the positive input terminal of the load or the positive output terminal of the charger, and the control terminal is connected to the control signal output terminal of the battery management module; the negative output terminal of the battery pack is connected to the negative input terminal of the load or the negative output terminal of the charger; each power input terminal of the power switching module is connected to the positive output terminal of each battery cell in the battery pack and the second terminal of the protection switch module; the output terminal of the power switching module is connected to the power supply terminal of the battery management module.

[0007] The power switching module is used to turn on one of its power input terminals according to a preset rule, so as to supply power to the battery management module based on the voltage of the turned-on power input terminal; when the battery management module detects an abnormality in the battery pack, it controls the protection switch module to turn off.

[0008] Preferably, the power switching module includes a power detection and switching module and a voltage modulation module;

[0009] Each power input terminal of the power detection and switching module is connected to the positive output terminal of each battery cell in the battery pack and the second terminal of the protection switch module, and its output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the voltage modulation module; the output terminal of the voltage modulation module is connected to the power supply terminal of the battery management module.

[0010] The power detection and switching module is used to compare the voltage of its various power input terminals and turn on the power input terminal with the highest voltage so as to transmit the voltage of the turned-on power input terminal to the voltage modulation module.

[0011] The voltage modulation module is used to modulate the voltage output by the power detection and switching module to a preset power supply voltage, and then supply power to the battery management module.

[0012] Preferably, the power detection and switching module includes a high-voltage power extraction unit and a power disconnection detection unit;

[0013] Each power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit is connected to the positive output terminal of each battery cell in the battery pack and the second terminal of the protection switch module, and its output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the voltage modulation module; each power input terminal of the power disconnection detection unit is connected to each power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit, and its output terminal is connected to the control terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit.

[0014] The power disconnection detection unit is used to compare the voltages of each power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit and control the power input terminal with the highest voltage in the high-voltage power extraction unit to be turned on, so that the high-voltage power extraction unit transmits the voltage of the turned-on power input terminal to the voltage modulation module.

[0015] Preferably, the high-voltage power extraction unit includes multiple switching switches;

[0016] The first terminal of each of the switching switches is connected to the positive output terminal of each battery cell in the battery pack and the second terminal of the protection switch module, respectively. The second terminal is connected to the input terminal of the voltage modulation module, and the control terminal is connected to the output terminal of the power disconnection detection unit.

[0017] The power disconnection detection unit is specifically used to compare the voltage of the first terminal of each of the switching switches and control the switching switch with the highest voltage at its first terminal to turn on, so that the turned-on switching switch transmits the voltage of its first terminal to the voltage modulation module.

[0018] Preferably, the power disconnection detection unit includes multiple voltage comparison units and a switching control unit;

[0019] Each voltage comparison unit has a first input terminal connected to a power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit, a second input terminal connected to a corresponding preset voltage threshold, and an output terminal connected to the switching signal input terminal of the switching control unit. The power detection terminal of the switching control unit is connected to a power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit, and its output terminal is connected to the control terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit. Each power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit corresponds to a preset voltage threshold.

[0020] The voltage comparison unit is used to turn on the power input terminal corresponding to itself in the high voltage power extraction unit, and output a power switching signal when the voltage of its first input terminal is less than the corresponding preset voltage threshold.

[0021] The switching control unit is used to compare the voltages of each power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit and control the power input terminal with the highest voltage in the high-voltage power extraction unit to be turned on; and when the power switching signal is received, it compares the voltages of each power input terminal that is not turned on in the high-voltage power extraction unit and controls the power input terminal with the highest voltage to be turned on.

[0022] Preferably, the voltage modulation module includes a first voltage modulation submodule and a second voltage modulation submodule;

[0023] The input terminal of the first voltage modulation submodule is connected to the output terminal of the power detection and switching module, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the second voltage modulation submodule; the output terminal of the second voltage modulation submodule is connected to the power supply terminal of the battery management module.

[0024] The first voltage modulation submodule is used to perform a first modulation process on the voltage output by the power detection and switching module and output an initial power supply voltage. The second voltage modulation submodule is used to perform a second modulation process on the initial power supply voltage and output the preset power supply voltage to power the battery management module.

[0025] Preferably, the voltage modulation module further includes a first voltage monitoring circuit and a second voltage monitoring circuit;

[0026] The input terminal of the first voltage monitoring circuit is connected to the output terminal of the first voltage modulation submodule; the input terminal of the second voltage monitoring circuit is connected to the output terminal of the second voltage modulation submodule.

[0027] The first voltage monitoring circuit is used to monitor the output voltage of the first voltage modulation submodule and to issue a first power supply abnormality prompt when the output voltage of the first voltage modulation submodule exceeds the initial power supply voltage range;

[0028] The second voltage monitoring circuit is used to monitor the output voltage of the second voltage modulation submodule and to issue a second power supply abnormality prompt when the output voltage of the second voltage modulation submodule exceeds the preset power supply voltage range.

[0029] Preferably, the voltage modulation module further includes a voltage stabilizing capacitor;

[0030] The first end of the voltage-stabilizing capacitor is connected to the input terminal of the first voltage modulation submodule, and the second end is grounded.

