Active supporting and grouting device for small-aperture anchor cable in tunnel

Abstract

The utility model provides an active supporting and grouting device for a small-aperture anchor cable in a tunnel. The active supporting and grouting device comprises an anchor cable and an anchorage device assembly arranged outside the anchor cable in a sleeving mode. A plurality of expansion joints are arranged at the end, away from the anchorage device assembly, of the anchor cable, and inner supporting rings are arranged in the expansion joints. The anchorage device assembly comprises an anchorage device, a supporting seat, a converging pipe and a grouting pipe; a limiting ring is arranged on the periphery of one end of a base of the anchorage device. A limiting groove matched with the limiting ring is formed in the supporting seat; the anchorage device is inserted into the limiting groove through the limiting ring; one end of the converging pipe is connected with a base of the anchorage device, and the other end penetrates through a center hole of the supporting seat and extends towards one side of the expansion joint; and the grouting pipe penetrates through the base of the anchorage device and is communicated with the converging pipe. Through cooperative use of the components, the soft rock can be supported, deformation of the soft rock can be effectively controlled, construction safety is guaranteed, construction quality is guaranteed, meanwhile, the construction period is shortened, and construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of geotechnical engineering anchoring support technology, specifically to a small-diameter anchor cable active support grouting device for tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of tunnel engineering, the problem of large deformation of surrounding rock has always been a difficult technical challenge and a hot topic in industry research, and a mature and efficient systematic solution has yet to be formed. In recent years, with the continuous advancement of infrastructure construction, tunnel engineering has shown a development trend of "long, large, and deep burial." This problem is particularly prominent when tunnels pass through soft rock sections with high ground stress. Due to the low mechanical strength and weak bearing capacity of soft rock itself, it is prone to plastic deformation and rheological phenomena after excavation and unloading, leading to large deformation of the surrounding rock. This large deformation not only causes deformation or even failure of the initial support structure (such as steel arches), forcing frequent adjustments to the support structure and repeated reinforcement treatments during construction, directly causing significant delays in the construction period, a multiplied increase in construction costs, and increased technical difficulty in construction; more importantly, it seriously threatens the life safety of on-site construction personnel and the long-term stability of the engineering structure, greatly restricting the efficient advancement and safe operation of tunnel engineering construction.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a small-diameter anchor cable active support grouting device for tunnels, which can be used to support soft rock, control soft rock deformation, ensure construction safety, and shorten the construction period and improve construction efficiency while ensuring construction quality. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a small-diameter anchor cable active support grouting device for tunnels, which effectively solves the technical problems of construction delays, high construction costs, and inability to guarantee construction safety caused by large deformation of the surrounding rock during the excavation of soft rock.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a small-diameter anchor cable active support grouting device for tunnels, including an anchor cable and an anchor assembly sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable; multiple expansion joints are provided at the end of the anchor cable away from the anchor assembly, and an inner support ring is provided inside the expansion joint; the anchor assembly includes an anchor, a support seat, a converging pipe and a grouting pipe; a limiting ring is provided around one end of the base of the anchor; a limiting groove adapted to the limiting ring is opened on the support seat; the anchor is inserted into the limiting groove through the limiting ring; one end of the converging pipe is connected to the base of the anchor, and the other end passes through the central hole of the support seat and extends to the expansion joint side; the grouting pipe passes through the base of the anchor and communicates with the converging pipe.

[0006] Preferably, the anchor includes multiple wedge-shaped clips, an anchor cylinder, and a base; the multiple wedge-shaped clips are respectively fitted into the conical holes of the anchor cylinder and together surround the outer peripheral wall of the anchor cable; the base is a hollow structure and is integrally connected to the end of the anchor cylinder away from the wedge-shaped clips; the grouting pipe penetrates the side wall of the base and is connected to the converging pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the converging pipe includes a hemispherical converging part and a connecting part; one end of the hemispherical converging part is connected to the end of the base near the support seat, and the other end is connected to the connecting part; a protective sleeve is connected to the end of the connecting part away from the hemispherical converging part.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes an exhaust pipe, which is located on one side of the grouting pipe and penetrates the side wall of the base and is connected to the converging pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the base is frustum shaped, and the diameter of the end of the base near the anchor tube is larger than the diameter of the end of the base away from the anchor tube.