[0031] Preferably, the voltage modulation module further includes a reference voltage and current circuit;

[0032] The first output terminal of the reference voltage and current circuit is connected to the reference terminal of the first voltage modulation submodule, and the second output terminal is connected to the reference terminal of the second voltage modulation submodule.

[0033] The reference voltage and current circuit is used to provide a reference value for the initial power supply voltage to the first voltage modulation submodule, so that the first voltage modulation submodule performs a first modulation process on the voltage output by the high-voltage power extraction unit based on the reference value of the initial power supply voltage and outputs the initial power supply voltage; and to provide a reference value for the preset power supply voltage to the second voltage modulation submodule, so that the second voltage modulation submodule performs a second modulation process on the initial power supply voltage based on the reference value of the preset power supply voltage and outputs the preset power supply voltage.

[0034] Preferably, the protection switch module includes a first switch transistor and a second switch transistor;

[0035] The first terminal of the first switch is connected to the positive output terminal of the battery pack, and the second terminal is connected to the first terminal of the second switch. The second terminal of the second switch is connected to the positive input terminal of the load or the positive output terminal of the charger. The control terminals of the first and second switches are connected to the control signal output terminal of the battery management module. The second terminal of the first switch is connected to one power input terminal of the power switching module.

[0036] When the battery management module detects an abnormality in the battery pack, it controls the first switch and / or the second switch to turn off.

[0037] This application provides a power supply system for a battery management module. Each power input terminal of the power switching module is connected to the positive output terminal of each individual battery cell in the battery pack and the second terminal of the protection switch module. It can turn on one of its power input terminals according to a preset rule, supplying power to the battery management module based on the voltage of the turned-on power input terminal. Therefore, the power switching module has different power input terminals that can supply power to the battery management module, allowing for power switching according to preset rules. Even if any power input terminal is disconnected due to a collision or poor soldering, it can switch to another power input terminal to supply power to the battery management module. If the protection switch module is off, the power switching module can still supply power to the battery management module through the charger when the second terminal of the protection switch module is connected, ensuring uninterrupted power supply to the battery management module. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the power supply system for a battery management module provided by this utility model;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of a power supply system for a battery management module provided by this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The core of this utility model is to provide a power supply system for a battery management module. The power switching module has different power input terminals that can supply power to the battery management module, thereby switching the power supply to the battery management module according to preset rules. Even if any power input terminal is disconnected from the input due to collision or poor soldering, it can switch to other power input terminals to conduct and supply power to the battery management module. If the protection switch module is turned off, the power switching module can also supply power to the battery management module through the charger when the second terminal of the protection switch module is connected, ensuring uninterrupted power supply to the battery management module.

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the power supply system for a battery management module provided by this utility model, including a power switching module 1 and a protection switch module 2;

[0044] The first terminal of the protection switch module 2 is connected to the positive output terminal of the battery pack, the second terminal is connected to the positive input terminal of the load or the positive output terminal of the charger, and the control terminal is connected to the control signal output terminal of the battery management module; the negative output terminal of the battery pack is connected to the negative input terminal of the load or the negative output terminal of the charger; each power input terminal of the power switching module 1 is connected to the positive output terminal of each battery cell in the battery pack and the second terminal of the protection switch module 2; the output terminal of the power switching module 1 is connected to the power supply terminal of the battery management module.

[0045] The power switching module 1 is used to turn on one of its power input terminals according to preset rules, so as to supply power to the battery management module based on the voltage of the turned power input terminal; when the battery management module detects an abnormality in the battery pack, it controls the protection switch module 2 to turn off.

[0046] When a battery pack is supplying power to a load or charging via a charger, a battery management module needs to monitor its status. This includes collecting data on the battery pack's voltage, current, and temperature to determine if the voltage and temperature are within preset ranges, and whether the charging and amplification currents are excessive. The module also protects the battery pack in case of any abnormalities, preventing damage to both the battery pack and the load. Specifically, the battery management module converts the battery information into digital signals for storage and calculation. In existing technologies, the positive output terminal of the battery pack is typically connected directly to the power supply terminal of the battery management module, allowing the battery pack to directly power the module. However, if the connection between the battery pack and the battery management module is abnormally broken due to vibration or poor soldering, the battery pack cannot supply power to the module, thus preventing continuous monitoring of the battery status.

[0047] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the power supply system of the battery management module in this application includes a power switching module 1 and a protection switch module 2. The protection switch module 2 is connected between the positive output terminal of the battery pack and the positive input terminal of the load, or between the positive output terminal of the battery pack and the positive output terminal of the charger. When the battery management module detects an abnormality in the battery pack, it controls the protection switch module 2 to disconnect, thereby disconnecting the circuit between the battery pack and the load, or between the battery pack and the charger, to prevent damage to the battery pack, and thus protect the load and the charger. Furthermore, the power switching module 1 has multiple power input terminals, which are respectively connected to the positive output terminal of each battery cell in the battery pack and the second terminal of the protection switch module 2. Based on this, the power switching module 1 can not only draw power from the positive output terminal of the battery pack to power the battery management module (i.e., power the battery management module from all the series-connected battery cells in the battery pack), but also power the battery management module from a portion of the series-connected battery cells in the battery pack. For example, if the battery pack contains n battery cells, when the power input terminal of the power switching module 1 connected to the positive output terminal of the nth battery cell is turned on, the battery management module is powered by the n series-connected battery cells in the battery pack. When the power input terminal of the power switching module 1 connected to the positive output terminal of the (n-1)th battery cell is turned on, the battery management module is powered by the n series-connected battery cells. The battery management module is powered by the first to the (n-1)th battery cells connected in series in the battery pack. Similarly, when the power input terminal of the power switching module 1, which is connected to the positive output terminal of the first battery cell, is turned on, only the first battery cell in the battery pack powers the battery management module. Alternatively, when the power input terminal of the power switching module 1, which is connected to the second terminal of the protection switch module 2, is turned on, and the second terminal of the protection switch module 2 is connected to the positive output terminal of the charger, the power switching module 1 can draw power from the charger to power the battery management module. Based on this, even if one of the power input terminals of the power switching module 1 is abnormally disconnected, power can still be drawn from other power input terminals to power the battery management module, ensuring uninterrupted power supply to the battery management module and thus ensuring uninterrupted monitoring of the battery pack by the battery management module.