[0010] Preferably, the anchor cable is fitted with a first grout stopper, which is located between the support seat and the expansion joint and near one end of the expansion joint.

[0011] Preferably, the anchor cable is fitted with a second grout stopper, which is located inside the converging pipe and near one end of the base.

[0012] Preferably, the support base includes a pad and a hemispherical support platform integrally connected to the pad; the limiting groove is provided at the end of the hemispherical support platform away from the pad.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this utility model has the following advantages:

[0014] (1) The present invention provides a small-diameter anchor cable active support grouting device for tunnels. It is equipped with anchor cables and anchor components. The anchor cables are equipped with expansion joints and inner support rings. The anchor components are equipped with anchors, support seats, converging pipes and grouting pipes. The anchors are equipped with limit rings and the support seats are equipped with limit grooves. Through the cooperation of the above components, soft rock can be supported, soft rock deformation can be effectively controlled, construction safety can be ensured, and the construction period can be shortened and construction efficiency can be improved while ensuring construction quality.

[0015] (2) This utility model provides a small-diameter anchor cable active support grouting device for tunnels. Multiple wedge-shaped clamps are installed and fitted into the conical holes of the anchor cylinder, collectively surrounding the outer periphery of the anchor cable. When the anchor cable is subjected to tension, the wedge-shaped clamps move inward along the conical holes of the anchor cylinder under the tension, becoming increasingly tighter to achieve a firm clamping of the anchor cable. A base is provided to facilitate the connection between the anchor cylinder and the support seat, improving the stability of the connection between them. By tilting the grouting pipe towards the anchor cylinder and passing through the base to connect with the converging pipe, an external grout source can be easily connected, allowing the grouting material to smoothly enter the converging pipe, ensuring smooth grouting operations and improving grouting effect and support quality.

[0016] (3) The active support grouting device for small-diameter anchor cables in tunnels provided by this utility model has a hemispherical converging part and a connecting part in the converging pipe. A protective sleeve is connected to the end of the connecting part away from the hemispherical converging part. Through the coordinated use of these components, the special shape of the hemispherical converging part not only provides a buffer space for the grouting material, preventing excessive grouting and overflow, but also allows the grouting material to naturally converge within the hemispherical converging part, reducing the resistance and turbulence of the grouting material flow. This achieves the convergence and guidance of the grouting material, ensuring that it enters the anchor cable hole at a stable flow rate and in a uniform state. Furthermore, the protective sleeve is a corrosion-resistant corrugated PVC thin-walled pipe. The length of the protective sleeve is slightly shorter than the length of the anchor cable. The corrugated structure of the protective sleeve not only improves its rigidity and facilitates insertion into the anchor cable hole, but also blocks the mud flow and bonding layer, increasing the connection strength with the grouting material, thus effectively enhancing the anchoring capacity after the anchor cable is anchored.

[0017] (4) The present invention provides a small-diameter anchor cable active support grouting device for tunnels. By setting an exhaust pipe on one side of the grouting pipe and connecting it through the side wall of the base to the converging pipe, air in the anchor cable hole can be discharged through the exhaust pipe before or during the grouting operation. This allows for timely removal of air from the converging pipe and the anchor cable hole, preventing air from obstructing the flow of grouting material and ensuring unobstructed grouting channels. During the grouting process, when the pressure inside the anchor cable hole changes, air can enter and exit through the exhaust pipe to balance the pressure in the converging pipe and the anchor cable hole, preventing leakage of grouting material from the joint due to excessive pressure, and ensuring that the grouting operation can be carried out safely and stably.