[0048] It should be noted that the preset rules can be to control the power input terminals to be turned on according to the preset order of the power input terminals, and when the turned-on power input terminal cannot draw power to supply power to the battery management module, switch to the next power input terminal in sequence, and so on; or the power input terminals can be switched on according to the voltage magnitude of each power input terminal, that is, according to the voltage magnitude of the positive output terminal of the battery cell connected to each power input terminal and the voltage magnitude of the second terminal of the protection switch module 2. Of course, this application does not limit this.

[0049] Figure 1In this context, pack+ is the port connected to the positive input terminal of the load or the positive output terminal of the charger, and pack- is the port connected to the negative input terminal of the load or the negative output terminal of the charger.

[0050] It should be noted that the battery management module and the power supply system of the battery management module in this application are both internal circuits of the battery management chip. The power supply system of the battery management module is responsible for controlling the power supply to the battery management module, and the battery management module is responsible for acquiring and monitoring the battery status.

[0051] In summary, the power switching module 1 in this application has different power input terminals that can supply power to the battery management module, thereby switching the power supply to the battery management module according to preset rules. Even if any power input terminal is disconnected from the input due to collision or poor soldering, it can switch to other power input terminals to supply power to the battery management module. If the protection switch module 2 is turned off, the power switching module 1 can also supply power to the battery management module through the charger when the second terminal of the protection switch module 2 is connected, ensuring uninterrupted power supply to the battery management module.

[0052] Based on the above embodiments:

[0053] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of a power supply system for a battery management module provided by this utility model.

[0054] Figure 2 In this diagram, BAT is the positive output terminal of the battery pack, VCC is the second terminal of the first switching transistor, PACK is the second terminal of the second switching transistor, VCELLn is the positive output terminal of the nth battery cell in the battery pack, VCELL1 is the positive output terminal of the first battery cell in the battery pack, HVCC is the output voltage of the high-voltage power supply unit, MVCC is the initial power supply voltage, and LVCC is the preset power supply voltage.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the power switching module 1 includes a power detection and switching module and a voltage modulation module;

[0056] Each power input terminal of the power detection and switching module is connected to the positive output terminal of each battery cell in the battery pack and the second terminal of the protection switch module 2, respectively. The output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the voltage modulation module. The output terminal of the voltage modulation module is connected to the power supply terminal of the battery management module.

[0057] The power detection and switching module compares the voltages of its various power input terminals and turns on the power input terminal with the highest voltage to transmit the voltage of the turned-on power input terminal to the voltage modulation module.

[0058] The voltage modulation module is used to modulate the voltage output by the power detection and switching module to a preset supply voltage to power the battery management module.

[0059] In this embodiment, the power switching module 1 includes a power detection and switching module and a voltage modulation module. The power detection and switching module detects the voltage of each of its own power input terminals and compares the voltages of each power input terminal. It selects the power input terminal with the highest voltage to conduct, thereby transmitting the voltage of the conducted power input terminal to the voltage modulation module. The voltage modulation module modulates the received voltage to a preset supply voltage to supply power to the battery management module.

[0060] Specifically, after detecting the voltage of each power input terminal, the power detection and switching module sorts the power input terminals according to their voltage. The power input terminal with the highest voltage is the first priority, the power input terminal with the second highest voltage is the second priority, and so on. First, the power input terminal with the first priority is turned on. If the power input terminal with the first priority is disconnected from the positive output terminal of the battery cell or from the second terminal of the protection switch module 2, then the voltage of each power input terminal of the power detection and switching module is detected and sorted again to re-determine the power input terminal with the first priority and turn it on.

[0061] It should be noted that regardless of which power input terminal of the power detection and switching module is turned on, the voltage modulation module can modulate the received voltage to the preset supply voltage, that is, to the preset supply voltage required by the battery management module. The preset supply voltage can be a precise voltage of 1.3V, 1.5V or 1.8V, and the preset supply voltage can fluctuate within 10% above or below 1.3V, 1.5V or 1.8V. This application does not limit this, and it can be set according to the needs of the battery management module.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, the power detection and switching module includes a high-voltage power extraction unit 111 and a power disconnection detection unit 112;

[0063] Each power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111 is connected to the positive output terminal of each battery cell in the battery pack and the second terminal of the protection switch module 2, and its output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the voltage modulation module; each power input terminal of the power disconnection detection unit 112 is connected to each power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111, and its output terminal is connected to the control terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111.

[0064] The power disconnection detection unit 112 is used to compare the voltages of each power input terminal of the high voltage power extraction unit 111 and control the power input terminal with the highest voltage in the high voltage power extraction unit 111 to be turned on, so that the high voltage power extraction unit 111 transmits the voltage of the turned-on power input terminal to the voltage modulation module.

[0065] In this embodiment, the power detection and switching module includes a high-voltage power extraction unit 111 and a power disconnection detection unit 112. Each power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111 is also a power input terminal of the power detection and switching module, which is connected to the positive output terminal of each battery cell in the battery pack and the second terminal of the protection switch module 2, respectively. The module draws power from the positive output terminal of each battery cell in the battery pack or from the second terminal of the protection switch module 2 through the conducting power input terminal and outputs the voltage modulation module. The power input terminals of the power disconnection detection unit 112 are connected to the power input terminals of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111. That is, the power input terminals of the power disconnection detection unit 112 are connected in parallel with the power input terminals of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111. For example, the first power input terminal of the power disconnection detection unit 112 is connected to the first power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111, the second power input terminal of the power disconnection detection unit 112 is connected to the second power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111, and so on. The power input terminals of the power disconnection detection unit 112 and the high-voltage power extraction unit 111 are connected in parallel. The components are connected one-to-one so that the power disconnection detection unit 112 can collect and detect the voltage of each power input terminal of the high voltage power taking unit 111. The power input terminals are sorted according to their voltage values, and the power input terminal with the highest voltage in the high voltage power taking unit 111 is turned on. This means that the high voltage power taking unit 111 draws power from the power output terminal with the highest voltage through the turned-on power input terminal to transmit power to the voltage modulation module to power the battery management module. The power output terminal includes the positive output terminal of each battery cell in the battery pack and the second terminal of the protection switch module 2.

[0066] It should be noted that by selecting the power input terminal with the highest voltage to be turned on, it can be ensured that the voltage transmitted to the voltage modulation module is large enough, thereby ensuring that the voltage modulation module can modulate the received voltage to the preset power supply voltage required by the battery management module.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, the high-voltage power extraction unit 111 includes a plurality of switching switches;

[0068] The first end of each switch is connected to the positive output terminal of each battery cell in the battery pack and the second end of the protection switch module 2, respectively. The second end is connected to the input terminal of the voltage modulation module, and the control terminal is connected to the output terminal of the power disconnection detection unit 112.

[0069] The power disconnection detection unit 112 is specifically used to compare the voltage of the first terminal of each switch and control the switch with the highest voltage at the first terminal to turn on, so that the turned-on switch transmits its own voltage at the first terminal to the voltage modulation module.

[0070] In this embodiment, the high-voltage power extraction unit 111 includes multiple switching switches. The first end of each switching switch serves as a power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111, and is connected to the positive output terminal of each battery cell in the battery pack and the second end of the protection switch module 2. The second ends of each switching switch are connected in parallel and then connected to the input terminal of the voltage modulation module. Specifically, the power disconnection detection unit 112 turns on the switching switch corresponding to the highest voltage power input terminal in the high-voltage power extraction unit 111, so that the voltage at the first end of the switching switch is transmitted to the voltage modulation module for voltage modulation.

[0071] Based on this, the power disconnection detection unit 112 can switch between different switching switches to supply power to the power management chip through different power output terminals.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, the power disconnection detection unit 112 includes multiple voltage comparison units and a switching control unit;

[0073] Each voltage comparison unit has its first input terminal connected to each power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111, its second input terminal connected to a corresponding preset voltage threshold, and its output terminal connected to the switching signal input terminal of the switching control unit. The power detection terminal of the switching control unit is connected to each power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111, and its output terminal is connected to the control terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111. Each power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111 corresponds to a preset voltage threshold.

[0074] The voltage comparison unit is used to output a power switching signal when the power input terminal corresponding to itself in the high voltage power extraction unit 111 is turned on and the voltage of its first input terminal is less than the corresponding preset voltage threshold.

[0075] The switching control unit is used to compare the voltages of each power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111 and control the power input terminal with the highest voltage in the high-voltage power extraction unit 111 to be turned on; and when a power switching signal is received, it compares the voltages of each power input terminal that is not turned on in the high-voltage power extraction unit 111 and controls the power input terminal with the highest voltage to be turned on.