[0018] (5) The present invention provides a small-diameter anchor cable active support grouting device in a tunnel. Since the anchor cable is fitted with a first grout stop plug, it can effectively prevent the grouting material from flowing towards the resin anchoring section and prevent the grouting material from entering the resin anchoring section, so as to maintain the good anchoring performance of the resin anchoring section and thus ensure the reliability of the anchor cable anchoring.

[0019] (6) The present invention provides a small-diameter anchor cable active support grouting device in a tunnel. Since the anchor cable is fitted with a second grout stop plug, the second grout stop plug can be used to effectively prevent the grouting material from flowing back from the converging pipe to the base during the grouting process, ensuring that the grouting material can be continuously and stably delivered into the anchor cable hole, improving grouting efficiency, while preventing grouting material leakage, reducing material waste and pollution to the construction environment. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the prior art and the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the prior art and the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a partial structural diagram of the anchor assembly in this utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the support base in this utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the expansion joint in this utility model.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the active support grouting device for small-diameter anchor cables in tunnels in the present invention, showing its usage status.

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: Anchor cable 100, Expansion joint 110, Inner support ring 111, First grout stop plug 120, Second grout stop plug 130, Anchor assembly 200, Anchor 210, Wedge-shaped clamp 211, Anchor cylinder 212, Base 213, Limiting ring 214, Support seat 220, Pad 221, Hemispherical support platform 222, Limiting groove 222A, Converging pipe 230, Converging part 231, Connecting part 232, Grouting pipe 240, Protective sleeve 250, Exhaust pipe 260. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this utility model, the following detailed description of the active support grouting device for small-diameter anchor cables in tunnels provided by this utility model is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can better understand this utility model and implement it. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0028] Please see Figures 1 to 5As shown in the embodiment of this application, a small-diameter anchor cable active support grouting device for tunnels is provided, including an anchor cable 100 and an anchor assembly 200 sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable 100; a plurality of expansion joints 110 are provided at the end of the anchor cable 100 away from the anchor assembly 200, and an inner support ring 111 is provided inside the expansion joint 110; the anchor assembly 200 includes an anchor 210, a support base 220, a converging pipe 230 and a grouting pipe 240; a grouting pipe is provided around the periphery of one end of the base 213 of the anchor 210. A limiting ring 214 is provided; a limiting groove 222A adapted to the limiting ring 214 is provided on the support base 220; the anchor 210 is inserted into the limiting groove 222A through the limiting ring 214; one end of the converging pipe 230 is connected to the base 213 of the anchor 210 and communicates with the tapered hole of the anchor 210, and the other end passes through the central hole of the support base 220 and extends towards the expansion joint 110; the grouting pipe 240 passes through the base 213 of the anchor 210 and communicates with the converging pipe 230. The support base 220 includes a pad 221 and a hemispherical support platform 222 integrally connected to the pad 221; the limiting groove 222A is provided at the end of the hemispherical support platform 222 away from the pad 221.

[0029] Because the anchor cable 100 and the anchor assembly 200 are provided, and the anchor cable 100 is provided with an expansion joint 110, and the expansion joint 110 is provided with an inner support ring 111, and the anchor assembly 200 is provided with an anchor 210, a support seat 220, a converging pipe 230 and a grouting pipe 240, the anchor 210 is provided with a limit ring 214, and the support seat 220 is provided with a limit groove 222A, the soft rock can be supported by the cooperation of the above components, effectively controlling the deformation of the soft rock, ensuring construction safety, and shortening the construction period and improving construction efficiency while ensuring construction quality.