[0076] In this embodiment, the power disconnection detection unit 112 includes multiple voltage comparison units and a switching control unit. The voltage comparison units are actually used to compare whether the voltage of each power output terminal is normal. That is, each power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111 corresponds to a preset voltage threshold. Different voltage comparison units compare the voltage of different power input terminals of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111 with the corresponding preset voltage threshold. If the voltage of the power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111 is less than the corresponding preset voltage threshold, it can be determined that the power input terminal is abnormal and cannot provide voltage, thus preventing the voltage modulation module from supplying power to the battery management module based on the voltage. For example, if the high-voltage power extraction unit 111 includes the first to the Mth power input terminals, then the power disconnection detection unit 112 includes the first to the Mth voltage comparison units. The first input terminal of each voltage comparison unit is connected to a power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111 in a one-to-one correspondence. For instance, the first input terminal of the first voltage comparison unit is connected to the first power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111, and the second input terminal of the first voltage comparison unit is connected to a preset voltage threshold corresponding to the first power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111. The first input terminal of the second voltage comparison unit is connected to the preset voltage threshold corresponding to the first power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111. Two power input terminals are connected. The second input terminal of the second voltage comparison unit is connected to the preset voltage threshold corresponding to the second power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111, and so on. After the power input terminal connected to its first input terminal is turned on, if the voltage of the first input terminal is less than the preset voltage threshold connected to the second input terminal, the voltage comparison unit outputs a power switching signal to indicate that the voltage of the currently turned-on power input terminal of the switching control unit is abnormal. The switching control unit then turns on the power input terminal with the highest voltage among the power input terminals that are not turned on in the high-voltage power extraction unit 111 to realize power switching.

[0077] It should be noted that the voltage comparison unit connected to the non-conducting power input terminal can compare the voltage between the first input terminal and the second input terminal, so that the switching control unit can determine the power input terminal in the high voltage power supply unit 111 that can normally draw power and select the power input terminal with the largest voltage to conduct.

[0078] Furthermore, for example, each power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111 corresponds to a preset voltage threshold. For instance, the preset voltage threshold corresponding to the power input terminal connected to the positive output terminal of the first battery cell in the battery pack is 1.5V, and the preset voltage threshold corresponding to the power input terminal connected to the positive output terminal of the first battery cell in the battery pack is 3V, and so on. The preset voltage threshold is set according to the voltage of different power output terminals connected to the power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111. This application does not limit this.

[0079] Furthermore, if a voltage comparison unit detects an abnormal voltage at the power input terminal of the high-voltage power extraction unit 111 connected to its first input terminal, it can also transmit a power switching signal to the alarm circuit so that the alarm circuit can sound an alarm, allowing staff to maintain the power supply system.

[0080] In a preferred embodiment, the voltage modulation module includes a first voltage modulation submodule 121 and a second voltage modulation submodule 122;

[0081] The input terminal of the first voltage modulation submodule 121 is connected to the output terminal of the power switching module 1, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the second voltage modulation submodule 122; the output terminal of the second voltage modulation submodule 122 is connected to the power supply terminal of the battery management module.

[0082] The first voltage modulation submodule 121 is used to perform a first modulation process on the voltage output by the high voltage power extraction unit 111 and output an initial power supply voltage. The second voltage modulation submodule 122 is used to perform a second modulation process on the initial power supply voltage and output a preset power supply voltage to power the battery management module.

[0083] In this embodiment, considering that the voltage at each power input terminal of the power detection and switching module may be relatively large, typically around 3V-100V, while the preset power supply voltage required by the battery management module is usually a precise small voltage of 1.3V-1.8V, if the voltage modulation module directly modulates the voltage at the power input terminal of the power detection and switching module to the preset power supply voltage, the precision requirements of the components in the voltage modulation module will be high, which will lead to higher cost and implementation difficulty for the voltage modulation module. To solve the above technical problems, this embodiment sets up a two-stage voltage modulation module, namely a first voltage modulation submodule 121 and a second voltage modulation submodule 122. The first voltage modulation submodule 121 first performs a first modulation process on the voltage output by the power detection and switching module and outputs a relatively coarse initial power supply voltage. Then, the second voltage modulation submodule 122 performs a second modulation process on the initial power supply voltage and outputs a more precise preset power supply voltage to power the battery management module. For example, if the power detection and switching module outputs a large voltage of 100V, then the first voltage modulation submodule 121 first performs a first modulation process on the received 100V large voltage and outputs a small voltage of 5V. Then, the second voltage modulation submodule 122 performs a second modulation process on the received 5V small voltage and outputs a precise preset power supply voltage of 1.5V.

[0084] Based on this, the device requirements for the first voltage modulation submodule 121 and the second voltage modulation submodule 122 are not high; they only need to be able to achieve simple voltage modulation, and the circuit implementation is also simpler.

[0085] In a preferred embodiment, the voltage modulation module further includes a first voltage monitoring circuit 123 and a second voltage monitoring circuit 124;

[0086] The input terminal of the first voltage monitoring circuit 123 is connected to the output terminal of the first voltage modulation submodule 121; the input terminal of the second voltage monitoring circuit 124 is connected to the output terminal of the second voltage modulation submodule 122.

[0087] The first voltage monitoring circuit 123 is used to monitor the output voltage of the first voltage modulation submodule 121, and to provide a first power supply abnormality prompt when the output voltage of the first voltage modulation submodule 121 exceeds the initial power supply voltage range;

[0088] The second voltage monitoring circuit 124 is used to monitor the output voltage of the second voltage modulation submodule 122, and to provide a second power supply abnormality prompt when the output voltage of the second voltage modulation submodule 122 exceeds the preset power supply voltage range.