[0030] Specifically, anchor cables 100 and anchor assemblies 200 are used to support soft rock. Anchor cables 100 are prestressed anchor cables, possessing active support characteristics, capable of resisting long-term compression of soft rock and adapting to its deformation. Resin anchoring agents are used to quickly fix the anchor cables 100, shortening the construction period and improving efficiency. Specifically, in the anchor cable 100 holes in the tunnel surrounding rock, the end of the anchor cable 100 furthest from the anchor assemblies 200 is placed in the resin anchoring agent within the anchor cable 100 holes, achieving rapid cable attachment and initial anchoring force. By providing multiple expansion joints 110 at the end of the anchor cable 100 away from the anchor assembly 200, with the multiple expansion joints 110 arranged sequentially along the length of the anchor cable 100 and each expansion joint 110 having an inner support ring 111, the resin content and the anchoring solvent are mixed more thoroughly, thereby strengthening the bond between the resin anchoring agent and the anchor cable 100 body, and further enhancing the connection stability between the anchor cable 100 and the anchor cable 100 hole. By setting a limiting ring 214 around the periphery of the end of the anchor 210 near the support 220, and opening a limiting groove 222A on the support 220 that matches the limiting ring 214, the anchor 210 can be inserted into the limiting groove 222A through the limiting ring 214. This not only enables the anchor 210 and the support 220 to be positioned quickly and accurately, but also ensures the stability of the connection between the anchor 210 and the support 220, effectively preventing the anchor 210 from shifting during the prestressing tensioning process and affecting the tensioning effect. By setting up a converging pipe 230, one end of which is connected to the end of the anchor 210 near the support base 220 and communicates with the conical hole of the anchor 210, and the other end passes through the central hole of the support base 220 and extends to the side of the support base 220 away from the base 213, a grouting pipe 240 is set up to pass through the base 213 of the anchor 210 and communicate with the converging pipe 230, so that a grouting channel is formed between the grouting pipe 240, the anchor 210 and the converging pipe 230, so as to inject cement grout into the anchor cable 100 hole in the surrounding rock of the tunnel for fixation. Among them, injecting cement grout into the anchor cable 100 hole after the soft rock deformation is basically balanced can not only reduce the prestress loss, but also reduce the support failure caused by insufficient end anchoring capacity of the anchor cable 100 in the later stage. That is, by setting resin anchoring section and post-grouting anchoring section in the anchor cable 100 hole respectively, it can be ensured that the anchor cable 100 can achieve a good support effect during the safe service stage of the tunnel, thereby achieving permanent support. Furthermore, the anchor cable 100 hole is used not only for installing the anchor cable 100 but also for grouting. That is, the anchor cable 100 hole and the grouting hole share a single cavity, which reduces the construction process and significantly lowers the construction difficulty. By continuously injecting grout into the anchor cable 100 hole, after the grout has filled the entire cavity, the anchor cable 100 continues to apply pressure to the grout, causing the grout to penetrate deeper into the rock strata, further increasing the anchoring range, and thus making the entire soil layer more stable.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the anchor 210 includes a plurality of wedge-shaped clips 211, an anchor cylinder 212, and a base 213. The plurality of wedge-shaped clips 211 are respectively fitted into the conical holes of the anchor cylinder 212 and together surround the outer peripheral wall of the anchor cable 100. The base 213 has a hollow structure and is integrally connected to the end of the anchor cylinder 212 away from the wedge-shaped clips. The grouting pipe 240 penetrates the side wall of the base 213 and communicates with the converging pipe 230. The base 213 is frustum-shaped, and the diameter of the end of the base 213 near the anchor cylinder 212 is larger than the diameter of the end of the base 213 away from the anchor cylinder 212.

[0032] By setting multiple wedge-shaped clamps 211 and having them respectively fit into the conical holes of the anchor cylinder 212, and collectively surrounding the outer peripheral wall of the anchor cable 100, when the anchor cable 100 is subjected to tension, the wedge-shaped clamps 211 move inward along the conical holes of the anchor cylinder 212 under the action of tension, becoming tighter and tighter, thereby achieving a firm clamping of the anchor cable 100. A base 213 is provided to facilitate the connection between the anchor cylinder 212 and the support seat 220, improving the stability of the connection between the anchor cylinder 212 and the support seat 220. By tilting the grouting pipe 240 towards the side closer to the anchor cylinder 212 and passing through the base 213 to connect with the converging pipe 230, it is easy to connect to an external grout source, allowing the grouting material to smoothly enter the converging pipe 230, ensuring smooth grouting operations, and improving grouting effect and support quality.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the converging pipe 230 includes a hemispherical converging portion 231 and a connecting portion 232; one end of the hemispherical converging portion 231 is connected to the end of the base 213 near the support 220, and the other end is connected to the connecting portion 232; a protective sleeve 250 is connected to the end of the connecting portion 232 away from the hemispherical converging portion 231.

[0034] Because the converging pipe 230 is provided with a hemispherical converging part 231 and a connecting part 232, and a protective sleeve 250 is connected to the end of the connecting part 232 away from the hemispherical converging part 231, the cooperation between the above components not only allows the special shape of the hemispherical converging part 231 to provide a buffer space for the grouting material, preventing grout overflow due to excessive grouting speed, but also allows the grouting material to naturally converge within the hemispherical converging part 231, reducing the resistance and turbulence of the grouting material flow. This achieves the convergence and guidance of the grouting material, ensuring that the grouting material enters the anchor cable 100 hole at a stable flow rate and in a uniform state. In addition, the protective sleeve 250 is a corrosion-resistant corrugated PVC thin-walled pipe. The length of the protective sleeve 250 is slightly shorter than that of the anchor cable 100. The corrugated structure of the protective sleeve 250 can not only improve its own rigidity and facilitate insertion into the hole of the anchor cable 100, but also block the flow of mud and the bonding layer, increase the connection between the sleeve and the grouting material, and effectively enhance the anchoring capacity of the anchor cable 100 after anchoring. Meanwhile, by connecting the protective sleeve 250 to the connection part 232 (which can also be a threaded connection or a snap-fit ​​connection), the grout forms a double protective layer for the anchor cable 100 after solidification. The inner protective layer is the grout inside the anchor cable 100 and the protective sleeve 250, and the outer protective layer is the grout inside the protective sleeve 250 and the hole wall of the anchor cable 100. The inner and outer protective layers are not completely connected to each other. That is, if corrosive substances such as mortar cracks appear, the protective sleeve 250 can act as a barrier to prevent them from entering, thereby greatly enhancing the corrosion resistance of the small-diameter anchor cable active support grouting device in the tunnel. Especially under ultra-high stress conditions, the function of this structure will be greatly highlighted, laying a material foundation for the permanent protection of the tunnel.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, an exhaust pipe 260 is also included. The exhaust pipe 260 is located on one side of the grouting pipe 240 and penetrates the side wall of the base 213 and communicates with the converging pipe 230.

[0036] By installing an exhaust pipe 260 on one side of the grouting pipe 240, and connecting it to the converging pipe 230 through the side wall of the base 213, air in the anchor cable 100 holes can be discharged through the exhaust pipe 260 before or during grouting operations. This ensures timely removal of air from the converging pipe 230 and the anchor cable 100 holes, preventing air from obstructing the flow of grouting material and ensuring unobstructed grouting channels. During grouting, when the pressure inside the anchor cable 100 holes changes, air can enter and exit through the exhaust pipe 260 to balance the pressure in the converging pipe 230 and the anchor cable 100 holes, preventing grouting material leakage from the joints due to excessive pressure and ensuring safe and stable grouting operations.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the anchor cable 100 is fitted with a first grout-stopping plug 120, which is located between the support base 220 and the expansion joint 110 and near one end of the expansion joint 110. Because the anchor cable 100 is fitted with the first grout-stopping plug 120, it effectively prevents the grouting material from flowing towards the resin anchoring section and prevents the grouting material from entering the resin anchoring section, thereby maintaining the good anchoring performance of the resin anchoring section and ensuring the reliability of the anchoring of the anchor cable 100.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the anchor cable 100 is fitted with a second grout-stopping plug 130, which is located inside the converging pipe 230 and near one end of the base 213. Because the anchor cable 100 is fitted with the second grout-stopping plug 130, the second grout-stopping plug 130 can effectively prevent the grouting material from flowing back from the converging pipe 230 to the base 213 during the grouting process, ensuring that the grouting material can be continuously and stably delivered into the anchor cable 100 hole, improving grouting efficiency, and preventing grouting material leakage, reducing material waste and pollution to the construction environment.