[0089] In this embodiment, a first voltage monitoring circuit 123 is provided for the first voltage modulation submodule 121, and a second voltage monitoring circuit 124 is provided for the second voltage modulation submodule 122. The first voltage monitoring circuit 123 monitors the output voltage of the first voltage modulation submodule 121. If the output voltage of the first voltage modulation submodule 121 is within the initial power supply voltage range, it can be determined that the output voltage of the first voltage modulation submodule 121 is the initial power supply voltage, and the first voltage modulation submodule 121 is operating normally. However, if the output voltage of the first voltage modulation submodule 121 is not within the initial power supply voltage range, it can be determined that the output voltage of the first voltage modulation submodule 121 is not the initial power supply voltage, the first voltage modulation submodule 121 is operating abnormally, and a first power supply abnormality prompt is issued so that the staff can inspect and maintain the first voltage modulation submodule 121. The second voltage monitoring circuit 124 monitors the output voltage of the second voltage modulation submodule 122. If the output voltage of the second voltage modulation submodule 122 is within the preset power supply voltage range, it can be determined that the output voltage of the second voltage modulation submodule 122 is the preset power supply voltage and the working state of the second voltage modulation submodule 122 is normal. However, if the output voltage of the second voltage modulation submodule 122 is not within the preset power supply voltage range, it can be determined that the output voltage of the second voltage modulation submodule 122 is not the preset power supply voltage, the working state of the second voltage modulation submodule 122 is abnormal, and a second power supply abnormality prompt is issued so that the staff can check and maintain the second voltage modulation submodule 122.

[0090] Based on this, a stable and normal power supply to the battery management module can be guaranteed, avoiding damage or undervoltage caused by abnormal power supply voltage to the battery management module.

[0091] It should be noted that the initial power supply voltage range can be a range centered on the initial power supply voltage, fluctuating up or down by no more than a preset percentage. For example, if the initial power supply voltage is 5V, the initial power supply voltage range can be 5V±10%. The preset power supply voltage range can be a range centered on the preset power supply voltage, fluctuating up or down by no more than a preset percentage. For example, if the preset power supply voltage is 1.5V, the preset power supply voltage range can be 1.5V±10%.

[0092] In a preferred embodiment, the voltage modulation module further includes a voltage regulating capacitor C;

[0093] The first end of the voltage regulator capacitor C is connected to the input terminal of the first voltage modulation submodule 121, and the second end is grounded.

[0094] In this embodiment, a voltage-stabilizing capacitor C is also provided in the voltage modulation module. The voltage-stabilizing capacitor C is located at the input terminal of the first voltage modulation submodule 121. It can not only stabilize the voltage input to the first voltage modulation submodule 121, but also store electrical energy. If all power input terminals of the power detection and switching module are abnormal, or if the power detection and switching module cannot output voltage normally, the voltage-stabilizing capacitor C can also serve as a backup power supply to the first voltage modulation submodule 121, further ensuring uninterrupted power supply to the battery management module.

[0095] In a preferred embodiment, the voltage modulation module further includes a reference voltage and current circuit 125;

[0096] The first output terminal of the reference voltage and current circuit 125 is connected to the reference terminal of the first voltage modulation submodule 121, and the second output terminal is connected to the reference terminal of the second voltage modulation submodule 122.

[0097] The reference voltage and current circuit 125 is used to provide a reference value for the initial power supply voltage to the first voltage modulation submodule 121, so that the first voltage modulation submodule 121 performs a first modulation process on the voltage output by the high voltage power extraction unit 111 based on the reference value of the initial power supply voltage and outputs the initial power supply voltage; and provides a reference value for the preset power supply voltage to the second voltage modulation submodule 122, so that the second voltage modulation submodule 122 performs a second modulation process on the initial power supply voltage based on the reference value of the preset power supply voltage and outputs the preset power supply voltage.

[0098] The voltage modulation module in this embodiment also includes a reference voltage and current circuit 125. The reference voltage and current circuit 125 provides a precise reference value of the initial supply voltage to the first voltage modulation submodule 121 based on the initial supply voltage, such as a reference voltage or reference current corresponding to the initial supply voltage. This enables the first voltage modulation submodule 121 to perform a first modulation process based on the reference value of the initial supply voltage, thereby improving the stability of the output voltage of the first voltage modulation submodule 121. At the same time, the reference voltage and current circuit 125 also provides a precise reference value of the preset supply voltage to the second voltage modulation submodule 122 based on the preset supply voltage, such as a reference voltage or reference current corresponding to the preset supply voltage. This enables the second voltage modulation submodule 122 to perform a second modulation process based on the reference value of the preset supply voltage, thereby improving the stability of the output voltage of the second voltage modulation submodule 122.

[0099] In a preferred embodiment, the protection switch module 2 includes a first switch transistor and a second switch transistor;

[0100] The first terminal of the first switch is connected to the positive output terminal of the battery pack, and the second terminal is connected to the first terminal of the second switch. The second terminal of the second switch is connected to the positive input terminal of the load or the positive output terminal of the charger. The control terminals of the first and second switches are connected to the control signal output terminal of the battery management module. The second terminal of the first switch is connected to a power input terminal of the power switching module 1.

[0101] When the battery management module detects an abnormality in the battery pack, it controls the first switch and / or the second switch to turn off.

[0102] In this embodiment, a first switch and a second switch are provided in the protection switch module 2. The first and second switches are connected in series and connected to the positive output terminal of the battery pack. The second terminal of the second switch is the second terminal of the protection switch module 2. When the second terminal of the second switch is connected to the positive output terminal of the charger, the negative output terminal of the battery pack is connected to the negative output terminal of the charger, and both the first and second switches are turned on, the charger charges the battery pack. At this time, the power input terminal of the power switching module 1 connected to the second terminal of the first switch is turned on, and the charger not only charges the battery pack but also switches the power supply. Module 1 supplies power to the battery management module. At this time, the voltage at the power input terminal of the power switching module 1 is the voltage at the positive output terminal of the charger minus the voltage drop of the second switching transistor. Since the first and second switching transistors can actually be electronic components on the same PCB board as the battery management module, the wire connecting the second terminal of the first switching transistor to the power input terminal of the power switching module 1 is an onboard wire, which is not easily disconnected, thus ensuring stable power supply to the power switching module 1. However, it should be noted that since the first terminal of the first switching transistor is also connected to the positive output terminal of the battery pack, and the solder joint at this connection is prone to poor soldering, an abnormal disconnection of the circuit between the first switching transistor and the positive output terminal of the battery pack can occur. In this case, the power switching module 1 will still switch the power input terminal to ensure power supply to the battery management module. Furthermore, if an abnormal disconnection is detected between the first switching transistor and the positive output terminal of the battery pack, an alarm circuit will be activated to alert maintenance personnel. After the battery management module is operating stably, the power switching module 1 switches to connect the power input terminal connected to the positive output terminal of the battery pack, allowing the battery pack to directly supply power to the battery management module. If the power input terminal and the line connecting to the positive output terminal of the battery pack are abnormally disconnected, the power switching module 1 will not only switch the conducting power input terminal, such as switching to the power input terminal connected to other battery cells in the battery pack, or switching to the power input terminal connected to the second terminal of the first switching transistor, but also control the alarm circuit to sound an alarm. If the second terminal of the second switching transistor is disconnected from the charger but connected to the load, and the negative output terminal of the battery pack is connected to the negative input terminal of the load, then the power switching module 1 will switch between the power input terminals connected to the positive output terminals of each battery cell in the battery pack.

[0103] However, if the wiring of the positive output terminal of the battery pack is abnormally disconnected during the charging process of the charger, the power switching module 1 will switch between the power input terminal connected to the second terminal of the first switching transistor and the second terminal of the second switching transistor.

[0104] It should also be noted that when the battery management module detects an abnormality in the battery pack, it turns off the first and second switching transistors, thereby disconnecting the circuit between the battery pack and the charger or load, thus protecting the battery pack. At this time, the power switching module 1 switches between the power input terminals connected to the positive output terminals of each battery cell in the battery pack.

[0105] In addition, a fuse can be installed between the first terminal of the first switching transistor and the positive output terminal of the battery pack, and a fuse can also be connected in series at the second terminal of the second switching transistor. When the battery management module detects an abnormality in the battery pack, it controls the fuse to blow, thereby disconnecting the circuit between the battery pack and the charger or load.

[0106] The protection switch module 2 can also be located between the positive output terminal of the battery pack and the positive input terminal of the load or the positive output terminal of the charger; this application does not limit this.

[0107] The first and second switching transistors can be, but are not limited to, NMOS (N-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor). The first terminal of the first switching transistor is the source of the NMOS, the second terminal of the first switching transistor is the drain of the NMOS, and the control terminal of the first switching transistor is the gate of the NMOS. The first terminal of the second switching transistor is the drain of the NMOS, the second terminal of the second switching transistor is the source of the NMOS, and the control terminal of the second switching transistor is the gate of the NMOS.

[0108] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0109] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A power supply system for a battery management module, characterized by, The power supply switching module and the protection switch module are included; The first end of the protection switch module is connected with the output positive end of the battery pack, the second end is connected with the input positive end of the load or the output positive end of the charger, and the control end is connected with the control signal output end of the battery management module; the output negative end of the battery pack is connected with the input negative end of the load or the output negative end of the charger; each power input end of the power supply switching module is connected with the output positive end of each battery monomer in the battery pack and the second end of the protection switch module respectively; and the output end of the power supply switching module is connected with the power supply end of the battery management module. The power supply switching module is used for turning on one power input end of itself according to a preset rule, so as to supply power to the battery management module based on the voltage of the turned-on power input end; and the battery management module controls the protection switch module to be turned off when detecting that the battery pack appears an abnormality.

2. The power supply system of a battery management module according to claim 1, wherein, The power supply switching module includes a power detection switching module and a voltage modulation module; Each power input end of the power detection switching module is connected with the output positive end of each battery monomer in the battery pack and the second end of the protection switch module respectively, and the output end is connected with the input end of the voltage modulation module; and the output end of the voltage modulation module is connected with the power supply end of the battery management module. The power detection switching module is used for comparing the voltages of each power input end of itself, and turning on the power input end with the highest voltage, so as to transmit the voltage of the turned-on power input end to the voltage modulation module. The voltage modulation module is used for modulating the voltage output by the power detection switching module to a preset power supply voltage, and then supplying power to the battery management module.