[0039] The method of using a small-diameter anchor cable active support grouting device in a tunnel according to the embodiments of this application is as follows: First, according to the geological conditions, holes are drilled in the surrounding rock of the tunnel to form tunnel grouting anchor cable 100 holes. Second, the end of the anchor cable 100 away from the anchor assembly 200 (the end with multiple expansion joints 110) is placed in the resin anchoring agent in the anchor cable 100 hole, and the resin anchoring agent is stirred and solidified. Next, the protective sleeve 250 is inserted into the anchor cable 100 hole, and then the support seat 220 and the anchor 210 are fitted on the outside of the anchor cable 100, and the base 213 of the anchor 210 is inserted into the insertion groove of the support seat 220. The anchor cable 100 is prestressed by the anchor cable 100 tensioning device to fix the anchor assembly 200 to the surrounding rock of the tunnel. Finally, grout is injected into the grouting section of the anchor cable 100 hole through the grouting pipe 240 to complete the installation of the small-diameter anchor cable active support grouting device in the tunnel.

[0040] It is understood that this utility model has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Furthermore, under the teachings of this utility model, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A small-diameter anchor cable active support grouting device in a tunnel, characterized by, The anchor cable (100) is provided with a plurality of expansion joints (110) at the end away from the anchor assembly (200), and the expansion joint (110) is provided with an inner support ring (111) inside.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein, The anchor (210) comprises a plurality of wedge-shaped clamping pieces (211), an anchor cylinder (212) and a base (213); the plurality of wedge-shaped clamping pieces (211) are respectively fitted in the tapered holes of the anchor cylinder (212) and collectively surround the outer peripheral wall of the anchor cable (100); the base (213) is a hollow structure, and the base (213) is integrally connected to the end of the anchor cylinder (212) away from the wedge-shaped clamping pieces; and the grouting pipe (240) penetrates the side wall of the base (213) and communicates with the converging pipe (230).

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The converging pipe (230) comprises a hemispherical converging part (231) and a connecting part (232); one end of the hemispherical converging part (231) is connected to the end of the base (213) close to the support seat (220), and the other end communicates with the connecting part (232); and the connecting part (232) is connected with a protective sleeve (250) at the end away from the hemispherical converging part (231).

4. The small-diameter anchor cable active support grouting device in a tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that, Further comprising an exhaust pipe (260), which is located on one side of the grouting pipe (240) and penetrates the side wall of the base (213) and communicates with the converging pipe (230).

5. The device for grouting of small-diameter anchor cables in tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base (213) is arranged in a circular truncated cone shape, and the diameter of the end of the base (213) close to the anchor cylinder (212) is greater than the diameter of the end of the base (213) away from the anchor cylinder (212).

6. The device for grouting of active support of small-diameter anchor cables in tunnels according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The anchor cable (100) is provided with a first grouting stopper (120), which is located between the support seat (220) and the expansion joint (110) and close to one end of the expansion joint (110).

7. The device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, The anchor cable (100) is provided with a second grouting stopper (130), which is located in the converging pipe (230) and close to one end of the base (213).

8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The support seat (220) comprises a backing plate (221) and a hemispherical support platform (222) integrally connected with the backing plate (221); the limiting groove (222A) is arranged at one end of the hemispherical support platform (222) away from the backing plate (221).

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