3. The power supply system of a battery management module according to claim 2, wherein, The power detection switching module includes a high-voltage power taking unit and a power line break detection unit; Each power input end of the high-voltage power taking unit is connected with the output positive end of each battery monomer in the battery pack and the second end of the protection switch module respectively, and the output end is connected with the input end of the voltage modulation module; each power input end of the power line break detection unit is connected with each power input end of the high-voltage power taking unit respectively, and the output end is connected with the control end of the high-voltage power taking unit. The power line break detection unit is used for comparing the voltages of each power input end of the high-voltage power taking unit, and controlling the power input end with the highest voltage in the high-voltage power taking unit to be turned on, so as to make the high-voltage power taking unit transmit the voltage of the turned-on power input end to the voltage modulation module.

4. The power supply system of a battery management module according to claim 3, wherein, The high-voltage power taking unit includes a plurality of switching switches; The first end of each switching switch is connected with the output positive end of each battery monomer in the battery pack and the second end of the protection switch module respectively, the second end is connected with the input end of the voltage modulation module, and the control end is connected with the output end of the power line break detection unit; The power line break detection unit is specifically used for comparing the voltages of the first ends of each switching switch, and controlling the switching switch with the highest voltage in the first end of each switching switch to be turned on, so as to make the turned-on switching switch transmit the voltage of the first end of itself to the voltage modulation module.

5. The power supply system of the battery management module of claim 3, wherein, The power supply disconnection detection unit comprises a plurality of voltage comparison units and a switching control unit; The first input end of each voltage comparison unit is connected with each power input end of the high-voltage power taking unit, the second input end is connected with a corresponding preset voltage threshold, and the output end is connected with the switching signal input end of the switching control unit; the power supply detection end of the switching control unit is connected with each power input end of the high-voltage power taking unit, and the output end is connected with the control end of the high-voltage power taking unit; the power input end of the high-voltage power taking unit corresponds to one preset voltage threshold; The voltage comparison unit is used to output a power supply switching signal when the power input end corresponding to itself in the high-voltage power taking unit is turned on and the voltage of the first input end of itself is less than the corresponding preset voltage threshold; The switching control unit is used to compare the voltages of each power input end of the high-voltage power taking unit and control the power input end with the highest voltage in the high-voltage power taking unit to be turned on; And when the power supply switching signal is received, compare the voltages of each power input end in the high-voltage power taking unit that is not turned on, and control the power input end with the highest voltage to be turned on.

6. The power supply system of a battery management module according to claim 2, wherein, The voltage modulation module comprises a first voltage modulation submodule and a second voltage modulation submodule; The input end of the first voltage modulation submodule is connected with the output end of the power supply detection switching module, and the output end is connected with the input end of the second voltage modulation submodule; The output end of the second voltage modulation submodule is connected with the power supply end of the battery management module; The first voltage modulation submodule is used to perform first modulation processing on the voltage output by the power supply detection switching module and output an initial power supply voltage, and the second voltage modulation submodule is used to perform second modulation processing on the initial power supply voltage and output the preset power supply voltage to supply power to the battery management module.

7. The power supply system of a battery management module according to claim 6, wherein, The voltage modulation module further comprises a first voltage monitoring circuit and a second voltage monitoring circuit; The input end of the first voltage monitoring circuit is connected with the output end of the first voltage modulation submodule, and the input end of the second voltage monitoring circuit is connected with the output end of the second voltage modulation submodule; The first voltage monitoring circuit is used to monitor the output voltage of the first voltage modulation submodule and perform a first power supply abnormality prompt when the output voltage of the first voltage modulation submodule exceeds the initial power supply voltage range; The second voltage monitoring circuit is used to monitor the output voltage of the second voltage modulation submodule and perform a second power supply abnormality prompt when the output voltage of the second voltage modulation submodule exceeds the preset power supply voltage range.

8. The power supply system of a battery management module according to claim 6, wherein, The voltage modulation module further comprises a voltage stabilizing capacitor; The first end of the voltage stabilizing capacitor is connected with the input end of the first voltage modulation submodule, and the second end is grounded.

9. The power supply system of a battery management module according to claim 6, wherein, The voltage modulation module further comprises a reference voltage current circuit; The first output end of the reference voltage current circuit is connected with the reference end of the first voltage modulation submodule, and the second output end is connected with the reference end of the second voltage modulation submodule; The reference voltage and current circuit is configured to provide a reference value of the initial supply voltage for the first voltage modulation sub-module, so that the first voltage modulation sub-module performs first modulation processing on the voltage output by the power supply detection switching module based on the reference value of the initial supply voltage and outputs an initial supply voltage. The reference value of the preset supply voltage is provided for the second voltage modulation sub-module, so that the second voltage modulation sub-module performs second modulation processing on the initial supply voltage based on the reference value of the preset supply voltage and outputs the preset supply voltage.

10. The power supply system for a battery management module of any one of claims 1-9, wherein, The protection switch module comprises a first switch tube and a second switch tube. The first end of the first switch tube is connected with the output positive terminal of the battery pack, the second end is connected with the first end of the second switch tube, the second end of the second switch tube is connected with the input positive terminal of the load or the output positive terminal of the charger, the control end of the first switch tube and the control end of the second switch tube are connected with the control signal output end of the battery management module, and the second end of the first switch tube is connected with one power input end of the power supply switching module. The battery management module controls the first switch tube and / or the second switch tube to be turned off when detecting that the battery pack is abnormal.

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